Abstract: Phenolsulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates are used as assistants in the drying of aqueous polymer dispersions.Also described are a process for preparing polymer powders by drying, using these condensates; the polymer powders obtainable by the process; and their use as binders.

Abstract: An additive for, a method of adding thereof to uncured mixes for and resulting cured cement-type concreations such as cured embodiments of concrete, marcadam, and roof-top shingles each exhibiting improved heat and freeze-thaw durability resulting from reduced efflorescence and stability against sun ultraviolet light exposure.

Abstract: A water soluble chemical composition for use as a soil stabilizer, conditer and structuring agent includes a dispersing agent such as a polyanionic sulfonated urea-melamine formaldehyde condensate, an aggregating agent such as a non-ionic water soluble urea-formaldehyde condensate having relative weight average molecular weights between 400 to 10,000 and polydispersity between 2.5 to 10, and a basic salt like di-sodium tetra borate and/or a neutral salt like sodium chloride and a nitrogen potassium or phosphorous containing compound such as potassium nitrate, phosphoric acid, potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate and the like, wherein the ratio of urea-formaldehyde to sulfonated urea-melamine-formaldehyde is between 0.2:1 to 2.0:1 and the final solid contents of this composition is between 1-15%. These compositions are then sprayed on top of sand or soil with conventional equipment and will impart significant improvements in their mechanical properties and their erosion resistance to water and wind.

Abstract: The invention concerns a MDF cement material showing better impact strength meant as an increase in the breaking total energy, by fibers addition.

Abstract: The bonding between concrete and fibers is enhanced by using a fiber coating material selected from certain glycol ethers, having at least three carbon atoms in an oxyalkylene group, and glycerol ethers. The present invention pertains to such coated fibers, a method for modifying a concrete using the coated fibers, and a cementitious composition containing the coated fibers.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to a gypsum composition having improved setting and strength characteristics. More specifically, this invention relates to a gypsum composition comprising an acrylic latex and an aliphatic alcohol wherein the composition has a retarded setting rate. This gypsum composition may further comprise a melamine-formaldehyde polymer and/or a styrene butadiene latex. This invention further relates to an artificial marble gypsum composition.

Abstract: Densified particles of friction ingredients which include an uncured mix of friction ingredients with a thermosetting binder resin and an effective amount of a liquid coreactive with the resin which maintains the temperature during particle formation below the curing temperature of the resin can be used to make friction elements. Methods of forming friction elements from the particles and friction elements made from the particles also are described.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for water-proofing gypsum materials which comprises adding, to a pulverulent gypsum plaster composition containing from 10 to 90% by weight of gypsum based on the total weight of the composition, a mixture ofa) from 1.0 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of one or more dispersion powders redispersible in water and based on vinyl acetate copolymers with ethylene and/or vinyl esters of C.sub.5 -C.sub.15 -monocarboxylic acids, styrene copolymers with acrylic esters of alcohols having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, vinyl chloride copolymers with ethylene and/or vinyl esters of C.sub.2 -C.sub.15 monocarboxylic acids, andb) from 0.05 to 5.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of one or more thixotropic additives from the group consisting of polyacrylic acids and their salts, smectites, bentonites, carboxymethylcelluloses and melamine-formaldehyde condensates.

Abstract: The interlayer adhesion and final strength of cementitious compositions which are applied in consecutive layers are improved by the incorporation in the compositions of an admixture which is a combination of a waterproofing agent and a water retention agent. The invention is particularly applicable to sprayed concrete.

Abstract: A water soluble chemical composition for use as a soil stabilizer, conditer and structuring agent includes a dispersing agent such as a polyanionic sulfonated urea-melamine formaldehyde condensate, an aggregating agent such as a non-ionic water soluble urea-formaldehyde condensate having relative weight average molecular weights between 400 to 10,000 and polydispersity between 2.5 to 10, and a basic salt like di-sodium tetra borate and/or a neutral salt like sodium chloride and a nitrogen potassium or phosphorous containing compound such as potassium nitrate, phosphoric acid, potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate and the like, wherein the ratio of urea-formaldehyde to sulfonated urea-melamine-formaldehyde is between 0.2:1 to 2.0:1 and the final solid contents of this composition is between 1-15%. These compositions are then sprayed on top of sand or soil with conventional equipment and will impart significant improvements in their mechanical properties and their erosion resistance to water and wind.

Abstract: Cement comprising hydraulic cement and polymer precursor such as alcohol-soluble phenol resin precursor that is substantially anhydrous and generates water by polymerization.

Abstract: When a cement dispersant comprising a polymer which is obtained by co-condensating monomers comprising monomer (A) and monomer (B) with formaldehyde, or a salt obtained by neutralizing the polymer, wherein the monomer (A) is an aromatic compound having, on the average, 1 to 300 mol per molecule of at least one member selected from the group consisting of oxyethylene group and oxypropylene group, and the monomer (B) is an aromatic compound having a carboxyl group; or another cement dispersant comprising a polymer which is obtained by co-condensating monomers comprising the above-described monomer (A), the above-described monomer (B) and monomer (C) which is an aromatic compound having a sulfonic acid group with formaldehyde, or a salt obtained by neutralizing the polymer is used as one component of a hydraulic composition, the fluidity of the hydraulic composition is maintained for a long time. Therefore, no trouble on transportation is caused during the force feeding of the hydraulic composition with a pump.

Abstract: Cement comprising hydraulic cement and polymer precursor such as alcohol-soluble phenol resin precursor that is substantially anhydrous and generates water by polymerization.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new, chemically crosslinked PVA. Its application is that of a fluid loss control agent in fluids used in the oil industry, in particular cement slurries, separating fluids, or "spacers", and drilling muds. Its advantages are that it does not delay the setting of the cement, that it has high temperature properties that are relatively insensitive to external conditions.

Abstract: The invention provides a redispersibte dispersion powder composition comprisinga) a base polymer selected from the group consisting of vinyl ester polymers, styrene polymres, acrylate polymers and vinyl chloride polymers,b) from 2 to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the base polymer, of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis of from 85 to 95 mol % and a Hoppler viscosity of from 2 to 25 mPa.s,c) from 3 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of polymeric components, of fine antiblocking agent, andd) from 1 to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the base polymer, of an aminofunctional polyvinyl alcohol soluble in cold water and having a Hoppler viscosity of from 1 to 20 mPa.s and a saponification number of from 0 to 250, which comprises residues of aminofunctional vinyl units of the formula CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.x --NH.sub.2, wherein x is a number of from 0 to 4.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flow improving agent for binder suspensions containing cement which is composed of a) amino-s-triazine-formaldehyde-sulfite condensation products having a molar ratio of amino-s-triazine:formaldehyde:sulfite of 1:1.3 to 6.0: 0.3 to 1.5 and a low content of free formaldehye as well as b) casein. The flow improving agents have the advantage that the flowability is considerably improved compared to casein (alone) for example and the increased flowability remains constant even over a longer time period.

Abstract: A room temperature setting carbonaceous cement comprising a solid carbonaceous material, a catalyst, a liquid carbonizable component, and copper particles, which when treated with the catalyst will provide a carbon yield of at least 40% for the liquid component at an elevated baking temperature and possess increased flexural strength at elevated temperatures and reduced electrical resistance.

Abstract: A cement admixture which when added to a cement composition, such as cement mortar or concrete inhibits slump-loss of the cement composition and improve its workability and applicability. The admixture is composed of copolymers from an alkenyl ether, a polyalkenyl ether and maleic anhydride.

Abstract: The present invention provides set retarding additives, set retarded hydraulic cement compositions including such additives and methods of using the cement compositions for cementing zones in wells. The set retarding additives are graft copolymers or terpolymers comprised of the condensation polymer product of a ketone, aldehyde and a compound which introduces acid groups into the polymer having grafted thereto a monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, vinyl phosphonic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid and itaconic acid or one of the foregoing monomers and a second monomer of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid.

Abstract: A joint for rigidly and fixedly connecting in end-to-end relationship electrodes of graphite or carbon, whose ends comprise a socket with an internal screwthread into which is screwed a connector with a double screwthread or nipple which is pierced with holes acting as reservoirs containing a solid and electrically conductive cement characterised in that at least one of said reservoirs is filled with a synthetic cement formed by a thermosetting resin which in the presence of a catalyst melts at a temperature of higher than 60.degree. C. to form a liquid phase of a viscosity of lower than 2500 centipoises at between 90.degree. C. and 120.degree. C. and polymerise at a temperature higher than or equal to 120.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flowability improving agent comprising a combination, calculated on a dry product, of: A) 60-99% by weight of a sulphonated melamine-formaldehyde resin, a sulphonated melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin or a sulphonated naphthalene-formaldehyde resin; C) 0.5-40% by weight of a boron containing polyhydroxycarboxylic acid or a water-soluble salt of such an acid and optionally D) 0.5-30% by weight of a compound with formulaAr O--(R.sub.1).sub.n --R.sub.2where Ar is unsubstituted or substituted benzene moiety or naphthalene moiety, R.sub.1 is an oxyethylene group; --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O--or an oxypropylene group; ##STR1## an oxyethylene chain or an oxypropylene chain with up to fifteen oxyethylene groups or oxypropylene groups or a combination of oxyethylene groups and oxypropylene groups to a chain where the sum of these groups is at most fifteen; the mean value n for n is 1-15 and R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a phosphonate group with the formula ##STR2## where M.sub.1 and M.sub.

Abstract: Emulsion copolymers, for use as urea formaldehyde resin modifiers, are formed from vinyl chloride monomers, softening monomers, and functional monomers. The copolymer when blended with formaldehyde resins and used as a binder yields improved wet and dry tensile strength and better tear resistance. These binders are particularly useful as glass mat binders for the production of roofing shingles.

Abstract: An oil and gas well cementing composition has styrene/butadiene latex and a combination of nonionic and anionic surfactants for improved physical properties, especially fluid loss.

Abstract: An oil and gas well cementing composition has styrene/butadiene latex and a combination of nonionic and anionic surfactants for improved physical properties, especially fluid loss.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aminoarylsulfonic acid-phenol-formaldehyde condensate useful for incorporation into cementing compositions, for example, mortar, cement paste and the like, for improving slumping characteristics.

Abstract: Novel condensates comprising bisphenols and aromatic aminosulfonic acids, in particular, novel 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid-2,2-bis (hydroxyphenyl)propaneformaldehyde condensates, and methods for their production are disclosed. The novel condensates are useful as a dispersant for disperse dyes, an additive for carbonaceous fine powder-water slurries and as a water reducing agent for cement.

Abstract: A modified mortar or concrete composition in which a polymeric binding material is combined with sand, cement, and fine fillers. Use of the higher than previously considered functional ratio of latex binding material to cement permits the resulting mortar or concrete composition to increase the percentage of fine fillers, and reduces the amount of voids as a result of less water loss. The latex material partially fills the voids becoming a part of the structure of the system. This leads to a higher degree of flexibility and coherence of the system.

Abstract: The dispersant composed of a water-soluble salt of either a copolymer of a component in naphtha oil and maleic anhydride or a partial esterification product of said copolymer has improved dispersing ability and the dispersion containing this dispersant will experience only small changes with time.The cement admixture which is a salt of a copolymer of a component in naphtha oil and an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride or which has further contains a salt of the product of condensation between formaldehyde and a sulfonated aromatic hydrocarbon containing oil is an effective plasticizer and the cement mix incorporating this admixture has a satisfactory initial flow and will experience only small decrease in flowability over time.

Abstract: Premoulding materials having long-term controllable B-stage characteristic, comprising phenol resins, optionally with reagents, additives and adjuvants, are characterized in that they contain hydraulic binder and/or its components as well as an agent that reduces the alkalinity and optionally the content of free metal ions. For its preparation, 1 part by wt. phenol resin is mixed with less than 4 parts by wt. of a hydraulic binder and/or its components as well as less than 0.2 equivalent parts by weight of the agent. The phenol resin premoulding materials according to the invention thicken quickly to a desired B-stage, are capable of maintaining the attained plateau, and thus allow the manufacture of heat-curable composites of desired rheology and reactivity.

Abstract: A hydraulic cement admixture capable of enhancing the latter stage set strength of the cured composition comprising certain mono- and disubstituted (dialkanolaminomethyl) phenols.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aminoarylsulfonic acid-phenol-formaldehyde condensate and concrete admixture comprising the same for incorporation in cementing compositions, for example, mortar, cement paste and the like, for improving slumping characteristics.

Abstract: A latex modified mortar or concrete material in which a polymeric or latex binding material is combined with a low shrinkage (gypsum) cement and fine fillers. Use of the low shrinkage cement and a higher than previously considered functional ratio of latex binding material to low shrinkage cement permits the resulting patching composition to obtain unexpectedly good adhesion, reduced cracking tendencies, dimensional stability, and flexibility required while maintaining enhanced strength properties. The polymeric binding material may be either an elastomeric or a thermoplastic latex.

Abstract: A fire retardant composition and method wherein the composition includes 30 to 75% of an inert mineral filler selected from perlite and vermiculite, 10 to 40% by weight of glass fibers having a diameter in the range of about 10 to about 15 microns and lengths under 1" and from 3 to 15% by weight of binder which is a mixture of an alkali metal silicate and a curable phenolic resin, at least one of which is present in dry form.

Abstract: Coloring materials used in a process of dyeing concrete consist of pigment granules other than compacted or briquetted granules. The granules consist of one or more pigments, one or more binders for promoting the dispersing of the pigments in the concrete, and optional other additives. Such pigment granules, particularly bead granules, will easily dissolve in the concrete mixer and will be homogeneously dispersed in the concrete.

Abstract: A highly stable melamine-formaldehyde condensate solution for use as superplasticizer additives for cement or the like is produced by condensing melamine and formaldehyde in an aqueous medium, sulfonating the melamine-formaldehyde condensate, further condensing and stabilizing the aqueous sulfonated melamine-formaldehyde condensate solution.

Abstract: Thermally stable water soluble resins are prepared in a multistep process by reacting the waste solids from the mother liquor waste stream of a melamine manufacturing plant with an aldehyde and a sulfonating agent under controlled conditions of pH and temperature. The resin compositions are useful, for example, as superplasticizing agents for concrete admixtures, as mud drilling additives, and in the paper and textile industry. The process not only provides useful resin compositions, but also recovers solid wastes which are considered to be a major contributor to the pollution problems of melamine manufacturing plants.

Abstract: The invention relates to an additive adapted to suppress free water in conditions of "over-dispersion" of the cement when cementing an oil well. This additive is selected from cerain metal soluble salts such as Mg, Ni, etc. This additive modifies neither the other properties of the slurry (in particular setting time) nor the action of other additives (in particular of retarders).

Abstract: An uncured cementitious composition comprising in admixture:(a) at least one hydraulic cement;(b) at least one reactive water-soluble polymer which is capable of providing a viscous solution in water at low addition levels;(c) water in an amount of from 10 to 25 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of the cement; and(d) a water soluble cross-linking agent capable of effecting chemical cross-links between molecules of the said polymer in the presence of the cement and water.

Abstract: The cement compositions according to the invention are designed for cementing wells, in particular oil and gas or geothermal wells, and for withstanding very high temperatures.A combination of styrene-butadiene latex and a polyoxyethylenated nonylphenol stabilizer of this latex is provided. Cement sets at a right angle and gas migration in the annulus is prevented.

Abstract: A soldified and particulated resin and a substantially solidified-state-maintained water are mixed with cement and after the mixing is finished, the solidified resin and water are liquefied and the cement is hydrated with the liquefied water. Since the resin maintains the solidified and particulated state and the water also maintains the solidified state during mixing, the mixing work of cement, water and resin is uniformly performed.

Abstract: A flowing concrete and a process of producing the same. A cement, water, aggregates, a superplasticizer and a segregation-controlling agent are kneaded into a base concrete having a water-cement ratio of about 35% or less, the segregation-controlling agent contained in an amount of about 0.02 to about 0.1 wt. %, based on the water and including a methylcellulose compound, and the superplasticizer contained in an amount of about 0.25 to about 0.6 wt. % based on the cement. Then, about 0.25 to about 0.6 wt. %, in terms of the solid, of a flowing agent based on the cement is added to the base concrete, the flowing agent including a sulfonic acid/formaldehyde high condensate and a polyvinyl alcohol. Further, the base concrete with the flowing agent is kneaded into the flowing concrete.

Abstract: A lightweight cement slurry composition having a density in the range of 1.2 to 1.6, containing a solid extender agent and an SBR latex. The ratio of the liquid volume to the slurry volume should be less than 70% and preferably less than 63%. The lightweight slurry then presents a most attractive set of properties which could not be obtained previously, and in particular gas channelling is controlled.

Abstract: Stable, water soluble, sulfonated melamine-formaldehyde and sulfonated melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin solutions are prepared in a four stage procedure, wherein (1) melamine or melamine and urea are condensed with formaldehyde in an aqueous medium at a relative low temperature and a pH of 10-13, followed by (2) the addition of a sulfonating agent, such as sodium metabisulfite, and continued reaction without pH adjustment, followed by (3) lowering the temperature of the reaction medium to 40.degree.-60.degree. C., adjusting the pH to 2.5-4 and continuing the reaction for about 5-150 minutes, and finally followed by (4) adjusting the pH to 6.5-9, heating the reaction medium to 70.degree.-100.degree. C. for 30-180 minutes, adjusting the final solids content to a predetermined value, such as 20%, and adjusting the pH to 8-11. The resulting aqueous solutions are suitable for use as superplasticizer additives to hydraulically settable cementitious materials.

Abstract: When a cement-based mixture such as cement paste, mortar and concrete is admixed with the inventive cement additive composition, the cement-based mixture is imparted with lastingly improved flowability and hence workability. The cement additive composition of the invention comprises (a) 100 parts by weight of a saponified product of (a half ester of) a copolymer of styrene and maleic acid and (b) from 5 to 900 parts by weight of a flowability improving agent such as a salt of a condensation product of naphthalene sulfonic acid with formaldehyde, salt of a condensation product of an alkylnaphthalene sulfonic acid with formaldehyde, salt of a condensation product of a sulfonated creosote oil with formaldehyde and the like.

Abstract: Cement mix, particularly concrete mixes, for high compressive strength including early compressive strength, have extended workability without substantial loss in rate of hardening when containing an admixture combination of a sulfonated naphthalene-formaldehyde condensated and fractionated sulfonated lignin, such as ultrafiltered lignosulfonate.

Abstract: This invention provides a cement admixture comprising a copolymer of an olefin having 2 to 8 carbon atoms with an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride and a cement admixture comprising the copolymer and a water-reducing agent.The cement admixture of this invention can prevent the lowering of the fluidity, or slump loss of a hydraulic cement mix such as concrete, mortar, or paste with the lapse of time and provide improved applicability and workability.

Abstract: Polyvinyl butyral with a degree of acetalization of at least 75% is added to a dental cement on basis of calcium hydroxide and salicyclic esters of aliphatic alcohols. By this additive improved water resistance and increased compressive strength upon hardening are imparted to the dental cement. The obtained dental cement furthermore has strongly alkaline pH value, so that an effective protection of the pulp can be achieved and formation of a secondary dentin layer is stimulated. In the common formulation of the materials for the dental cement in form of two separate mixing components the polyvinyl butyral can be added either to the mixing component containing the salicylic acid ester or to the mixing component containing the calcium hydroxide, or also to both components.

Abstract: The invention relates to cement compositions for cementing wells, which allow pressure gas-channeling to be effectively controlled up to more than about 485.degree. F. The cement composition contains a styrene-butadiene latex and a stabilizer. The film of latex interrupts gas-channeling after an extremely brief path.

Abstract: Fluidizing agents for hydraulic bonding materials such as, for example, concrete, cements, anhydrites, plasters, limes, or others. The fluidizing agents comprise the water soluble condensation reaction products of aminosulfonic acids, having one or more aromatic nuclei, or a mixture thereof; polyamino products including polyamino acids, polyamides, or polythioamides, or their mono- or polymethylol derivatives, and polyamino derivatives of triazine; and formaldehyde or compounds which generate formaldehyde under reaction conditions. The water soluble fluidizing agents permit a reduction of the quantity of water required for mixing the bonding materials and provide an increased mechanical resistance thereto. The invention includes the bonding materials containing the fluidizing agent, the method of using the fluidizing agents in bonding materials, and method of forming the bonding materials.

Abstract: Highly concentrated aqueous solutions of low viscosity of melamine/aldehyde resins are obtained by reacting to a precondensate in a first step melamine and an aldehyde in an alkaline medium and in the presence of water together with at least one compound (I), selected from the group, consisting of an alkali sulfite, an alkaline earth sulfite, an amino sulfonic acid, an amino carboxylic acid, a hydroxycarboxylic acid, a hydroxycarboxylic acid lactone, and a polyhydroxy carboxylic acid lactone, reacting then the thus obtained mixture in a second step with at least one compound (II), selected from the group, consisting of an amino carboxylic acid, a carboxylic acid, a hydroxy carboxylic acid, a hydroxy carboxylic acid lactone, a sulfamic acid, an amino sulfonic acid, a polyhydroxy carboxylic acid and a polyhydroxy carboxylic acid lactone, and then making alkaline the obtained resin solution by adding at least one basic compound (III).