Abstract: A superabsorbent resin composition comprising the following components

Abstract: A superabsorbent resin composition comprising the following components (A), (B) and (C), wherein (A) is a superabsorbent resin, (B) is a metal compound containing at least one metal A selected from the group consisting of titanium and zirconium and (C) is a chelating agent.

Abstract: A resin composition for powder coating, which comprises the following components (A), (B) and (C): (A) a carboxyl group-containing resin having a number average molecular weight of from 1,000 to 20,000, an acid value of from 5 to 200 and a glass transition temperature of from 30 to 120° C.; (B) tris(&bgr;-methylglycidyl) isocyanurate of the formula (1): (C) as a ring opening polymerization inhibitor, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of amines having in their molecules a bond of the formula (2): and onium salts.

Abstract: The invention provides a copolymer of an isomonoolefin having from 4 to 7 carbon atoms and containing a copolymerized alkenyl styrene moiety represented by the formula I: where m=0-2, n=0-20, each of R1 through R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1 to C10 alkyl and C1 to C10 primary or secondary alkyl halides, and at least one of R1, R2 or R3 is hydrogen, and when m=1 or 2, R3 and R1 are —CH2—.

Abstract: A method of preparing a multivalent array that includes: polymerizing at least one monomer comprising at least one polymerizable group and at least one latent reactive group in the presence of a metal carbene catalyst to form a polymer template comprising at least one latent reactive group; and combining the polymer template with at least one functionalizing reagent comprising at least one reactive group under conditions effective to react the latent reactive group of the polymer template with the reactive group of the functionalizing reagent to form a multivalent array.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for detecting and/or quantifying a target nucleotide sequence (2) present in a biological sample characterised in that it comprises a “sandwhich” type contacting of the target nucleotide sequence (2) with a trapper single strand nucleotide sequence (5) fixed on an insoluble solid support (3) and complementary of part (7) of said target nucleotide sequence (2) and with one or several nucleotide sequences (6,11) of which at least one is marked (6), the said nucleotide sequence(s) (6,11) being complementary of another part (8) of the target nucleotide sequence (2); in that the trapper nucleotide sequence (5) is fixed covalently by one of its ends on the solid support (3), and has a length between 50 and 500 bases; and in that the part (10) of the trapper nucleotide sequence (5) which is not hybridised with the part (7) of the target nucleotide sequence (2) has less than 60 bases.

Abstract: Curable fluoroelastomeric compositions comprising: A) 100 phr (parts) of fluoroelastomeric copolymers based on vinylidenefluoride (VDF) copolymers and at least a partially or completely fluorinated comonomer having an ethylene unsaturation; B) 0.

Abstract: Phosphonomethylated poly-vinylamines which contain as characteristic structural elements units of the formula where R1 is hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl or and X is hydrogen, an alkali metal, ammonium or one equivalent of an alkaline earth metal, are obtainable by phosphonomethylation of polymers which contain N-vinyl-amide or vinylamine groups and are useful as detergent additives and water treatment agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a golf ball, comprising a cover, a core and optional intermediate layers, wherein the various ball components are formed from compositions comprising a sulfonated and/or phosphonated ionomer. The sulfonated and/or phosphonated ionomer preferably comprises sulfonated thermoplastic elastomers, sulfonated thermoplastic polymers, sulfonated thermoset polymers and mixtures thereof. The compositions include a blend of about 1 wt. % to about 99 wt. % of at least one sulfonated and/or phosphonated ionomer and about 99 wt. % to about 1 wt. % of at least co-component polymer. The co-component polymer may be a conventional ionomer, a thermoplastic, a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermoset polymer or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A chemical amplifying type positive resist composition, excellent in adhesion to a substrate and good in resist performances and suitable for exposure using a KrF excimer laser, ArF excimer laser, or the like, which comprises a resin having a polymerization unit of 2-alkyl-2-adamantyl (meth)acrylate and a polymerization unit of a monomer selected from 3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl (meth)acrylate and (meth)acrylonitrile, and an acid generator is provided.

Abstract: An adhesive composition including as principal components: (a) about 10-90% by weight of at least one free radical-polymerizable monomer, (b) about 0-20% by weight of an adhesion promoter, (c) about 10-80% by weight of a primary low molecular weight toughener (or toughening agent) with a weight average molecular weight (Mw) less than about 18,000 or a number average molecular number (Mn) less than about 10,000 and; (d) about 1-15% by weight of an auxiliary high molecular weight toughener (or toughening agent) with a Mw greater than about 18,000 or a Mn greater than about 10,000 based on the total weight of components (a)-(d).

Abstract: Elastomeric vinylidene fluoride-containing copolymers are cured by a sequential process. In a first step, gum fluoroelastomer is mixed at a temperature of 150° C.-250° C. in the presence of an organic base and metal oxide or metal hydroxide to generate an unsaturated product. The unsaturated product is mixed with a polyhydroxy compound, polyamine, or organic peroxide and the resultant compounded fluoroelastomer is crosslinked.

Abstract: This invention relates to a formaldehyde-free curable aqueous composition containing a polyacid, a polyol and a phosphorous-containing accelerator. The composition may be used as a binder for heat resistant nonwovens such as nonwovens composed of fiberglass.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the oxidation, in the melt by means of oxygen or oxygen-containing gas mixtures, of ethylene homopolymer and copolymer waxes prepared using metallocene catalysts, wherein the oxidation of the polyethylene wax is carried out with addition of monobasic or polybasic inorganic acids or monobasic or polybasic carboxylic acids having from 1 to 6 or from 2 to 6 carbon atoms. The process gives waxes having a low melt viscosity and a light color.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of hydrocarbon solutions of monofunctional ether initiators of the following general structure: M—Qn—Z—O—[A(R1R2R3)] wherein M is an alkali metal selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium and potassium; Q is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group derived by incorporation of a compound selected from the group consisting of conjugated diene hydrocarbons, alkenylsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbons, and mixtures thereof into the M—Z linkage; Z is a branched or straight chain hydrocarbon group which contains 3-25 carbon atoms, optionally containing aryl or substituted aryl groups; A is an element selected from carbon and silicon; R1, R2, and R3 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl groups containing lower alkyl, lower alkylthio, and lower dialkylamino groups, aryl or substituted aryl groups containing lower alkyl, lower alkylthio, and lower dialkylamino groups, and n is an integer from 1 to 5, monof

Abstract: Stable electron acceptor compositions are composed of a plurality of pillared metal complexes disposed on a supporting substrate. At least one Group VIII metal at zero valence is entrapped within this matrix. The complexes comprise from one to about 100 units of the formula: —(Y1O3—Z—Y2O3)MeY— Y1 and Y2 being phosphorus or arsenic; Z being a divalent group which reversibly forms a stable reduced form and contains two conjugated cationic centers having a negative E°red value; and MeY being a divalent, trivalent, or tetravalent metal of Group III, IVA, or IVB having an atomic number of at least 21 or a lanthanide with bonded anions. The units are bound to the substrate through an organic polymer having side chains derivatized with phosphonate or arsonate groups. Counter anions balance the charge of Z. The compositions can be used in the decomposition of water to yield hydrogen gas, the sensing of oxygen, and as catalysts.

Abstract: A solid nucleophilic reagent for the conversion of benzylic halogen functionality on polymers to other functionalities, and methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: Purification of physiological liquids of organism is performed by passing a physiological liquid with toxicants removed from a patient through a material which has a size a shape, and a structure selected so as to remove toxic compounds in the molecular range of 300 to 30000 Dalton from the physiological liquid and which is composed of a porous hydrophobic divinylbenzene copolymer which initially has surface exposed vinyl groups in which thereafter the vinyl groups are chemically modified so as to form different surface exposed functional groups with a greater hydrophilicity and greater biocompatibility than those of the vinyl groups.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rubber composition and a pneumatic tire using the rubber composition. A rubber composition comprises silica in an amount of 10 to 85 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of natural rubber and/or diene synthetic rubbers. A polysulfide silane coupling agent having a specific distribution of sulfur reacts with a trivalent phosphorus compound such that a content of high polysulfide in the polysulfide silane coupling agent is reduced. The rubber composition further comprises 1 to 20% by weight, based on an amount of the silica, of the polysulfide silane coupling agent having a specific distribution of sulfur such that a content of high polysulfide component is small. The pneumatic tire has an excellent low heat buildup property.

Abstract: A resin composition for powder coating, which comprises the following components (A), (B) and (C): (A) a carboxyl group-containing resin having a number average molecular weight of from 1,000 to 20,000, an acid value of from 5 to 200 and a glass transition temperature of from 30 to 120.degree. C.; (B) tris(.beta.-methylglycidyl) isocyanurate of formula (1); and (C) as a ring opening polymerization inhibitor, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of amines having in their molecules a bond of formula (2); and onium salts.

Abstract: A method of (co)polymerizing vinyl and/or diene monomers comprising contacting the monomers with a (co)polymeriztion composition under conditions effective to (co)polymerize the monomers, wherein the (co)polymerization composition comprises: (a) an organic peroxide component, and (b) a heteropoly acid, in an amount effective to lower the onset temperature of decomposition of the organic peroxide component with the proviso that if the heteropoly acid is phosphomolybdic acid the organic peroxide is not a peroxydicarbonate.

Abstract: Molding compositions MC having a reduced tendency to yellow with thermal stress which consist of a polymer PM containing units of formula I: ##STR1## blending from 0.005-1 wt % of at least one reducing inorganic phosphorus compound IP selected from the group consisting of phosphinic and phosphonic acid and its alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal, aluminum and ammonium salts, wherein the ammonium ion can be substituted with up to four C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and/or C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl groups, with the polymer PM after conclusion of the imidation reaction.

Abstract: Graft copolymers are obtainable bya) reacting vinylaromatic compounds with conjugated dienes to form polymers A) which contain C.dbd.C double bonds,b) hydroformylating C.dbd.C double bonds present in the polymer A) in the presence of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and a hydroformylation catalyst to form a polymer B),c) isolating the partially or completely hydroformylated polymer B),d) carrying out a C--C-coupling reaction on the formyl groups of the polymer B) with incorporation of a vinylaromatic unit to form a polymer C) ande) reacting the polymer C) with vinylaromatic compounds in the presence of a metallocene catalyst system.

Abstract: Elastomeric vinylidene fluoride-containing copolymers are cured by a sequential process. In a first step, gum fluoroelastomer is mixed at a temperature of 150.degree. C.-250.degree. C. in the presence of an organic base and metal oxide or metal hydroxide to generate an unsaturated product. The unsaturated product is mixed with a polyhydroxy compound, polyamine, or organic peroxide and the resultant compounded fluoroelastomer is crosslinked.

Abstract: An acrylic elastomer composition, which comprises a carboxyl group-containing acrylic elastomer, a polyfunctional isocyanate compound or a blocked isocyanate, and at least one of a guanidine, a quaternary onium salt, a tertiary amine and a tertiary phosphine has an improved scorch resistance without lowering the normal state physical properties, heat resistance and compression set characteristics of the resulting vulcanization products, when the polyfunctional isocyanate used, or has an improved scorch resistance, particulary at high temperatures, without lowering the vulcanization speed when the blocked isocyanate is used.

Abstract: A bisphenol compound represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## where R is an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkylidene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkylidene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a SO.sub.2 group or an O group; and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, aryl groups, alkylaryl groups or aralkyl groups, each having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, can give vulcanization products having a good resistance to hot water, when used as a cross-linking agent for terpolymers of tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether)/ethylenically unsaturated cure site monomer.

Abstract: The invention disclosed involves the use of heteropoly acids as promoters to decompose organic peroxides.

Abstract: Cosmetic compositions contain a polymer with the repeating structural unit (I) ##STR1## where the radicals have the meanings stated in the description.

Abstract: A polymer includes an ethylene-containing backbone having substituents attached thereto, wherein the substituents include a urethane linked nitrogen-bonded hydrocarbon side chain having about 5 carbon atoms or more in length and a terminal methyl group; and an oxygen linked water solubilizing group. The polymer is particularly useful in a release coating composition and is suitable for forming films from aqueous dispersions thereof, organic solvent dispersions thereof, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Flame retarding additives prepared by way of reaction of:A) one or more nitrogenous organic compounds of a defined formula;B) P.sub.2 O.sub.5 ;C) H.sub.2 O.

Abstract: A formaldehyde-free curable composition useful for binding nonwovens comprises(a) a polyacid comprising at least two carboxylic acid groups, anhydride groups, or salts of the polyacid thereof;(b) an active hydrogen compound containing at least two active hydrogen groups selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, primary amino, secondary amino, and mixtures thereof; and(c) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of cyanamide, dicyandiamide, 1,2-mono- or di-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl) substituted-3-cyanoguanidines such as ethyl-3-cyanoguanidine, 1,2-diethyl-3-cyanoguanidine, and 1,2-diisopropyl-3-cyanoguanidine, and 1,2-mono- or di-(C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 aryl) substituted-3-cyanoguanidines, such as phenyl-dicyandiamide; and, optionally(d) an accelerator;wherein the ratio of the number of equivalents of said carboxylic acid groups, anhydride groups, or salts thereof to the number of equivalents of said active hydrogen groups is from 1/0.

Abstract: It is contemplated to provide an industrially adapted method for producing a dimerization product of acrylonitrile, which method is capable of producing a straight chain dimer of acrylonitrile efficiently at a high yield in a simple manner using a highly active catalyst exhibiting superior stability, without suffering from occurrence of difficulty removable by-products. In the method according to the present invention, acrylonitrile is subjected to dimerization in the presence of a ruthenium complex composed of a central atom of ruthenium and ligands including cyclopentadiene or its derivative coordinating thereto. The dimerization product, such as adiponitrile, 1,4-dicyanobutene or 1,4-dicyanobutadiene, is useful as an intermediate for producing hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, both serving for the starting material of nylon 66, or as an intermediate for producing, for example, an antirusting agent and a vulcanization accelerator for rubbers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solution of a polyacrylate resin in one or more organic solvents, containing one or more phosphites, characterized in that the solution contains from 0.05 to 1.0% by weight, based on the solids content of the acrylate resin solution, of one or more phosphites and in that the phosphite has been added, either partially or entirely, after the polymerization reaction, at a temperature below the polymerization temperature.The present invention further relates to coating compositions which contain these polyacrylate resin solutions, their use in processes for producing a multilayer protective and/or decorative coating on a substrate surface, and the use of the coating compositions in the automotive refinishing sector.

Abstract: Stable electron acceptor compositions are composed of a plurality of pillared metal complexes disposed on a supporting substrate. At least one Group VIII metal at zero valence is entrapped within this matrix. The complexes comprise from one to about 100 units of the formula:--(Y.sup.1 O.sub.3 --Z--Y.sup.2 O.sub.3)Me.sup.Y --Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 being phosphorus or arsenic; Z being a divalent group which reversibly forms a stable reduced form and contains two conjugated cationic centers having a negative E.sup..smallcircle..sub.red value; and Me.sup.Y being a divalent, trivalent, or tetravalent metal of Group IIIA, IIIB, IVA, or IVB having an atomic number of at least 21 or a lanthanide with bonded anions. The units are bound to the substrate through an organic polymer having side chains derivatized with phosphonate or arsonate groups. Counter anions balance the charge of Z. The compositions can be used in the decomposition of water to yield hydrogen gas, the sensing of oxygen, and as catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process of curing a fluorocarbon elastomeric composition comprising: providing a mixture of a saturated elastomeric gum comprising repeating interpolymerized units derived from vinylidene fluoride and a perfluorinated ether of the formula CF.sub.2 .dbd.CF(CF.sub.2).sub.m --O--R.sub..function. wherein m =1-4, R.sub..function. is a perfluorinated aliphatic group optionally containing O atoms, at least one crosslinking agent, and an acid acceptor; shaping the mixture; and curing the resulting shaped article.

Abstract: Water-soluble polymers including functionalization from the group of amino groups, carboxylic acid groups, phosphonic acid groups, phosphonic ester groups, acylpyrazolone groups, hydroxamic acid groups, aza crown ether groups, oxy crown ethers groups, guanidinium groups, amide groups, ester groups, aminodicarboxylic groups, permethylated polyvinylpyridine groups, permethylated amine groups, mercaptosuccinic acid groups, alkyl thiol groups, and N-alkylthiourea groups are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions based on elastomeric polymers of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropene and optionally tetrafluoroethylene suitable for providing microcellular foamed vulcanized articles by extrusion or compression molding. In the case of the production of extruded articles based on vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropene copolymers, the compositions comprise: the copolymer, bisphenol AF, a quaternary phosphonium or aminophosphonium salt, azodicarbonamide, MgO, Ca(OH).sub.2, zinc stearate and a plasticizer, each of the components being contained in an exactly defined proportion.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing elastomer comprising vinylidene fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene having a high fluorine content (e.g. at least 68% by weight) can be vulcanized with a polyol-based cross-linking agent by further copolymerizing 2H-pentafluoropropylene into the elastomer, whereby the resulting vulcanization products having improved characteristics such as rheological properties, normal state physical properties and compression set can be obtained. Vulcanization products obtained by vulcanization with a polyol-based cross-linking agent and a quaternary onium salt compound have a good permeation resistance to fuel oil as a result of a permeation test with a mixed solvent of gasoline/methanol in a volume ratio of 85/15.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyacetal copolymer, which is extremely heat-stable and is extremely reduced in the quantity of unstable terminals even in a high polymerization yield in which trioxane as the principal monomer, comprises copolymerization of trioxane as the principal monomer with a cyclic ether or cyclic formal having at least one carbon-to-carbon bond as the comonomer by using a specific heteropoly-acid or acid salt thereof as a polymerization catalyst until the content of the remaining monomers is lowered to at most 10% by weight based on all the monomers fed, adding 0.01 to 10% by weight, based on the resulting crude polymer, of a solution containing a catalyst deactivator, or contacting a basic gas as the deactivator to deactivate the catalyst, and subjecting the crude polymer as such to heat melting treatment without washing thereof.

Abstract: This invention concerns the utilization of polymeric compounds generated from Mannich base macromonomers as lubricant oil and fuel additives or intermediates to such additives. Requisite macromonomers are generated via Mannich reaction of high molecular weight alkyl phenols and unsaturated amines. Homopolymers of the Mannich base macromonomers or copolymers with activated unsaturated monomers, such as maleic anhydride, are of particular interest as crankcase dispersants. For example, functionalization of Mannich base macromonomer/maleic anhydride copolymers with amines affords effective crankcase dispersants. Such polymeric dispersants are designed to impart superior sludge protection and improved viscometrics to lubricant oils.

Abstract: Molding compositions MC having a reduced tendency to yellow with thermal stress which consist of a polymer PM containing units of formula I: ##STR1## blending from 0.005-1 wt % of at least one reducing inorganic phosphorus compound IP selected from the group consisting of phosphinic and phosphonic acid and its alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal, a aluminum and ammonium salts, wherein the ammonium ion can be substituted with up to four C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and/or C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl groups, with the polymer PM after conclusion of the imidation reaction.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with improved chelating resins. More particularly, the present invention is concerned with macroporous, aminoalkylphosphonic or iminodiacetic acid chelating resins having improved stability and capacity in the removal of cations (e.g. calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium) from brines and in the removal of metals (e.g. nickel, copper and zinc) from waste streams.

Abstract: A process for epoxidizing unsaturated polymers comprising reacting an unsaturated polymer with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of (a) tungstic acid or its metal salts, (b) phosphoric acid or its metal salts, and (c) at least one phase transfer catalyst.

Abstract: This invention relates to a formaldehyde-free curable aqueous composition containing a polyacid, a polyol and a phosphorous-containing accelerator. The composition may be used as a binder for heat resistant nonwovens such as nonwovens composed of fiberglass.

Abstract: This invention provides a curable fluoroelastomer composition comprising: (A) a fluorine-containing polymer or a blend of fluorine-containing polymers each comprising interpolymerized units derived from one or more fluorine-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers; (B) an aromatic polyhydroxy crosslinking agent; (C) at least one organo-onium compound; and (D) a monohydroxyfunctional phenol. The compositions provide for a method of improving scorch safety of curable fluoroelastomer compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to powder coating compositions wherein the binder contains copolymers which are solid below 30.degree. C., prepared from olefinically unsaturated compounds and have a weight-average molecular weight (M.sub.w) of 1500 to 75,000, a content of free hydroxyl groups of 0.2 to 6.0% by weight and a content of intramolecular carboxylic acid anhydride groups (calculated as C.sub.4 H.sub.2 O.sub.3) of 1 to 30% by weight.

Abstract: A polyvinyl alcohol-based fiber having a gel elastic modulus of 0.05.times.10.sup.-3 to 8.0.times.10.sup.-3 g/cm.multidot.dr, a hot water shrinkage (Wsr) of 10% or higher, and a strength of 3 g/d or higher.

Abstract: A Koch functionalized product which is the reaction product of at least one polymer having a number average molecular weight of at least 500 and at least ethylenic double bond per polymer chain, with carbon monoxide and a nucleophilic trapping agent. The invention includes functionalized polymer, derivatives thereof and methods of making the same.

Abstract: An ion exchange resin is disclosed that is comprised of an insoluble copolymer onto which are grafted pendent groups that provide 1.0 to about 10 mmol/g dry weight phosphorous. The pendent groups have the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, a cation or mixtures thereof; and R.sup.1 is hydrogen or an C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl group. The resin also contains zero to about 5 mmol/g dry weight of pendent aromatic sulfonate groups. Processes for making and using an ion exchange-resin are also disclosed.

Abstract: A surfactant-modified polymer and method of making the same. The surfactant-modified polymer has a polycarboxylate backbone with nonionic surfactant chemically associated therewith and is formed by the reaction of a reactant compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and mixtures thereof in an aqueous media in the presence of a nonionic surfactant.