Abstract: A latex copolymer composition is produced having good flame retardancy. The copolymer is typically made from vinylidene chloride monomers, conjugated diene monomers, vinyl substituted aromatic monomers, and functional monomers such as unsaturated mono or dicarboxylic acids. Through the use of flame retardant agents such as halogenated waxes, metallic salts, and the like, the pliability or softness, as well as the strength of the copolymer composition, can be controlled. Flexibilizing agents can optionally be utilized to abate cracking, especially after heat aging. The composition can optionally be pigmented. The flame retardant latex composition can be utilized as coatings on various substrates such as mats, fibers, and the like.

Abstract: A resin composition is suitable for molding to a gear and comprises 30 to 98 percent by weight of a resin being capable of the anisotropic phase in the molten state and the melt processing and 2 to 70 percent by weight of fibers such as metal fibers, carbon fibers, glass fibers, inorganic fibers, synthetic fibers and mineral fibers.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a vinyl copolymer resin is prepared by polymerizing 1 to 15 parts by weight of a polyoxyethylene-containing hydrophilic polymerizable vinyl monomer of which polyoxyethylene moiety has an average molecular weight of 2,000 to 10,000, 99 to 85 parts by weight of at least one specific polymerizable vinyl monomer and 0 to 5 parts by weight of alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acids, salts thereof or anhydrides thereof in an organic solvent, and dispersing the resulting vinyl copolymer resin solution in water.

Abstract: An aqueous base coating system consisting primarily of an emulsion of an extensible halogenated polymer and water insoluble fillers which release non-combustible gases on heating is provided for exterior application to combustible substrates. On drying of the coating system, the resultant coating is no longer redispersible by water. The dried coating is highly adherent to substrates such as wood and upon sustained combustion leaves a high percentage of non-combustible residue. A substantial degree of fire resistance is provided to ignition and spread of flame by 0.1 to 0.3 pounds of dried coating per square foot of the exposed combustible substrate.

Abstract: A method of regulating the coagulation characteristics of a binding agent aqueous dispersion which comprises adding thereto a compound of the formula ##STR1## in which R is an unsubstituted or hydroxy substituted alkyl or alkenyl radical,A is --O--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- or --O--CH.sub.2 --CHOH--CH.sub.2 --,p is zero or 1,X is ##STR2## wherein r is an integer and both R.sub.x 's are hydrogen or one is a methyl or an ethyl radical and the other is a hydrogen atom,Y and Z are, independently, R--(A).sub.p --, as defined above, or a group as represented by but independent of X,m is zero or an integer 1 to 5, andn is an integer 2 to 6, the compound containing at least one group of the type represented by X, and being in free base, acid addition salt or quaternary ammonium salt form.Such modified binder dispersions are advantageous for the production of non-woven fabrics.

Abstract: An adhesive composition, particularly useful for laminating carboxylate-containing films, comprises an aqueous dispersion of a film-forming vinylidene chloride copolymer wherein the vinylidene chloride copolymer includes on a comonomer weight basis:(a) from about 45 to about 90 percent vinylidene chloride,(b) from about 5 to about 25 percent of a polar comonomer having one or more hydroxyl groups, and(c) from about 0 to about 30 percent of a plasticizing monomer for vinylidene chloridein combination with:(d) a cross-linking agent for hydroxyl groups selected from the group consisting of dialdehydes having between two and ten carbon atoms and compounds containing methylol groups dissolved in the continuous aqueous phase of the vinylidene chloride copolymer.

Abstract: A method for laminating a substrate to an ionomer carboxylate-containing film by applying to the substrate as a coating an adhesive composition comprising an aqueous dispersion of a film-forming vinylidene chloride copolymer wherein the vinylidene chloride copolymer includes on a comonomer weight basis:(a) from about 45 to about 90 percent vinylidene chloride,(b) from about 5 to about 25 percent of a polar comonomer having one or more hydroxyl groups, and(c) a cross-linking agent dissolved in the continuous aqueous phase of the vinylidene chloride copolymer and forcefully engaging said ionomer film with said coating at a temperature sufficient to cause said ionomer film to adhere to said coated first substrate and form a laminated structure.

Abstract: Connected branch polyols comprising a core segment having a defined molecular weight, one core branch unit directly connected to each end of the core segment, at least one additional branch unit at each end connected directly or indirectly to each core branch unit, and linear polymer segments connected to the branch units are utilized in preparing a wide spectrum of polymer/polyols characterized by superior dispersion stability and viscosity to solids content relationship, the polymer/polyols in turn being employed to prepare polyurethanes having superior performance in flame retardancy tests.

Abstract: A vinyl chloride resin composition for production of hard articles. The composition comprises 100 parts by weight of a graft polymer and not more than 40 parts by weight of electrically conductive carbon black. The graft polymer is obtained by polymerizing 99 to 60% by weight of vinyl chloride or a monomeric mixture composed of at least 80% by weight of vinyl chloride and not more than 20% by weight of a monomer copolymerizable with it in the presence of 1 to 40% by weight of a copolymer composed of 5 to 75% by weight of methyl methacrylate and 95 to 25% by weight of ethylene.

Abstract: An adhesive composition, particularly useful for laminating carboxylate-containing films, comprises an aqueous dispersion of a film-forming vinylidene chloride copolymer wherein the vinylidene chloride copolymer includes on a comonomer weight basis:(a) from about 45 to about 90 percent vinylidene chloride,(b) from about 5 to about 25 percent of a polar comonomer having one or more hydroxyl groups, and(c) from about 0 to about 30 percent of a plasticizing monomer for vinylidene chloridein combination with:(d) a cross-linking agent dissolved in the continuous aqueous phase of the vinylidene chloride copolymer.

Abstract: Toner powder the particles of which are composed of thermoplastic resin, coloring material and possibly other additives such as magnetically attractable material comprises as the principal resin a thermoplastic polymer containing in its molecule one or more each of mutually immiscible crystalline and amorphous polymeric blocks, the crystalline blocks forming the continuous phase in the polymer and having a melting point between 45.degree. and 90.degree. C. and the amorphous blocks having a Tg at least 10.degree. C. above the melting point of the crystalline blocks. The toner powder is especially beneficial for use in a method of transferring and fixing powder images in which an image formed of the powder is softened by heating it on a medium having less surface adhesivity for the softened powder than has the image receiving material and the softened powder on this medium is brought into pressure-contact with substantially unheated image receiving material.

Abstract: A latex composition having utility in articles such as photographic elements is disclosed. The composition comprises loadable polymer particles having recurring units a, b and c wherein:component a is 10 to 100 weight percent of a tetrahydrofurfuryl monomer having the structure: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 represents O or NH; andR.sub.2 represents H or lower alkyl of about 1 to 6 carbon atoms;component b is 0 to 20 weight percent of a hydrophilic monomer andcomponent c is 0 to 90 weight percent of a hydrophobic monomer.

Abstract: Enhanced lubricating properties and good heat stability upon processing are imparted to thermoplastic materials such as polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resins by the incorporation therein of a polyglycerol ester of a C.sub.8 to C.sub.22 fatty acid. The ester is characterized by a degree of polymerization ranging from 2 to 8 and a degree of acid substitution ranging from 1 to 10.

Abstract: A low viscosity copolymer polyahl dispersion is prepared by polymerizing polymer particles in a polyahl medium, to a first solids concentration and thereafter diluting the dispersion to a second lower solids concentration. The resulting diluted dispersion has a lower viscosity than if the dispersion were prepared directly at the lower solids level. The invention has particular advantage when used with "all acrylonitrile" dispersions. The copolymer polyahl dispersions are useful in the manufacture of urethane and isocyanurate foams.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition prepared by adding, to a vinyl chloride resin composition or its homologous series resin composition, a glycerin ester represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represent each an acyl group or a hydrogen atom, said acyl group comprises one having 2 carbon atoms and one consisting mainly of those having 10 to 14 carbon atoms, the acyl group having 2 carbon atoms is present in an amount, on the average, of up to 2 mol per mol of glycerin, the acyl group consisting mainly of those having 10 to 14 carbon atoms are present in an amount, on the average, of at least 0.9 mol per mol of glycerin and the total amount of the acyl groups is, on the average, 2.7 to 3.0 mol per mole of glycerin.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive is prepared by blending (1) a small particle size latex having a hard monomer (such as styrene), a soft monomer (such as butadiene) and, optionally, an acid (such as itaconic acid), and (2) a tackifying resin. These adhesives have an excellent combination of properties including peel adhesion and shear adhesion.

Abstract: Improved stability is imparted to suspension and emulsion polymerized dry particulate vinylidene chloride resin by adding thereto a dispersion of an oil insoluble inorganic particulate stabilizing additive in a liquid plasticizer/stabilizer medium with sufficient mixing to ensure generally uniform distribution of the dispersion onto the resin particles. Optionally, a hindered phenol may be incorporated into the dispersion.

Abstract: Vinyl and vinylidene halide resins containing carboxyl or sulfonic acid functionalities can be formulated as stable, aqueous, colloidal dispersions by converting them to ionomers in a mixture of water-miscible base, water, organic water-miscible macromolecular compound, water-miscible organic solvent having an affinity for the resin and water-miscible organic co-solvent which is a poor solvent for the resins and a water-immiscible organic diluent, stripping the resultant colloidal dispersion to a total organic solvent content of about 0.2 to about 20% by volume and finally mixing the colloidal dispersion with an acrylic internally crosslinked rheology modifier.

Abstract: There is disclosed a net finishing process and composition for treating a net, such as a fishing net formed of synthetic material, to form a flexible film thereon. The net finishing composition is comprised of a low molecular weight, high acetate content, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, a monomeric plasticizer and a polymeric plasticizer dissolved in a solvent system.

Abstract: Polymer compositions are disclosed that contain finely-divided additives of sulfate glasses and sulfate glass-ceramic materials comprised of potassium sulfate and zinc sulfate as smoke retardant additives. Glass sulfates and glass-ceramic materials comprised of potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate and sodium sulfate produce results superior to those obtained using the potassium sulfate-zinc sulfate binary system. The inclusion of a transition metal sulfate as a component of the sulfate glass or sulfate glass-ceramic material also produces superior results over those resulting from use of the potassium sulfate-zinc sulfate binary glasses and glass-ceramic materials.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing extruded films from film-forming polymeric compositions based on vinylidene chloride copolymers and containing one or more inorganic particulate additives and to the films so prepared. The improvement comprises first preparing a preblend of the inorganic particulate additives and an alkali metal salt of an alkylaryl sulfonic acid and, then making an admixture of the preblend and the vinylidene chloride copolymers. The admixture so prepared is then formed into an extruded film by conventional techniques.