Abstract: A chlorinated ethylene-alpha olefin-nonconjugated diolefin terpolymer having a chlorine content of from about 0.5 to 14 percent by weight characterized by superior viscosity stability on storage or exposure to elevated temperatures is obtained by chlorinating an ethylene-alpha olefin-nonconjugated diolefin terpolymer wherein said nonconjugated diolefin is an acyclic nonconjugated diolefin characterized in that one olefinic bond is monosubstituted and terminal and the other olefinic bond is trisubstituted. A vulcanizable rubber composition comprising said chlorinated ethylene-alpha olefin-nonconjugated diolefin terpolymer and cure active agents is also provided.

Abstract: This invention provides fluorine-containing polymers having a plurality of thioorgano groups. These polymers are prepared by reacting a fluoropolymer precursor with one or more, organic, thiolate compounds thereby modifying the fluoropolymer precursor by grafting onto its backbone the thioorgano groups. Said thioorgano groups may contain functional moieties that modify the cure properties, bulk properties or compatibility of the thioorgano fluoropolymer precursor. This invention also provides shaped or formed cured articles, coatings and solutions comprising the thioorgano fluoropolymers, and blends thereof with other compatible polymers.

Abstract: Oxyalkylated, carboxyl-containing polymers are prepared by reacting(A) a polymer which contains one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -carboxylic acids as copolymerized units with(B) an alkylene oxidein an aqueous medium at not more than 120.degree. C. by a process in which the reaction is started at a pH of from 5.0 to 5.9 and is ended after a pH of from 5.5 to 8.5 has been reached. As a result of monitoring of the pH, the selectivity of the addition reaction of alkylene oxides with the polymers (A) is substantially improved compared with known processes.

Abstract: This new thiophenol, prepared by reduction of tertiary butyl-4-toluenesulfonyl-2-chloride with the zinc-sulphuric acid couple, can be used as a stabilizer for vinyl chloride polymers, as a chain-transfer agent and as a peptizer.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymers which contain amino-sulfide age-resistant groups, and their preparation by reaction of aminomercaptans.

Abstract: A light-sensitive composition which is developable with an aqueous alkaline solution, comprising (a) at least one light-sensitive resin obtained by adding an active mercaptocarboxylic acid to a part of carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds of a polymer having at least two photodimerizable unsaturated double bonds adjacent to an aromatic nucleus in the main chain thereof and (b) optionally at least one negative-working diazo resin. The light-sensitive composition makes it possible to prepare a light-sensitive plate capable of developing with an aqueous alkaline solution without forming insoluble substances in the developer during the development and the adhesive force between the substrate and the light-sensitive layer of the plate is increased, which in turn substantially improves the printing durability of the lithographic printing plate as a final product.

Abstract: Epoxy and epoxy novolak resins are impact modified by adding an effective amount of a acrylamide diene nitrile rubber terpolymer to the resin. In a preferred embodiment, the acrylamide diene nitrile rubber includes an acid or ester group attached to the acrylamide portion of the polymer generally through a thiol group. The liquid terpolymer is reacted in the presence of acid catalysts with the resin to provide impact modification.

Abstract: This invention relates to a p-methyl styrene polymer represented by the following formula: ##STR1## Z denotes a group such as a functional group. Poly p-methylstyrene (PPMS) is lithiated by reaction with n-butyllithium. The lithiated PPMS is used to prepare polymers containing functional groups. As an example, a solution of PPMS (MW 260,000), 1.0 g in 20 ml of cyclohexane, was reacted with n-butyllithium, 8.5 mmol, and tetramethylethylenediamine, 8.7 mmol, for 20 hours to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate was dissolved in THF, and CO.sub.2 was blown into the solution. The solution was washed with an aqueous solution of HCl and dropped into methanol to obtain a solid polymer having carboxyl group functionality.

Abstract: This invention provides fluorine-containing polymers having at least one thioorgano group. These polymers are prepared by reacting a fluoropolymer precursor with one or more, organic, thiolate compounds thereby modifying the fluoropolymer precursor by grafting onto its backbone the thioorgano groups. Said thioorgano groups may contain functional moieties that modify the cure properties, bulk, properties or compatibility of the thioorgano fluoropolymer precursor. This invention also provides shaped or formed cured articles, coatings and solutions comprising the thioorgano fluoropolymers, and blends thereof with other compatible polymers.

Abstract: Polymer bound stabilizer compounds are provided in which two or more different classes of stabilizers are chemically bound to anhydride containing polymers or copolymers. The polymeric stabilizers are prepared by the reaction of primary amino or hydrazido substituted stabilizers (i.e., antioxidants, light stabilizers, etc.) with some or all of the anhydride groups of the polymer or copolymer to form pendant stabilizer substituted imide or amic acid groups. The polymer bound stabilizers are not lost from the polymer system by volatilization, migration or extraction, even at high temperatures. The polymer bound stabilizer compounds may be used as concentrates to stabilize other polymer systems.

Abstract: Polymer bound antioxidants are provided in which the antioxidant stabilizer groups are chemically bound to polymers or copolymers by an acylaminoimide or diacylhydrazide function. The polymer bound antioxidants are prepared by reacting hydrazido substituted antioxidants with some or all of the anhydride groups of anhydride containing polymers or copolymers. The concentration of the stabilizers bound to the polymer may be readily varied depending upon the particular end-use of said polymer. Polymer with high concentrations of bound antioxidants can be used as masterbatches to stabilize other polymer systems.

Abstract: Homo- or copolymers which have terminal mercapto groups, are composed of one or more monomers from the group consisting of butadiene, isoprene and styrene and are obtained by anionic polymerization of one or more of the stated monomers in the presence of one or more organolithium compounds followed by reaction (of the living anions) with an episulfide of the general formula I ##STR1## where R is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms or aryl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms, with the formation of one or more primary or secondary mercapto groups at the end of the polymer chain(s) are prepared by a process in which a thiolcarboxylic acid of the general formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms or --CH.sub.2 --COOH and R.sup.2 is 0 or from 1 to 10 CH.sub.2 units, is added directly to the resulting reaction mixture in an amount of from 0.

Abstract: Polythiol crosslinking agents are used in combination with electron beam and/or photoinitiator ultraviolet cure to enhance the high temperature shear properties of rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesives.

Abstract: A resin for solid phase peptide synthesis and a method for synthesizing the resin wherein the resin has a sulfoxide linkage which is stable to strong acid deprotecting conditions. The linkage can be reduced to a sulfide linkage which allows cleavage of the peptide from the resin under mild acid conditions.

Abstract: Polymer or copolymer having a chain carrying terminal and/or side-chain groups: ##STR1## in which R is an H or a C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 alkyl, m is 0 to 6, n is 1 to 10 and p is 1 to 10, one, some or all of the p double bonds being saturatable by an active group.

Abstract: A curable composition comprising chlorinated polyethylene containing 20 to 50 weight percent chlorine, from 0.75 to 3 parts per 100 parts by weight chlorinated polyethylene of a polymercapto compound such as 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, from 0.5 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight chlorinated polyethylene of an acid acceptor such as magnesium oxide, from 0.25 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts chlorinated polyethylene of a polyhydric alcohol. Preferably the composition contains an initiator which is an amine, quaternary ammonium compound or a phosphonium compound.

Abstract: Disclosed is a new partial capping synthesis wherein resinous mixtures containing controlled amounts of phenolic hydroxyl and/or mercapto functionality, and aliphatic hydroxyl functionality are synthesized. Such synthesis comprises providing one or more resins which in total contain aliphatic primary and/or secondary hydroxyl functionality and oxirane functionality. A single resin or blend of resins may provide the requisite functionality. The one or more resins then are reacted with a carboxyl-functional capping agent bearing phenolic hydroxyl functionality and/or mercapto functionality. This reaction is conducted under reaction conditions and for a time such that the carboxyl functionality of the capping agent selectively reacts with the oxirane functionality of the one or more resins to produce a resinous product containing aliphatic hydroxyl functionality and containing phenolic hydroxyl functionality and/or mercapto functionality.

Abstract: Useful boosters in admixture with a peptiser for viscosity degradation of diene rubber or its mixtures are:(a) Iron(II)- and iron(III)-salts of inorganic acids;(b) Iron(II)- and iron(III)-salts of organic carboxylic acids;(c) Iron(II)- and iron(III)-salts of mercaptans;(d) Iron(II)- and iron(III)-complexes of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid;(e) Iron(II)- and iron(III)-cyanide complexes;(f) Iron(II)- and iron(III)-complexes with dimethyl glyoxime;(g) Iron(II)- and iron(III)-salts of quinolin carboxylic acid or sulfosalicylic acid.

Abstract: Highly uniform polymeric microbeads of a predetermined size, preferably having an attached fluorescent label on the surface, are prepared by causing seed particles to swell by absorption of a plurality of low molecular weight substances, at least one of which is a monomer having a reactive functional group. After absorption, the monomer is internally polymerized, and the reactive functional group is preferably reacted with a polyfunctional spacing agent thereby to provide a second reactive functional group. The latter is then reacted with a fluorescent label to provide the labeled microbead.

Abstract: Highly uniform polymeric microbeads of a predetermined size, preferably having an attached fluorescent label on the surface, are prepared by causing seed particles to swell by absorption of a plurality of low molecular weight substances, at least one of which is a monomer having a reactive functional group. After absorption, the monomer is internally polymerized, and the reactive functional group is preferably reacted with a polyfunctional spacing agent thereby to provide a second reactive functional group. The latter is then reacted with a fluorescent label to provide the labeled microbead.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of cross-linking a halogenated polymer be nucleophilic substitution of the halogen atoms by means of a coupling agent constituted by an organo-metallic thiolate, wherein said coupling thiolate is an alkaline or alkaline-earth thiolate not comprising an amine function, of general formula: ##STR1## in which: Me designates an alkaline or alkaline-earth metal;R.sub.1 designates an aliphatic or aromatic radical and;R.sub.2 designates a group selected from the group constituted by: ##STR2## in which R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 designate an alkyl or aryl group not comprising an amine function.

Abstract: Perfluoroalkyl alkylene substituted polydienes are described which are obtained by addition of perfluoroalkyl-alkylene thiols to polydienes and which are useful as hard, oil- and water repellent coatings on metal, paper, wood, glass ceramics, textiles or leather.

Abstract: A window sealant formulation comprising a partially saturated alkanethiol adduct of polybutadiene or polyisoprene is disclosed. The window sealant exhibits good thermal stability, low water vapor transmission rate, non-sulfurous odor, low volatility, and acceptable elongation.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymers of the formula ##STR1## wherein Z is polystyrene, or a copolymer comprising styrene and a comonomer or comonomers.Y is selected from the group comprising nitro, acyl, carboxyl, formyl, cyano, carbalkoxy, sulfone, carboxyamide, or halogen; andR is hydroxy, aryloxy, alkoxy, halogen, formyloxy, acyloxy, cyano, amino, substituted amino, carboxyamine, thiol, alkylthio, arylthio, aralkylthio or acylthio, useful in peptide synthesis.

Abstract: Sulfur vulcanizable partially hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate terpolymers and processes for producing these products are disclosed.

Abstract: A polymer having a fluorine-containing end group which is produced by polymerizing a monomer capable of radical polymerization in the presence of a fluorine-containing thiol; a vinyl ester polymer having a fluorine-containing end group which is produced by polymerizing vinyl ester in the presence of a fluorine-containing thiol; and vinyl alcohol polymer having a fluorine-containing end group which is produced by saponifying the said vinyl ester polymer; and processes for producing the same are provided.The polymers of this invention are superior in water repellency, oil repellency, heat resistance, chemical resistance, and surface activity which are characteristic of fluorocarbon compounds, and are expected to find use in various application areas.

Abstract: Compositions which remain flexible when cured comprising low T.sub.g polymers containing pendant unsaturation, polyfunctional mercaptan, and vanadium compound, are disclosed. The compositions, which cure upon exposure to air and become tack-free rapidly, are especially suitable for roof mastics, coatings, and caulks.

Abstract: An electroconductive polyolefin composition comprising (1) 100 parts by weight of a polyolefin resin, (2) 10 to 60 parts by weight of carbon black, (3) 0.1 to 6 parts by weight of sulfur and (4) at least 0.1 part by weight of one or two specified accelerators, and optionally containing 5 to 60 parts by weight of atactic polypropylene.

Abstract: Vulcanisable, elastomeric chloroprene-sulphur copolymers having viscosities of from 60 to 35 MU, strengths of >20 MPa and sulphur contents of from about 0.5 to 0.7%, by weight, in the batch are obtained by polymerising chloroprene in the presence of from 0.10 to 0.35%, by weight, of sulphur to form a latex I, polymerising chloroprene in the presence of from 0.50 to 1.00% by weight, of sulphur to form a latex II, mixing latices I and II in a ratio of from 4:1 to 1:4 (based in each case on solids), optionally together with other sulphur-modified polychloroprene latices, the mixture is peptised and worked-up to form the solid rubber, the percentages quoted being based on the quantity of monomer.

Abstract: Novel organic polymers have a chain carrying active groups, a hydroxyl, alkoxy, halogen, thiol or sulphide group or a second active group being attached as a substituent to a carbon which is in the alpha position with respect to that carrying the first active group. The preparation of these polymers is advantageously effected using polymers carrying epoxide bridges, which are opened by the action of an active cosmetological or other active compound. These polymers are particularly suitable for the protection of the skin against solar radiation, as creams or gels for the skin and for the hair and/or as pigments.

Abstract: Improved tack, green strength or non-black filler interaction capability are realized in a treated diene rubber. The method of treating diene rubber to achieve the improvements is shown, together with a composition in which maleamic acid or derivatives of maleamic acid are combined with sulfur or an organic sulfur compound capable of generating a thiyl radical.

Abstract: A catalyst for the preparation of bisphenols from phenols and compounds containing carbonyl groups consisting of a styrene/divinyl benzene copolymer into which are introduced sulphochloride groups which, in turn, have been partly reacted with mercaptoalkylamine and partly hydrolyzed to form sulphonic acid groups.

Abstract: A process for producing a readily crosslinkable liquid, fluorine-containing polymer having a narrow range of molecular weight distribution and containing iodine in the molecule in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the weight of the polymer, which comprises polymerizing vinylidene fluoride and at least one other fluoroolefin in the presence of a radical-producing source and an iodinated compound of the formula: Rf/I.sub.x wherein Rf is a saturated perfluorocarbon group, a saturated perfluorochlorocarbon group or a saturated fluorochlorohydrocarbon group and x is an integer of not less than 1 corresponding to the bonding valency of Rf while maintaining the proportion of the mole number of the monomeric components (M) to the mole number of the iodinated compound (I) in a range between 10 and 1,200.

Abstract: A vulcanization system consisting of(a) 20-50 parts by weight of sulphur or 20-50 parts by weight of a sulphur donor,(b) 20-50 parts by weight of an accelerator of the mercapto or sulphenamide group,(c) 0-10 parts by weight of a conventional accelerator additive, and(d) 20-50 parts by weight of a compound corresponding to the general formula (i): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.5 are identical or different and denote hydrogen, halogen, nitro, cyano, CF.sub.3, CCl.sub.3, carboxyl, an alkoxy group containing 1-4 C-atoms in the alkyl part, or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group but the groups R.sub.1 -R.sub.5 must not all be hydrogen;x represents 1-4, preferably 2-3,y represents 0 or 1, andZ denotes divalent groups such as ##STR2## C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkylene, C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 cycloalkylene, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 arylene or C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 arylalkylene, andR.sub.6 denotes the group corresponding to the formula: ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 -R.sub.5 have the meaning indicated above and may all be hydrogen;C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of treating hydrogels formed from the polymerization of monomers having reactive olefinic double bonds by contacting them with reactive thiol compounds. In a preferred embodiment where the hydrogel structure includes a cis-glycol containing unit, a suitable thiol is used in conjunction with a borate buffer. The present invention also provides materials that are treated with the above thiol compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to modified polyvinylchloride, wherein part of the chlorine atoms are replaced by groups of the formula --S--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --R--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --R).sub.n --Alk, wherein R is selected from oxygen, sulfur and --NH--, where R may also designate a bond, where Alk designates an alkyl group of up to 14 carbon atoms, and where n is zero or an integer of from 1 to 100, and to a process for the production of such modified polyvinylchloride polymers which comprises reacting an aqueous emulsion or suspension of polyvinylchloride in the presence of a solvent adapted to cause swelling of the PVC particles with a compound of the formula Alk--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --R).sub.n --R--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --SH, wherein Alk, R and n are as defined above.

Abstract: As new products, poly-(alpha-alkoxy)acrylamides containing 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms in the alkoxy group. The foregoing polymeric materials are readily complexed with water or low molecular weight hydroxy- or thiol-containing organic compounds. The polymers are useful as oil recovery agents.

Abstract: Vulcanizable rubber compositions are described which are inhibited from premature vulcanization by activated methylene di(thioethers) in which the adjacent activating groups are either carbonyl or cyano. Novel compounds are also described.

Abstract: A polymer suitable for use in affinity chromatography comprising a polymer f an aminimide and a vinyl compound having at least one pendant halo-methyl group and the said polymer wherein an amine ligand which affords sites for binding in affinity chromatography is coupled to the polymer by reaction with a portion of the pendant halo-methyl groups and the remainder of said pendant halo-methyl groups are reacted with an amine containing a pendant hydrophilic group. The invention also comprises a method of coating a substrate with the above polymer and a method of fractionating mixtures by affinity chromatography employing the above polymer as an adsorbent.

Abstract: There are disclosed vulcanizable compositions of vinylidene fluoride copolymer elastomers comprising, in addition to the elastomeric fluoride copolymer, an inorganic acid acceptor, a basic compound, a polyhydroxy or polythiol vulcanizing agent, and an aminophosphinic compound of the class of phosphoraneamine and phosphorimidic acid triamide. The presence of the aminophosphinic compound facilitates satisfactory vulcanization rates without scorching. The vulcanized fluorinated elastomers produced therefrom may be used as gaskets for sealing purposes and as protective layers in contact with corrosive chemical agent. They are particularly useful in applications requiring strong adhesion to metallic surfaces even under severe temperature conditions.

Abstract: Liquid vinylidene (CH.sub.2 .dbd.C<) terminated polymers are prepared by the reaction of a (1) liquid polymer having a terminal functional group selected from the group consisting of carboxyl, hydroxyl, mercaptan, amine and epoxy and (2) a compound containing both an epoxy group ##STR1## and a vinylidene group. The reaction can be catalyzed using a base. The polymers cure readily to solid elastomers which are useful as sealants, caulks, potting compounds, coatings and the like.

Abstract: Amine polymers are used to dewater suspensions of particulate matter in water. The polymers are synthesized by the reaction of a nitrile polymer such as polyacrylonitrile, an aminating agent, and a sulfur activator. The dewatering properties of these amine polymers can be beneficially employed to treat sewage sludge, silt laden water, industrial waste and the like.

Abstract: An ungelled composition of matter comprising a compound containing groups reactive with isocyanate, a compound containing groups reactive with mercaptan, and a carbamothioate curing agent adapted to generate a plurality of curing units upon being subjected to heating above about critical temperature. The generated curing units contain isocyanate groups, mercaptan groups, or combinations thereof. In preferred embodiments of this invention, the ungelled composition is adapted for use in powder coatings, anodic electrocoating, and cathodic electrocoating.

Abstract: Isobutylene-based elastomers containing 3-15 mol percent enchained cyclic diolefin such as cyclopentadiene, and other comonomers such as isoprene, piperylene and butadiene to allow for chemical modification with anhydride, carboxy, hydroxy, etc. to produce a one package through cure system.

Abstract: Acrylonitrile polymers containing at least 91% by weight acrylonitrile are spun from solutions having a polymer concentration of 38 to 75% by weight. Useful polymers have an intrinsic viscosity of 0.6 to 2.0, most preferably 0.9 to 1.1, 7 to 23 .mu.eq./g. enolizable groups after mild acid treatment, 15 to 70 .mu.eq./g. thioether ends derived from a water insoluble mercaptan and less than 3 .mu.eq./g. oxidizable hydrolysis fragments.

Abstract: A process for preparing acrylonitrile polymer plexifilamentary strands comprises dispersing in water 25 to 45% by weight of an acrylic polymer containing at least 91% by weight acrylonitrile units and up to 9% by weight of one or more copolymeric units and having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.6 to 2.0, 7 to 23 .mu.eq./g. enolizable groups after mild acid treatment, 15 to 70 .mu.eq./g. thioether ends derived from a water insoluble mercaptan and less than 3 .mu.eq./g. oxidizable hydrolysis fragments, heating the dispersion to a temperature of 200.degree. to 300.degree. C. while maintaining the dispersion under sufficient pressure to maintain the water in the liquid state, the time of heating not exceeding about 30 minutes, and promptly flash-extruding the dispersion through an orifice into a region of substantially lower temperature and pressure to form a continuous strand of filbrillated plexifilaments.

Abstract: Beta-hydroxyl polysulphoniums are prepared from polymers having epoxy groups in the polymeric chain or on the side chains. The polymer is treated with one or more mercaptans or thiols in the presence of a catalyst which opens the oxirane bridges, in particular a basic catalyst, after which the remaining epoxy groups are eliminated by the action of an acid; the resultant polysulphide is then reacted with an alkyl halide or ester in the absence of acid in order to form the polysulphonium. Purification of the product is then carried out. The products can be obtained in this manner in a form which is soluble or dispersible in water in a suitable state of purity, with good yields and with the desired hydrophilic-lipophilic ratio.

Abstract: Elemental sulfur modified polychloroprene rubbers having improved Mooney viscosity stability are prepared by blending a sol and a gel in a weight ratio of sol:gel of from 98:2 to 60:40 based on solids, wherein the gel contains 0.5 to 5 weight percent of a cross-linking agent comonomer, a trihydric ester of the general formula ##STR1## wherein x is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 4 and is preferably 0; y is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 4 and preferably 1; R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represent hydrogen or an alkyl radical with from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and is preferably CH.sub.3.

Abstract: Polymers are rendered more oxidatively stable by reaction with an antioxidant or stabilizer, generally a vinyl-group- or thiol group-containing antioxidant, in the presence of a free radical which may be produced by a redox system or ultra-violet light. The resulting polymers can be used as such or can be used as additives in other polymers to stabilize the latter.

Abstract: A hydrophilic polymer shaped article adapted for use as a soft contact lens is treated to provide at least on the surfaces thereof a modified, less hydrophilic polymeric structure inhibiting penetration by bacteria and proteins, whereby development of clouding and discoloration of the lens material during use is significantly retarded. Modification of the lens surfaces is effected by treatment of the lenses, either unhydrated or in a partially hydrated state, at a temperature ranging from room temperature to 100.degree. C. and for a time period of 1 to 24 hours, with a water-soluble mono- or poly-carboxylic acid selected from alpha-amino acids, such as arginine, cysteine, glycine and like acids, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids or aromatic dicarboxylic and tricarboxylic acids, such as malonic, maleic, glutaric, citraionic, itaconic acid and the like.