Abstract: Cellulosic textile material is dyed with substantive dyes or preferably with reactive dyes. Dyeing is carried out by applying to the cellulosic material an aqueous dye liquor which contains, in addition to the dye, a graft polymer which is obtained from an adduct of an alkylene oxide, preferably propylene oxide, with an at least trihydric aliphatic alcohol, e.g. glycerol, and acrylamide or methacrylamide. The cellulosic material is then subjected to a heat treatment, e.g. by steaming or with microwaves, or is stored cold, to fix the dyes.This dye liquor increases the liquor pick-up and thus also increases the dye yield, while at the same time excellent levelness is achieved.

Abstract: Ignition resistant carbonate polymers are made by incorporating a metal salt complex of polyether polyols into the polymer. The carbonate polymers are transparent with low haze and still have high ignition resistance. The ignition resistance can be improved by the addition aromatic compound.

Abstract: A one component room temperature curable sealant composition comprising:(A) a polyether polymer having at its terminal a hydrolyzable silicone functional group represented by the general formula: ##STR1## (B) a partial addition condensation product of: (a) an aminoalkylalkoxysilane represented by the general formula: ##STR2## with (b) an epoxy compound containing at least one epoxy group in its molecule and having a molecular weight of from 100 to 1000 and an epoxy equivalent of from 100 to 500,(c) a compound represented by the general formula: ##STR3## (d) an alkoxy silane represented by the general formula: ##STR4## (e) an organic titanic acid ester; and (C) a condensation catalyst of a silanol compound.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a rubber lubricant composition characterized by complete wetting of the elastomer surface both before and after vulcanization which gives a matte finish on cooling down that remains soft and does not flake off. This comprises (1) polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymer having a molecular weight of the polyoxypropylene hydrophobe of about 2500 to 4000 and containing 20 to 80 percent oxyethylene groups and (2) an oxyethylated oxypropylated higher alcohol.

Abstract: Under particular conditions, a cationic ring-opening polymerization of an oxirane monomer selected from the group consisting of an acyclic glycidyl ether, a cyclic glycidyl ether, and a haloalkyl epoxide, in the presence of a hydroxyl-containing backbone of a polymer ("HCB") and a particular catalyst, produces a polymerization having `living polymerization` characteristics, provided the OH groups are aliphatic OH groups and not aromatic OH groups. The result is a graft copolymer the molecular weight (mol wt) of which is directly proportional to the conversion of the monomer. The HCB, which may have from 1 to about 400 pendant OH groups, and more preferably at least 7 pendant OH groups, provides grafting sites for the grafting segments. Where a grafted segment contains halogen, the segment may be aminated. If the HCB is hydrophobic, the aminated block copolymer is amphiphilic.

Abstract: Water soluble block copolymers having two or more water soluble polymer blocks useful for controlling the viscosity of aqueous media used in enhanced oil recovery techniques are described.

Abstract: A rubbery solid polymer or copolymer of a carboxylic acid glycidyl ester having a repeating unit of formula (I), repeating units of formulae (I) and (II) in which the (I)/(II) mole ratio is 50-99/50-1, repeating units of formulae (I), (II) and (III) in which the (I)/(II)/(III) mole ratio is 1-90/1-10/3-40, repeating units of formulae (I), (II) and (IV) in which the (I)/(II)/(IV) mole ratio is 35-90/1-20/not less than 5, repeating units of formulae (I) and (III) in which the (I)/(III) mole ratio is 50-97/50-3, repeating units of formulae (I), (III) and (IV) in which the (I)/(III)/(IV) mole ratio is 35-90/5-60/not less than 5, or repeating units of formulae (I), (II), (III) and (IV) in which the (I)/(II)/(III)/(IV) mole ratio is 35-85/3-10/3-55/not less than 5 ##STR1## wherein R represents a saturated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ##STR2## wherein X represents a halogen atom, ##STR3## wherein R.sup.1 represents H or CH.sub.3 ; and a curable composition thereof.

Abstract: Under particular conditions, a cationic ring-opening polymerization of a first oxirane monomer selected from the group consisting of an acyclic glycidyl ether, a cyclic glycidyl ether, and a haloalkyl epoxide, in the presence of a hydroxyl-containing organic material ("HCM"), for example a polymer (referred to herein as a `hydroxyl-prepolymer`), and a particular catalyst, produces a polymerization having `living polymerization` characteristics. The result is that molecular weight (mol wt) of the resulting polymer is directly proportional to the conversion of the monomer to said resulting polymer. This HCM serves as a chain propagator which initially furnishes OH groups as propagation sites. Subsequently, a second oxirane monomer, different from said first, is sequentially polymerized to yield a block copolymer. Branched block copolymers, or linear block copolymers of a HCM and (a) one or more glycidyl ethers, or (b) a haloalkyl epoxide and at least one glycidyl ether, may be prepared.

Abstract: A novel association complex in disclosed, formed by the interaction between a hexamethylenetetramine quaternary salt of a halogenated allyl halide and a water-soluble homopolymer of ethylene oxide. The composition is neutral in pH, fluoresces at a characteristic wavelength of 355 nanometers, has unusual moisture retention characteristics, and possesses the unique ability to inhibit viral replication. The composition is preferably used in aqueous solution, and finds utility as a protective moisturizing agent for the skin, as a healing agent for skin injuries, as a germicidal lubricant, and as a medication for topical application to lesions due to viral infections.

Abstract: A high-strength polymer-modified polyol comprises a polyol and from 40 to 80% by weight of the reaction product of a polyisocyanate and a tertiary-N-polyolamine based on the combined weight of the polyol and reaction product.Also included are methods of forming the polymer-modified polyol; a polymer-modified polyol obtained by dilution of the high strength polymer-modified polyol; the use of the polymer-modified polyols in the manufacture of polyurethane products and the polyurethane products so obtained.The polymer-modified polyols are particularly useful for preparing highly resilient flexible foams.

Abstract: Under particular conditions, a cationic ring-opening polymerization of an (single) oxirane monomer selected from the group consisting of an acyclic glycidyl ether, a cyclic glycidyl ether, and a haloalkyl epoxide, in the presence of a hydroxyl-terminated prepolymer ("HTP") and a particular catalyst, produces a polymerization having `living polymerization` characteristics, provided the OH groups are aliphatic OH groups and not aromatic OH groups. The result is an AB or ABA type block copolymer the molecular weight (mol wt) of which is directly proportional to the conversion of the monomer to the block copolymer. The HTP which may be a mono-, di-, tri-, or tetra-hydroxyl-terminated prepolymer, serves as a chain propagator which initially furnishes OH groups as propagation sites. Linear block copolymers or branched block copolymers are formed, depending upon the structure of the HTP. Where one segment of an AB or ABA type block contains halogen, the segment may be aminated.

Abstract: A room temperature curing composition comprising a polyoxyalkylene polymer having a silicon-containing hydrolyzable group and a hydrolyzable silicon compound as a stabilizer, which is stable in a closed system and is curable by exposure to moisture. The stabilizer has a higher hydrolysis reactivity than the polyoxyalkylene polymer and serves as a dehydrating agent, and therefore the storage stability can be remarkably improved.

Abstract: Disclosed are curing agents for epoxy resins consisting of modified polyoxyalkylenepolyamines obtained by the addition reaction of an alkyleneimine to a polyoxyalkylenepolyamine, preferably a polyoxypropylenepolyamine or polyoxyethylenepolyalkylamine, and ethyleneimine or propyleneimine in acid medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to solutions of(A) from 3 to 60% by weight, based on the combined ether-polyol content, of separately prepared oligo-urethane ethers containing terminal OH.sup.- groups in the form of reaction products of(a) diisocyanates with(b) dialcohols having an average molecular weight of from 200 to 800, the stoichiometric ratio of (a) to (b) amounting to various values based on the average molecular weight of the dialcohols,in(B) polyether polyols containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups and having an average molecular weight of from 1000 to 12,000 and to their use in a proess for the production of polyurethane foams capable of being effectively flame-laminated and (high-frequency) welded without any adverse effect upon their other properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing products containing polymer chains in which a linear prepolymer or polymer contains at least one free acid group at each chain and is reacted with an alkoxide of a metal having a valence of more than 2, such as zirconium, titanium or cerium, possibly in the presence of a non polar solvent, the alkoxide of the metal having a valence of more than 2 being used in such a quantity that the alkoxide functions are in excess with respect to the stoichiometric amount of the acid functions carried by said linear prepolymer or polymer, the reaction mixture being stirred in the presence of humidity until a product is obtained wherein the hydrogen atoms of the free acid end groups of the prepolymer or polymer are substituted by an atom of the metal (M) which is itself linked to another atom of said metal by M-O-M linkages. The invention relates also to the products containing a prepolymer or polymer .alpha.,.omega.

Abstract: Nylon compositions are prepared by anionic polymerization of at least 75% of a lactam with up to about 25% of an epoxy component in the presence of a basic catalyst and a promoter that can be used in lactam polymerization wherein, in a preferred embodiment, the epoxy component is a modified epoxy resin containing physical property enhancing constituents. The nylon compositions are prepared by mixing a fraction of a lactam with the epoxy component and the promotor to form liquid mixture A, mixing remaining lactam with the catalyst to form liquid mixture B, mixing liquid mixtures A and B in the ratio ranging from 1/1 to 4/1 to form liquid mixture C, injecting liquid mixture C into a mold maintained at a temperature of about 100.degree. to 200.degree. C. wherein a chemical reaction takes place whereby the liquid is converted to a solidified mass in less than about 2 minutes, and removing the nylon composition in the form of a molded object.

Abstract: A composition comprising (a) an aromatic polycarbonate and (b) a minor amount of a oxyalkylene siloxane block copolymer, and, optionally, an organic phosphite or phosphonite and/or epoxy compound provide lower viscosity in the melt without producing brittle molded parts.

Abstract: A polymer composition in the form of a film which composition comprises a compatible blend of an alkylene oxide polymer such as polyethylene oxide and an aromatic polyethersulphone.

Abstract: A polymer-modified polyol is formed by polymerizing an olamine, particularly an alkanolamine, with an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a polyol. The alkanolamine reacts polyfunctionally with the polyisocyanate to produce polyaddition products.The polyaddition products may constitute a stable dispersion in the polyol and the resulting polymer-modified polyol is particularly useful as a polyol starting material for reaction with a polyisocyanate in the manufacture of polyurethane foam.

Abstract: Amphoteric surfactant gels containing a polyoxybutylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymer which maintain their gel characteristics at temperatures below about 20.degree. C.

Abstract: A novel room temperature-curable composition is provided by the invention, of which the base polymer is a polyoxyalkylene polyether terminated at both chain ends with silanolic hydroxy groups. The composition comprises 100 parts by weight of the above silanol-terminated polyoxyalkylene polyether and 1 to 30 parts by weight of an organosilane or organopolysiloxane having, in a molecule, at least two hydrolyzable groups bonded to the silicon atoms which serves as a crosslinking agent. The composition can be stored for a long period of time when kept with exclusion of atmospheric moisture and, when exposed to the atmosphere, is rapidly cured into a rubbery elastomer having good mechanical properties. Tack-free drying of the composition is accelerated when an alkenyloxy-containing silane is used as the above-mentioned silane having hydrolyzable groups in combination with a guanidyl-containing organosilicon compound.

Abstract: The sulfur-containing polyoxyalkylenes having the formula: ##STR1## wherein E is --SW or a halogen atom; W is hydrogen, phenyl, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkali metal or ammonium ion, or a heterocyclic radical containing from 2 to 4 hetero atoms in a 5-or 6-membered ring which may be monocyclic or may be fused to an aromatic ring; A, C and D represent lower alkylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; B is alkylene of 2 to 8 carbon atoms; y and z are each integers having a value of 0 to 50; x is an integer having a value of from 2 to 50; and n is an integer having a value of from 1 to 30; and intermixtures of said polyoxyalkylenes.The above compounds display a wide variety of uses; however, all are active metal working lubricants.

Abstract: The sulfide polymers of polyoxyalkylenes having the formula: ##STR1## wherein M is alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, benzyl, phenyl, hydrogen or an alkali metal or ammonium ion; A, C and D represent lower alkylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; B is alkylene of 2 to 8 carbon atoms; y and z are each integers having a value of 0 to 50; x is an integer having a value of from 1 to 50; n is an integer having a value of 1 to 30; and m has a value of from 2 to 10; and intermixtures of said polyoxyalkylene sulfide polymers.The above polymers have excellent antioxidating properties and are useful as synthetic metal working lubricants, antistatic agents and antioxidants for various other types of applications. They can also be used as crosslinking agents to impart oxidation resistance and static elimination.

Abstract: Low molecular weight isocyanate-functional acrylic polymers are provided, which contain at least 10% by weight of copolymerized isocyanatoalkyl (meth)acrylate, are substantially free of toxic monomeric isocyanates, and have the following general structure: ##STR1## where R is alkyl or aryl,R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl;X is COO--A--NCO or a mixture of COO--A--NCO and at least one of phenyl, COOR.sub.2, ##STR2## Cl, H; where A is an alkylene group having 2-6 carbon atoms, andR.sub.2 is an alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms;and n is 2-400.These polymers can be crosslinked and are useful in a variety of applications such as finishes, pigment surface treatments and dispersants, and rheology control agents.

Abstract: Iodine-containing block copolymers which contain from 5 to 25% by weight of bonded iodine, and which are based on iodine-free compounds of the formula IR(AB).sub.z Iwhereif z=1, R is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -aliphatic hydrocarbon radical,if z.noteq.1, R is a z-valent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 2 to 8 carbon atoms, which may or may not carry up to z ethylene oxide units,z is from 1 to 6,A is a polymer or copolymer block of from 4 to 100 1,4-butylene oxide units and from 0 to 25 ethylene oxide units andB is a polymer or copolymer block of from 0 to 50 1,4-butylene oxide units and from 1 to 100 ethylene oxide units, the proportion of 1,4-butylene oxide being >50 mole % in A and <50 mole % in B.

Abstract: Production of lower molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) by controlled degradation of higher molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) initiated by a free radical source in contact with oxygen.

Abstract: A settable flexible epoxy resin composition comprising:(A) 100 parts by weight of an epoxy resin, and(B) 5 to 200 parts by weight of a liquid chloroprene copolymer having a number average molecular weight of about 500 to about 10,000 and prepared by copolymerizing70 to 99 parts by weight of (i) a chloroprene monomer or (ii) at least 50% by weight of a chloroprene monomer plus a monomer copolymerizable therewith, and1 to 30 parts by weight of one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of(a) an unsaturated glycidyl ester represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group; (B) A POLYFUNCTIONAL ACRYLATE OR A POLYFUNCTIONAL METHACRYLATE; AND(c) an unsaturated carboxylic acid;In the presence of 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of a mercaptocarboxylic acid based on 100 parts by weight of the monomers.