Abstract: Nanoparticles zwitterionic polymers grafted thereto or grafted therefrom, and methods for making and using the nanoparticles. Zwitterionic nanogels, and methods for making and using the nanogels.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention allows for production, with a high productivity, of a water-absorbent resin including an improved relationship between absorption capacity and water-soluble polymer which are conflicting properties of the water-absorbent resin, being easily controlled for polymerization reaction, being of no odor, being less colored, and being of high absorption properties. In one embodiment of the present invention, acrylic acid composition is neutralized with a basic composition including an iron content of 0.2 to 5 ppm by weight (relative to a basic compound exclusive of a solvent); and then polymerizing a resultant neutralized product, the acrylic acid composition including: (i) a methoxyphenol content of 10 to 200 ppm by weight relative to the weight of acrylic acid; and (ii) at least one compound content of which is 0 to 10 ppm by weight relative to the weight of acrylic acid, the compound being selected from the group consisting of protoanemonin and furfural.

Abstract: The ethylene/propylene copolymer nanocomposite is a copolymer prepared by inclusion of a filler of nanoparticles of titania doped with iron that permits control over, and variation of, the overall polymeric properties. Through the addition of the TiO2/Fe nanofiller, the concentration of polypropylene in the copolymer is increased and the overall crystallinity is decreased. In order to make the copolymer, a TiO2/Fe titania-iron nanofiller is first mixed with a polymerization catalyst (a vanadium (III) complex bearing bidentate salicylaldiminato ligands) in a reactor. The reactor is then charged with solvent (e.g., toluene) and heated to a temperature suitable for polymerization, e.g., about 30° C. Following heating, a mixture of ethylene and propylene gases (in selected molar ratios) is fed into the reactor at a fixed pressure, and methyl aluminum dichloride co-catalyst (MADC) is added to initiate polymerization.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for increasing the viscosity of an oligomer composition including contacting the oligomer composition comprising one or more vinyl terminated oligomer with a supported mixed metal oxide catalyst; wherein the contacting causes the reaction of the vinyl terminated oligomers; and producing a product oligomer composition having a higher viscosity than the oligomer composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalytic composition for producing a 1-alkene-acrylate copolymer that includes a metal nano catalyst, and a method for producing a 1-alkene-acrylate copolymer. In the catalytic composition for producing a 1-alkene-acrylate copolymer, since the content of the polar comonomer is high, it may be used to produce the 1-alkene-acrylate copolymer that has no crystallinity and is capable of being used as an optical material. The method for producing the 1-alkene-acrylate copolymer may be produced by using a simple process of a mild polymerization condition without a polymerization condition of high temperature and high pressure, and it is easy to control physical properties.

Abstract: An aqueous polymerizable monomer composition including an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer and a polyvalent metal ion in an amount sufficient to neutralize 10 to 90% of a carboxyl group of the ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer in the form of a solution or dispersion in water in an amount of 20 to 85% by weight based on the whole amount of the composition, a gas barrier film including an ionically crosslinked polycarboxylic acid polymer film formed by subjecting a coating film of the aqueous polymerizable monomer composition to a polymerization treatment and having an oxygen transmission rate of at most 50×10?4 cm3(STP)/(m2·s·MPa) as measured under conditions of a temperature of 30° C. and a high relative humidity of 80%, and a production process of the film.

Abstract: Process for producing homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated dienes by contacting monomeric material having at least one conjugated diene with a catalyst system including two or more different transition metal compounds and optionally one or more activators. Preferred transition metal compounds are based on cobalt and chromium, especially complexes thereof having benzimidazole ligands.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of preparing regioregular conducting polymers. The method includes adding a nickel (II) catalyst with the monomer-metal complex to provide the regioregular conducting polymer. Electronic devices can be made using the regioregular conducting polymers prepared as described herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to conjugated copolymers comprising blocks which are linked by random or partly random sections. The materials of the invention display an improved efficiency, a reduced operating voltage and a longer life.

Abstract: A block copolymer comprising two or more blocks and having fluorescence in the solid state, wherein blocks thereof may be the same or different, and in each of the blocks, one or more kinds of repeating units are bonded through conjugated bonds, and bonding between the blocks is made by junction unit having conjugated bond, and the polystyrene reduced number average molecular weight of at least one block is 1×103 to 1×108.

Abstract: This invention relates to the polymerization of vinylically-unsaturated monomers in the presence of a chain transfer catalysts where the polymerization process is initiated with hydrogen gas or a hydrogen atom donor rather than conventional free radical initiators. This invention further relates to an improved process for the polymerization of vinylically-unsaturated monomers in the presence of a chain transfer catalysts where the polymerization process is initiated with hydrogen gas.

Abstract: The invention provides generally a new type of organic electrochromic Near Infrared (NIR)-active materials capable of absorbing and attenuating the light in the NIR region around 1550 nm and forming thin films on electrodes for variable optical attenuator (VOA) applications. They have utility in planar VOA devices. The materials are ruthenium complexes. Unsymmetrical complexes having two different substituents are disclosed, where one substituent is more electron-donating than the other. Complexes which are dimers or trimers (symmetrical or unsymmetrical) are disclosed, as are polymeric complexes. Crosslinked polymeric complex films are also disclosed.

Abstract: A catalyst composition that is the combination of or the reaction product of ingredients comprising (a) an lanthanide compound, (b) an alkylating agent, (c) a nickel-containing compound, and optionally (d) a halogen-containing compound, with the proviso that the halogen-containing compound must be present where none of the lanthanide compound, the alkylating agent, and the nickel-containing compound contain a labile halogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst component used for homopolymerization or co-polymerization of ethylene, comprising at least one suitable electron donor compound supported on a composition containing magnesium and titanium, wherein the electron donor compound is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic ethers, alicyclic ethers, aromatic ethers, aliphatic ketones and alicyclic ketones, and wherein the composition containing magnesium and titanium is prepared by dissolving a magnesium compound into a solvent system to form a homogeneous solution and then contacting the solution with a titanium compound in the presence of a precipitation aid to precipitate the composition. The present invention also relates to a method for the preparation of said catalyst component and a catalyst comprising thereof, and to use of the catalyst in homopolymerization of ethylene or co-polymerization of ethylene with at least one C3-C8 &agr;-olefln.

Abstract: A process of producing particles for diagnostic reagent, including a step of polymerizing a polymerizable monomer in the presence of a matrix particle having a magnetic substance layer containing at least one of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 on the surface thereof and having a mean particle size of 0.4-200 &mgr;m to form a polymer layer on the magnetic substance layer.

Abstract: A process for preparing halogen-free, reactive polyisobutene having a terminal double bond content of more than 50 mol % and an average molecular weight Mn of 280-10000 dalton by the cationic polymerization in the liquid phase of isobutene or hydrocarbon mixtures comprising isobutene comprises polymerizing at from −30° C. to +40° C. in the presence of a heterogeneous polymerisation catalyst comprising one or more oxides of the elements of transition groups V and VI of the Periodic Table of the Elements or in the presence of a heterogeneous polymerization catalyst comprising one or more oxidic compounds of one or more elements of transition groups V and VI of the Periodic Table of the Elements supported on a non-zeolitic oxidic support material which is not an oxygen-containing zirconium compound, the catalyst not containing a technically effective amount of halogen.

Abstract: A process for preparing halogen-free, reactive polyisobutene having a terminal double bond content of more than 60 mol % and an average molecular weight Mn of 800-3000 dalton by cationic polymerization in the liquid phase of isobutene over an acidic, essentially halogen-free heterogeneous catalyst, where a) a hydrocarbon mixture of essentially C4-hydrocarbons comprising isobutene in an amount of from 10 to 80% by weight is used as the starting material and b) polymerization is carried out continuously at from −30 to 0° C. with average starting material residence times of one hour or less, where the temperature and the residence time are selected such that the isobutene conversion is less than 60% and, after separation from the resulting polyisobutene, the isobutene is either enriched in the partially converted hydrocarbon mixture and returned to the polymerization or passed to another isobutene reaction coupled with the polymerization.

Abstract: A modified diene elastomer prepared by a process comprising the steps of polymerizing a diolefin compound containing a conjugated double bond in a liquid phase in the presence of a cobalt compound, an organic aluminum compound containing a halogen atom, and water, to give a solution containing a diene elastomer, and reacting the diene elastomer with an elastomer-modifying compound is favorably employed for the manufacture of tire tread, particularly when it is employed in combination with silica as a filler.

Abstract: Olefin co- or homopolymers having a good molecular weight and short chain branching may be prepared in the presence of a tridentate complex of a Group 8, 9 or 10 metal.

Abstract: Provided are an industrially advantageous process for producing a polymer of polyvinyl ether at a temperature of not lower than a room temperature for short time, and a catalyst used for the process. The above process is characterized by using an acid clay mineral subjected to acid treatment as a catalyst to polymerize vinyl ether.

Abstract: A process for the reaction of an organic compound in the presence of a catalyst comprising, as active metal, ruthenium alone or together with at least one Group Ib, VIIb, or VIIIb metal in an amount of from 0.01 to 30 wt %, based on the total weight of the catalyst, applied to a support, wherein from 10 to 50% of the pore volume of the support comprises macropores having a pore diameter in the range of from 50 nm to 10,000 nm and from 50 to 90% of the pore volume of the support comprises mesopores having a pore diameter in the range of from 2 to 50 nm, the sum of said pore volumes being 100%, and said catalyst as such.

Abstract: The polymerizable cyclodextrin derivatives (“PCDs”) of this invention relate to cyclodextrin derivatives wherein substantially each molecule of which contains one or more covalently attached polymerizable group or groups, may also contain one or more other types of functional groups covalently attached, may also have other types of molecules that are complexed or more particularly within the otherwise empty spaces within the cyclodextrin derivatives, and combinations and permutations of these characteristics. The PCDs are referred to herein as “MCDs” when only methacrylate groups comprise the polymerizable groups of the PCDs.

Abstract: A process for polymerizing a vinyl ether monomer which comprises contacting the vinyl ether with an initiator system of silicon dioxide and a one or more metallic oxides.

Abstract: A method for reducing sheeting during polymerization of an alpha-olefin by feeding either a positive charge generating (MgO, ZnO, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, CuO, and mixtures thereof) or a negative charge generating (V.sub.2 O.sub.5, SiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, and mixtures thereof) inorganic chemical additive to the reactor responsive to particular static levels in the reactor. The chemical additive is added in amounts which substantially neutralizes the electrostatic charge in the reactor.

Abstract: A curable composition, the cure of which can be monitored optically, comprises at least one of a hydride curable silicone, an ethylenically unsaturated compound, and a cationically polymerizable monomer, and as cure monitor dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof. The cure monitor is a latent fluorophore which reacts under the cure conditions to form a UV-detectable fluorophore.The invention also provides a method for measuring degree of cure of a polymeric material which can be a coating or an article.

Abstract: There is described a process for the production of pigment/plastic premixes characterized by homogeneous distribution of pigment in a polymer matrix. The invention is based on the polymerization of olefins carried out by means of a process using Ziegler catalyst. Significantly the polymerization occurs on the surface of the pigment particles, after the prior activation of the pigment particles.

Abstract: A heat-stable, polymer-forming composition of a polymerizable material, a transition metal compound, a polymer chain terminator, and, optionally, a preventive antioxidant is disclosed as well as particular uses of such composition.

Abstract: Polymerization of 1-olefins is conducted with a supported catalyst consisting essentially of a polymeric hydrocarbon aluminate comprising at least one ##STR1## unit.

Abstract: Polymerization of 1-olefins is conducted with a supported catalyst consisting essentially of a polymeric hydrocarbon aluminate comprising at least one ##STR1## unit.

Abstract: Method for the polymerization of alpha-olefins, e.g., ethylene and its higher homologs, to produce high molecular weight polymers by contacting the alpha-olefin or an alpha-olefin mixture to be polymerized with a catalyst formed from a mixture of a first and second component, the first component essentially consisting of a dialkyl, diaryl organoaluminum compound, or aluminum hydride, and preferably a dialkyl aluminum halide, e.g., diethyl aluminum chloride, and the second component essentially consisting of a salt, freshly precipitated oxide or hydroxide of a Group IVB, VB, VIB or VIII of the Periodic System, and most preferably a salt, such as titanium chloride.

Abstract: Olefin polymerization catalysts are prepared by depositing a chromium compound and an aluminum compound on an inorganic support material and heating the support material in a non-reducing atmosphere at a temperature above about 300.degree.C up to the decomposition temperature of the support material. The supported chromium and aluminum compound is then combined with a metallic and/or non-metallic reducing agent, to provide a catalyst system useful in the polymerization of 1-olefins.

Abstract: An olefin polymerization process for the preparation of polyolefins having relatively low molecular weights and high melt indexes without loss of catalyst activity, utilizing a catalyst comprising a silica xerogel support having a pore volume greater than about 2.0 cc/g, the major portion of which volume is provided by pores having pore diameters ranging from 300 to 600 A and a surface area ranging from 200 to 500 m.sup.2 /g, and having deposited thereon a metal-containing catalytic material, such as chromium oxide, or other metal oxide. The process is designed for the preparation of polymers and copolymers of 1-olefins having a maximum of 8 carbon atoms in the chain and having no branching nearer the double bond than the 4-position, e.g., ethylene polymers.