Abstract: Polymer emulsion compositions presenting low levels of residue after thermolytic decomposition are provided. The compositions, based on polyhydroxyalkanoates or acrylics, are useful in a variety of applications, including the metallization of cathode ray tube phosphor screens, where use of the compositions provides enhanced luminosity and ease of manufacture. Other applications include use of the emulsion in additives used in powder molding techniques and in the manufacture of ceramic tiles.

Abstract: Copolymerizates of methyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate are used as plastisols in the automotive sector and as floor coverings. The invention describes a way to increase the storage stability of the plastisols by using small amounts of cross-linking agents.

Abstract: Adhesives comprising as binder an aqueous dispersion of a polymer formed from free-radically polymerizable compounds (monomers), wherein from 0.1 to 20% by weight of the monomers, based on the overall amount of the monomers, are ethylenically unsaturated acids at least 20 mol % of whose acid groups are present as a salt of at least divalent metals.

Abstract: An aqueous paint composition comprising a polymeric binder and a particulate non-film-forming solid in which; (i) at least 20% by weight of the polymeric binder is a thickener which is an, amine or acid functional, acrylic addition polymer which is at least partially neutralised, the thickener being such that a 1% by weight solution of the thickener in water when fully neutralised has a viscosity of at least 10 centipoise (measured using a Brookfield Spindle number 3 at 60 rpm and 25° C.), (ii) the pvc of the coating composition is 65 to 95%; (iii) the volume solids of the composition is 8 to 30%.

Abstract: A method for improving the dirt pick-up resistance and the retention of gloss on exposure to light of a dried coating formed from a coalescent-free aqueous coating composition is provided. The coalescent-free composition composition contains an aqueous emulsion-polymerized polymeric binder having a glass transition temperature from about −35 C. to about +25 C. with from about 2% to about 20%, by weight based on the weight of the polymeric binder, of at least one copolymerized ethylenically-unsaturated active methylene monomer.

Abstract: Polymer compositions which are useful to improve water repellency and durability in fiber, nonwoven, textile, and paper compositions are disclosed. A method of improving water repellency and durability in fiber, nonwoven, textile, and paper compositions is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a detergent builder and a production process therefor, which detergent builder comprises a polymer that has a narrow molecular weight distribution and is excellent both in the gelation resistance and the chelating ability, and further, the invention provides a polymer which is favorably used also for purposes other than detergent builders. The detergent builder comprises a poly(meth)acrylic acid (or salt) polymer which gives a product of 18,000 or more from the gelation resistance and the chelating ability. To produce this detergent builder, the ratio by weight of (total amount of monomer component, chain transfer agent, and polymerization initiator) to (total amount of aqueous medium) is set in the range of 46:54˜66:34, and 10% or more of the aqueous medium and 0˜50% (preferably 1˜50%) of the chain transfer agent are beforehand charged into a reactor, and the polymerization is carried out at a reaction temperature of 50˜120 ° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing an aqueous powder coating dispersion, which comprises introducing a liquid melt comprising binders and crosslinking agents and also, if desired, catalysts, auxiliaries and further additives such as devolatilizers, UV absorbers, free-radical scavengers and/or antioxidants into an emulsifying apparatus, preferably with the addition of water and stabilizers, and cooling and filtering the resultant emulsion.

Abstract: A dental cement composition is disclosed, comprising a liquid material and a powder material, wherein said liquid material comprises 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitic acid and water, said powder material comprising a powdered fluoroalumino silicate glass or a powdered metal oxide containing zinc oxide as the major component, the dental cement composition of the invention has a superior adhesive strength and adhesive durability to the tooth structure and superior in mechanical strengths, particularly in bending strength, without using dental adhesives requiring the surface treatment or priming.

Abstract: A kit for dental adhesive comprising a radical polymerizable monomer having an acid group in the molecule, a photosensitizer and/or a peroxide, a water-soluble organic solvent, an organic sulfinic acid and/or a salt thereof or a barbituric acid and/or a derivative thereof, and water. The kit may further comprises a radical polymerizable monomer which has no acid group and is insoluble or hardly soluble in water, an amine compound, a silane coupling agent and a 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-dithion derivative. By using this kit, the adhesive composition can be applied directly to a dentine without conducting a pretreatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to stable aqueous polymer dispersions and a process for their preparation. The aqueous dispersions of the invention have less than about 2 weight percent organic solvent, at least about 30 weight percent solids, a mean particle size of not more than about 300 nm, and a viscosity of less than about 20.0 poise at about ambient temperature.

Abstract: Compositions suitable for cosmetic and/or dermatological use which contain at least one electrolyte and/or at least one primary alcohol, at least one associative polyurethane, at least one oxyalkylenated polymer, and water.

Abstract: An impact resistant acrylic polymer pellet comprising an acrylic multi-layer polymer having at least one rubber-like elastomer layer (&agr;) as an inner layer and having a rigid polymer layer (&bgr;) as an outermost layer which is containing methyl methacrylate as a main component, wherein the proportion of parts insoluble in acetone including the polymer of the rubber-like elastomer layer (&agr;) is from 70 to 97% by weight per unit weight of the pellet, and a method for producing the same are disclosed. The pellet is excellent in handling property, and has high content of a rubber-like elastomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crosslinked, water-soluble or water-dispersible polyurethanes of A) at least one water-soluble or water-dispersible polyurethane prepolymer having terminal isocyanate groups of a) at least one compound having a molecular weight in the range from 56 to 300 which contains two active hydrogen atoms per molecule, b) at least one polymer containing two active hydrogen atoms per molecule, c) at least one compound which contains two active hydrogen atoms and at least one ionogenic or ionic group per molecule, d) at least one diisocyanate, B) at least one polymer containing groups which are reactive toward isocyanate groups, chosen from hydroxyl, and primary and secondary amino and/or carboxyl groups, or the salts thereof.

Abstract: Methods of preparing an acrylic polymer according to the present invention comprise the steps of: forming a gelled polymer by polymerizing a mixture containing an acrylic monomer and a photoinitiator; comminuting the gelled polymer to produce gel particles; and irradiating the gel particles with light to decompose the photoinitiator, simultaneously with, or after, the step of comminuting. The gel particles may be irradiated with UV light while they are being dried in a fluid-bed dryer.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an emulsion and its production process, which is used for coating of plastic materials such as polyolefin and has enough coating and adhesion to polyolefin materials and is excellent in compatibility with an acrylic resin and other resins and has high storage stability. An emulsion includes: A styrene-acryl-acid grafted polyolefin chloride, which includes a polyolefin chloride structure moiety (1), an acid anhydride and/or carboxylic acid structure moiety (2) bonded to the moiety (1) and a styrene-acryl based polymerization chain moiety (3) bonded to the moiety (2) excluding some of the acid anhydride groups and/or carboxylic acid groups, wherein a ratio of the moiety (2) to a sum of the moiety (1) and the moiety (2) is 1-10 weight %; an emulsifier; a basic substance made of at least one of amine compound and ammonia; and water.

Abstract: Polymer compositions which are useful to improve water repellency and durability in fiber, nonwoven, textile, and paper compositions are disclosed. A method of improving water repellency and durability in fiber, nonwoven, textile, and paper compositions is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a water based laminating adhesive composition and a method of using thereof. More particularly, the invention relates to a water-based laminating adhesive comprising: a first component comprising at least one aqueous vinyl polymer dispersion (A) comprising the reaction product of i) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer; ii) at least one free radical initiator; and iii) optionally, at least one ethylenically unsaturated oligomer; and b) a second component comprising at least one water dispersible polyfunctional aziridine crosslinking agent (B). The adhesive optionally comprises at least one aqueous polyurethane polymer dispersion (C). Improved bonded properties of dry laminated flexible film substrates such as polyolefin, polyester and polyamide, as well as cellophane, metals or paper are obtained.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a copolymer formed by the emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture including from 0.1 to 20% by weight of one or more terminally unsaturated carboxylic acid oligomers; from 80 to 99.9% by weight of at least two monomers selected from esters and amides of (meth)acrylic acid, vinyl esters of carboxylic acids, vinyl aromatic compounds, ethylenically unsaturated nitrites, vinyl halides, and non-aromatic hydrocarbons; and 0 to 10% by weight of other copolymerisable monomers is provided. The aqueous copolymer dispersion is polymerized in the presence of anionic surfactant and at an acid pH. Also provided is a method of preparing the aqueous copolymer dispersion. Aqueous copolymer dispersions including the terminally unsaturated carboxylic acid oligomers have low viscosities over a broad pH range and are useful in coating compositions, as binders for nonwovens, textiles, paper coatings, and as adhesives.

Abstract: Acrylic emulsion PSA polymers which when cast as a film resist water whitening by hot or ambient temperature water are provided, and are formed by copolymerizing a monomer mixture comprising at least one alkyl acrylate ester of an alcohol containing at least four carbon atoms, at least one polar comonomer and at least one partially water soluble comonomer present in an amount of at least about 7% by weight of the monomers. Polymerization is carried out in the presence of at least one nonionic surfactant containing at least about 8 moles of ethylene oxide per mole nonionic surfactant and at least one anionic surfactant containing up to about 10 moles ethylene oxide per mole anionic surfactant. There is added to the product of polymerization at least one base to produce an emulsion having a pH greater than 7 and containing particles having a mean “volume-average” particle diameter of up to about 210 nm as determined by laser light scattering.

Abstract: A method for aqueous bead-type suspension polymerization of (meth)acrylic monomers to prepare non-agglomerating, storage stable (meth)acrylic polymer beads which are extrudable at low temperatures. The invention also relates to the polymer beads and to their use as adhesive, in particular as a pressure sensitive adhesive. The invention also discloses adhesive compositions comprising the polymer beads.

Abstract: The invention pertains to an aqueous acrylic copolymer thickener particularly useful for thickening latex paints, the thickener copolymer comprising aqueous copolymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising between 10% and 90% carboxyl functional monomer, between 1% and 50% long alkyl ester of acrylate or methacrylate, and preferably between 20% and 90% methyl or ethyl acrylate or methacrylate. The mixture of monomers is mixed with water and surfactant, micronized to droplet size less than 5 microns, copolymerized to form a carboxyl functional copolymer, which is then neutralized with amine to form a thickener copolymer.

Abstract: The invention provides a redispersible polymer powder based on a mixture of water-insoluble polymer and a water-soluble atomized protective colloid which can be de-activated through a pH change. In addition, the invention concerns aqueous dispersions that can be prepared with the polymer powder and the use of the polymer powder or its aqueous dispersions as a bonding agent in adhesives, plasters or paints.

Abstract: A method for polymerizing predominantly one or more acrylate and/or vinyl acetate monomers in the presence of a latex results in high solids dispersions of polymer particles with lower viscosities than traditionally observed. A significant wt. % of added monomers can be present in large particles, having nonspherical shapes. Some of the original latex particles are retained during the polymerization and these increase the solids content and lower the viscosity by packing in the interstices between large particles. The total polymer solids content can easily be varied from 70 to 92 or more wt. % which are higher than achieved in any previously reported aqueous polymerizations. The viscosities at very high solids contents become paste-like but the materials still are stable to storage and further handling without breaking the dispersion into an agglomerated polymer portion and released water. The dispersions are useful to form sealants, membranes, etc., either with or without other additives.

Abstract: A high solids, water-borne coating comprises a latex polymer, non-film-forming particulates and water. The high solids coating contains up to 90% solids (non-volatiles/volume) and pigment volume concentration (PVC) that can range between about 5% to 95%. The thick-coverage surface coating herein dries at a fast rate, provides excellent through-dry properties as measured by tensile, elongation, and water resistance, and can replace traditional coatings used in multi-coat processes. The coating herein can contain up to about 40% hollow microspheres to yield a dried coating that has up to about 57% PVC and be used as a roof coating that meets a required elongation of at least 200%.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of resin particles comprising: adding a mixture of at least one free radical reactive monomer continuously to a heated aqueous solution of a water soluble free radical initiator and a water soluble salt to form latex emulsion particles and aggregates thereof; and wherein the rate of continuous addition of said monomer is greater than the rate at which monomer is consumed by polymerization.

Abstract: A method of separating solids and preventing foaming in an industrial water system comprising adding to fluids in the industrial water system an effective amount of a low foaming latex polymer prepared using a tallow amine ethoxylate/polyoxyethylene oleyl ether emulsifier.

Abstract: In a method of making repositionable pressure sensitive adhesive of tacky elastomeric microspheres wherein the microspheres are polymerized and formed in an aqueous suspension which includes a surfactant, a certain amount of the surfactant is removed from the aqueous suspension after completion of polymerization of the microspheres so that a predetermined reduced amount of surfactant remains, with the result that migration of the surfactant from the adhesive is at least substantially reduced.

Abstract: The present invention is an endodontic sealer paste and an endodontic core material for root canal filling, retrofilling, and perforation repair. The endodontic sealer paste contains a dry poly(carboxylic acid), zinc oxide, and an aliphatic acid. The endodontic core material contains a pliant polymer, a dry poly(carboxylic acid), and zinc oxide.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a tintable coating composition, comprising an admixture of (A) about 2 to about 80 wt % of a carboxylated urethane polymer mixture made from 2,6-hexanediol and 4,4-methylenebis (cyclohexylisocyanate); (B) about 5 to about 65 wt % of a hydroxylated methylmethacrylate acrylic polymer; (C) about 0.2 to about 10 wt % of an epoxylated silane cross-linking agent; and (D) optionally, about 0.5 wt % to about 25 wt % of a solvent; all percentages based on the total weight of the coating composition. The coating composition of the present invention may be used as a clear coating, or may include a decorative component such as dyes, pigments, colorants, metal flakes, metal powders, glass flakes, glass powders, and combinations thereof, that add a decorative or colored characteristic to the disclosed coating composition.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive prepared by emulsifying dispersing a monomer mixture containing at least 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the monomer mixture, of a long-chain alkyl (meth)acrylate with the alkyl having 9 to 13 carbon atoms in an aqueous surfactant solution to bring the monomer mixture to fine particles having an average diameter of not more than 2.0 &mgr;m and polymerizing the monomer mixture in the presence of a water-soluble polymerization initiator can provide a pressure-sensitive adhesive which possesses excellent moisture resistance, water resistance, weather resistance, and adhesion to a nonpolar adherend, such as a polyolefin plastic, and, at the same time, well-balanced tackiness properties.

Abstract: An aqueous adhesive composition for wet lamination of substrate layers to form a laminated article includes from about 40 weight percent to about 65 weight percent solids dispersed in an aqueous medium, wherein the solids include a polymer having repeating units derived from a vinyl ester monomer and having a glass transition temperature of about −15° C. to about +15° C.; and from about 0.1 parts by weight to about 40 parts by weight of a plasticizer compound per 100 parts by weight of the polymer. A method for making a laminated article includes applying a wet layer of the aqueous laminating adhesive composition of the to a first substrate layer; covering the wet layer of adhesive composition with a second substrate layer; and drying the layer of adhesive composition to form the laminated article. A laminated article includes two substrate layers bonded together by an interposed layer of the dried adhesive composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a blend composition and a method for the use of such to improve the adhesion properties of coatings. More particularly, the present invention relates to the use of a polymeric blend containing a macromolecular aqueous dispersion, an acid-functional alkali-soluble resin, and an aminosilane in order to provide adhesion of coatings over difficult surfaces such as chalky substrates.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of producing a waterborne isocyanate-modified acrylic polymer. The method provides for reacting a compound having at least two-isocyanate functionalities with an isocyanate-reactive polymer to produce the isocyanate-modified acrylic polymer of the present invention having extended shelf stability and solvent resistance.

Abstract: Inherently tacky, pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions useful in marking film applications are provided. The compositions comprise polymer particles prepared by emulsion polymerization of at least one monomer mixture. The monomer mixture comprises at least one alkyl acrylate, the alkyl group of which has from about 4 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably in an amount of from about 73% to 90% by weight, at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid containing from about 3 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably in an amount of from about 2% to 12% by weight, and at least one hard monomer, preferably present in an amount of from about 5% to 15% by weight. The particles have a mean diameter of about 300 nm or less, as determined by laser light scattering. Preferably the hard monomer comprises a styrenic monomer, more preferably both a styrenic monomer and an alkyl methacrylate. In some embodiments, the compositions are prepared by sequential polymerization of the first and second monomer charges.

Abstract: A method of suspension polymerization of a monomeric composition to produce a polymer or a polymer composition is disclosed which method comprises the steps of retaining a disperse phase component composed of the monomeric composition and a continuous phase component composed of a medium in independent vessels, supplying the disperse phase component and the continuous phase component from their respective vessels into a disperser simultaneously and continuously through associated independent passageways, applying shear force in the disperser to form a dispersion having droplets of a desired size, subsequently introducing the dispersion into a polymerization vessel, and completing a polymerizating reaction to produce a polymer or a polymer composition.

Abstract: A rubber latex with its particles grown through cohesion by adding 100 weight parts of (B) a rubber latex (solid), 0.1-15 weight parts (solid) of (A) an acid group-containing latex having an average particle size of 50-500 nm prepared by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising (a), (b), (c) and (d) [wherein (a)+(b)+(c)+(d)=100 weight %]: (a) 5-25 weight % of at least one of unsaturated acids selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid and crotonic acid, (b) 20-95 weight % of at least one of alkyl methacrylates with its alkyl group 1-12 in carbon number, (c) 0-30 weight % of at least one of alkyl acrylates with its alkyl group 1-12 in carbon number, (d) 0-40 weight % of at least one selected from the group consisting of aromatic vinyls, compounds having at least two polymerizable functional groups in a molecule and vinyl cyanides, copolymerizable with the aforementioned (a), (b) and (c) is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multiple part ionomeric cement system comprising an organic composition that is substantially free of added water, and an aqueous composition comprising water. The organic composition contains at least a hydrophilic component and an acid functional compound that is provided as greater than 1.0% weight of the organic composition. The liquid ingredients of the compositions are miscible, both as separate compositions and when mixed together.

Abstract: A copolymer latex with a total solids content of at least 67% by weight, which is characterized by having a viscosity of 2,000 centipoises or less as measured with a BM viscometer under the conditions of total solids content of 67% by weight and at room temperature, is provided. Such a low viscosity and high solids-content copolymer latex is produced through an emulsion polymerization in which the method of use of the emulsifier and the amount thereof are controlled following specific conditions.

Abstract: A process of forming a seed polymer for use in an emulsion polymerization reaction. The process includes the steps of providing an aqueous mixture of styrene, emulsifying agent, initiator and at least one polymerizable di- or tri-carboxylic acid and then polymerizing the aqueous mixture in the presence of a nonpolymerizable di- or tri-carboxylic acid to form the seed polymer.

Abstract: This invention relates to improved vinyl acetate-based polymers which are formed by emulsion polymerizing vinyl acetate and other comonomers under conditions of free radical polymerization. The improvement resides in the stabilizer system, the stabilizer being a condensation product of a polyol having a weight average molecular weight of from 500 to 10,000 reacted with a diepoxide. An example is the reaction product of polyethylene glycol and the diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol A.

Abstract: An aqueous emulsion for use as a water- and oil-repellent agent, which aqueous emulsion is produced by copolymerizing least one of lower alkyl methacrylate, benzyl (meth)acrylate and vinylidene chloride with polyfluoroalkyl group-containing (meth)acrylate ester, dispersed in water and in the presence of a nonionic emulsifier containing .alpha.-[1-(allyloxy)methyl-2-(p-nonylphenoxy)ethyl]-.omega.-hydroxy(polyo xyethylene). The resulting aqueous emulsion is completely free from organic solvents and has a distinguishing freeze-thaw stability.

Abstract: An improved method for forming book casing is provided through an adhesive composition. The adhesive provides surprising adhesion to both paper and plastic films with also allowing higher processing rates. Book casings produced with the adhesives are also claimed.

Abstract: A process for preparing an aqueous polymer dispersion by free-radical polymerization of compounds I and II whose individual solubility in water is very different by the miniemulsion polymerization technique, in which process the reaction mixture is agitated by an external circuit which leads from and back again to the reaction vessel and comprises at least one low-shear pump and at least one heat exchanger having an essentially laminar flow profile. The copolymers prepared in accordance with the invention can be produced in a good yield within short times and exhibit good performance properties.

Abstract: General purpose inherently tacky acrylic pressure sensitive adhesive polymers formed of alkyl acrylates, vinyl esters, and saturated carboxylic acids, having improved properties, a lower residual monomer content are formed by a sequential emulsion polymerization process in which 40 to 70 percent, typically 45 percent, of the monomers are incrementally added to a reactor as a first charge containing substantially all of the vinyl esters, the balance of the monomers being fed in a second incremental charge.

Abstract: Novel associative acrylic polymers prepared by radical inverse emulsion polymerization. It is a methacrylic ester in which the radical is composed of a hydrophilic segment and of a hydrophobic segment. The associative polymers of the invention can be used as thickeners, flocculating agents or filler-retaining agents.

Abstract: A continuous free radical polymerization process for the preparation of water-soluble copolymers from water-soluble monomers for further processing to dry polymers is disclosed. The process allows efficient polymerization of the monomers in aqueous solution in the presence of a free radical catalyst through backmixing. Water-soluble polymers with molecular weights of from about 3,000-30,000,000 and preferably from about 500,000-10,000,000 are obtained utilizing this process.

Abstract: The use of up to about 20 parts by weight of an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of the water soluble polyalkylene glycol ethers in conventional waterborne packaging and converting adhesives provides comparable or better adhesive products with reduced environmental and health related problems.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula (I):H(--CH.sub.2 --CR.sup.1 R.sup.2).sub.m (--CH.sub.2 --CR.sup.1 R.sup.3).sub.n --H (I)whereR.sup.1 is H or methyl,R.sup.2 is --C(O)--Y--R.sup.4, where R.sup.4 is H, methyl, ethyl or allyl,R.sup.3 is --C(O)--Y--allyl andY is O or NH,orR.sup.1 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl,R.sup.2 is H andR.sup.3 is (--CH.sub.2 --CR.sup.5 .dbd.CR.sup.6 --CH.sub.2).sub.p --H, where R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 independently are each H,methyl, ethyl or chlorine and p is 1-100,orR.sup.1 is H,R.sup.2 is OH or O-allyl andR.sup.3 is O-allyl,orR.sup.1 is H,R.sup.2 is OH or R.sup.3 andR.sup.3 is (meth)acrylate, --O--C(O)--CH.dbd.CH--COOH or --O--C(O)--CH.sub.2 --C(.dbd.CH.sub.2)--COOH,and m is an integer from 5 to 500,000 and n is an integer from 2 to 100,000, are used as crosslinking agents in particulate emulsion polymers having a glass transition temperature below 0.degree. C. and a mean particle size of from 50 to 1000 nm.

Abstract: An aqueous adhesive composition for wet lamination of substrate layers to form a laminated article includes from about 40 weight percent to about 65 weight percent solids dispersed in an aqueous medium, wherein the solids include a polymer having repeating units derived from a vinyl ester monomer and having a glass transition temperature of about -15.degree. C. to about +15.degree. C.; and from about 0.1 parts by weight to about 40 parts by weight of a plasticizer compound per 100 parts by weight of the polymer. A method for making a laminated article includes applying a wet layer of the aqueous laminating adhesive composition of the to a first substrate layer; covering the wet layer of adhesive composition with a second substrate layer; and drying the layer of adhesive composition to form the laminated article. A laminated article includes two substrate layers bonded together by an interposed layer of the dried adhesive composition.