Abstract: A complex of an alkyllithium compound and 1,2-dipyrrolidinoethane is useful as an initiator for the polymerization of ethylene and ethylene block copolymers.

Abstract: A process for in mold polymerization and a composition for use therein comprising a polymerizable vinyl aromatic monomer and a particulated, semicrystalline nonmiscible polymer.

Abstract: A new coupling agent has been disclosed which is acryloyl chloride. This coupling agent undergoes anionic polymerization through the acrylate unsaturation rather than anionic attack at the acid chloride.

Abstract: Block copolymers having two or more blocks may be prepared from vinyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons and a mixed isomer mixture of 1,3-pentadiene. At least one block is polymerized from the cis and trans-isomer mixture of 1,3-pentadiene. The amount of the mixed isomer mixture of 1,3-pentadiene polymerized may be increased by including in the mixed isomer mixture a cis-isomer polymerization promoter.

Abstract: An improved method for the polymerization of mixtures of mixed cis and trans-isomers of 1,3-pentadiene in the production of block copolymers. By continuously or incrementally adding a cis-isomer of 1,3-pentadiene polymerization promoter, using a hydrocarbon solvent with no aprotic solvents of a polar nature and not exceeding specified temperature ranges, the cis-isomer of 1,3-pentadiene is polymerized, resulting in a greater 1,3-pentadiene polymerization yield. The polymerization promoter is a vinyl-substituted aromatic monomer, for example styrene.

Abstract: Blends of polymers of diene and styrene-.alpha.-methylstyrene type monomers are prepared by solution polymerization employing intermittent addition of monomers and initiators to provide a desired composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of producing a flame-retardant acrylic polymer by polymerizing, in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator, a vinyl monomer containing acrylonitrile in an amount of more than 75 weight %, in an aqueous medium in which is present a halogen-containing polymer latex substantially free from an emulsifier. The acrylic polymer can provide flame-retardant shaped products, especially fibers, which have no problems in the operation of spinning, transparency, gloss, dyed color clearness, etc.

Abstract: An alkenyl aromatic compound-conjugated diene block copolymer having a combined alkenyl aromatic compound content of 25-95% by weight, characterized in that said copolymer is represented by the formula,A--B--Awherein A represents an alkenyl aromatic compound polymer block, the total amount of A's in both ends being 50-97% by weight of the total combined alkenyl aromatic compound content; B represents a conjugated diene-alkenyl aromatic compound copolymer block, said B portion having (a) 2-10 taper blocks where the amount of the alkenyl aromatic compound increases gradually and (b) a weight ratio of alkenyl aromatic compound/conjugated diene of 3-85/97-15; and the total amount of the chains that 1-4 alkenyl aromatic compound monomers are linked is 5-30% by weight of the total combined alkenyl aromatic compound content. Said copolymer is excellent in the balance of impact strength, tensile strength and elongation.

Abstract: A diene polymer produced by polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer in a solvent solution of an active lithium-terminated polymer in the presence of a catalyst consisting of (A) a cobalt compound and (B) carbon disulfide and/or phenylisothiocyanic acid. The diene polymer comprises a 1,2-polybutadiene portion having a high percentage of vinyl conformation. The diene polymer has substantially no mercaptan compound.

Abstract: Resinous polymodal block copolymers of such as butadiene and styrene which are craze-resistant, transparent, and substantially color-free, and methods of producing the block copolymers. The copolymers are prepared by sequential charge copolymerization modes comprising the solution polymerization of at least two charges each of a conjugated diene, a monovinylarene, and a monoalkali metal initiator, at least one charge of conjugated diene monomer precedes the last charge of monoalkali metal initiator, at least one charge each of monovinylarene and of conjugated diene follows the last charge of monoalkali metal initiator, and the final charge of monomer is a charge of conjugated diene monomer, such that the number of charges of each of said components is not more than three, and the total of the charges of the three components is 8 or 9.

Abstract: A process for N doping polyacetylene or polyphenylene polymers by contacting the polymer with a doping agent selected from at least one composition selected from organolithium or the alkaline salts of carbanions or dicarbanions having a benzylic structure. The N doped polymers have electrochemical and photogalvanic applications.The invention is a novel process for doping polyacetylene or polyphenylene and the products obtained by the process. The process provides N doped polymers that can be used in electrochemical or photovoltaic applications.

Abstract: Solvent-soluble copolymers having a number average molecular weight of about 1,000 to about 1,000,000 and comprising recurring units of the following formulae (I) and (II) (case A) or recurring unit of the following formulae (I), (II) and (III) (case B) or solvent-soluble graft copolymers having a number average molecular weight of about 1,500 to about 2,000,000 and comprising recurring units of the following formulae (I), (II) and/or (II'), and (IV) (case C) or recurring units of the following formulae (I), (II) and/or (II'), (III) and (IV) (case D), said recurring units being combined to form the main alkylene chain, wherein in the cases A and B the amount of the formula (I) unit is about 3 to 60 mol % of the total amount of the whole units, and in the cases C and D the amount of the formula (I) unit is about 5 to 60 mol % of the total amount of the units of formulae (I), (II) and/or (II'), and (IV), and in the cases B and D the amount of the formula (III) unit is about 1 to 40 mol % of the total amount of

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of a branched polymer which comprises contacting a monovinyl aromatic monomer having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms per molecule with an organolithium initiator, thereafter adding at least one conjugated diene monomer having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule and thereafter adding a tris-(nonylated phenyl)phosphite as coupling agent in an amount from 0.15 to 1.1 mol per mol of the organolithium initiator.

Abstract: A diene rubber composition comprising 25 to 90 parts by weight of at least one high molecular weight diene rubber (A) having an intrinsic viscosity [.eta.] of at least 2.0 and a glass transition point of not lower than -50.degree. C. and 75 to 10 parts by weight of at least one low molecular weight diene rubber (B) having an intrinsic viscosity [.eta.] of 0.01 to 2.0, said composition having an average intrinsic viscosity of at least 1.8.Since this composition has an excellent wet grip and rolling resistance property and moreover has excellent processability, it is employed as tire tread rubber.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of polymers comprising conjugated dienes and optionally monoalkenyl aromatic hydrocarbons, which process comprises the polymerization of conjugated diene and optionally monoalkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomers in the presence of a hydrocarbon diluent, and a hydrocarbyl alkalimetal compound and a Lewis base having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl group having 2-18 carbon atoms;R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen or an alkyl groups having 1-4 carbon atoms;R.sub.4 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms; andR.sub.5 is an alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Solvent-soluble copolymers having a number average molecular weight of about 1,000 to about 1,000,000 and comprising recurring units of the following formulae (I) and (II) (case A) or recurring unit of the following formulae (I), (II) and (III) (case B) or solvent-soluble graft copolymers having a number average molecular weight of about 1,500 to about 2,000,000 and comprising recurring units of the following formulae (I), (II) and/or (II'), and (IV) (case C) or recurring units of the following formulae (I), (II) and/or (II'), (III) and (IV) (case D), said recurring units being ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represents independently hydrogen, a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogen; R.sub.4 represents hydrogen or a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R.sub.5 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or a benzyl group; R.sub.6 represents hydrogen or a methyl group; R.sub.

Abstract: A process for producing a high impact polystyrene characterized by polymerizing a conjugated diene (preferably, 1,3-butadiene) by the use of an organolithium-based catalyst containing a polyfunctional organolithium compound (preferably, said organolithium-based cataylst is a mixture of a polyfunctional organolithium compound and a monofunctional organolithium compound at such a mixing ratio that the amount of lithium atom in the polyfunctional organolithium compound is 5% by weight or more based on the total sum of the lithium atoms in the respective compounds), coupling the resulting polymer molecules with a polyfunctional treating agent having at least two (preferably, 2-4 on the average) reactive sites capable of reacting with the active lithium terminal of the polymer, dissolving in styrene the conjugated diene polymer thus obtained, which has substantially a network structure and is substantially soluble in styrene, preferably in a proportion of 2-30% by weight, and then radical-polymerizing the resultin

Abstract: Block copolymers are prepared by using two successive and different catalytic processes, a Ziegler-Natta type polymerization followed by a conventional anionic polymerization.

Abstract: Aromatic hydrocarbon resins having a number-average molecular weight of 500-2,500 and containing, in particular, units derived from styrene and/or from its higher homologs, are acylated with vinylketone groups RR'C.dbd.CR"--CO-- grafted onto the aromatic nuclei of the said resin, said resin further containing from 10 to 90 mol %, and preferably from 30 to 60 mol %, of units derived from indene and/or from its higher homologs, and containing from 0.02 to 0.07 grafted vinylketone group per aromatic nucleus.The resultant acylated resins are either polymerized anionically to polymers having a weight-average molecular weight ranging from 10.sup.4 to 2.10.sup.7, or are copolymerized with a living polymer such as polymethyl methacrylate.

Abstract: An automotive tire tread having a low rolling resistance including a cap tread rubber and a base tread rubber wherein the value of the loss tangent of the cap tread rubber is not more than 0.24 and the value of the resilience of the cap tread rubber is more than 60%. In addition, the value of the loss tangent of the base tread rubber should be less than that of the cap tread rubber.

Abstract: A rubber composition for a side wall of tires comprising a polymer blend of 20-100 parts by weight of solution polymerization star shaped SBR and 80-0 parts by weight of natural rubber and/or diene synthetic rubber. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of said star shaped SBR is preferably less than -50.degree. C. Styrene content in said star shaped SBR is preferably less than 20% parts by weight.

Abstract: A method for preparing essentially color-free, stabilized polymers of conjugated dienes or vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons or copolymers of conjugated dienes and vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons involves a first stage in which a living polymer of a conjugated diene or vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon or copolymer of a conjugated diene and a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon is prepared by anionically polymerizing the conjugated diene or vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, or copolymerizing the conjugated diene and the vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon using a lithium-based catalyst and an inert hydrocarbon diluent. Then, the living polymer or copolymer is terminated by the addition of a suitable terminating agent. Following the termination procedure, boric acid is added to the polymer of copolymer in a sufficient amount to prevent or substantially reduce color formation. Then, stabilizing agents are added to the polymer or copolymer and the polymer or copolymer is recovered from the diluent.

Abstract: In producing a block copolymer resin having vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon polymer blocks such as of styrene and polymer blocks primarily composed of conjugated diene such as of butadiene successively through living polymers using an organolithium compound as a catalyst in an aliphatic solvent, the vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomer for forming the vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon polymer block is added at a controlled rate, at the stage when the vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon content in the polymer formed has reached a certain value, higher than the polymerization rate of the vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomer at the polymerization temperature but at a rate which can maintain the solubility parameter of the liquid phase portion in the polymerization system at 7.7 or less, whereby a block copolymer resin with good transparency and impact strength can be produced with good productivity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing terpolymer polyblends having high gloss and ductility in formed articles, wherein, rubber particles in an aqueous latex are reacted with an alkenyl aromatic, alkenyl nitrile and alkyl acrylate monomer formulation such that said rubber particles become grafted with at least a portion of said monomers while said monomers form a matrix terpolymer phase of said monomers followed by separating said matrix phase terpolymer and said grafted rubber particles from said latex as a terpolymer polyblend. The invention also relates to a composition of said process.

Abstract: A continuous anionic solution process for preparing star-block copolymers of monovinylaromatic compounds and conjugated dienes having either monomodal or bimodal arm structure is described. The process utilizes a continuous tubular reactor made up of a sequence of four static mixer zones followed by a pressure control valve.

Abstract: New compositions and a process for the preparation of conjugated diene polymers of broadened molecular weight distribution by reacting non-terminated lithium catalyzed conjugated diene polymers with cyclic organic compounds selected from the group of carbonates, thiocarbonates and sulfites. The resulting new compositions are suitable for use in making high impact plastics and for fabricating rubber goods.

Abstract: New compositions and a process for the preparation of conjugated diene polymers of broadened molecular weight distribution by reacting non-terminated lithium catalyzed conjugated diene polymers with linear organic compounds selected from the group of carbonates, thiocarbonates and sulfites. The resulting new compositions are suitable for use in making high impact plastics and for fabricating rubber goods.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a mixture of linear three-block copolymers which contain from 70 to 80% by weight of styrene units and from 20 to 30% by weight of elastomeric polymer segments based on a conjugated diene, in a total of three stages, specific conditions in respect of the initiator and of the monomers to be polymerized being essential in the individual stages in order to ensure the polymodal structure of the three-block copolymers. After complete reaction of the monomers, the mixture of the living polymers is treated with proton-active compounds, and the mixture of the block copolymers is isolated by removing the solvent. The compositions obtained by the novel process are transparent and clear and have good mechanical properties. They are furthermore readily processable by the methods conventionally used for thermoplastics. The compositions are particularly suitable for the production of moldings and of packaging materials.

Abstract: Polymers are prepared using dienyllithium initiators, a reaction product of organolithium with a 1,4-diolefin, to polymerize olefinically unsaturated monomers such as conjugated dienes under solution polymerization conditions to provide unsaturated polymers, branched polymers, graft polymers, polymers prepared by sequential polymerization, and coupled polymers.

Abstract: A process for producing carbo-chain homopolymers, block- and random copolymers of conjugated dienes and vinylaromatic monomers comprising polymerization of dienes, vinyl- or di-vinylaromatic monomers or copolymerization thereof in a medium of a hydrocarbon solvent at a temperature ranging from -30.degree. to +150.degree. C. in the presence of an organolithium catalyst of the formula R(Li).sub.x, wherein R is a hydrocarbon radical or a diene polymer, x is an integer of from 1 to 4, and a modifying additive which is a compound comprising a product of interaction between a phenolamine resin and an alkali metal and having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 10;M is sodium or potassium;R is an alkyl with 2 to 20 carbon atoms or an arylalkyl with 7 to 20 carbon atoms;R.sub.1 is an alkyl with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl with 7 to 9 carbon atoms or hydrogen;this modifying additive is used in an amount of from 0.07 to 2.0 g/equiv. per one g/equiv. of active lithium.

Abstract: The preparation of a branched, radial block copolymer having improved falling weight impact properties, and having trimodal distribution of molecular structure in the arms of the block copolymer is described.

Abstract: The preparation of a branched, radial block copolymer having improved falling weight impact properties, and having monomodal distribution of molecular structure in the arms of the block copolymer is described.

Abstract: The preparation of a branched, radial block copolymer having improved falling weight impact properties, and having trimodal distribution of molecular structure in the arms of the block copolymer is described.

Abstract: By block-copolymerizing a mixture of an aromatic vinyl compound and a conjugated diene in two stages in an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent, using an organomonolithium compound or an organodilithium compound as a polymerization initiator, a block copolymer is formed as a suspension polymer in a slurry state.The resulting block copolymer is very clear and excellent in mechanical properties, especially, strength, elongation and impact strength. It has a wide application in the field of general resins.

Abstract: In the use of certain metal salts of the hemi-perester of maleic acid as catalysts for the polymerization and curing of ethylenically unsaturated monomers and of methyl methacrylate-containing syrups the addition of an activator such as sodium bisulfite provides a substantial reduction in the curing time. The process is relatively insensitive to the amount of filler used. The salts of maleic hemi-peresters, in combination with the activators, are also useful for polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers.

Abstract: Highly desirable organic liquid soluble multifunctional lithium containing initiators are prepared by reacting on organo lithium compound with an organic compound containing at least one group of the configuration 1,3-bis(1-phenylethenyl)benzene. Such initiators can be prepared in the absence of polar solvents and are very desirable for the polymerization of dienes such as butadiene to a desirable 1,4 configuration.