Abstract: Polyazo compounds, which include low molecular weight drugs having a carboxylic acid group and an amine, thiol, alcohol or phenol group within their structure, formed into polymeric drug delivery systems are provided. Also provided are methods of producing polymeric drug delivery systems having these polyazo compounds as well as methods of administering low molecular weight drugs to a host via the polymeric drug delivery systems.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cross-linker monomer of formula 1, a photoresist polymer derived from a monomer comprising the same, and a photoresist composition comprising the photoresist polymer. The cross-linking unit of the photoresist polymer can be hydrolyzed (or degraded or broken) by an acid generated from a photoacid generator on the exposed region. It is believed that this acid degradation of the cross-linking unit increases the contrast ratio between the exposed region and the unexposed region. The photoresist composition of the present invention has improved pattern profile, enhanced adhesiveness, excellent resolution, sensitivity, durability and reproducibility. where A, B, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and k are as defined herein.

Abstract: A modified polybutene(polyisobutylene) containing isobutylene repeating units and having, in the main chain, at the ends, and/or at the side chains of the polymer chain thereof, free radicals stable at a room temperature and in the presence of oxygen, or having a half-ester structure, amide structure, onium salt structure, or imide structure or acid anhydride residual group, as well as a rubber composition containing the same.

Abstract: A polymer, possibly fabricated as part of a medical device or as part of a medical prostheses (such as a contact lens) is functionalized to facilitate the introduction of functional groups, such as biomedical species including heparin. The polymer is reacted in an aqueous medium with a water soluble azo compound (such as cyanovaleric acid or 2-methylpropionamidine) to produce oxygen centered radicals responsible for introducing functional groups into the polymer.

Abstract: A resin composition for an aqueous paint, which comprises (a) a binder composed of different phase structure emulsion particles obtained by multi-stage emulsion polymerization, and (b) a compound having at least two hydrazide groups in its molecule, wherein the different phase structure emulsion particles have an outermost phase formed of an emulsion polymer which is an emulsion polymer of an ethylenic unsaturated monomer, having a glass transition temperature of from −50° C. to 15° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a composition comprising a vinylaromatic polymer matrix and particles of rubber, which comprises a step of polymerizing at least one vinylaromatic monomer in the presence of a rubber comprising a group which generates a stable free radical. The process makes it possible to obtain morphologies other than salami morphologies, such as the labyrinth, onion or capsule morphology, with the aim, for example, of enhancing the gloss of the high-impact vinylaromatic polymer.

Abstract: The nonlinear optically active copolymers according to the invention are polyadducts of at least one organic di- or polycyanate and a nonlinear optically active compound, i.e. a chromophore. These copolymers have outstanding thermal stability and are suitable for the fabrication of technically useful electro-optical and photonic components with long-term stability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a semicarbazide derivative represented by formula (1) or a terminal-blocked form thereof: wherein R1 represents a terminal isocyanate group-free polyisocyanate residue or a terminal isocyanate group-free triisocyanate residue; R2 represents an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, or an arylene group; each R3 independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; n is zero or 1; and each of and m is independently zero or a positive integer, provided l that l and m satisfy the relationship 3≦(l+m)≦20. Also disclosed is (&dgr;) a composition comprising (&agr;) at least one member selected from the group consisting of the semicarbazide derivative and a terminal-blocked form thereof and (&bgr;) at least one member selected from the group consisting of a hydrophilic group-containing compound and a terminal-blocked form thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a curable resin which comprises at least one polymer selected from polymers each independently having a polymer chain represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A to F are monomer units constituting a main chain of the polymer and are arranged in any order, and a to f are, respectively, wt % of A to F, based on the total weight of A to F; wherein each A is independently selected from cyclic olefin monomer units having no reactive group, each B is independently selected cyclic conjugated diene monomer units having no reactive group, each C to F is independently selected from comonomer units having no reactive group, and copolymerizable with A and B, wherein Q.sub.1 to Q.sub.6 are reactive groups, and wherein the average total number (J) of Q.sub.1 to Q.sub.6 of the at least one polymer satisfies: 1.ltoreq.(J).ltoreq.4, the polymer having an ME of from 1,000 to 5,000,000. A resin composition containing the curable resin is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing a deionizing resin, which comprises reacting an organic compound having at least one reactive hydroxy group and at least one active chelating site with an organic polymer matrix having at least one reactive --OH or --NH.sub.2 group, and thereby producing a chelated.sub.-- polymer complex, as shown in FIG. II or FIG. IV: ##STR1## Washing the polymer complex with water, followed by washing with a mineral acid solution and then again washing with water and thereby reducing the level of sodium, iron and chromium ions in the polymer complex to less than 100 ppb each.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel polymer suitable for use as an antireflective coating or as an additive in photoresist for absorption of reflected light. The novel polymer comprises at least one unit containing a dye that absorbs from about 180 nm to about 450 nm and at least one unit that contains no aromatic funtionality. The polymer is soluble in organic solvents, preferrably solvents of low toxicity, or it may be soluble in water, which may additionally contain other water miscible organic solvents.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a thermoset elastomer comprising a crosslinked pseudorandom or substantially random interpolymer of: (a) from 15 to 70 weight percent of at least one .alpha.-olefin, (b) from 30 to 70 weight percent of at least one vinylidene aromatic compound, and (c) from 0 to 15 weight percent of at least one diene. The subject invention further provides a thermoplastic vulcanizate comprising the thermoset elastomers of the invention as provided in a thermoplastic polyolefin matrix. The subject invention further provides processes for preparing the inventive thermoset elastomers and thermoplastic vulcanizates, as well as parts fabricated therefrom. The inventive materials have a superior balance of properties, as compared to EPM and EPDM based materials. The subject invention also pertains to foams and methods for their preparation.

Abstract: Water-soluble polymers including functionalization from the group of amino groups, carboxylic acid groups, phosphonic acid groups, phosphonic ester groups, acylpyrazolone groups, hydroxamic acid groups, aza crown ether groups, oxy crown ethers groups, guanidinium groups, amide groups, ester groups, aminodicarboxylic groups, permethylated polyvinylpyridine groups, permethylated amine groups, mercaptosuccinic acid groups, alkyl thiol groups, and N-alkylthiourea groups are disclosed.

Abstract: An azo group-containing high molecular weight compound including --COHN--, an ester linkage, or an amido linkage and a monomer units of 10 to 1000 derived from .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer is effective for producing a block copolymer having two or more polymer segments different in structure by one-step reaction.

Abstract: Resins for use in chemically amplified resists are represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is t-butyl or tetrahydropyranyl; R.sub.2 is hydrogen or methyl; n and m are integers; and the ratio n/((m+n) ranges from 0.1 to 0.9. Methods for manufacturing the resins comprise reacting a monomer represented by the formula (II): ##STR2## with a monomer represented by the formula (III): ##STR3## to form a copolymer represented by the formula (IV): ##STR4## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are defined as above; and hydrolyzing acetoxy groups contained in the copolymer represented by the formula (IV) to form the resin compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to copolymers of molecular mass of between 5,000 and 300,000, consisting of a hydrophilic central portion, for example a polyacrylamide chain, and of hydrophobic ends the hydrophobicity of which is comparable with that of alkyl groups containing 4-20 carbons. They are produced by polymerization of hydrophilic monomers with the aid of initiators, for example of azo type, the hydrophobic residues of which will constitute the hydrophobic ends of the final copolymer.These copolymers are useful for rheological control of aqueous and/or pigmented compositions, like paints.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of modifying the surface of a polymeric substrate, e.g., to improve the wettability of the polymer film surface and/or alter the reactivity of the surface of the substrate by further oxidation or affixation of nitrogen, comprising exposing the substrate to a flame. The flame is supported by a fuel and oxidizer mixture that includes an effective amount, for modifying the polymeric substrate, of at least one compound that functions as a fuel or oxidizer substitute and is selected from an oxygen-containing compound, in which the oxygen comprises between about 10 and 50 atomic percent of the compound, a nitrogen-containing compound or an oxygen-nitrogen-containing compound. In a preferred embodiment, which affixes nitrogen or nitrogen-containing chemical groups onto the surface of the film, the flame is supported by a fuel and oxidizer mixture that includes ammonia, nitrous oxide, nitric oxide or a mixture thereof in an effective amount.

Abstract: Essentially atactic cross-linked propylene homopolymer or amorphous cross-linked random copolymer of propylene with ethylene and/or at least one C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 .alpha.-olefin. Polymer composition comprising the above mentioned cross-linked atactic or amorphous polymers and other olefin polymers. Foamed polymer or polymer composition obtained by foaming said cross-linked atactic or amorphous polymers or said polymer composition.Process for the preparation of said polymer or foamed polymer composition.

Abstract: Fine particles (having a particle diameter smaller than 10 .mu.m) of crosslinked acrylonitrile polymer capable of absorbing and releasing a large amount of moisture, in which the acrylonitrile polymer is crosslinked with hydrazine such that the nitrogen content increases by 1.0-15.0 wt % and there being introduced salt type carboxyl groups in an amount of 1.0 mmol/g or more into a part of the remaining nitrile groups. Said fine particles are prepared by treating an emulsion of acrylonitrile polymer with hydrazine so that crosslinks are formed in the acrylonitrile polymer and the nitrogen content increases by 1.0-15.0 wt % and then hydrolyzing the crosslinked acrylonitrile polymer so as to introduce more than 1.0 mmol/g of carboxyl groups in salt form into nitrile groups remaining uncrosslinked and to introduce amide groups to the rest of nitrile groups.

Abstract: A removable pressure sensitive adhesive comprises pressure sensitive adhesive microparticles that are the polymerization product of a mono-olefinically unsaturated monomer having an aldehyde group or a ketone group, and a base monomer. By the addition of a polyhydrazide, other adhesives with improved properties can be provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel azo-dicarbonylo derivatives of a C3-C4 olefin polymers of the formula ##STR1## These can be prepared by reacting an ene compound such as a polypropylene or a polybutene, especially those with a vinylidene group, with an enophile such as X--CO--N.dbd.N--CO--Y. The resultant products can be used either as such or after further functionalization with eg polyamines as an additive for fuels and lubricants.

Abstract: A process for the bromination of a copolymer of an isoolefin having from 4 to 7 carbon atoms and a para-alkystyrene comprising bromating the copolymer in the presence of bromine and a radical initiator thereby providing a brominated copolymer of the copolymer. The brominated copolymer is substantially free of ring bromine and backbone bromine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel aqueous antireflective coating solution and a process for its use in photolithography. The antireflective coating solution comprises a novel polymer and water, where the novel polymer of the antireflective coating comprises at least one unit containing a dye that absorbs from about 180 nm to about 450 nm, at least one unit containing a crosslinking group and at least one unit derived from a hydrophilic vinyl monomer or a vinyl monomer capable of becoming hydrophilic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel antireflective coating solution and a process for its use in photolithography. The antireflective coating solution comprises a novel polymer and an organic solvent or a mixture of organic solvents, where the novel polymer comprises a unit containing a dye that absorbs from about 180 nm to about 450 nm and a unit containing a crosslinking group.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for modifying a polyolefin having 10 to 120 carbon atoms and in which the unsaturated groups are predominantly of the vinylidene type (.dbd.CH.sub.2) said process comprising bringing the polyolefin into contact with a generator of carbenes or of nitrenes in an addition reaction in order to enable the carbenes or the nitrenes to add across the vinylidene unsaturation of the polyolefin. The products can be used as lubricating oil and fuel additives.

Abstract: Novel compound, 2,2-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane bisamidrazone, obtained by conversion of the carboxy groups of 2,2-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane to acid chloride groups, followed by reaction with ammonia; dehydration reaction of the resulting 2,2-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane diamide; reaction of the thus obtained 2,2-bis(4-cyanophenyl)hexafluoropropane with alcohol; and reaction of the resulting 2,2-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane bisiminoalkyl ether with hydrazine is a useful vulcanizing agent for fluorine-containing elastomer having cyano group.

Abstract: Rheologically/water retentivity improved aqueous papercoating compositions comprise immixture, in water, of (i) a water-insoluble, non-alkali-swellable latex A of a film-forming polymer having a mean particle size .phi..sub.A ranging from 60 to 300 nm, (ii) a water-insoluble, alkali-swellable latex B of a polymer having a mean particle size .phi..sub.B ranging from 20 to 150 nm measured at a pH of from 2 to 4 and swelling at least 1.5 times in diameter in an alkaline medium, and (iii) an inorganic pigment C which comprises at least 40% by weight of CaCO.sub.3.

Abstract: The invention relates to a crosslinkable material that is active in non-linear optics, containing a polymer which carries chromophores each included in a polymer unit of formula: ##STR1## in which: T is part of the polymer chain,A is an --NO.sub.2, --CN or --C(CN).dbd.C(CN).sub.2 group,R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl or ethyl group,R.sub.2 is a CH.sub.2, C.sub.2 H.sub.4, C.sub.3 H.sub.6 or C.sub.4 H.sub.8 group, and:either X=Y is an azo group, F being a hydrogen atom and G being a group --C(O)--O--W or a group --C(O)--O--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --O--W, n being an integer between 2 and 6 and W being a hydrogen atom or a dimerizable group,or X=Y is an azomethine group, one of the groups F and G being a group --O--W or --R.sub.3 --O--W, R.sub.3 being a group --O--C(O)--R.sub.4 -- or --O--R.sub.4 --, where R.sub.4 is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, the other of the groups F and G being a hydrogen atom and W being a hydrogen atom or a dimerizable group.

Abstract: A process for preparing (meth)acrylate polymers with lateral non-linear optical chromophores and molecular weights of from 5000 to 500,000, comprises reacting polymers of (meth)acryloyl isocyanate in solution with D-.omega.-hydroxyalkyl chromophores of the formula (I) ##STR1## where D is an electron donor,A is an electron acceptor,R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 can be identical or different and are each H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each CN, NO.sub.2 or CHO or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, together form a fused-on ring,X is CH and/or Nandm is an integer from 2 to 11.The products are suitable for optical components in communications technology.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersed resin composition comprising (A) an aqueous dispersion of carbonyl-containing resin particles having an inner layer and an outermost layer, which is obtained by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising (a) not less than 0.5% by weight of a carbonyl-containing monomer containing at least one aldo group or keto group and one polymerizable unsaturated double bond in the molecule thereof, (b) not less than 0.5% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, (c) not more than 99% by weight of a monomer having a water-solubility of not more than 8 g/100 ml at 20.degree. C.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersed resin composition is disclosed, comprising (A) an aqueous dispersion of carbonyl-containing resin particles having an inner layer and an outermost layer, which is obtained by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising (a) not less than 0.5% by weight of a carbonyl-containing monomer containing at least one aldo group or keto group and one polymerizable unsaturated double bond in the molecule thereof, (b) not less than 0.5% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, (c) not more than 99% by weight of a monomer having a water-solubility of not more than 8 g/100 ml at 20.degree. C.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a low molecular weight isoolefin polymer by contacting at conversion conditions a higher molecular weight saturated isoolefin polymer, for example, polyisobutylene or a copolymer of a C.sub.4 to C.sub.7 isoolefin and a para-alkylstyrene, in the melt phase, with an initiator, such as an oxygen-containing gas, an organic peroxide or an azo compound.

Abstract: A rubber composition comprising the following components:(A) a rubber component comprising at least 50% by weight of a styrene/butadiene copolymer rubber;(B) an azodicarboxylic ester compound represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein X is an alkyl of 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, or an unsubstituted or substituted benzyl;(C) carbon black having a nitrogen absorption specific surface area of 100 to 250 m.sup.2 /g and a dibutyl phthalate absorption number of 110 to 170 ml/100 g;(D) sulfur; and(E) a benzothiazole vulcanization accelerator.This rubber composition shows a high loss factor (tan .delta.) in a low temperature range, and a low loss factor in a high temperature range which when applied to the production of automobile tires, achieves improved braking power on wet, snow covered or frozen road surfaces. Lowered rolling resistance during driving without loss in the strength characteristics of the composition are also exhibited.

Abstract: The present invention provides a second-order nonlinear optical polymer including a polymer backbone and side groups bonded to the polymer backbone, wherein the side groups include one or more of a first nonlinear optical group represented by the following formula (C-1) and one or more of a second nonlinear optical group represented by the following formula (C-2) or (C-2)': ##STR1## wherein .pi..sub.1 to .pi..sub.n, .pi.'.sub.1, .pi.'.sub.2, and .pi.".sub.1 each represent independently a .pi.-conjugated cyclic compound group; X.sub.1 to X.sub.n-1, X'.sub.1, Y.sub.1 to Y.sub.n-1, and Y'.sub.1 each represent independently CH, N, or N.fwdarw.O; A.sub.1, A.sub.2, and A.sub.3 each represent independently an electron attracting group; D.sub.1, D.sub.2, and D.sub.3 each represent independently an electron donating group; and n represents an integer of 3 or greater.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons and polymers thereof, of the structure (I)R--C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --Cl (I)where R is a hydrocarbon radical, are prepared by reacting corresponding starting materials which contain chlorine bonded to tertiary carbon, of the structureR--C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --Cl (II)with from 1 to 10 moles of butadiene in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst in a solvent which is inert to the catalyst, and the hydrocarbons or polymers thereof can be reacted in a further step of the process with a compound from the group comprising ammonia, primary or secondary amine or polyamine, amino alcohol, amino ether, hydrazine or hydrazine which is substituted up to three times.

Abstract: High-moisture absorbing and releasing fibers which have moisture-absorbing properties and moisture-releasing properties, are resistant to repetitive use, and have both flame resistance and antibacterial properties and a process for producing the same are provided.Acrylic fibers in which increase in nitrogen content by hydrazine cross-linking, an amount of salt type carboxyl groups and amido groups by modification of nitrile groups, tensile strength, LOI and sterilization rate are specifically adjusted. Such the fibers are obtained by hydrazine cross-linking treatment, hydrolysis treatment and conversion of the carboxyl groups to the salt type.High-moisture absorbing and releasing fibers having excellent processability in addition to flame resistance and antibacterial properties are obtained. Such the fibers can also be used repeatedly.

Abstract: Reagents suitable for synthesis of peptide analogs using automated peptide synthesis and procedures for synthesis of peptide analogs are provided.

Abstract: Oleaginous compositions, particularly lubricating oil compositions, exhibiting improved antioxidant properties containing a viscosity index improving amount of a viscosity index improver-dispersant comprised of the reaction products of:(a) an oil soluble ethylene copolymer comprising from about 15 to 90 wt. % ethylene and from about 10 to 85 wt. % of at least one C.sub.3 to C.sub.28 alpha-olefin, having a number average molecular weight of from about 5,000 to 500,000, grafted with an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid material having 1 or 2 acid or anhydride moieties;(b) an organic polyamine having at least two primary amino groups;(c) an aldehyde;(d) a heterocyclic nitrogen reactant having at least one --N (H)-- group in the heterocyclic ring; and, optionally,(e) an amount effective to provide a V.I. improver-dispersant exhibiting improved low temperature viscometric properties of high functionality long chain hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid material having a functionality of at least 1.2.

Abstract: This invention relates to procedures for preparing novel reactive amino or hydrazino peroxides (hereinafter generally referred to as "AHP's") and derivatives all having a Structure A: ##STR1## in which the definitions of P, R11, R22, X, Q and x, y and z are given in the Summary Of The Invention section, for example, 4,4-di-(t-butylperoxy)pentanohydrazide (I-1), and the use of these novel compounds in curing unsaturated polyester resins, in initiating polynerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, for modifying rheology, for crosslinking and curing olefin polymers and elastoiners, for producing novel graft and block copolymers, and for producing novel polymers with covalently bound performance additive functions.

Abstract: Polymer reagents containing reactive functional groups are crosslinked by reacting them with compounds (crosslinking agents) which contain complimentary functional groups and have large nonlinear polarizability. The resulting polymer reagents, after poling, are useful for nonlinear optic applications. Also disclosed are the mixture which react to form the crosslinked polymer and novel crosslinking agents.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a low molecular weight isoolefin polymer by contacting at conversion conditions a higher molecular weight saturated isoolefin polymer, for example, polyisobutylene or a copolymer of a C.sub.4 to C.sub.7 isoolefin and a para-alkylstyrene, in the melt phase, with an initiator, such as an oxygen-containing gas, an organic peroxide or an azo compound.

Abstract: A process for the production of largely amorphous polyalphaolefins with a narrow molecular weight distribution is provided where the products exhibit the following features:softening point between 70.degree. and 40.degree. C.;melt viscosity (190.degree. C.) between 1,000 and 100,000 mPas;density less than 0.90 g/cm.sup.3 ;needle penetration between 5 and 50 0.1 mm; andmaximum molecular inhomogeneity 6.These polymers are obtained by a radical decomposition performed at high temperatures on copolymers based on C.sub.4-10 alpha-olefins, propene and optionally ethene. The products are suitable for use as hot melt adhesives as well as for heavy coating compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of (meth)acrylate polymers with side-chain, non-linear optical chromophores and molecular weights of from 5000 to 5000000, which comprises reacting polymers of (meth)acryloyl chloride in solution with D-.omega.-hydroxyalkyl chromophores of the formula (I) or the alcoholates thereof ##STR1## where D is an electron donor,A is an electron acceptor,X is CH and/or N, and m is from 2 to 11.The polymers can be used in optical components.

Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides poly(maleic anhydride) side chain copolymers which exhibit nonlinear optical susceptibility and which can be formed into crack-free thin film waveguiding media. An invention copolymer is illustrated by the recurring structure: ##STR1## The side chain chromophores can be oriented by an external field to form a noncentrosymmetric thin film which exhibits second order nonlinear optical susceptibility.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nonlinear optical material comprising nonlinear optical dihydroxy arylhydrazones and to nonlinear optical materials comprising compositions containing at least one divalent moiety of nonlinear optical arylhydrazones. The present invention also relates to polyesters, polyestercarbonates, polycarbonates, polyethers, and poly(hydroxy ether) polymers, incorporating the dihydroxy arylhydrazone as recurring divalent moieties in the backbone of the polymer. The polymeric compositions of the present invention have high glass transition temperatures and exhibit stable nonlinear optical activity at high temperatures over a period of time.

Abstract: A polymeric compound having the formula ##STR1## wherein x ranges from about 0.05 to about 0.5y ranges from about 0.80 to about 0.35z ranges from about 0.10 to about 0.25n ranges from about 50 to about 1500R is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl substituted phenyl;K is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## --S--, --O--, and --CH.sub.2 --, or is absent; P and P.sub.1 are selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, butoxy, and H; andP.sub.1 may be the same as P or different.

Abstract: There is disclosed an organic nonlinear optical material which comprises a polymer having the following constitutional units, in amounts of 5 to 100 mole % of (I) and 0 to 95 mole % of (II), and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer being 10,000 to 2,000,000. ##STR1## wherein the symbols represent the same meanings as defined in the specification. ##STR2## A nonlinear optical element has large nonlinear optical effect and yet is excellent in molding processability so that it can be widely applied to the filed of optical processings.

Abstract: Bistriazene compounds such as ##STR1## are useful for crosslinking polymers such as poly(imides), poly(aryl ether ketones), poly(aryl ether sulfones), poly(quinolines), poly(quinoxalines), and nonaromatic fluoropolymers having aliphatic C--H groups. Polymers crosslinked with these bistriazene compounds are useful as interlayer insulators in multilayer integrated circuit articles.

Abstract: There is disclosed an organic nonlinear optical material which comprises a polymer having the following constitutional units, in amounts of 5 to 100 mole % of (I), 0 to 50 mole % of (II) and 0 to 50 mole % of (III), and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer being 10,000 to 2,000,000: ##STR1## wherein m, n, X, Y and A have the meanings as defined in the specification, ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group, and ##STR3## A nonlinear optical element which is tough with wide surface as well as having large nonlinear optical effect can be obtained.

Abstract: A process is provided to graft functional moieties to base polymers by contacting the base polymer with functional group containing diazo compounds. The preferred function group containing diazo is ethyl diazoacetate. The base polymer is a copolymer or polymer having monomer units of alpha olefins, conjugated diolefins, vinyl aromatics, or hydrogenated conjugated diolefins. The process is performed in a melt and results in low levels of scissioning, coupling and degradation.