Abstract: This invention relates to an improved adhesive composition having extended holding power accompanied by adhesion building properties during use and having increased gel adhesion, which composition consists essentially of (a) from about 10 to about 35 wt. % lower alkyl vinyl ether-maleic acid copolymer wherein from 0 to about 90 wt. % of the copolymer carboxyl units are converted to a mixture of salts selected from the group of calcium, sodium, strontium, zinc, magnesium and potassium; (b) an excess, with respect to said copolymer, of a non-crosslinked, non-ionic natural guar gum; and (c) from about 30 to about 70 wt. % oil base as a carrier. The invention also relates to the preparation and use of said adhesive for affixing dentures.

Abstract: A composite of a gel of swollen hydrocolloid dispersed in a pressure sensitive adhesive matrix is provided. The gel has a natural or synthetically derived hydrocolloid swollen with a non-volatile swelling agent, such that the gel may have a shear modulus of less than 6.2.times.10.sub.6 dynes/cm.sup.2 The gel-adhesive composite has continued skin adhesion whether applied to or existing in dry or moist skin conditions. The gel contributes a high moisture vapor transmission rate to attempt to maintain dry skin conditions while the adhesive maintains skin adhesion. The gel-adhesive composite may be used in a variety of tape, dressing, bandage, drape, or other skin contacting usage and may optionally include antimicrobial agents to treat the skin while adhesion continues.

Abstract: Water soluble cellulose acetoacetates prepared by contacting a cellulose material with diketene, an alkyl acetoacetate, 2,2,6-trimethyl-4H-1,3-dioxin-4-one or a mixture thereof in a solvent system comprising lithium chloride plus a carboxamide. Compositions containing the cellulose acetoacetates and, optionally, a crosslinking agent are useful for coatings applications.

Abstract: Recoverable, peelable masking films prepared from an aqueous emulsion of polyvinyl acetate resins are disclosed. The aqueous composition is an admixture about 70 to 80 wt-% an aqueous vehicle; about 20 to 30 wt-% of a polyvinyl acetate film-forming resin; about 0.1 to 5 wt-% of a plasticizer; about 0.1 to 5 wt-% of a water soluble polysaccharide gum; less than about 1 wt-% of an emulsifiable thickening agent; about 0.01 to 1 wt-% of a release agent to render a film formed from the aqueous composition peelable from a substrate; and about 0.1 to 1 wt-% of a defoaming agent. The composition can then be dried to form a peelable film consisting essentially of a single layer comprising about 70 to 99 wt-% of polyvinyl acetate resin; about 0.1 to 15 wt-% a water soluble polysaccharide gum; about 0.1 to 15 wt-% of a emulsifiable thickening agent; and about 0.01 to 5 wt-% of a release agent to render a film formed from an aqueous composition peelable from a substrate.

Abstract: The invention provides aqueous multicolor compositions containing discrete hydrated colored globules dispersed in an aqueous dispersing medium containing a film forming material. To impart the enhanced properties of long term stability and resistance to application by means of brush and roller, the globules are obtained by reacting two or more pigment containing hydrophilic colloids selected from carboxylated cellulose colloids, polysaccaride gums and acrylic polymers with at least two metal cations selected from Fe.sup.3+, Al.sup.3+, Ca.sup.2+, and Mg.sup.2+. The thus obtained colored globules contain from 2.5 to 20.0% by weight of pigment and fillers and 10 to 40% by weight of a film forming resin. The globules constitute and are about 60 to 90% by weight of the final composition, while the dispersing medium is 40 to 10% by weight of the final composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an absorbing and swelling agent for water, aqueous solutions and body liquids, which consists of a mixture of at least two components, whereby component A is at least a water-swellable, synthetic polymer or copolymer cross-linked with a polyfunctional compound, and component B is at least a polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of galactomannans or polygalactomannans, as well as galactomannan derivatives or mixtures thereof with other natural or synthetic polymers which at normal temperature are present as pourable powders or as fibrous materials and are only partially soluble or insoluble in water.

Abstract: An aqueous, correction fluid that includes a suspending agent, a binding resin, water, and an opacifying pigment. The suspending agent is preferably a gum or hydrocolloid, e.g., xanthan gum, and the composition preferably has a shear-thinning index (n) of from about 0.08 to 0.50.

Abstract: A water based thixotropic adhesive gel is disclosed which consists essentially of: water; partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, or wherein a portion of the polyvinyl alcohol is replaced with polyvinylpyrrolidone; a water-soluble high viscosity thickening agent polymer which is compatible with the polyvinyl alcohol and which imparts thixotropic properties to the gel; a water-soluble plasticizer for the polyvinyl alcohol; and a watersoluble defoamer in proportion of ingredients so that the viscosity of the adhesive will break down when a flexible tube or squeeze bottle dispenser is finger-pressed and have a sufficiently low viscosity to allow for easy extrusion from an orifice having a diameter of about 0.06 to 0.15 inches. When pressure is released, after the desired amount of adhesive has flown out of the dispenser, the adhesive quickly reverts to very close to its original gel state so that it will not run on a vertical surface on porous and semiporous surfaces such as paper.

Abstract: A water based thixotropic adhesive gel is disclosed which comprises; an aqueous emulsion of polyvinyl acetate in an amount sufficient to form adhesive bonds on wood; partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol in an amount sufficient to provide wet tack of the adhesive; glyoxal in an amount sufficient to provide water resistance to the adhesive; and wood flour in an amount sufficient to increase the water resistance imparted by the glyoxal and to provide sanding and staining properties to the adhesive; and xanthan gum in an amount sufficient to provide a thixotropic index and viscosity allowing extrusion of the gel from a flexible dispenser having a dispensing opening of about 0.073 inches in diameter by applying finger-pressure to the dispenser while, upon extrusion, the gel forms a bead which does not run when applied in a horizontal line on wood in a vertical plane.

Abstract: A process for preserving cellular structures includes the steps of pre-treating the structures with a polymeric water solution, drying the structures and then post-treating the structures with an organic solvent, non-water-base solution. Once the structure has been treated with the pre-treatment solution, the specimen is allowed to sit for a predetermined period of time in order for the active ingredients of the solution to penetrate the surface area of the specimen. The specimen is then preferably freeze-dried. The specimens are then treated with a non-water-based post-treatment solution of water-resistant, film-forming polymeric resin to form a barrier coat on the finished product.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved adhesive composition having extended holding power accompanied by adhesion building properties during use and having increased gel adhesion, which composition consists essentially of (a) from about 10 to about 35 wt. % lower alkyl vinyl ether-maleic acid copolymer wherein from 0 to about 90 wt. % of the copolymer carboxyl units are converted to a mixture of salts selected from the group of calcium, sodium, strontium, zinc, magnesium and potassium; (b) a crosslinked non-ionic natural guar gum in a mole ratio of between about 0.75:1 and about 5:1 with respect to the copolymer; and (c) from about 30 to about 70 wt. % oil base as a carrier. The invention also relates to the preparation and use of said adhesive for affixing dentures.

Abstract: Novel gel-forming compositions are used in a process for molding ceramic compositions. Gel-forming compositions, such as agar, are improved with a gel-enhancing agent, e.g. polyethyleneimine. The novel gel-forming compositions improved the ceramic molding process and/or the ceramic products formed therefrom.

Abstract: A water based thixotropic adhesive gel is disclosed which consists essentially of: water; partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, or wherein a portion of the polyvinyl alcohol is replaced with polyvinylpyrrolidone; a water-soluble high viscosity thickening agent polymer which is compatible with the polyvinyl alcohol and which imparts thixotropic properties to the gel; a water-soluble plasticizer for the polyvinyl alcohol; and a watersoluble defoamer in proportion of ingredients so that the viscosity of the adhesive will break down when a flexible tube or squeeze bottle dispenser is finger-pressed and have a sufficiently low viscosity to allow for easy extrusion from an orifice having a diameter of about 0.06 to 0.15 inches. When pressure is released, after the desired amount of adhesive has flown out of the dispenser, the adhesive quickly reverts to very close to its original gel state so that it will not run on a vertical surface on porous and semiporous surfaces such as paper.

Abstract: Water-soluble, polymer viscosifiers of aqueous solutions, also known as gelling agents, can be suspended in a hydrocarbon carrier fluid, such as, diesel to prepare a liquid gel concentrate. When a liquid gel concentrate is added to an aqueous solution the gelling agent disperses into it and viscosifies it. To make an improved performance admixture for preparation of liquid gel concentrates and render the gelling agent suspendable in the hydrocarbon carrier fluid, it is first coated with a mixture of an oil-compatible polymer suspending agent, such as a polymer suspension, comprising a branched chain alkyl acrylate monomer copolymerized with a minor amount of hydrophilic monomer such as acrylic acid with an appropriate amount of internal crosslinking agent to control polymer particle size, and a surfactant such as a nonylphenol reacted with several moles of ethylene oxide, styrenated phenol ethoxylate, or a phosphate ester of styrenated phenol ethoxylate.

Abstract: A composite of a gel of swollen hydrocolloid dispersed in a pressure sensitive adhesive matrix is provided. The gel has a natural or synthetically derived hydrocolloid swollen with a non-volatile swelling agent, such that the gel may have a shear modulus of less than 6.2.times.10.sup.6 dynes/cm.sup.2. The gel-adhesive composite has continued skin adhesion whether applied to or existing in dry or moist skin conditions. The gel contributes a high moisture vapor transmission rate to attempt to maintain dry skin conditions while the adhesive maintains skin adhesion. The gel-adhesive composite may be used in a variety of tape, dressing, bandage, drape, or other skin contacting usage and may optionally include antimicrobial agents to treat the skin while adhesion continues.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of absorbers for water, aqueous solutions and body liquids, the absorbers consisting of at least two components A and B, whereby component A is at least a water-swellable synthetic polymer or copolymer, and component B is at least a natural or synthetic compound being present at normal temperature as a pourable powder which is highly or at least partially soluble, in water, or as a liquid. The present invention is characterized by the fact that component B is added in the form of a powder, a liquid or as a solution to component A during the end phase of the production process thereof after a polymer reaction degree of 90%, preferably 95% is attained, that is is mixed with the polymer gel of component A and, in order to obtain a powdery, pourable end product, is dried, if necessary, and ground.

Abstract: Used as a thickener a Fluidized Polymer Suspension (FPS) with or without salt as a suspending agent allows producing joint, spackling and texture compounds in significantly reduced time. Products produced with FPS are more uniform and stable than ones made with solid thickeners.

Abstract: A binder for preparing an aqueous ceramics slurry, which contains a hydrophilic polymer such as a water-soluble (meth)acrylic polymer, a polysaccharide of natural origin such as pectin, pectinic acid, glucan, etc., and a polyvinyl compound such as poly(vinyl butyral). The aqueous ceramics slurry contains less than 25 parts by weight of the binder to 100 parts by weight of ceramics powder. The slurry is applied on a carrier film by a doctor blade method and dried to give a ceramics green sheet. A ceramics sheet can be produced by sintering the green sheet.

Abstract: A bituminous binder emulsion is provided and is formed from a dispersion of an organic phase consisting of a bituminous binder in an aqueous phase incorporating an emulsifying system made up of one or more emulsifying agents, a water-soluble thickener and optionally, a pH regulating agent. The thickener which may be used to control the viscosity of the emulsion incorporates at least 40% scleroglucan by weight. The emulsion obtained may be used for road building applications, water-proofing in civil engineering or construction works, or for industrial purposes.

Abstract: Stable nonagglomerating suspensions of oil soluble polymeric friction reducers are prepared by combining free-flowing solid particles of such friction reducers with a suspension stabilizing amount of a water soluble thickening agent in water or in a mixture of water and alcohol.

Abstract: An adhesive composition suitable for use as an in-line contact adhesive for electrotransport drug delivery systems.

Abstract: The material, which is usable for the production of biodegradable articles in film, sheet or fiber form, can be produced by extrusion from a molten mass including a synthetic thermoplastic polymer and a destructured starch to which a boron containing compound, such as boric acid, metaboric acid, borax and derivatives thereof has been added. Articles made of this material have improved transparency, Young's modulus and tear strength.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for dispersing gums in hydrocarbon streams, particularly low molecular weight, sticky polymeric materials formed in refinery and petrochemical plant operation. The dispersant comprises a free radically polymerized copolymer of an .alpha.-olefin of from about 10 to about 36 carbon atoms and maleic anhydride wherein the anhydride moieties along the copolymer backbone are substantially unhydrolyzed. The copolymer has a ratio of olefin to maleic anhydride of from about 1 to about 0.5 and a molecular weight of from 5000 to about 100,000. The dispersant alternatively comprises a dispersant mixture wherein the first component comprises the .alpha.-olefin/maleic anhydride copolymer and the second component comprises an alkyl substituted phenol/formaldehyde liquid polymer, such as nonyl phenol/formaldehyde polymer, or a lipophilic/hydrophilic vinylic polymer, such as hydroxyethyl methacrylate/lauryl acrylate copolymer. Also disclosed is a hydrocarbon dispersion made by the method.

Abstract: The invention relates to elastomers and articles reinforced with 5 to 30 phr Chitosan particles having a diameter of 0.5 to 75 microns. In an illustrated embodiment, the Chitosan may be modified with an oxygen reactive group or a nitrogen reactive group to make the Chitosan more reactive with an elastomer. Also provided is an economical method of incorporating very fine Chitosan particles into an elastomer matrix. In the method Chitosan is dissolved in an acid and mixed with a coagulating liquid (for coagulating latex), and the mixture of chitosan/coagulating liquid is mixed with a latex solution to provide an elastomer/chitosan composite. The elastomer/chitosan composite may be used as formed or it can be used as a masterbatch and mixed with more elastomer.

Abstract: This invention presents water-resistant, formaldehyde-free starch-based corugating adhesives. The adhesives are alkaline-curing and contain 0.1-7% (by wt.) of a crosslinking agent which is a condensate of an epihalohydrin and an amine, a polyamine, or ammonia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a modeling paste intended particularly for children, characterized by the fact that it consists of expanded polystyrene beads, said beads being uniformly immersed in a synthetic resin which constitutes a binder, by the fact that said paste does not flow, and by the fact that it has sufficient elasticity to provide suitable rebound when used as a ball. It also relates to a process for manufacturing said paste.

Abstract: A cationic polyvinyl alcohol binder additive is prepared suitable for addition in the wet-end of a paper making process by reacting a blocked glyoxal resin, a cationic water-soluble aldehyde reactive polymer and a polyvinyl alcohol polymer.

Abstract: A method for the formulation and preparation of a heterochromatic paint comprises reacting one or more base mediums containing an anionic cellulose thickener in emulsion with an inorganic salt of a heavy or trivalent metal contained in a reactive medium emulsion. The heterochromatic paint comprises an emulsion containing non-soluble precipitated color particles, and each of the base mediums are of a different color. The inorganic salt is used in an amount sufficient to form dispersed phase reaction products contained in a dispersing phase emulsion and consisting essentially of a non-soluble precipitated color particles. The weight ratio of the dispersed phase to the dispersing phase in the heterochromatic paint is not greater than 0.4:1.

Abstract: A method for the formulation and preparation of a heterochromatic paint comprises reacting one or more base mediums containing an anionic cellulose thickener in emulsion with an inorganic salt of a heavy or trivalent metal contained in a reactive medium emulsion. The heterochromatic paint comprises an emulsion containing non-soluble precipitated color particles, and each of the base mediums are of a different color. The inorganic salt is used in an amount sufficient to form dispersed phase reaction products contained in a dispersing phase emulsion and consisting essentially of non-soluble precipitated color particles. The ratio of the dispersed phase to the dispersing phase in the heterochromatic paint is not greater than 0.4:1.

Abstract: A process for dispersing particles of an organic commpound in water is disclosed, which comprises dispersing the organic compound in water using (1) a water-soluble high molecular weight compound having a molecular weight of at least 10,000 and (2) a copolymer formed from a monomer represented by the following formula (I) and a monomer represented by the following formula (II), said copolymer having a molecular weight of not more than 10,000: ##STR1## wherein M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 each represents an alkali metal atom or an ammonium group; R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group; and R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group having from 2 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A denture adhesive base composition comprises a substantially anhydrous mixture of a cationic derivatives of guar gum, a mixed Na/Ca salt of methyl vinyl ether-maleic anhydride and sodium carboxymethylcellulose. A denture adhesive composition including this base composition is provided, as well as a method for formulating the novel adhesives of the invention. Upon hydration, the denture adhesives of the invention form denture adhesive compositions exhibiting improved denture holding and adhesive duration properties.

Abstract: A non-toxic rubber-based composition for use in manufacturing toys which contains styrene butadiene rubber, naphthene oil, ester gum, calcium carbonate and a coloring agent, and a method for making same.

Abstract: The invention relates to aqueous organic compositions which find particular utility as binders in the processing stages necessary for the production of ceramic articles. More particularly, the aqueous organic compositions comprise polyethylene copolymers, especially ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers dispersed in water for use as a binding agent for the formation of ceramics, particularly metal oxides such as aluminum oxides. In an exemplary form, the aqueous organic composition combined with the ceramic particulates has a weight ratio of about 10% ceramics and 20% aqueous organic composition, although other mixtures may be formulated without detracting from the beneficial features of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a first low-temperature insulating material which comprises polyvinyl chloride, a plasticizer, a water-containing or absorbing gel or an aqueous solution of a water-soluble polymer and an emulsifier and a second low-temperature insulating material which comprises polyvinyl chloride gelled by mixing with a plasticizer and a surface-covered, water-containing hydrogel. The insulating materials are inexpensive and show excellent heat-insulating properties and excellent flexibility at low temperatures.

Abstract: Spinnable dopes containing fiber-forming polymers being at least about 55% and less than about 80% lyotropic polysaccharide and at least about 20 percent and less than about 45% thermally-consolidatable polymer and a process for making oriented, shaped articles of lyotropic polysaccharide/thermally-consolidatable polymer blends by orienting the dopes and removing the solvent.

Abstract: Environmentally degradable blends comprising ethylene-carbon monoxide copolymers, polysaccharide, and optionally, unsaturated oil are disclosed. The invention polymer blends are both photodegradable and biodegradable.

Abstract: Aqueous coating compositions for applying to rubber articles comprising latex, an emulsifying agent, an inorganic fluoro-containing compound as a filler, which has a refractive index of from 1.32 to about 1.49, a thickening agent, and a compound which imparts mechanical stability to the composition. The composition is applied to the surface of rubber articles prior to molding to impart air venting and release properties thereto and to provide a clear, transparent coating thereon.

Abstract: Silated polysaccharides having 0.005 to 2.0 silyl molar substitution per anhydrosaccharide unit form water resistant films when cast from aqueous solution and dried in the presence of atmospheric carbon dioxide. These films are soluble in aqueous caustic. A preferred water soluble polymer is a cellulose ether with 0.005 to 1.0 silyl substitution.

Abstract: The present invention involves a method for separating biological molecules by subjection of said molecules to a separation system in a gel medium. The method most particularly involves the use of a gel slab suitable for such separations which is readily equilibrated with an appropriate solvent for the chosen separation system. An important aspect of the present invention involves the initial preparation of a gel slab comprising between about 0.5% and about 2.0% agarose and between about 1% and about 3.0% linear water-soluble and substantially nonionic polyacrylamide. A preferred gel slab of the present invention contains between about 1% and 3% agarose and about 3% linear, water-soluble, substantially nonionic polyacrylamide. The gel slabs of the present invention are preferably between about 1 mm and 0.5 mm in thickness.Said aged gel slab is then dried to produce a gel precursor sheet.

Abstract: This application discloses dimethyl ether propelled water based aerosol compositions. Classes of aqueous thickeners are described herein which are suitable for use in aqueous aerosol coating compositions. The thickeners lose their thickening capability in the presence of dimethyl ether which is the aerosol propellant employed, and thus allows a low enough temporary viscosity to afford suitable flow and breakup when dispensed in spray form from an aerosol dispenser. On evaporation of the dimethyl ether during the spraying process, enough of the dimethyl ether is lost to allow the thickener to regain its thickening capability. High gloss, thick film, aerosol paints can thus be achieved.

Abstract: Hydrocolloid adhesive compositions are disclosed comprising a rubbery elastomeric base having dispersed therein hydrocolloid particles, at least some of which are polycationic hydrocolloid particles. The compositions have enhanced resistance to breakdown by body fluids and are especially useful as wound dressings.

Abstract: A rubber composition for use in tire, particularly bead filler comprises 2.about.30 parts by weight of a particular modified novolak resin having a self-curability based on 100 parts by weight of rubber ingredient.

Abstract: A process for producing boron-containing ceramics such as boron carbide and boron nitride comprises pyrolyzing a blend of a precarbonaceous polymer such as polyacrylonitrile and a boron-containing polymer such as that formed by the reaction of a borane with a Lewis base. Pyrolyzation in an inert atmosphere yields boron carbide while pyrolyzation in a reactive gas burns away the precarbonaceous polymer and yields a ceramic comprising the reaction product of boron and the pyrolyzation gas. Boron nitride ceramics are formed by pyrolyzing the preceramic blend in ammonia.

Abstract: Organopolysiloxane compositions curable into elastomeric state even in the absence of atmospheric moisture, notably in a confined environment, and well adopted for the production of seals, include a ketiminoxy crosslinking agent and a natural or synthetic hydrogel hardening agent.

Abstract: Organopolysiloxane compositions curable into elastomeric state even in the absence of atmospheric moisture, notably in a confined environment, and well adopted for the production of seals, include an acyloxy crosslinking agent and a natural or synthetic hydrogel hardening agent.

Abstract: An acoustic coupling medium for transmitting ultrasound is disclosed. The medium, which is of use in ultrasonic visualization of the human body, comprises a sheet of hydrogel containing over 90% water, preferably over 95% water. The hydrogel preferably comprises agar, the chains of which are interspersed with chains of polyacrylamide.

Abstract: This invention provides cationic emulsions of bituminous binders of the bitumen/polymer type, formed by a dispersion of an organic phase of the binder in an aqueous phase containing a cationic nitrogenous emulsifier and a mineral or organic acid, the acid being in appropriate quantity so that the pH of the aqueous phase is comprised between 3 and 9. The aqueous phase also contains an agent consisting of at least one water-soluble sequestering salt of phosphonic acid, particularly a salt of alkaline metal or of amine of hydroxyalkyl-1,1-diphosphonic acid, and optionally a water-soluble thickening agent. To obtain the emulsions, which are usable for road applications, the emulsifying agent, the sequestering agent and optionally the thickening agent may be used in the form of a premixture containing the agents and called cationic emulsifying system.

Abstract: A copolymer of recurring units of at least one .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated monomer and recurring units of at least one copolymerizable comonomer comprising, in its preferred embodiment from about 20 to about 80 percent pendant carboxylic acid units and from about 80 to about 20 percent pendant carboxylate salt units, is blended with at least one disccharide or oligosaccharide to produce a water-absorbing composition upon curing. The composition is particularly suitable for fiber formation.

Abstract: Particulate novolac resins and aqueous dispersions are produced by condensing phenol with aldehyde using acid catalysis. Following neutralization, particulate novolac resin is formed by adding protective colloid to the aqueous mixture. Resin particle isolation can be aided by dephenolation.

Abstract: A solid flexible polymeric material is formed by solidifying a water-based latex which contains an inorganic filler. The filler is sand and this may be stabilized in the latex with xanthan gum. The solid material may be a foamed or non-foamed layer which may be used as integral carpet backing, as carpet underlay, or as an adhesive for bonding a reinforcing fabric to the back of carpeting.