Abstract: A method for manufacturing a polyimide-metal laminate including forming a polyimide film, in which at least surfaces of both sides of the film are formed by thermally fusion-bondable polyimide layers (a), and thermal compression-bonding metal layers on both sides of the polyimide film; in which forming the polyimide film includes reacting a tetracarboxylic dianhydride component with a diamine component containing a diamine compound represented by general formula (1) to give a solution of a polyamic acid (a), forming a self-supporting film from the solution of the polyamic acid (a) and imidizing the self-supporting film by heating at a maximum heating temperature of 440° C. or lower to form the polyimide layer (a); in which R1 represents hydrogen or alkyl or aryl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and R2 represents hydrogen or alkyl or aryl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A phosphorous flame retardant primarily includes hexachlorotriphosphazene (HCP) having poly(oxyalkylene)amine substitutes. The poly(oxyalkylene)amine includes at least two end groups. The phosphorous flame retardant can further include layered silicate clay. The layered silicate clay can be intercalated and modified with the poly(oxyalkylene)amine substitutes of HCP to effectively promote thermal stability. The flame retardant, phosphazene-poly(oxyalkylene)amine adducts, can be applied to a polymer. By the cross-linking between them, the flame-retarding property of the polymer can be improved. Also provided is a method for producing the flame retardant of phosphazene-poly(oxyalkylene)amine adducts and application thereof to a polymer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to surface functionalization of polymeric fibers. Surface biofunctionalization is achieved by covalent conjugation of biofunctional igands and/or cell growth factors that are crucial for cell attachment, proliferation and functions. Biofunctional fibers could be fabricated into three-dimensional scaffolds. Polymer fibers described here comprise of biocompatible polymers that are either biodegradable ornon-biodegradable. This patent also describes a series of new biodegradable polyphosphoramidates for the processing of biodegradable fibers. Scaffolds made of non-biodegradable functional fibers could be used for in vitro cell culture (for example, ex vivo cell expansion), while biodegradable functional fibers could be fabricated into tissue engineering scaffolds.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a series of new polycationic biodegradable polyphosphoramidates. Process for making the polymers, compositions containing these polymers and bioactive ligands to enhance the cellular uptake ad intracellular trafficking, articles and methods for delivery of drugs and genes using these polymers are described. A gene delivery system based on these polymers is prepared by complex coacervation of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) with polymers. Targeting ligands and molecules that could facilitate gene transfer can be conjugated to polymers to achieve selective and enhanced gene delivery. The current invention also provides a complex composition with buffering capacity.

Abstract: A novel polymerization catalyst for polyesters, which does not contain any germanium or antimony compound as the main component; polyesters produced with the catalyst; and a process for producing polyesters. This polymerization catalyst is excellent in catalytic activity, little causes thermal degradation of polyesters in melt molding even when neither deactivated nor removed, and can give thermally stable polyesters which little generate foreign matter and are excellent in transparency and color. The polymerization catalyst is one which contains as the first metal-containing component at least one member selected from the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum compounds and which gives polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a thermal stability parameter (TS) satisfying the relationship: (1) TS<0.3.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition of the present invention contains a (A) soluble polyimide and a (b) (meth)acrylic compound, the (A) soluble polyimide being soluble in an organic solvent and being synthesized by using an acid dianhydride component and at least one of a diamine component containing a siloxane structure or an aromatic ring structure, and a diamine component having, in its structure, a hydroxyl group a carboxyl group or a carbonyl group, and the (B) (meth)acrylic compound having at least one carbon-carbon double bond, and preferably contains at least one of a (C) photo reaction initiator and a (D) fire retardant. With this arrangement, the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is capable of having excellent properties. Especially, the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is so excellently useful that it can be used for electronic parts and the like.

Abstract: A salt useful as an active species in an organic reaction and represented by the following chemical formula (1): wherein n stands for an integer of from 1 to 8, Zn? represents an n-valent anion of an active hydrogen compound, a, b, c and d each stands for a positive integer, and Rs represent the same or different hydrocarbon groups. In addition, a simple and efficient process is provided for producing a poly(alkylene oxide) by polymerizing an alkylene oxide compound in the presence of the salt represented by the chemical formula (1).

Abstract: This invention provides a halogen-free flame retardant which advantageously has a high melting point and a low volatility and does not impair the inherent properties of resins. The flame retardant of the invention is a phosphazene compound crosslinked with a crosslinking group such as a phenylene group, wherein each of the crosslinking groups is interposed between the two oxygen groups left after the elimination of phenyl groups from the phosphazene compound; the crosslinked phenoxyphosphazene compound does not have any free hydroxyl groups (derived from crosslinking groups); and the amount of the phenyl groups in the crosslinked compound is 50 to 99.9%, based on the total number of the phenyl groups in the phosphazene compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cyclic phosphazene azides and their use in a process for producing a rheology modified polymer which comprises contacting a polymer with a cyclic phosphazene azide at a temperature which is at least the decomposition temperature of the cyclic phosphazene azide. When the cyclic phosphazene azide reacts with the polymer, at least two separate polymer chains are advantageously joined and the molecular weight of the polymer chain is increased.

Abstract: Hydrophilic cationic copolymers of acrylamide are prepared as dispersions in a salt media. These polymers have high molecular weights and are readily activated by diluting in water. These polymers are useful flocculants for such applications as sludge dewatering, raw water clarification aids, emulsion breakers and waste water clarification aids.

Abstract: The present invention discloses chip (die) bond adhesive formulations preferably comprising a siloxane containing epoxide preferably a diglycidyl ether derivative, an anhydride curing additive which is soluble in the epoxide without the use of a solvent, and, optionally comprising, and oligomeric/polymeric co-additive of the type poly(alkylacrylate or -methacrylate), in conjunction with thermal and electrically conductive fillers and conventional co-catalysts used for curing epoxy systems to provide reworkable epoxy adhesives. Also disclosed are adhesive formulations comprising a siloxane containing epoxide and a hydroxybenzophenone curing additive which is soluble in the epoxide without the use of a solvent. The chips can be bonded to the substrate by conventional heating and curing techniques. With epoxy adhesive compositions comprising polyacrylate additives, the die bonded assembly can be reworked by heating the assembly to about 180.degree. C. to 250.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed are flame retardant organosilicon compositions, wherein the organosilicon compositions comprise residues derived from (a) polycyclic polyene compounds and (b) residues derived from cyclic polysiloxanes, tetrahedral siloxysilanes and linear poly(organohydrosiloxane)s. Preferably the compositions contain flame retardants, such as a phosphorus containing or halogen containing flame retardant, which may be microencapsulated. Also disclosed are processes for making such compositions and articles made from such compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed are flame retardant organosilicon compositions, wherein the organosilicon compositions comprise residues derived from (a) polycyclic polyene compounds and (b) residues derived from cyclic polysiloxanes, tetrahedral siloxysilanes and linear poly(organohydrosilioxane)s. Preferably the compositions contain flame retardants, such as a phosphorus containing or halogen containing flame retardant, which may be microencapsulated. Also disclosed are processes for making such compositions and articles made from such compositions.

Abstract: Solution and RIM polymerization of cycloolefins containing at least one norbornene moiety is carried out in the presence of a methathesis catalyst system and an activator, particularly a chlorosilane activator, to obtain faster reaction with higher conversions at lower mold temperatures. The methathesis catalyst system includes an organoammonium molybdate or tungstate catalyst and an alkylaluminum or an alkylaluminum halide cocatalyst. The chlorosilane activator is used at a level of 0.05 to 10 millimoles per mole of the cycloolefin monomers. The polymers of cycloolefins can be impact modified and/or flame-retarded.

Abstract: In the manufacture of synthetic foams and also especially in that of timber materials using urea-formaldehyde condensate binders, the mol ratio between urea and formaldehyde is decisive for the resultant final rigidity and the presence of free gaseous formaldehyde. In order, with a favourable mol ratio, to reduce the quantity of gaseous formaldehyde remaining in the timber material and at the same time to obtain effective fire resistance in both synthetic foams and timber materials adhesively secured with isocyanate, the invention proposes a combination of effective substances to be added to the initial raw materials as a granulate with a grain size of 80 to 1,500 my.

Abstract: Disclosed are flame retardant organosilicon compositions, wherein the organosilicon compositions comprise residues derived from (a) polycyclic polyene compounds and (b) residues derived from cyclic polysiloxanes, tetrahedral siloxysilanes and linear poly(organohydrosiloxane)s. Preferably the compositions contain flame retardants, such as a phosphorus containing or halogen containing flame retardant, which may be microencapsulated. Also disclosed are processes for making such compositions and articles made from such compositions.

Abstract: A dope for forming elastic polyurethane articles is prepared by using a polyol, a diisocyanate and a diamine. A solvent and a terminating agent comprising a secondary monoamine and a ketoimineamine and/or an aldoimine-amine may also be employed.

Abstract: The invention is a polyester and a method for producing a polyester fiber which has a combination of flame resistance and low pilling properties. The method comprises forming a polyester fiber made from a blend of two polyester polymers, one polyester polymer containing an oxysilicon compound and the second polyester polymer containing pentaerythritol and a phosphinic acid in the amount between 0.5 and 20 mole percent of the terephthalate acid and monomer. In particular, the invention also comprises the enhanced fiber formed by the process, as well as the fabrics having a pilling of about 3 to less than 5 as measured in accordance with ASTM D-3512-82.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a silicon polyimide precursor composition which has a viscosity suitable for the formation of films by application or another mean and which is capable of forming hard and tough films having excellent heat resistance, low coefficient of thermal expansion and strong adhesive force by heating the films, the above-mentioned films being formed by the chemical bond between silicon and polyimide. Another feature of the present invention is directed to a method for preparing a crosslinked/cured material of the aforesaid silicon polyimide precursor composition.That is, the present invention is connected with a soluble silicon polyimide precursor composition which comprises 0.5 to 40% by weight of a silicon polyimide precursor represented by the following formula (I) on another precursor obtained by imidizing the compound represented by the formula (I) and having a logarithmic viscosity number of 0.05 to 5 dl/g, 0.

Abstract: A process for forming random copolymers which comprises forming a polymer melt containing one or more polyamides and one or more acidic or basic inorganic materials, such as ammonium bisulfate, ammonium biphosphate and sodium biphosphate; and heating said melt for a period of time sufficient to form the desired amount of the copolymer. The random copolymers may be fabricated into films or other products which have desirable properties, and can be useful in making injection molded or extruded products of improved properties.

Abstract: Poly(dicyclopentadiene) made with an olefin metathesis catalyst system by a Reaction Injection Molding process is improved by adding flame retardant compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of beads of copolymers bearing reactive groups, by polymerization in suspension in a non-aqueous medium. According to the invention a free radical polymerization is effected of at least two unsaturated monomers, of which one is the carrier of a reactive group such as acid chloride, alkyl chloride, alkyl dithiobenzoate or carboxyalkyl, in a medium composed of two emulsified, immiscible organic liquids, to form beads of chemically reactive copolymers.

Abstract: The present invention comprises an acrylic adhesive composition having improved stability comprising polymerizable acrylic monomers in combination with polymerization initiators therefor; the improvement further comprises incorporating in the homogenous mixture of acrylic monomers and an initiator, including other substances to augment its performance as an adhesive,an effective amount of an inhibitor, being hydroquinone, and an effective amount of accelerator, being alpha amino phosphonic acid, or an alkali metal salt thereof.

Abstract: A polyester composition with an excellent high-speed melt-spinning property, comprising(A) 100 parts by weight of a matrix polyester resin comprising at least 80 molar % of an ethylene terephthalate recurring unit, and(B) 0.2 to 7 parts by weight of a dispersoid dispersed in the matrix,the dispersoid being such that, when it is contained in a predetermined amount (w) in a typical matrix polyester resin consisting of a polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.640, the resultant exemplary polyester composition satisfies the relationship (I): ##EQU1## wherein: .gamma..sub.1 =shearing rate of 0.01 sec.sup.-1 ; .gamma..sub.2 =shearing rate of 5.0 sec.sup.-1 ; .eta..gamma..sub.1 (w)=melt viscosity (poise=1/10 N.multidot.sec.multidot.m.sup.-2) of the exemplary polyester composition at .gamma..sub.1 ; .eta..gamma..sub.1 (0)=melt viscosity of matrix polyester resin at .gamma..sub.1 ; .eta..gamma..sub.2 (w)=melt viscosity of the exemplary polyester composition at .gamma..sub.2 ; and .eta..gamma..

Abstract: An adhesive composition comprising an alpha-cyanoacrylate monomer and a phosphazene compound incorporated therein and improved in storage stability without deterioration of the adhesion rate and the adhesive strength.

Abstract: A flame-retarded speaker diaphragm is prepared by making a cone from cellulose fibers, impregnating the cellulosic cone with a solution of a trimethylol melamine monomer, an organic phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing compound, and a trialkyl amine catalyst in an alcohol solvent, and heating the impregnated cone until the solvent is removed and the melamine resin is cured. Flame retardancy is imparted to the cellulose cone-shaped diaphragm without the sacrifice of its frequency response.

Abstract: A water soluble composition including an amine or ammonium salt of a polyimide precursor which is obtained by the reaction steps of: reacting a tetracarboxylic compound and a diamine in about equimolar amounts in a water miscible organic solvent to obtain the polyimide precursor; and reacting the polyimide precursor with ammonia, or an aqueous solution of ammonia, or a primary or secondary aliphatic amine in an amount sufficient to neutralize the free carboxyl groups of the polyimide precursor.A process of coating and a substrate are also disclosed.

Abstract: An aromatic and/or heterocyclic polyamide-amide type polar solvent composition is prepared by prepolymerizing an aromatic or heterocyclic diamine with an aromatic or heterocyclic or heterocyclic dicarboxylic acid chloride in a smaller molar equivalent than that of the diamine to prepare a prepolymer solution having a solution viscosity of 20 poise or less; by removing a by-product, hydrochloric acid, from the resultant prepolymer solution by neutralizing it with ammonia to such an extent that the pH of a mixture of 10 g of the neutralized mixture with 200 ml of water becomes 3.7 to 8.0; by high polymerizing the prepolymer with an additional amount of aromatic or heterocyclic dicarboxylic acid chloride, and; finally, by converting the entire amount of hydrochloric acid and 10 to 70% NH.sub.