Abstract: A pressure sensitive adhesive(PSA) composition includes a latex system of an aqueous polymer dispersion derived from ethylenically-unsaturated monomers in the presence of a water soluble protective colloid. The PSA compositions are used in the manufacture of a variety of articles that are intended to be easily attachable to another substrate by the application of pressure alone.

Abstract: Biologically degradable aqueous dispersions of vinyl ester polymers are provided which have a solids content of 20 to 70% by weight, based on the total weight of the dispersions, and have been prepared by free radical polymerization by the emulsion polymerization process, wherein, in the presence of10 to 50% by weight, based on the monomer phase, of biologically degradable plasticizer and 0.5 to 15.0% by weight, based on the monomer phase, of biologically degradable emulsifier and/or biologically degradable protective colloid,a monomer phase comprisinga) 50 to 100 parts by weight of one or more vinyl esters from the group comprising vinyl esters of unbranched or branched alkylcarboxylic acids having 1 to 15 C atoms,b) 0 to 30 parts by weight of ethylene and/or an ester of (meth)acrylic acid or ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids from alcohols having 1 to 10 atoms andc) 0 to 20 parts by weight of other mono- or poly-ethylenically unsaturated compounds, is polymerized.

Abstract: Aqueous polymer dispersions containing polymers obtainable by free-radical polymerization of unsaturated monomers, and sugared starch, and the use thereof.

Abstract: Aqueous polymer dispersions obtainable by polymerizing free-radically polymerizable unsaturated monomers in aqueous phase in the presence of a saccharide or of mixtures of saccharides by the method of free-radical aqueous emulsion polymerization are useful textile auxiliaries for the easy-care finishing of textile fabrics.

Abstract: An molecular complex is provided which includes a linear polymer associated with a cyclic molecule to form a rotaxane of the general formula, ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are blocking end groups of size and character sufficient to prevent dethreading of the rotaxane and said R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 the same or different;where the cyclic molecule comprises a cyclic skeleton and at least one A functional group, said functional group attached to the cyclic skeleton;where A is selected from the group consisting of polymerizable functional groups, cation complexing groups, anion complexing groups and ionic species; andwherein at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and A are selected from the group consisting of cation complexing groups, anion complexing groups and ionic species.The molecular complex may used in an electrolyte.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive is obtainable by a process comprising polymerizingan ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid having a non-tertiary alcohol comprising 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain (component A) in the presence ofat least one kind of a naturally occuring polysaccharide except hydrolyzed starch, cellulose ethers and cellulose esters (component B),radical chain initiators (component C).The pressure sensitive articles manufactured from the pressure sensitive adhesive have improved properties. In particular, the articles are repositionable and the adhesion under humid conditions is improved when cellulose powder is used as component B.

Abstract: A polymer powder obtained by drying an aqueous polymer dispersion, wherein the aqueous polymer dispersion is obtained by free-radical polymerization of unsaturated monomers and contains at least one added starch-degradation product which is obtained by hydrolysis in the aqueous phase, is water soluble at room temperature and has a weight average molecular weight M.sub.w of from 2500 to 25000.

Abstract: A specific class of water-borne, water redispersible laminating adhesives is disclosed which is desirable for bonding nonwoven substrates to themselves or to other substrates. The adhesives provide improved bond strength and improved water redispersibility when compared to laminating adhesives currently used for the same purpose. Furthermore, the novel adhesives are much less sensitive to the presence of significant levels of plasticizer than are laminating adhesives currently used, which exhibit reduced water redispersibility when such plasticizers are present in significant amounts. The novel laminating adhesives contain an aqueous styrene/acrylic polymer dispersion prepared by radical-initiated emulsion polymerization of unsaturated monomers in the presence of starch degradation products having a weight average molecular weight range of from about 2500 to 25000 and which are obtainable by hydrolysis in the aqueous phase.

Abstract: A method for producing a large size crosslinked polymer bead, which comprises dispersing a monomer phase composed essentially of a monovinyl monomer and a crosslinkable monomer in an aqueous phase containing a dispersion stabilizer and subjecting the dispersion to suspension polymerization in an oil-in-water system in the presence of a polymerization initiator, wherein: 1 at least one specific gravity-controlling agent having a specific gravity of more than 1.0 selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble inert organic solvents and water-insoluble linear polymers soluble in the monomer phase, is added to the monomer phase, and 2 if necessary, at least one specific gravity-controlling agent selected from the group consisting of water-soluble inorganic salts, is added to the aqueous phase, 3 to adjust the specific gravities (at 25.degree. C.) of the monomer phase and the aqueous phase in the ranges represented by the following formula (I):B-0.03<A<B+0.

Abstract: Aqueous polymer dispersions containing polymers obtainable by free-radical polymerization of unsaturated monomers, and sugared starch, and the use thereof.

Abstract: The setting properties of an .alpha.-cyanoacrylate adhesive composition are ccelerated by adding thereto a hydroxyl group derivative of an .alpha.-, .beta.- or .gamma.-cyclodextrin which is at least partly soluble in the .alpha.-cyanoacrylate.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of filled heat-curable compounds of the polyurethane type by reaction of condensation of the constituents of the desired compound in the presence of a pulverulent filler, which is characterized in that the said filler is predispersed in the presence of a stabilizing agent in a liquid organic phase compatible with the desired heat-curable compound in the course of its formation reaction, the said filler being then in the form of a homogeneous and stable suspension, and the suspension thus prepared is then introduced into the reaction mixture before, during or after the introduction of at least one of the constituents of the desired heat-curable compound.The process according to the invention makes it possible to produce compounds of the polyurethane type whose mechanical and physical characteristics are at least equivalent or even improved in relation to those of the unfilled identical compounds by virtue of the excellent distribution of the inorganic filler.

Abstract: A self-adhesive conductive elastic gel which is obtained by polymerization of skin-tolerable polymers or copolymers producing acrylic acid group containing monomers or monomer mixtures in an electrolyte-containing solution of a skin-tolerable starch material. This gel is primarily introduced into body electrodes as the skin-contacting conductive material and is better than known gels in that it provides a better adhesive effect upon reproducible use.

Abstract: A water-based emulsion paint, for example, is formulated with high refractive index opacifying pigment particles, dispersant, and polymer particles in which substantially all of the pigment particles (40) are disjuncted from one another and contained within an attached cluster of polymer particles (41) or have appendant polymer particles to give opacifying units having a nodular outline. Preferably micro-voids are trapped between particles and the dispersant is less than 1% of the pigment by weight.

Abstract: Two-component polyurethane sealants, in particular for the direct glazing of motor vehicles, comprising (A) a pasty polyurethane component containing a polyurethane prepolymer having free isocyanate groups, and a curing agent, and (B) a pasty water-containing component, component (A) containing a blocked curing agent which can be liberated by water, and component (B) containing the water, reversibly bonded to a carrier substance which liberates the water in a delayed manner after components (A) and (B) have been mixed.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of an aqueous polymer dispersion by polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds by means of free-radical initiators in the presence of starch and/or starch derivatives and optional further conventional adjuvants, and which the dispersions are coagulate-free, have a low viscosity, and a small particle size, said process comprising polymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated diene monomer or mixture of monomers consisting of20 to 100% by weight of a diene,0 to 80% by weight of a vinyl-aromatic monomer,0 to 50% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomerin the presence of an aqueous solution or dispersion of dextrins containing 10 parts to 200 parts by weight dextrins, which are optionally chemically modified, wherein the content of said dextrins having a molecular weight in excess of 5000 is at least 50% by weight and the content of dextrins having a molecular weight in excess of 100,000 is not in excess of 5% by weight of the dextrin component.

Abstract: Super-absorbent polymers having superior dryness properties when incorporated into absorbent articles are made from acrylic acid and crosslinking agent polymerized under controlled conditions.

Abstract: A process for dispersing particles of an organic commpound in water is disclosed, which comprises dispersing the organic compound in water using (1) a water-soluble high molecular weight compound having a molecular weight of at least 10,000 and (2) a copolymer formed from a monomer represented by the following formula (I) and a monomer represented by the following formula (II), said copolymer having a molecular weight of not more than 10,000: ##STR1## wherein M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 each represents an alkali metal atom or an ammonium group; R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group; and R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group having from 2 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing a polymer/starch composite. The process involves forming the polymer in the presence of starch, an organometallic cocatalyst, and a particulate olefin polymerization catalyst. Also there is disclosed a process for improving the activity of a particulate olefin polymerization catalyst by the employment of a suitable amount of starch during the polymerization.

Abstract: An adhesive composition is derived from an acrylate ester polymer, dextrin, a surfactant and optionally a tackifier.

Abstract: A process for the production of a glass or other mineral fibre composition in which glass or other mineral fibre is melted, the molten glass or mineral is forced through a plurality of openings to produce fibres, the hot fibres are sprayed with a water disperion of a binder and the fibres are dried at an elevated temperature, the binder comprising a gelatinized starch sulphamate product and a hydrophobic agent such as a silicone. The gelatinized starch sulphamate may be preformed by reacting a starch with a sulphamate salt or may be formed in situ by spraying onto the hot fibres a water dispersion of pregelatinized starch and a sulphamate salt. In this latter case part of the pregelatinized starch may be replaced by native starch.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous acrylate polymer dispersion having a total solids content of 30 to 60% by weight polymerizing one or more acrylate monomers optionally together with other olefinically unsaturated monomer(s) in the presence of dextrin at least 70% of which has a molecular weight in the range of 1000 to 25000 and not more than 10% has a molecular weight above 25000.

Abstract: This invention relates to fluid absorbent polymer compositions having the ability to absorb aqueous ionic fluids and water rapidly and efficiently. These fluid absorbent polymer compositions are prepared from fine base polymer particles which are ionically surface crosslinked and agglomerated into larger particles by the use of high energy mixing conditions. The fluid absorbent compositions of the invention find application in the preparation of absorbent articles such as diapers, sanitary napkins and incontinent devices.

Abstract: A method of stabilizing an aqueous dispersion of water-absorbent particles and at least one matrix-forming hydrophilic thickening agent comprises the steps of evacuating gas from said dispersion and subjecting the latter to compression by means of a relative pressure sufficient to irreversibly transform the dispersion into a stable particle-matrix system. A method of preparing a stable semi-solid preparation of dry, preferably bead-shaped water-absorbent particles comprises forming a homogenous dispersion comprising from 30 to 70% by weight of said beads, from 0.1% by weight of at least one hydrophilic thickening agent, capable of forming a matrix for said beads, and from 20 to 55% by weight of water, and stabilizing the dispersion formed as above. The water-absorbent particles may consist of cross-linked carbohydrates or polyacrylamide or derivatives thereof. The stable preparation may advantageously be packed in aerosol type containers and be used for the treatment of wounds and skin.

Abstract: Binder for the production of particle board and plywood with low formaldehyde emission which comprises a polymer formed fron an acidified starch hydrolyzate, urea and formaldehyde. Process for preparation of the polymer and for its use for production of particle board and plywood are also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel anionic polymeric hydrogels based on sulfonated amino aldehyde resins and a process for preparing such hydrogels are described. The hydrogels may include poly(N-vinyl 2-pyrrolidone) and other additives. Such hydrogels may be prepared by a four step process in which melamine and/or urea are reacted with formaldehyde, sulfonated, condensed to form a viscous gel and dried.

Abstract: Sizes for paper are based on finely divided aqueous dispersions of copolymers which are obtainable by copolymerization of from 10 to 56 parts by weight of a monomer mixture of(a) from 20 to 65% by weight of (meth)acrylonitrile,(b) from 35 to 80% by weight of one or more acrylates of monohydric, saturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -alcohols and(c) from 0 to 10% by weight of other ethylenically unsaturated copolymerizable monomers by an emulsion polymerization method in 100 parts by weight of an aqueous solution of from 1.7 to 25% by weight of a degraded starch having a viscosity .eta..sub.i of from 0.12 to 0.50 dl/g, at from 40.degree. to 100.degree. C. in the presence of a peroxide-containing initiator.

Abstract: Water setting paper (high water-absorbency material) comprised of pulp fiber, water-soluble resin and high wate-absorbency resin is produced in sheet form for use in urine containers or portable toilets. Water setting paper or the high water-absorbency sheet thus formed absorbs and solidifies the urine, allowing the urine to be disposed of easily, rapidly and hygienically.

Abstract: Tape joint compounds are prepared using as binders therefor vinyl ester polymers prepared by conventional emulsion polymerization techniques employing, as the stabilizer therein, an acid converted or enzyme modified starch having a water fluidity of 10 to 85.

Abstract: Sizing agents for paper are based on finely divided aqueous dispersions of copolymers obtainable by copolymerizing from 40 to 140 parts by weight of a monomer mixture of(a) from 20 to 65% by weight of (meth)acrylonitrile,(b) from 35 to 80% by weight of one or more acrylates of monohydric saturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -alcohols and(c) from 0 to 10% by weight of other ethylenically unsaturated copolymerizable monomers,the weight percentages (a), (b) and (c) always adding up to 100, in the manner of an emulsion polymerization in 100 parts by weight of an aqueous solution containing in solution from 2.7 to 15% by weight of a degraded starch having a viscosity n.sub.i from 0.04 to less than 0.12 dl/g at from 40.degree. to 100.degree. C. in the presence of a peroxide initiator.

Abstract: A homogenous blend is formed of different water soluble polymer types, for instance of particular addition and condensation polymers, by forming one of the polymers from its monomeric starting material by polymerisation in a solution of the other polyer. The resultant solution has a concentration of above 10% but is homogenous. It can be used as a bulk solution or can be dried to powder or can be present as a reverse phase dispersion.

Abstract: A method of biomolecule immobilization is described in which the biomolecule itself or, alternatively, a monomer-conjugated biomolecule, is grafted with free monomer onto a hydrophilic, solid-phase, polymeric substrate which has been pre-irradiated with ionizing radiation. The pre-irradiation step is carried out, preferably at -78.degree. C. in air, while the grafting step is carried out at 0.degree. C. in a substantially oxygen-free atmosphere. The technique is applicable to immobilization of a wide variety of biomolecules, such as enzymes, catalysts, hormones, lectins, drugs, vitamins, antibodies, antigens, nucleic acids, DNA and RNA segments, pesticides, dyes and fertilizers. The products may be used for therapeutic or diagnostic applications or bioseparations.

Abstract: Water reducible, water-remoistenable adhesive compositions are made from a blend of (a) an aqueous emulsion of a polymer of vinyl acetate, (b) an organic solvent solution of a copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl pyrrolidone having dextrin dispersed therein, and (c) an aqueous emulsion of an ester gum tackifier.

Abstract: A particulate substantially homogeneous polymeric product is made by dispersing ungelatinised polysaccharide in aqueous monomer containing polymerization initiator, initiating polymerization and thereby inducing exothermic polymerization, utilizing the exotherm to provide part at least of the heat necessary to gelatinise the polysaccharide and thereby producing a comminutable gel comprising polymerized monomer and gelatinised polysaccharide, comminuting the gel and drying the comminuted gel. The product generally comprises a blend of water soluble synthetic polymer, gelatinised polysaccharide having a low degree of graft polymerization and optionally gelatinised polysaccharide. Products comprising these components are particularly suitable for use as wallpaper adhesives.

Abstract: Disclosed are aqueous polyacrylate dispersions having improved rheological and stability characteristics prepared by the emulsion polymerization of acrylic esters, methacrylic esters and mixtures thereof in the presence of, by weight of the total monomer content, (a) from about 0.1 to 5% of at least one water-soluble amino alcohol compound and (b) from about 0.05 to about 5% of at least one protective colloid. The resultant aqueous polyacrylate dispersions are useful in the manufacture of latex paints, binders for nonwoven materials, water-based inks, paper coatings and water-borne adhesives, such as pressure-sensitive adhesives.

Abstract: Disclosed are aqueous polyacrylate dispersions having improved rheological and stability characteristics prepared by the emulsion polymerization of acrylic esters, methacrylic esters and mixtures thereof in the presence of at least one protective colloid, wherein the improvement comprises conducting the polymerization in the presence of, by weight of the total monomer content, from about 0.1 to 5% of at least one substantially completely water-soluble monomer having conjugated unsaturation. The resultant aqueous polyacrylate dispersions are useful in the manufacture of latex paints, binders for nonwoven materials, water-based inks, paper coatings and water-borne adhesives, such as pressure-sensitive adhesives.

Abstract: Storage-stable, aqueous polysiloxane emulsions well adopted as coating compositions to impart anti-adhesiveness/water-repellency to a wide variety of substrates, e.g., paper, are comprised of an anti-adhesive/water-repellency effective amount of (A) diorganopolysiloxane oil having the formula:HO(SiR.sub.2 O).sub.n Hwherein the symbols R, which may be identical or different, are each an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, the 3,3,3-tri-fluoropropyl radical, or the vinyl radical, at least 50% of the radicals R being methyl radicals and at most 5% vinyl radicals, and the symbol n is any number, the value of which is such that the viscosity of the oil ranges from 500 to 50,000 mPa.s at 25.degree. C.; (B) an organopolysiloxane resin comprising recurring units selected from among those of the formulae R'SiO.sub.1.5, R'.sub.2 SiO and R'.sub.3 SiO.sub.0.

Abstract: Remoistenable adhesive compositions are prepared from ethylene vinyl acetate resin latices which have been polymerized utilizing dextrin as the protective colloid. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, remoistenable adhesives characterized by superior adhesion to difficult stocks are prepared by post-addition of dextrin to the dextrin-emulsified ethylene vinyl acetate resin latex.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aqueous polymer dispersions comprising polymerizing compounds with unsaturated ethylenic bonds at a temperature of 10.degree. to 100.degree. C. in the presence of an at least partially water-soluble free-radical initiator and at least one starch and/or starch derivative and optionally present conventional adjuvants with the starting mixture containing not more than one third of the total monomers and the remaining monomer being added during the polymerization, the initiators being at least one member of the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, ketone peroxides and organic hydroperoxides in an amount of at least 30 mmol per kg of total monomer mixture and optionally present water-soluble reducing agents and the starch is water-soluble or gells in water and contains not more than 30% by weight of amylose and the starch derivative is hydrolyzed starch in an amount of at least 0.6% by weight based on the total monomer weight.

Abstract: Modification of a starch hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile graft copolymer with aluminum or with aluminum and a polyhydric alcohol.

Abstract: Gelatinized starch is reacted with sulfamate at elevated temperature in an aqueous medium to give a flame resistant starch-sulfamate product. Suitable sulfamates include alkali-sulfamates and alkaline earth sulfamates. The amount of sulfamate used can be in the range of 3 to 40 percent by weight, based on starch dry substance. Minimum water content of the reaction mixture is about 30 percent by weight. Reaction temperatures are from about 40.degree.-250.degree. C. The starch-sulfamate products are useful as fillers, thickeners and binders, among other things.

Abstract: An aqueous polyvinyl ester dispersion having a solids content of 35 to 65 weight % and containing 3 to 12 weight % (relative to the total amount of dispersed particles) of polyvinyl alcohol and 2 to 70 weight % (relative to the total amount of dispersed particles) of a natural starch has excellent adhesive properties. It is manufactured by emulsion polymerization of a vinyl ester optionally together with comonomers, and by subsequent distribution of the starch in the dispersion obtained by the emulsion polymerization. The dispersion is especially suitable for the manufacture of adhesives for porous substrates.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aqueous polymer dispersions comprising polymerizing vinyl esters and up to 50% by weight of the total monomer of compounds with unsaturated ethylenic bonds at a temperature of 10.degree. to 100.degree. C. in the presence of an at least partially water-soluble free-radical initiator and at least one starch member of the group consisting of cyanalkylated starch, hydroxyalkylated starch and carboxyalkylated starch and optionally present conventional adjuvants with the starting mixture containing not more than one-third of the total monomers and the remaining monomers being added by metering during the polymerization, the initiators being at least one member of the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides in an amount of at least 30 mmol per kg of total monomer mixture and optionally present water-soluble reducing agent and the amount of starch being at least 1% by weight based on the total monomer weight.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing starch/polyolefin polymer compositions by polymerization of at least one olefin in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst. The Ziegler-Natta catalyst used is obtained by contacting dried starch with an aluminum trialkyl followed by introducing a transition metal compound of the formula(cyclopentadienyl).sub.n MR.sub.mwherein M is selected from the group consisting of Cr, Ti, V or Zr, R is a lower hydrocarbon radical or acetyl acetonate, and n and m are integers from 0 to 4 and n+m equals 2 to 4.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of phenol and formaldehyde are stabilized with at least one carbohydrate such as saccharose, glucose, fructose, maltose, starch hydrolysates or molasses. The solutions are condensable and usable for preparing A-stage phenolic resin (resols).

Abstract: For preparing a water-containing vinyl acetate polymer dispersion, vinyl acetate monomer and initiator are added to a water solution from an emulsifier and hydroxypropyl starch and/or hydroxyethyl starch. The emulsifier amount is equal to 0,5 to 5 weight % from the monomer amount. The degree of substitution of the starch is higher than 0,8 substituted glucose hydroxyl groups per anhydroglucose unit and lies more specially between 0,8 and 1,8 substituted glucose hydroxyl groups per anhydroglucose unit, when the starch is hydroxypropyl starch or between 0,8 and 2,75 substituted glucose hydroxyl groups per anhydroglucose unit, when the starch is hydroxyethyl starch.

Abstract: Methylated, ethylated or carboxymethylated starch products which have, per anhydroglucose unit within the starch molecule, an average of from about 0.03 to about 1.0 methyl, ethyl or carboxymethyl substituents covalently bonded thereto and which contain a combined total of less than 1 weight percent, on a dry starch solids weight basis, of polyvalent inorganic anions, monovalent inorganic anions and methylsulfate and ethylsulfate anions are particularly well suited for use as protective colloids in emulsion polymerization or copolymerization processes.