Alcohol Or Alcoholate Has At Least One Atom Of Nitrogen Or Sulfur Chemically Combined Therewith Patents (Class 526/211)
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Patent number: 4797458Abstract: Polymers of vinyl halides having low molecular weights, good particle characteristics, and improved melt flow are made by aqueous polymerization utilizing an effective amount of a mercaptan as a chain transfer agent, wherein the mercaptan chain transfer agent is mixed with at least one material which is non-polymerizable with vinyl chloride and wherein said non-polymerizable material is substantially insoluble in water and is miscible with said mercaptan to form a chain transfer composition, and said chain transfer composition is added before the start of the polymerization while maintaining colloidal stability.Type: GrantFiled: September 2, 1986Date of Patent: January 10, 1989Assignee: The B.F. Goodrich CompanyInventor: Zaev Sharaby
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Patent number: 4789713Abstract: A terpolymer of acrylic acid, ethyl acrylate and N-tert-butylacrylamide is prepared by suspension polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: September 1, 1987Date of Patent: December 6, 1988Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Axel Sanner, Friedrich Vogel
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Patent number: 4785127Abstract: A vinyl polymer polyol is prepared by the free radical initiated polymerization of vinyl monomers using partially alkoxylated polyoxyalkyleneamines as the dispersing media. The vinyl polymer polyols of this invention give faster curing flexible polyurethane foams with improved load-bearing properties.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 1985Date of Patent: November 15, 1988Assignee: ARCO Chemical CompanyInventor: Michael Cuscurida
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Patent number: 4746715Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of polyurethanes, in particular of polyurethane elastomers under use of diols and diisocyanates as well as optionally chain extenders, comprising the improvement of using diols or optionally chain extenders having at least one terminal group of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is a straight or branched alkylene group with 2 to 12 C-atoms. The diols or chain extenders are mainly polymers or oligomers of ethylenically unsaturated monomers and preferably have a hydroxyl functionality in the proximity of 2, preferably of 1,9 to 2,1.The invention further relates to a process for the radical polymerization, comprising the improvement of polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of azo-bis-N,N'-isobutyric acid hydroxyalkyl amides of the general formula ##STR2## wherein X is a straight or branched alkylene group with 2 to 12 C-atoms.Type: GrantFiled: March 14, 1986Date of Patent: May 24, 1988Assignee: Lim Kunststoff-Technologie Gesellschaft m.b.H.Inventors: Renate Dworczak, Bernd Trathnigg, Hans Junek, Andreas Schmidt
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Patent number: 4737543Abstract: Process for the preparation of polymer dispersions with particle diameters of 50 to 1000 nm, wherein there are employed, as emulsifiers for the emulsion polymerization citric acid derivatives of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which, independently of one another, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 denote C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, (including cycloalkyl) hydrogen, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium andR.sub.4 denotes hydrogen or acetyl,with the proviso that at least one of the radicals R.sub.1 to R.sub.3 denotes alkyl, and as initiators water-soluble agents which form free radicals or redox systems with at least one water-soluble component.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 1987Date of Patent: April 12, 1988Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Udo W. Hendricks, Adolf Schmidt
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Patent number: 4734238Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a powder of a cationic polymer by spreading on a moveable carrier a layer of an aqueous solution of a vinyl monomer, carrying out continuous polymerization followed by peeling off hydrous polymer from the carrier in a hot state, and cutting said hydrous polymer in a hot state by a shearing stress.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 1986Date of Patent: March 29, 1988Assignees: Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., Nitto Chemical Indutry Co., Ltd., Diafloc Co., Ltd.Inventors: Teruhiko Sugimori, Hideaki Habara, Ken-ichi Inukai, Akihisa Furuno
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Patent number: 4717738Abstract: Polyurethane resins having high rigidity and improved physical properties, such as mechanical strengths and heat resistance are obtained by reacting a polyisocyanate with a polyol component comprising a pendant hydroxyl-containing polymer polyol, of high polymer content, derived from a polyol and a mixture comprising a hydroxyl-containing monomer and an unsaturated nitrile, or a combination of said polymer polyol with an epoxy-containing polymer polyol.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1985Date of Patent: January 5, 1988Assignee: Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Masao Fukuda, Koji Kumata
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Patent number: 4694056Abstract: This invention relates to an improved pressure sensitive adhesive comprising a polymer system which has excellent tack, peel and shear adhesion strengths. The improvement resides in the polymer, with the polymer system being formed by emulsion polymerizing an unsaturated ester, an unsaturated carboxylic acid and a polyfunctional monomer in the presence of a stabilizer system comprising an ethoxylated acetylenic tertiary glycol and polyvinyl alcohol.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 1982Date of Patent: September 15, 1987Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventor: William E. Lenney
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Patent number: 4692493Abstract: Stable aqueous, colloidal dispersions, having a high shear stability, of copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and ethylene, which may also contain at least one further comonomer, are described. Such dispersions are prepared in the presence of a mixture of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorononanoic or perfluorodecanoic acids or salts thereof.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1986Date of Patent: September 8, 1987Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Reinhard A. Sulzbach, Konrad von Werner
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Patent number: 4661569Abstract: In a process of polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated compounds by polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a free radical-forming initiator system and optionally customary protective colloids and/or emulsifiers and optional known additives in a reactor whose surfaces contact the reaction components, the improvement comprising providing the reactor surfaces with a coating that at least suppresses polymer deposit formation without effecting the color and quality of the polymer.Type: GrantFiled: February 12, 1985Date of Patent: April 28, 1987Assignee: Wacker-Chemie GmbHInventors: Willi Kleine, Werner Frey, Albrecht Daweritz
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Patent number: 4619978Abstract: An improved process for terminating the suspension polymerization reaction of vinyl chloride monomer into polyvinyl chloride which comprises adding hindered phenols of the structure presented hereinafter to the polymerization reaction at a point in time when a predetermined amount of monomer conversion has occurred.Type: GrantFiled: September 16, 1982Date of Patent: October 28, 1986Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventor: William J. Reid
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Patent number: 4593081Abstract: In the emulsion polymerization of acrylic monomers, an improvement comprises the use of 3-mercaptopropionate esters as chain-transfer agents. Novel polymers are produced by the inventive polymerization process.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 1985Date of Patent: June 3, 1986Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Rex L. Bobsein, Merlin R. Lindstrom
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Patent number: 4587313Abstract: A radiation curable pressure-sensitive adhesive composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a liquid oligomer having one or more acrylic unsaturated double bonds in its molecule, 0.2 to 20 parts by weight of a thiol compound and 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of acrylic monomer has high cohesion and is excellent in adhesiveness.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 1984Date of Patent: May 6, 1986Assignee: Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd.Inventors: Tomohisa Ohta, Akihiko Dobashi, Yasuyuki Seki
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Patent number: 4540760Abstract: In a process for producing a polymer of monoallylamine comprising polymerizing monoallylamine, the polymerization is carried out using as a monomer inorganic acid salts (e.g., hydrochloride, sulfate, etc.) of monoallylamine in the presence of an azo type radical initiator.By the process, polymers of monoallylamine having a high degree of polymerization can be obtained in high yield.Type: GrantFiled: November 7, 1984Date of Patent: September 10, 1985Assignee: Nitto Boseki Co. Ltd.Inventors: Susumu Harada, Kiyoshi Shimizu, Hajime Serizawa
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Patent number: 4506062Abstract: A reverse phase suspension polymerization process conducted using an ionic polymerizable material and a polymerization stabilizer of opposite ionic or potentially ionic charge is modified by including also a water soluble, substantially oil insoluble, ionic non-polymerizable compound having the same charge type as the polymerizable material and having at least one alkyl group containing at least 6 carbon atoms.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1983Date of Patent: March 19, 1985Assignee: Allied Colloids LimitedInventors: Peter Flesher, Adrian S. Allen
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Patent number: 4417036Abstract: High-solids polychloroprene latices are obtained by polymerizing chloroprene, which may contain up to 50%, by weight, of a copolymerizable monomer, in aqueous alkaline emulsion containing emulsifiers and other conventional auxiliaries in the presence of from 0.1 to 2%, by weight, of a primary or secondary hydroxyalkylamine in which the OH-group is separated from the amino nitrogen atom by at least two carbon atoms, polymerization being carried out to a conversion of more than 80%.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 1982Date of Patent: November 22, 1983Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Wilfried Nolte, Heinz Esser
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Patent number: 4338237Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of aqueous, colloidal dispersions of copolymers comprising at most 60 mole % of units of tetrafluoroethylene, 60 to 40 mole % of units of ethylene and 0 to 15 mole % of units of at least one other .alpha.-olefinic monomer, which can be copolymerized with tetrafluoroethylene and ethylene, in the presence of manganese compounds as the catalyst is described. In this process, the emulsion polymerization is carried out in an aqueous phase in the presence (a) of a chain transfer agent of the formula X--CH.sub.2 --COOR (X=Cl, Br, COOH, COOR, COCH.sub.3, CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5 or C.sub.3 H.sub.7 ; and R=C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl), and (b) of a compound which stabilizes the dispersion and has the formula ##STR1## (Y=COONH.sub.4, COOH, CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2 OH, CH.sub.2 COOH or CH.sub.2 COONH.sub.4). (b) can additionally contain an ammonium salt of an inorganic non-metal acid, for example ammonium chloride or fluoride.Type: GrantFiled: June 22, 1981Date of Patent: July 6, 1982Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Reinhard A. Sulzbach, Robert Hartwimmer
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Patent number: 4330638Abstract: Substituted tartaric acids and tartaric acid derivatives have proved to be highly reactive initiators for starting radical polymerization resp. hardening reactions of unsaturated compounds and mixtures of compounds, particularly unsaturated polyester resins.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1981Date of Patent: May 18, 1982Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Heinrich Wolfers, Wolfram Mayer, Hans Rudolph, Fritz Mietzsch
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Patent number: 4326049Abstract: A process for polymerizing olefinic monomeric material comprising adding a novel water-soluble free-radical initiator-phase transfer agent complex to an organic liquid comprising free-radical polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomeric material and activating the same therein to produce free-radicals.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 1979Date of Patent: April 20, 1982Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventor: Jerald K. Rasmussen
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Patent number: 4312726Abstract: Organic polymer compounds having semi-telechelic olefinic unsaturation, which correspond to the general formula: ##STR1## in which V is the radical of an organic compound containing at least one polymerizable ##STR2## group and another group capable of reacting with the functional groups of organic compounds having radicals represented by W and Y; W is the radical of a chain transfer agent RSH, R being an organic radical having at least one hydroxyl or carboxyl group; X is the radical of an organic compound containing a polymerizable ##STR3## group; Y is the radical of an organic compound containing a polymerizable ##STR4## group and at least one other reactive group selected from hydroxyl, carboxyl, acid anhydride and epoxy groups; y is 0 or a whole number of from 1 to 10; x is the number of moles of X necessary to enable the chain --(X).sub.x -- (Y).sub.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 1979Date of Patent: January 26, 1982Assignee: UCB, Societe AnonymeInventors: August Vrancken, Paul Dufour
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Patent number: 4306048Abstract: In the production of a dried acrylamide polymer by polymerizing, in an aqueous medium, acrylamide alone or a monomer mixture comprising 50 mole % or more of acrylamide and at least one monomer copolymerizable therewith with a radical initiator, and then drying the resulting hydrous acrylamide polymer, the allowing of at least one of the following compounds [I], [II] and [III] to be present in the drying step or a step prior thereto enables the dried acrylamide polymer having a high molecular weight and a good dissolvability in water to be obtained:[I] a non-polymerizable compound having in its molecule at least one group represented by the formula, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H or an alkyl group having up to 4 carbon atoms, [II] a compound represented by the formula, R.sub.2 --S--C.sub.n H.sub.2n X wherein n is an integer of 1 to 8, R.sub.2 is an alkyl group, an aryl group or --C.sub.n H.sub.2n X, in which X is --OH, --COOH (or its salt), --CN or --CONH.sub.Type: GrantFiled: August 7, 1980Date of Patent: December 15, 1981Assignees: Nitto Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Norimasa Yoshida, Yasuo Ogawa, Ryoji Handa, Susumu Seki, Jun Hosoda, Nobuo Kurashige, Akihisa Furuno
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Patent number: 4254247Abstract: An initiator for the anionic polymerization of vinyl monomers and dienic monomers comprises the product from the association of an alkali metal amide and the salt from at least one hydroxylated compound with the same alkali metal in an aprotic solvent. The hydroxylated compound is a primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol. The hydroxylated compound may be a member selected from the group consisting of an alcohol substituted by an heterocyclic group, alcohols containing ethylenic unsaturation, alcohols substituted by an aromatic group, alicyclic alcohols, aromatic alcohols, polyhydroxy compounds, ether-alcohols, polyether-alcohols, and enols from ketones and amino acids.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 1977Date of Patent: March 3, 1981Assignee: Societe Nationale des Poudres et ExplosifsInventors: Sylvie L. Boileau, Paul J. Caubere, Serge L. Lecolier, Serge F. Raynal
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Patent number: 4243787Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the anionic polymerization and copolymerization of vinyl, dienic and heterocyclic monomers.According to the invention, the process consists in carrying out the reaction in the presence of an initiator consisting of a molecular combination of an alkali metal amide and the salt of the same alkali metal with at least one hydroxylic compound and in the absence of solvent. The initiator can be prepared by intimately mixing its constituents or in the presence of a solvent of low polarity which is subsequently evaporated off, or in situ in the monomer.Application to the synthesis of special or widely used polymers and copolymers.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 1978Date of Patent: January 6, 1981Assignee: Societe Nationale des Poudres et ExplosifsInventors: Sylvie L. Boileau, Paul J. Caubere, Gilberte Ndebeka, Serge L. Lecolier, Serge F. Raynal
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Patent number: 4234711Abstract: This invention relates to liquid adhesive and/or sealing compositions capable of hardening or curing under exclusion of oxygen comprising dicyclopentenyloxyethyl acrylate and/or methacrylate and an organic peroxy compound having 3 to 18 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of organic peroxides and organic hydroperoxides, preferably the latter, and an imide or amine accelerator.Type: GrantFiled: August 9, 1978Date of Patent: November 18, 1980Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: William D. Emmons, Vincent J. Moser
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Patent number: 4233205Abstract: A novel, heat curable, liquid polymer composition is disclosed which comprises a modified urethane oligomer containing ethylenic unsaturation, a free radical catalyst, a polyfunctional mercaptan, and a filler.Type: GrantFiled: March 26, 1979Date of Patent: November 11, 1980Assignee: Olin CorporationInventors: James M. O'Connor, Willie J. Sessions
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Patent number: 4220579Abstract: Thermoplastic elastomeric blend of:(A) EPM or EPDM type rubber;(B) amorphous polypropylene homopolymer or copolymer resin; and(C) crystalline polyolefin resin,characterized by improved processability and physical properties.Type: GrantFiled: April 17, 1978Date of Patent: September 2, 1980Assignee: Uniroyal, Inc.Inventor: Robert E. Rinehart
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Patent number: 4219626Abstract: Amines, amides and amidines work as accelerators for polymerization reactions with initiators of the 1.2-diphenyl ethane type.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 1978Date of Patent: August 26, 1980Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Heinrich Wolfers, Hans J. Rosenkranz
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Patent number: 4205152Abstract: A thermosetting resin which is a linear copolymer having a molecular weight of 10,000 to 1,000,000 and a glass transition point of -30.degree. to +80.degree. C., obtained by polymerizing in an aqueous medium a monomer mixture comprising (1) 0.1 to 50% by weight of at least one polymerizable monomer having an ampho-ionic structure, selected from the group consisting of (i) compounds representable by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each, the same or different, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group, A is O or NH, m.sub.1 and n.sub.1 are each, the same or different, an integer of 1 to 12 and X.sup..crclbar. is SO.sub.3.sup..crclbar., SO.sub.4.sup..crclbar. or CO.sub.2.sup..crclbar. and (ii) compounds representable by either one of the formulae: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.4 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sub.5 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl group, m.sub.2 is an integer of 0 to 6 and n.sub.2 is an integer of 1 to 6, and A and X.sup.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1977Date of Patent: May 27, 1980Assignee: Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.Inventors: Ryuzo Mizuguchi, Atsushi Takahashi, Shin-ichi Ishikura, Akimitsu Uenaka
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Patent number: 4201848Abstract: A homopolymer or copolymer having extremely high weight-average molecular weight of about 3,000,000 to about 50,000,000 with a narrow molecular weight distribution is prepared by emulsion polymerization of at least one monomer of an aromatic alkenyl compound such as styrene, an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester such as methyl methacrylate, or a conjugated diolefin such as butadiene or isoprene using an initiator consisting of (a) at least one peroxide of dialkyl peroxides and peroxy esters, and (b) at least one reducing agent such as alkyl primary amines, alkyl tertiary amines, polyalkylenepolyamines, alkylamino alcohols, and the like at a temperature of 0.degree. to 70.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 1978Date of Patent: May 6, 1980Assignee: Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.Inventors: Teizo Kotani, Takashi Inoue, Kozo Arai
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Patent number: 4190717Abstract: A process for producing a cationic polymer, which comprises polymerizing a vinyl monomer represented by the general formula, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents --H or --CH.sub.3, R.sub.2 represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or ##STR2## R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 represent --CH.sub.3 or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3, R.sub.5 represents --C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1, in which n is an integer of 0 to 4, ##STR3## or --CH.sub.2 COOH, and X.sup.- represents Cl.sup.-, CH.sub.3 SO.sub.4.sup.-, CH.sub.3 SO.sub.3.sup.-, or 1/2 SO.sub.4.sup.--, either alone or in admixture with up to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the monomers, of other copolymerizable vinyl monomers in the presence of 7 to 18% by weight, based on the weight of the polymerization system, of water and, if necessary, choline chloride by use of a polymerization initiator and elevating the temperature, in the final polymerization stage, to 110.degree. to 150.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 1977Date of Patent: February 26, 1980Assignees: Nitto Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Naoyuki Suzuki, Yoji Wada, Akihisa Furuno, Masao Ishii
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Patent number: 4189552Abstract: Vinyl chloride polymers or copolymers having a relatively low molecular weight or degree of polymerization are prepared by a method in which an organic compound containing a mercapto group and a hydroxy or carboxyl group in a molecule is used as the chain transfer agent. Due to their very high activity, these chain transfer agents are used in amounts that are smaller than conventionally required quantities. The quality of the polymer products is satisfactory with respect to heat stability, occurrence of fish-eyes, particle size distribution, plasticizer absorption and ease of removing residual monomer.Type: GrantFiled: April 5, 1978Date of Patent: February 19, 1980Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Satoshi Kuwata, Kinya Ogawa, Kazuhiko Kurimoto
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Patent number: 4177338Abstract: Organic polymer compounds having semi-telechelic olefinic unsaturation, which correspond to the general formula: ##STR1## in which V is the radical of an organic compound containing at least one polymerizable ##STR2## group and another group capable of reacting with the functional groups of organic compounds having radicals represented by W and Y; W is the radical of a chain transfer agent RSH, R being an organic radical having at least one hydroxyl or carboxyl group; X is the radical of an organic compound containing a polymerizable ##STR3## group; Y is the radical of an organic compound containing a polymerizable ##STR4## group and at least one other reactive group selected from hydroxyl, carboxyl, acid anhydride and epoxy groups; y is 0 or a whole number of from 1 to 10; x is the number of moles of X necessary to enable the chain --(X).sub.x --(Y).sub.Type: GrantFiled: October 24, 1974Date of Patent: December 4, 1979Assignee: UCB, Societe AnonymeInventors: August Vrancken, Paul Dufour
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Patent number: 4173688Abstract: Styrenic polymer particles having a substantially uniform particle size are prepared by suspending styrenic polymer particles having particle sizes in a certain range in water to provide an aqueous suspension and after adding to the suspension a styrenic monomer, a suspension polymerization catalyst and a polymerization retarder in an amount of 1/200 to 1/15 mole per 1 mole of the catalyst, conducting the suspension polymerization. By conducting the polymerization in the presence of a foaming agent, one can produce foamable styrenic polymer particles having a substantially uniform particle size.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 1978Date of Patent: November 6, 1979Assignees: Sekisui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha, Sekisui Kasehin Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Fumio Saito, Fumito Yamai, Yositugu Beppu, Shinpei Nakayama
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Patent number: 4169928Abstract: Vinyl chloride polymers are prepared by polymerizing a monomer component that comprises vinyl chloride in an aqueous system in the presence of an emulsifying agent that comprises an alkamine salt of dihydroxystearic acid, for example, triethanolamine dihydroxystearate.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1978Date of Patent: October 2, 1979Assignee: Tenneco Chemicals, Inc.Inventor: Henri Sidi
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Patent number: 4169828Abstract: The production of polymer beads by a suspension polymerization process in which a vinyl aromatic monomer having a free-radical generating catalyst dissolved therein is suspended in an aqueous medium with the aid of from 0.1 to 2.0 percent by weight, based on monomer, of a finely divided phosphate suspending agent in the presence of a modifier and heated to cause the monomer to polymerize into polymer beads is improved by the addition to the suspension of at least about 0.01 percent by weight based on monomer of an adjunct modifier, such as certain aminoalkanecarboxylic acids and N-substituted derivatives thereof. The process of the invention is especially applicable in the preparation of large polymer beads.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1977Date of Patent: October 2, 1979Assignee: Arco Polymers, Inc.Inventor: Harold A. Wright
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Patent number: 4161468Abstract: Graft polymer dispersions are prepared by the in situ polymerization in the presence of a free radical catalyst of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer or mixture of monomers in a liquid polyol employing as the free radical catalyst a liquid unsymmetrically-substituted azo compound having a melting point less than 30.degree. C. and a ten hour half-life between 55.degree. C. and 100.degree. C. The dispersions are low viscous liquids which may be advantageously employed in the preparation of polyurethane foams.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1978Date of Patent: July 17, 1979Assignee: BASF Wyandotte CorporationInventors: John E. Davis, Pauls Davis
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Patent number: 4156764Abstract: A poly(hydroxy) telechelic styrene polymer polymerization process comprising contacting an olefin, a free radical polymerization initiator, and a poly(hydroxyorgano) polysulfide is described. The poly(hydroxy) terminated styrene polymers can be end-capped and/or coupled with other polymeric materials. The styrene polymers can be molded, calendered, or extruded as films, sheets, fibers, laminates or other useful articles of manufacture.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1978Date of Patent: May 29, 1979Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Dwain M. White
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Patent number: 4156766Abstract: Acrylic polymerization systems having improved thermal stability are disclosed comprising an acrylic monomer binder, a diacyl peroxide catalyst selected from the group consisting of p-t-butylbenzoyl peroxide, 3,5-dimethylbenzoyl peroxide, and p-methylbenzoyl peroxide, and an amine accelerator for said catalyst. Several of the diacyl peroxide catalysts of the invention are novel.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 1977Date of Patent: May 29, 1979Assignee: Johnson & JohnsonInventor: Raymond J. Feldt
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Patent number: 4129707Abstract: The production of polymer beads by a suspension polymerization process in which a vinyl aromatic monomer having a free-radical generating catalyst dissolved therein is suspended in an aqueous medium with the aid of from 0.1 to 2.0 percent by weight, based on monomer, of a finely divided phosphate suspending agent in the presence of a modifier and heated to cause the monomer to polymerize into polymer beads is improved by the addition to the suspension of at least about 0.02 percent by weight based on monomer of certain aminoalkanesulfonic acids and N-substituted derivatives thereof. The process of the invention is especially applicable in the preparation of large polymer beads.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1977Date of Patent: December 12, 1978Assignee: ARCO Polymers, Inc.Inventor: Harold A. Wright
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Patent number: 4095019Abstract: Ethylenically unsaturated monomers susceptible to free radical polymerization may be polymerized by contacting the monomers with an initiating compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl radical.Type: GrantFiled: April 5, 1976Date of Patent: June 13, 1978Assignee: ICI Americas Inc.Inventors: Kenneth H. Markiewitz, Alfred J. Restaino
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Patent number: 4095018Abstract: An improvement in the redox polymerization of unsaturated compounds, e.g., acrylic or methacrylic acids or their ester derivatives, using novel accelerators is disclosed. The polymerization is performed utilizing as the accelerator N,N-bis-hydroxyalkyl-3,5-di-t-butyl anilines having the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and are H or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The resulting polymers are highly resistant to discoloration.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1976Date of Patent: June 13, 1978Assignee: ESPE Fabrik Pharmazeutischer Praparate GmbHInventors: Werner Schmitt, Robert Purrmann, Peter Jochum
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Patent number: 4082818Abstract: Molecular weight control is achieved in the production of acrylonitrile copolymers by means of an acid-activated mercaptan chain transfer agent.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 1976Date of Patent: April 4, 1978Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Gerald P. Coffey, Herbert F. Mazeke
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Patent number: 4069377Abstract: Secondary-aliphatic .alpha.-substituted azoalkanes, such as 1-isopropylazo-1-azidocyclohexane, and processes using such azoalkanes as polymerization initiators for vinyl monomers and as curing agents for resins.Type: GrantFiled: June 14, 1976Date of Patent: January 17, 1978Assignee: Pennwalt CorporationInventors: Ronald Edward MacLeay, Chester Stephen Sheppard
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Patent number: 4068052Abstract: A method for preventing polymer buildup in the polymerization reactor during the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer to form polyvinyl chloride polymer and copolymers, the method comprising coating reactor surfaces in contact with the reaction medium with a material selected from the group consisting of alumina, dithiooxamide, and mixtures of these prior to carrying out this polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 1976Date of Patent: January 10, 1978Assignee: Continental Oil CompanyInventors: Dean Raymond Weimer, Albert M. Durr, Jr.
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Patent number: 4065523Abstract: By conducting solution polymerization in the presence of minor amounts of water, higher molecular weight polymers are obtained.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 1975Date of Patent: December 27, 1977Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Thomas W. Hutton, Pamela J. Rogers
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Patent number: 4063012Abstract: New aliphatic azo compounds containing an .alpha.-hydroperoxy group and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof as represented by the general structure ##STR1## processes for preparing I where M is H and R is t-aliphatic by reacting t-aliphatic azo compounds having an .alpha.-halo substituent with about an equimolar amount of sodium or hydrogen peroxide; processes for converting I where M is H to its alkali or alkaline earth metal salt by reaction with aqueous solutions of the corresponding base or with calcium or sodium hydride; and the use of these novel compounds as polymerization initiators for vinyl monomers and as curing agents for resins. For example, 2-t-butylazo-2-hydroperoxy-4-methylpentane is prepared from sodium peroxide and 2-t-butylazo-2-chloro-4-methylpentane and used to polymerize vinyl chloride and to cure unsaturated polyester resin.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 1976Date of Patent: December 13, 1977Assignee: Pennwalt CorporationInventors: Ronald Edward MacLeay, Chester Stephen Sheppard
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Patent number: 4056670Abstract: Anaerobic curing compositions useful as anaerobic adhesives and sealants are described. These compositions comprise mixtures of polymerizable acrylic and substituted acrylic monomers together with a catalyst comprising an alpha-amino sulfone compound.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 1975Date of Patent: November 1, 1977Assignee: National Starch and Chemical CorporationInventor: Martin M. Skoultchi
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Patent number: 4054480Abstract: Anaerobic curing compositions useful as anaerobic adhesives and sealants are described. These compositions comprise mixtures of polymerizable acrylic and substituted acrylic monomers together with a catalyst comprising an alpha-hydroxy sulfone compound. As an alternate embodiment of the invention, certain organic peroxides may be added to the composition to further prolong the shelf life thereof and to increase the shear strength of the resulting adhesive bond.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1975Date of Patent: October 18, 1977Assignee: National Starch and Chemical CorporationInventors: Martin M. Skoultchi, Dilip K. Ray-Chaudhuri, William J. Catena
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Patent number: 4048423Abstract: Unsymmetrical azo compounds (R").sub.3 C--N.dbd.N--R' where (R").sub.3 C-- is tert.-aliphatic and R' is --C(R.sub.1)(R.sub.2)(Z) or ##STR1## e.g., 1-t-butylazo-1-chlorocyclohexane, their use as vinyl polymerization initiators and polyester resin curing agents, and methods for preparing same from t-aliphatic hydrazones and t-aliphatic .alpha.-halo-substituted azoalkanes.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 1976Date of Patent: September 13, 1977Assignee: Pennwalt CorporationInventors: Ronald Edward MacLeay, Chester Stephen Sheppard
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Patent number: 3975328Abstract: Disclosed is a method whereby a vinyl compound such as an .alpha., .beta.-carbonyl compound, acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile is polymerized in a non-protonic organic medium in the presence of an alkali metal alcoholate as the polymerization catalyst. High polymers having different stereospecific structures contained at a desired ratio as well as low polymers having regulated stereochemical structures are manufactured from vinyl compounds such as above mentioned by selecting reaction conditions such as the kind of organic medium to be used and the amount of the catalyst in use based on that of the charged vinyl compound.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1974Date of Patent: August 17, 1976Assignee: Agency of Industrial Science & TechnologyInventors: Shoei Fujishige, Mitsuo Suzuki