Ammonia, Ammonium Hydroxide, Or Salts Thereof Patents (Class 525/378)
  • Patent number: 5527655
    Abstract: Radiation-sensitive polymeric adducts of (1) a sulfonated polyester resin having a plurality of sulfonate groups, (2) a diazonium resin having a plurality of diazonium groups, and (3) a salt of quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium. This invention also provides a radiation-sensitive article comprising a substrate bearing a coating containing a radiation-sensitive adduct.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 28, 1994
    Date of Patent: June 18, 1996
    Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company
    Inventors: James A. Bonham, Leonard J. Stulc, Richard J. Kuo, Kimberly R. Kukla
  • Patent number: 5521256
    Abstract: A process for hydrolyzing and neutralizing a crosslinked polymer of maleic anhydride and a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl vinyl ether, and, optionally a hydrophobic monomer, in anhydride form substantially instantaneously in water at room temperature, which comprises reacting about 0.1-4% by weight of the crosslinked polymer in water at room temperature with ammonium hydroxide base, with stirring, to form a gel solution.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 16, 1995
    Date of Patent: May 28, 1996
    Assignee: ISP Investments Inc.
    Inventors: Yoon T. Kwak, Stephen L. Kopolow
  • Patent number: 5516853
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of oxidatively crosslinkable, water-dilutable binders bya) forming a copolymer having intramolecular carboxylic anhydride groups by copolymerizing anhydride-functional compounds, other olefinically unsaturated monomers and 5 to 50% by weight, based on the weight of the olefinically unsaturated monomers used for the production of the copolymers a), of monomers which cannot be homopolymerized under the reaction conditions,b) subsequently reacting by ring-opening esterification at least 50% of the anhydride groups present in the copolymer with one or more unsaturated monohydric alcohols,c) reacting by ring-opening esterification up to 50% of the anhydride groups with monohydric saturated alcohols having a molecular weight of 32 to 200 either before, during or after step b),d) optionally reacting 1 to 70% of the carboxyl groups formed in steps b) and c) with organic epoxide compounds ande) neutralizing at least a portion of the carboxyl groups formed i
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 19, 1995
    Date of Patent: May 14, 1996
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Volker Schneider, Eberhard Arning, Harald Blum, Christian Wamprecht
  • Patent number: 5508327
    Abstract: Polymeric systems are disclosed that exhibit the Johnsen-Rahbeck effect and an electrostatic clutch for using films of these polymeric systems. The films may be pressed from the polymeric reaction product of either a polymer having an anionic functionality reacted with cations, or a polymer having cationic functionality reacted with anions. The dielectric film may be interposed between nesting, or otherwise contacting, conductive surfaces to increase the frictional force between the surfaces by the Johnsen-Rahbeck effect when a voltage differential is applied across the surfaces.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 19, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 16, 1996
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Robert A. Cipriano, Jose J. Longoria
  • Patent number: 5504162
    Abstract: Salts of copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids and ethylenically unsaturated fatty acid derivatives.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 4, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 2, 1996
    Assignee: Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Herbert Friedrich, Bernhard Mees, Richard Gruber
  • Patent number: 5498785
    Abstract: A continuous process for the aminolysis of polymers produced from ethylenically unsaturated structural units comprising contacting, in a reaction vessel,(a) a molten polymer containing structural units produced from alpha-olefins having from 2 to 8 carbons atoms, and esters of of .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically-unsaturated carboxylic acids in a reaction vessel; and(b) a liquid phase comprising an amine-containing compound, e.g., an alkylamine having an alkyl group containing 1-30 carbon atoms, ammonia, or derivatives thereof, in the presence of(c) a catalytically effective amount of a catalyst, which is preferably a metal-containing solution, for a period of time effective to produce a polymer containing acrylamide structural units, wherein the period of time is less than about 1 hour.This process is performed continuously in a reaction vessel, preferably in at least one reactive extruder, under conditions effective to provide an ethylene co-polymer containing acrylamide structural units.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 14, 1994
    Date of Patent: March 12, 1996
    Assignee: Chevron Chemical Company
    Inventors: James H. Wang, Victor P. Kurkov, Leslie P. Theard, David Rosendale
  • Patent number: 5484849
    Abstract: An air curing polymer composition is disclosed which contains acetoacetate functional polymer and an autoxidizable material. The composition cures on exposure to oxygen. One pack stable ambient curing compositions and a method of stabilizing acetoacetate functional groups to prevent hydrolysis are also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 30, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 16, 1996
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventors: Daniel A. Bors, Alvin C. Lavoie, William D. Emmons
  • Patent number: 5478894
    Abstract: This invention is directed to a recurring polymeric moiety of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R is independently selected from hydrogen and C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl; Y is independently selected from O and NH; and X is independently selected from Cl, F, Br, I, NO.sub.3, HSO.sub.4 and H.sub.2 PO.sub.4.Polymers of the above structure may be crosslinked by treating the polymer with a base and heating it.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 2, 1993
    Date of Patent: December 26, 1995
    Assignee: Hoechst Celanese Corporation
    Inventors: William G. Chiang, Joy L. McCrickard
  • Patent number: 5444125
    Abstract: An aminated polymer having excellent adhesion, printability, and compatibility in polymer blends or the like which are obtained by introducing an amino group, into an isotactic .alpha.-olefin polymer having an olefinic unsaturated bond at its terminus is disclosed. The terminal unsaturated isotactic or syndiotactic .alpha.-olefin polymer is obtained by polymerizing an .alpha.-olefin with a catalyst comprising the combination of a metallocene compound and an alumoxane, and the amino group is obtained by the amination of the terminal unsaturated group, by the addition of a compound containing the corresponding functional group to the unsaturated bond, or by the conversion of a precursor polymer containing a precursor of the functional group into a polymer containing the functional group desired.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 30, 1992
    Date of Patent: August 22, 1995
    Assignee: Mitsubishi Petrochemical Company Limited
    Inventors: Masayuki Tomita, Hideshi Uchino, Toshihiko Sugano, Takashi Fujita, Mitsutoshi Aritomi
  • Patent number: 5442014
    Abstract: Particulates of a superabsorbent partially, neutralized acrylic polymer, e.g., polyacrylic acid, having a mean particle size ranging from 100 to 500 .mu.m, essentially monodisperse and essentially devoid of fines having a particle size of less than 100 .mu.m, having a nonuniformly surfaced spheroidal particle morphology and containing less than 50 ppm of residual monomer, well suited for a variety of hygienic applications, are prepared by (i) polymerizing a suspension of an acrylic monomer charge I in an organic medium and producing a suspension of acrylic polymer gel particles, (ii) next absorbing a second acrylic monomer charge II into the gel particles, (iii) polymerizing in the gel particles the second acrylic monomer charge II, (iv) azeotropically dehydrating the acrylic polymer particulates thus obtained, (v) then treating the dehydrated particulates with hydrogen peroxide, and (vi) drying the superabsorbent particulates thus treated.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 13, 1994
    Date of Patent: August 15, 1995
    Assignee: Elf Atochem S.A.
    Inventors: Shu R. Rebre, Christian Collette, Sandrine Denie
  • Patent number: 5430111
    Abstract: A uniquely treated bead of ethylene acrylic acid (EAA) capable of forming a high solids aqueous dispersion in excess of 38% solids wherein the EAA may be prepared by either batch or continuous processes wherein the EAA is substantially fully reacted with ammonia, sodium or potassium in little or substantial absence of water, followed by a separate aqueous dispersion step, resulting in a unique and quick-drying dispersion material highly useful in coating, adhesive, laminating, ink and similar processes, and wherein operating expense and environmental concerns are at a minimum as a consequence thereof.The treated EAA may be prepared in a substantially dry to merely moist state for incorporation into an aqueous dispersion with high percentages of EAA having either higher or lower molecular weight with low viscosities as compared to heretofore.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 21, 1993
    Date of Patent: July 4, 1995
    Assignee: Dominion Chemical Company
    Inventors: Frank P. Recchia, Wilson M. Ferrell, W. Maclin Ferrell, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5418294
    Abstract: Copolymers are produced when a 4-vinyl-1,3 dioxolane monomer is copolymerized with an imidized maleic anhydride (for example, maleimide) monomer in the presence of a free radical initiator. Alternatively, a maleamic acid or maleimide functionality may be introduced into a copolymer containing a 4-vinyl-1,3 dioxolane and maleic anhydride by introducing a primary amine into the reaction mixture. Also, the dioxolane reactant may be introduced into the polymer by reacting 3,4-epoxy-1-butene in a ketone reaction solvent. The structure and composition of the product copolymer are controlled by both the sequence and conditions of the reaction. Products of the present invention can be cast as clear films and can also be used as reactive polymers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 24, 1994
    Date of Patent: May 23, 1995
    Assignee: Eastman Chemical Company
    Inventors: Richard W. Blevins, S. Richard Turner
  • Patent number: 5405911
    Abstract: Hydrogenated butadiene polymers having terminal functional groups have minimum viscosity at any molecular weight when the 1,2-addition is between 30% and 70% Hydrogenated butadiene polymers having about two terminal hydroxyl groups per molecule have surprisingly lower viscosities at 30% to 70% 1,2-addition than similar polymers having either higher or lower amounts of 1,2-addition. The polymers are useful in making coatings, sealants, binders, and block copolymers with polyesters, polyamides, and polycarbonates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 15, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 11, 1995
    Assignee: Shell Oil Company
    Inventors: Dale L. Handlin, Jr., Daniel E. Goodwin, Carl L. Willis, David J. St. Clair, John D. Wilkey, Michael J. Modic, Craig A. Stevens
  • Patent number: 5401808
    Abstract: Amine functional polymers which are terpolymers made up of randomly linked units of amidine or amidinium formate, N-vinylformamide and either vinylamine or vinylammonium formate are prepared by aqueous hydrolysis of poly(N-vinylformamide) at a temperature in the range of 90.degree. to 175.degree. C., preferably in the presence of a minor amount of ammonia or volatile amine. Best conversions and good control of polymer structure are obtained at 140.degree. to 160.degree. C. with a small concentration of ammonia or alkylamine. Formation of poly(vinylammonium formate) containing no other salts or ionic coproducts is realized by degassing the hydrolyzate to remove ammonia or amine from the polymer solution. The poly(vinylammonium formate) affords distinct advantages in the production of salt-free polymers by catalytic decomposition of impurities. Poly(vinylamines) containing significant amounts of amidine functionality offer advantages in applications where increased basicity is required.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 25, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 28, 1995
    Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
    Inventor: Michael E. Ford
  • Patent number: 5395898
    Abstract: A polymer useful for preparing shaped articles comprises essentially repeat units of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen or methyl, andR.sup.3 is C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 -aryl, which may be monosubstituted, disubstituted or trisubstituted by radicals selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy and halogen,and is obtainable by reacting a polymer based on C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl esters of methacrylic acid or of acrylic acid or mixtures of such esters with an aromatic amine of the general formula IIR.sup.3 NH.sub.2 IIin the presence of an amine having a pK.sub.b value .ltoreq.9.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 18, 1994
    Date of Patent: March 7, 1995
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Siegmund Besecke, Andreas Deckers, Harald Lauke
  • Patent number: 5393842
    Abstract: Amine functional polymers which are terpolymers made up of randomly linked units of amidine or amidinium formate, N-vinylformamide and either vinylamine or vinylammonium formate are prepared by aqueous hydrolysis of poly(N-vinylformamide) at a temperature in the range of 90.degree. to 175.degree. C., preferably in the presence of a minor amount of ammonia or volatile amine. Best conversions and good control of polymer structure are obtained at 140.degree. to 160.degree. C. with a small concentration of ammonia or alkylamine. Formation of poly(vinylammonium formate) containing no other salts or ionic coproducts is realized by degassing the hydrolyzate to remove ammonia or amine from the polymer solution. The poly(vinylammonium formate) affords distinct advantages in the production of salt-free polymers by catalytic decomposition of impurities. Poly(vinylamines) containing significant amounts of amidine functionality offer advantages in applications where increased basicity is required.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 28, 1994
    Date of Patent: February 28, 1995
    Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
    Inventor: Michael E. Ford
  • Patent number: 5393843
    Abstract: Hydrogenated butadiene polymers having terminal functional groups have minimum viscosity at any molecular weight when the 1,2-addition is between 30% and 70%. Hydrogenated butadiene polymers having about two terminal hydroxyl groups per molecule have surprisingly lower viscosities at 30% to 70% 1,2-addition than similar polymers having either higher or lower amounts of 1,2-addition. The polymers are useful in making coatings, sealants, binders, and block copolymers with polyesters, polyamides, and polycarbonates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 31, 1992
    Date of Patent: February 28, 1995
    Assignee: Shell Oil Company
    Inventors: Dale L. Handlin, Jr., Daniel E. Goodwin, Carl L. Willis, David J. St. Clair, John D. Wilkey, Michael J. Modic, Craig A. Stevens
  • Patent number: 5387635
    Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of ethylene/.alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid interpolymers (e.g., random ethylene/acrylic acid interpolymers) are formed using a mixture of bases at a concentration of at least 0.2 equivalents of base per mole of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid. The dispersions have at least 10 weight percent dispersed solids and not more than 1 weight percent of the initial polymer in non-dispersed form. Preferred bases for use in forming the dispersions are ammonium hydroxide and/or alkali metal hydroxides. A mixture of ammonium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide is especially preferred for forming the dispersions with ethylene/acrylic acid interpolymers at an ammonium hydroxide:acrylic acid molar ratio of 1:1 and a potassium hydroxide:acrylic acid molar ratio in the range of 0.6-0.8:1. The dispersions are particularly useful in forming thin coatings of adhesive on substrates, such as paper and metal foil, using conventional techniques.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 27, 1992
    Date of Patent: February 7, 1995
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Michael E. Rowland, Kenneth E. Springs
  • Patent number: 5378765
    Abstract: A polymer useful for preparing shaped articles comprises essentially repeat units of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen or methyl, andR.sup.3 is C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 -aryl, which may be monosubstituted, disubstituted or trisubstituted by radicals selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy and halogen,and is obtainable by reacting a polymer based on C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl esters of metharcylic acid or of arcylic acid or mixtures of such esters with an aromatic amine of the general formula IIR.sup.3 NH.sub.2 IIin the presence of an amine having a pK.sub.b value .ltoreq.9.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 12, 1993
    Date of Patent: January 3, 1995
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Siegmund Besecke, Andreas Deckers, Harald Lauke
  • Patent number: 5374688
    Abstract: A polymer comprising essentially units of formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen or methyl, andR.sup.3 is C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 -alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -aryl or C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -aryl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, each of which except for the C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 -alkyl may be monosubstituted, disubstituted or trisubstituted by radicals selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy and halogen, and having a carboxyl and anhydride group content of equal to or less than 0.40 equivalent per kilogram of polymer and an inherent color (measured as yellowness index) of equal to or less than 2.0, is obtainable by reacting a polymer based on C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid with a primary amine of the general formula IIR.sup.3 NH.sub.2 IIby removing the alcohol that forms during the reaction from the reaction mixture.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 21, 1992
    Date of Patent: December 20, 1994
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Siegmund Besecke, Andreas Deckers, Wolfgang Loth, Harald Lauke
  • Patent number: 5374687
    Abstract: A pourable, liquid antisettling composition comprises at least one low molecular weight copolymer of ethylene and an alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid that has been neutralized with a neutralizing agent and water. The composition can be an additive in aqueous coating compositions and provides excellent pigment suspension and rheological properties to aqueous based coating and ink compositions.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 28, 1993
    Date of Patent: December 20, 1994
    Assignee: Rheox, Inc.
    Inventors: Murray C. Cooperman, William W. Reichert
  • Patent number: 5369189
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of heat resistant and transparent acrylic resin which is characterized by imidizing methacrylic resin in a solution with primary amine or the ammonia compounds generating primary amine in the presence or absence of catalyst and under a suitable temperature condition. The reaction product is the compound of formula (I) comprising more than 10% by weight of imidized structure unit. Formula (I) wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently represent a hydrogen atom, or unsubstituted and substituted C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, or mixtures thereof.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 8, 1992
    Date of Patent: November 29, 1994
    Assignee: Lucky, Ltd.
    Inventors: Jin B. Kim, Young S. Hur
  • Patent number: 5369184
    Abstract: Resins which comprise polymers which contain multiple acetal groups have been developed which are useful for crosslinking and adhesion promotion in coating and adhesive applications. The polymers which make up these resins are prepared by the addition of aminoacetals to polymers containing anhydride functionality. The polymers are modified by titration with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine which solubilizes the polymer in aqueous systems.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 23, 1993
    Date of Patent: November 29, 1994
    Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
    Inventors: William F. Burgoyne, Jr., Jeremiah P. Casey, Thomas A. Manuel
  • Patent number: 5367035
    Abstract: Amine functional polymers which are terpolymers made up of randomly linked units of amidine or amidinium formate, N-vinylformamide and either vinylamine or vinylammonium formate are prepared by aqueous hydrolysis of poly(N-vinylformamide) at a temperature in the range of 90.degree. to 175.degree. C., preferably in the presence of a minor amount of ammonia or volatile amine. Best conversions and good control of polymer structure are obtained at 140.degree. to 160.degree. C. with a small concentration of ammonia or alkylamine. Formation of poly(vinylammonium formate) containing no other salts or ionic coproducts is realized by degassing the hydrolyzate to remove ammonia or amine from the polymer solution. The poly(vinylammonium formate) affords distinct advantages in the production of salt-free polymers by catalytic decomposition of impurities. Poly(vinylamines) containing significant amounts of amidine functionality offer advantages in applications where increased basicity is required.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 2, 1993
    Date of Patent: November 22, 1994
    Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
    Inventor: Michael E. Ford
  • Patent number: 5362816
    Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive having improved shear strength obtained by virtue of the formation of the enamine of a pendent acetoacetate is described. These materials contain acetoacetate functional monomer in a low Tg emulsion polymer. Shear strength is improved without compromise of either peel strength or tack.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 4, 1992
    Date of Patent: November 8, 1994
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventors: Barry S. Snyder, Daniel A. Bors
  • Patent number: 5350808
    Abstract: A polymer comprising essentially at least two different repeat units of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen or methyl,n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 9, andR.sup.3+n are from two to ten mutually different groups selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 -alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -aryl or C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -aryl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, which radicals, except the C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 -alkyl, may each be monosubstituted, disubstituted or trisubstituted by radicals selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy and halogen,is obtainable by reacting a polymer based on C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid with ammonia and from one to nine primary amines or a mixture of from two to ten primary amines of the general formula IIR.sup.3+n NH.sub.2 II.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 21, 1992
    Date of Patent: September 27, 1994
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Siegmund Besecke, Andreas Deckers, Harald Lauke
  • Patent number: 5349023
    Abstract: A vinyl alcohol copolymer having a terminal amino group and comprising 1-90 mol % of vinyl alcohol units and 10-90 mol % vinyl monomers selected from the group consisting of olefins, acrylamides, methacrylamides, vinyl ethers, nitriles, vinyl halides, and vinylidene halides, said copolymer having at least one terminal amino group is useful for preparing resin compositions having good gas barrier properties.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 10, 1992
    Date of Patent: September 20, 1994
    Assignee: Kuraray Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Kaoru Ikeda, Toshiaki Sato
  • Patent number: 5346965
    Abstract: A process for preparing a polybutene amine composition comprises the steps of reacting a chlorinated polybutene with an excess of at least one mole of at least one type of an amine compound per mole of the chlorinated polybutene at a reaction temperature of at least about 100.degree. C.; neutralizing the reaction mixture with a base selected from the group of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal alkoxides and amides with formation of one of an alcohol or ammonia, respectively; neutralizing any excess base with an acid that will produce essentially no water as a by-product; and recovering the polybutene amine composition, the process including the steps of removing the alcohol or ammonia in a timely fashion; and removing excess of the amine compound.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 19, 1993
    Date of Patent: September 13, 1994
    Assignee: Ferro Corporation
    Inventors: James L. Dever, Mannat C. Menon, Steven D. Phillips, Larry J. Baldwin
  • Patent number: 5340882
    Abstract: Imidation-modified MMA (co)polymers, characteristically having a Tg from 20.degree. to 30.degree. C. higher than the Tg of the corresponding unmodified MMA (co)polymer, are produced by reacting an amine, e.g., methylamine or cyclohexylamine, with a suspension, in a hydrophobic nonsolvent reaction medium, of beads of such MMA polymer/copolymer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 4, 1993
    Date of Patent: August 23, 1994
    Assignee: Elf Atochem S.A.
    Inventors: Patrice Gaillard, Philippe Heim, Stephane Nowe
  • Patent number: 5338815
    Abstract: A fine particulate crosslinked type N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide resin having an average particle size of 10 .mu.m or less comprising backbone chains of a homopolymer or copolymer comprising repeating units (A) or (A) and (B) of the formulae: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or methyl group; X represents a group --COOY, wherein Y represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 30, 1993
    Date of Patent: August 16, 1994
    Assignee: Showa Denko K.K.
    Inventors: Toshiyuki Aizawa, Hitoshi Nakamura, Tetsuhiko Yamaguchi
  • Patent number: 5336729
    Abstract: An acrylamide co-polymer which contains from between 1-60 mole percent of (2-acrylamido-2-hydroxy ethyl) trialkyl ammonium salt groups. These co-polymers are made by reacting (formylmethyl) trialykl ammonium salts at a pH of at least 9 and a temperature of between 15-80 degrees centigrade.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 18, 1993
    Date of Patent: August 9, 1994
    Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company
    Inventors: Dodd W. Fong, Frederick J. Swiecinski
  • Patent number: 5324792
    Abstract: Amine functional polymers which are terpolymers made up of randomly linked units of amidine or amidinium formate, N-vinylformamide and either vinylamine or vinylammonium formate are prepared by aqueous hydrolysis of poly(N-vinylformamide) at a temperature in the range of 90.degree. to 175.degree. C., preferably in the presence of a minor amount of ammonia or volatile amine. Best conversions and good control of polymer structure are obtained at 140.degree. C. to 160.degree. C. with a small concentration of ammonia or alkylamine. Formation of poly(vinylammonium formate) containing no other salts or ionic coproducts is realized by degassing the hydrolyzate to remove ammonia or amine from the polymer solution. The poly(vinylammonium formate) affords distinct advantages in the production of salt-free polymers by catalytic decomposition of impurities. Poly(vinylamines) containing significant amounts of amidine functionality offer advantages in applications where increased basicity is required.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 2, 1993
    Date of Patent: June 28, 1994
    Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
    Inventor: Michael E. Ford
  • Patent number: 5324790
    Abstract: A process for esterifying a polymer containing carboxyl(ate) groups, by maintaining the polymer at 0.degree. C. to 200.degree. C., where the counterion for the carboxylate groups is a selected ammonium or sulfoxonium ions. Such processes are useful for preparing improved films and coatings, particularly automotive coatings.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 29, 1992
    Date of Patent: June 28, 1994
    Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
    Inventor: Lewis E. Manring
  • Patent number: 5324793
    Abstract: Polymethacrylimide polymers poor in amide or N-alkylamide groups and in carboxyl and carbonic acid anhydride groups are obtained by heating a copolymer consisting of 1 to 60 mol percent of methacrylamide or/and an N-alkyl-methacrylamide and 40-99 mol percent of an alkyl methacrylate or/and phenyl methacrylate in an aliphatic monoalcohol.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 14, 1992
    Date of Patent: June 28, 1994
    Assignee: Rohm GmbH
    Inventors: Manfred Brehm, Hartwig Droegemueller, Norbert Rau, Thomas Rhein
  • Patent number: 5317063
    Abstract: A water-soluble polymer sensitive to salts is a copolymer of (A) 10 to 90% of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid; and (B) 90 to 10% of a vinyl monomer of Formula (I): ##STR1## (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and R.sup.1 represents an aryl group or a cycloalkyl group); or the foregoing component (A); (B) 2 to 70% of a vinyl monomer of Formula (II): ##STR2## (wherein R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group or a cycloalkyl group); and (C) 2 to 40% of a vinyl monomer of Formula (III): ##STR3## (wherein R.sup.3 represents an aryl group), 2 to 70 mole % of the repeating units derived from the acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid being in the form of a salt. It is soluble in tap water, but insoluble in an aqueous solution containing not less than 0.5% of an inorganic salt of a monovalent ion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 19, 1991
    Date of Patent: May 31, 1994
    Assignee: Lion Corporation
    Inventors: Masanori Komatsu, Yasuo Iida
  • Patent number: 5304611
    Abstract: Copolymers are produced when a 4-vinyl-1,3 dioxolane monomer is copolymerized with an imidized maleic anhydride (for example, maleimide) monomer in the presence of a free radical initiator. Alternatively, a maleamic acid or maleimide functionally may be introduced into a copolymer containing a 4-vinyl-1,3 dioxolane and maleic anhydride by introducing a primary amine into the reaction mixture. Also, the dioxolane reactant may be introduced into the polymer by reacting 3,4-epoxy-1-butene in a ketone reaction solvent. The structure and composition of the product copolymer are controlled by both the sequence and conditions of the reaction. Products of the present invention can be cast as clear films and can also be used as reactive polymers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 30, 1992
    Date of Patent: April 19, 1994
    Assignee: Eastman Kodak Company
    Inventors: Richard W. Blevins, S. Richard Turner
  • Patent number: 5296562
    Abstract: New polymers are disclosed to be made in supported Ziegler-Natta systems. They include monomers exhibiting polar functionality such as through a hydroxyl group or other functional group protected during polymerization in the presence of highly active catalysts by the use of a protective alkyl silane group which is removed after polymerization to restore the functionality of the group. The typical polymer thus made is a polyolefin having functional groups on its backbone; the functional groups may be reacted with conventional dyes and/or may perform other functions and enter reactions with other reactive compounds.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 18, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 22, 1994
    Assignee: Aristech Chemical Corporation
    Inventors: Andrew J. Sivak, Leonard A. Cullo
  • Patent number: 5296530
    Abstract: This invention relates to a method for light-assisted curing of coatings by providing coatings with an enamine content sufficient to enhance the cure rate of the coatings. The coatings exhibit improved weatherability and gloss retention when exposed to light.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 28, 1992
    Date of Patent: March 22, 1994
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventors: Daniel A. Bors, William D. Emmons, Steven S. Edwards
  • Patent number: 5290874
    Abstract: The novel alkadiene/vinyl-aromatic copolymers which contain side groups and have a random, block-like or star-like structure and whose polymerized alkadiene comonomer units are partially or completely selectively hydrogenated, and which contain one or more side groups having one or more radicals capable of (4+2) cycloaddition (Diels-Alder reaction) with dienophiles are suitable as such as viscosity index (VI) improvers or can be used for the preparation of dispersant VI improvers. For this purpose, they are reacted with one or more dienophiles which are capable of a Diels-Alder (4+2) cycloaddition reaction and preferably contain strongly polar functional groups.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 19, 1992
    Date of Patent: March 1, 1994
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Dietmar Bender, Klaus Bronstert, Helmut Mach
  • Patent number: 5286806
    Abstract: Dispersions of finely divided high molecular weight polyacrylamide particles are formed and treated with a caustic material to hydrolyze the polymer without undesirable side chain reactions to form high molecular weight anionic acrylamide polymers. A preferred technique for forming these products comprises the formation of a stabilized water-in-oil emulsion of aqueous acrylamide monomer, polymerizing the monomer, reacting the polymer emulsion thus formed with a hydrolysis agent and inverting the resultant hydrolyzed polymers into solution. These materials are useful in a variety of industrial applications for removing particulates from effluent streams.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 14, 1993
    Date of Patent: February 15, 1994
    Assignee: American Cyanamid Company
    Inventors: Roger E. Neff, Roderick G. Ryles
  • Patent number: 5281649
    Abstract: NH.sub.4 Cl is used as a nucleating agent to prepare polyhydroxyalkanoate compositions.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 11, 1993
    Date of Patent: January 25, 1994
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries plc
    Inventors: Sally J. Organ, Peter J. Barham, Andrew Webb
  • Patent number: 5280095
    Abstract: A fine particulate crosslinked type N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide resin having an average particle size of 10 .mu.m or less comprising backbone chains of a homopolymer or copolymer comprising repeating units (A) or (A) and (B) of the formulae: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or methyl group; X represents a group --COOY, wherein Y represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 28, 1991
    Date of Patent: January 18, 1994
    Assignee: Showa Denko K.K.
    Inventors: Toshiyuki Aizawa, Hitoshi Nakamura, Tetsuhiko Yamaguchi
  • Patent number: 5278248
    Abstract: Water-soluble polymers and/or copolymers possessing enhanced biodegradability, and their applications are disclosed.Acrylic and/or vinyl polymers and/or copolymers containing acid groups, in which 35% to 90% of the active acid sites are neutralized by magnesium ions, the specific viscosity is at most 25, and biodegradability is enhanced. Their decomposition after 36 days is greater than 50% as measured by the modified Sturm test.These polymers can be used in industries as varied as: paper-making, paints, plastics, petroleum, drilling fluids, water treatment, detergents, cosmetics, textiles, inks, leather, grinding and/or splitting of minerals in water.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 10, 1992
    Date of Patent: January 11, 1994
    Assignee: Coatex S.A.
    Inventors: Jean-Bernard Egraz, Georges Ravet, Jacky Rousset
  • Patent number: 5272211
    Abstract: Polymers comprising blocks of a hydrogenated conjugated diene (B), a vinylarene (A), and an alkyl methacrylate (M), are readily prepared as a mixture of molecules having the structures B-A-M and B-A-M-A-B wherein both structures are effective as viscosity index improvers for oil compositions. Reaction of the polymers with a primary or secondary amine results in a dispersant viscosity index improver.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 21, 1992
    Date of Patent: December 21, 1993
    Assignee: Shell Oil Company
    Inventors: Robert J. Sutherland, Donn A. DuBois
  • Patent number: 5264483
    Abstract: Glutarimide polymers having an acid and anhydride content lower than the acid and/or anhydride content normally present in the glutarimide polymers. Blends of the reduced acid and anhydride glutarimide polymers with thermoplastic materials are disclosed. A process for altering the properties of imide polymers by reducing or substantially removing acid and anhydride levels normally present in the imide polymer is also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 10, 1991
    Date of Patent: November 23, 1993
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventors: Michael P. Hallden-Abberton, Newman M. Bortnick, Leslie A. Cohen, William T. Freed, Harry C. Fromuth
  • Patent number: 5264528
    Abstract: Copolymers of 4-hydroxystyrene are produced by hydrolyzing copolymers of 4-acetoxystyrene with hydroxylamine.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 17, 1992
    Date of Patent: November 23, 1993
    Assignee: Hoechst Celanese Corporation
    Inventors: Michael T. Sheehan, Brad L. Smith
  • Patent number: 5240771
    Abstract: Copolymers suitable for use as temporary surface protection for two- or three-dimensional structures and as sizing agents are based on C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl acrylates and/or methacrylates and are obtainable by free radical emulsion or solution polymerization ofA) from 50 to 95% by weight of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl acrylate or methacrylate,B) from 5 to 20% by weight of an unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride,C) from 0 to 20% by weight of further water-soluble comonomer, andD) from 0 to 10% by weight of other comonomer in the presence ofE) from 2 to 60 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol per 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture of A) to D).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 28, 1992
    Date of Patent: August 31, 1993
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Ralf Brueckmann, Holger Schoepke, Thomas Wirth, Juergen Hartmann
  • Patent number: 5231145
    Abstract: Copolymers suitable for use as temporary surface protection for two- or three-dimensional structures and as sizing agents are based on C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl acrylates and/or methacrylates and are obtainable by free radical emulsion or solution polymerization ofA) from 50 to 95% by weight of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl acrylate or methacrylate,B) from 5 to 20% by weight of an unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride,C) from 0 to 20% by weight of further water-soluble comonomer, andD) from 0 to 10% by weight of other comonomer in the presence ofE) from 2 to 60 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol per 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture of A) to D).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 2, 1991
    Date of Patent: July 27, 1993
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Ralf Brueckmann, Holger Schoepke, Thomas Wirth, Juergen Hartmann
  • Patent number: 5225496
    Abstract: A methacrylimide group-containing polymer containing repeating units represented by the following general formulas, respectively. ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are preferably methyl, butyl and methyl ester group, respectively.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 12, 1992
    Date of Patent: July 6, 1993
    Assignee: Mitsubishi Rayon Company Ltd.
    Inventors: Naoki Yamamoto, Masaharu Fujimoto, Hideyuki Fujii
  • Patent number: 5221718
    Abstract: Copolymers containing nitrile groups based on ethylenically unsaturated monomers are prepared by reacting the copolymers on which they are based with ammonia at temperatures of from 150.degree. to 270.degree. C. and pressures from 30 to 350 bar in the presence of an aliphatic nitrile and/or dinitrile.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 21, 1992
    Date of Patent: June 22, 1993
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Heinrich Schrage, Hans-Josef Buysch, Hugo Vernaleken