Abstract: A process for producing superabsorbent particles by polymerizing a monomer solution or suspension, comprising drying of the resultant aqueous polymer gel in an air circulation belt drier, grinding, classifying, and optionally thermal surface postcrosslinking, wherein the aqueous polymer gel is introduced into the air circulation belt drier by means of an oscillating conveyor belt, the underside of the revolving conveyor belt is freed of adhering polymer gel by means of at least one stripper device, and the underside of the revolving conveyor belt is sprayed with water.

Abstract: Methods of making polyisobutylene and catalyst systems are described. Polyisobutylene compositions and catalyst system compositions are also described. In some embodiments, a method of making a catalyst system includes: providing a support material; calcining the support material; and forming a catalyst system by adding to the support material (a) a mixture comprising BF3, (b) a mixture comprising BF3 and a complexing agent, or (c) both. In some embodiments, a method of making a polymer composition includes providing a catalyst system comprising: (a) a support material selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, ZrO2, TiO2, SnO2, CeO2, SiO2, SiO2/Al2O3, and combinations thereof; and (b) BF3; providing a feedstock comprising isobutylene; forming a reaction mixture comprising the feedstock and the catalyst system; contacting the isobutylene with the catalyst system; and obtaining a polymer composition.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a butene polymer, comprising: a polymerization step of performing polymerization reaction by contacting a raw material component comprising 20% by mass or more of isobutene with a Lewis acid catalyst; and a distillation step of subjecting a solution to be treated containing a reaction product of the polymerization reaction and a butene oligomer added to the reaction product to distillation treatment to obtain the butene polymer, wherein an amount of the butene oligomer added is 25 parts by mass or larger with respect to 100 parts by mass of the reaction product.

Abstract: A method for solution polymerization. The method comprises polymerizing in a solvent a monomer mixture comprising: (a) 5 to 95 wt % of a C3-C5 ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid; and (b) 5 to 95 wt % of vinyl acetate; wherein the solvent comprises 51 to 88 wt % isopropanol and 12 to 49 wt % water.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to improve the primary detergent power of detergents and cleaning products, in particular with respect to soiling containing oil and/or grease. For this purpose, copolymers including ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid-derived sulfobetaine units and hydroxyalkyl(meth)acrylic acid esters are incorporated into the products.

Abstract: A surface treatment method for treating a surface formed of an inorganic material by using a polymer is provided. The polymer contains a repeating unit (A) having a cationic group with a particular structure in a side chain thereof and a repeating unit (B) having a group of a particular structure in a side chain thereof. Also provided are a tool and a device having a modified surface, and a method for producing the tool and the device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating composition comprising a) seawater-hydrolyzable groups covalently linked to a polymer backbone, which seawater-hydrolyzable groups are capable of undergoing hydrolysis or ion-exchange when exposed to sea-water, rendering the polymer partially soluble or dispersible in seawater, and b) zwitterionic groups covalently linked to a polymer backbone wherein the polymer backbones to which the sea-water-hydrolyzable groups and the zwitterionic groups are attached serve as a film-forming binder in the coating composition, and wherein the molar ratio of the seawater-hydrolyzable groups a) to the zwitterionic groups b) is 0.1 or higher. The invention also relates to a method of providing a substrate with anti-fouling performance and to a coated substrate.

Abstract: A process to form an ethylene-based polymer comprising, in polymerized form, ethylene and at least one acid comonomer, said process comprising polymerizing a reaction mixture comprising the ethylene and the acid comonomer, in a reactor configuration comprising at least one Secondary compressor, at least one pressurization device, and at least one reactor selected from the following: at least one autoclave reactor, at least one tubular reactor, or a combination thereof; and wherein the reaction mixture is polymerized in the presence of at least one free-radical initiator, and at a pressure of at least 1000 Bar; and wherein at least a portion of a comonomer composition comprising at least a portion of the acid comonomer used in the polymerization, is compressed, to form a compressed comonomer composition, in the pressurization device, up to a discharge pressure ranging from 1000 Bar to 4000 Bar, and at a discharge temperature (DT) from 10 C to 100 C; and wherein the compressed comonomer composition bypasses the

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a three-layer plastic film that is permeable to carbon dioxide but slightly impermeable to oxygen, as packing for liquid or semi-liquid products which produce gas. When the plastic film is reinforced with a uniformly perforated second plastic film, the resulting material is suitable for the manufacture of packaging for the storage of liquid or semi-liquid products containing yeasts, such as cream yeast.

Abstract: A formulation for silicone hydrogel for use in contact lens includes at least one silicone monomer having a weight percent of the total hydrogel weight in a range from about 10% to about 35%, at least one hydrophilic monomer having a weight percent of the total hydrogel weight in a range from about 15% to about 40%, at least one crosslinker, and at least one initiator. A silicone hydrogel, and a method to form silicone hydrogel are provided.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for the synthesis of spherical particles of polyvinyl alcohol—PVA and/or polyvinyl acetate—PVAc with shell nucleus structure from total or partial hydrolysis in a caustic aqueous medium with obtaining particulates of PVA/PVAc with controlled spherical morphology, to be used in vascular embolization.

Abstract: A moisture-curable composition includes a polymer preparable by free-radical copolymerization of monomers comprising at least one monomer A and at least one monomer B. Monomer(s) A comprise free-radically polymerizable hydrolyzable silane. Monomer(s) B include a divalent group selected from the group consisting of —(CF2O)a—, —(CF2CF2O)b—, —(CF2CF2CF2O)c—, —(CF2CF2CF2CF2O)d—, —(CF2CF(CF3)O)e—, and combinations thereof, wherein a, b, c, d, and e represent integers in the range of from 0 to 130, and wherein 1?<a+b+c+d+e?130. A composite article includes a layer of a composition on a substrate. The composition comprises a cross-linked reaction product of components including the moisture-curable composition. Methods of making the composite article are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for preparing a catalyst system for heterogenous catalysis of an isobutylene polymerization reaction includes the steps of forming an alumina support in which the alumina support has pores formed therein, and reacting BF3/methanol catalyst complex with the alumina support. The ratio of methanol to BF3 in the catalyst complex ranges from 0.5 moles to 2 moles of methanol per mole of BF3. The alumina support is formed so as to have pores each having a diameter of greater than twenty nanometers. The alumina support can be in the form of beads or extrudates having a length significantly greater than a diameter. The extrudate can also have a tri-lobe configuration.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of random radical copolymers which comprises a) at least one olefinically unsaturated sulfonic acid of the formula (I), where n is 0 to 10; X is O or NR5; R1 is hydrogen or methyl; R2, R3 independently of one another are hydrogen or C1- to C6-alkyl and R5 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aryloxyalkyl, alkoxyaryl, hydroxyalkyl, (di)alkylaminoalkyl, (di)alkylaminoaryl, (di)arylaminoalkyl, alkylarylaminoalkyl or alkylarylaminoaryl, it being possible for the aryl radicals to be monosubstituted or polysubstituted, salts thereof or mixtures of acid and salts and b) at least two structurally different olefinically unsaturated monomers of the formula (II), where Y is O or NR7; R5 is hydrogen or methyl; R6 is alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, (di)alkylaminoalkyl or (di)alkylaminoaryl and R7 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aryloxyalkyl, alkoxyaryl, hydroxyalkyl, (di)alkylaminoalkyl, (di)alkylaminoaryl, (di)arylaminoalkyl, alkyl

Abstract: Methods for controlling properties of an olefin polymer using an alcohol compound are disclosed. The MI and the HLMI of the polymer can be decreased, and the Mw and the Mz of the polymer can be increased, via the addition of the alcohol compound.

Abstract: Adducts comprising a MgCl2, an alcohol ROH in which R is a C1-C10 hydrocarbon group, present in a molar ratio with MgCl2 ranging from 0.5 to 5 and less than 15% wt, based on the total weight of the adduct, of a metal salt of an aliphatic carboxylic acid having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymer ic thickener compositions comprising at least one water-swellable crosslinked copolymer, a process for preparing such compositions and their use as a thickener, e.g., in cosmetic, dermatologic, pharmaceutical or veterinary formulations. The water-swellable crosslinked copolymer according to the present invention is prepared from a mixture comprising (a) acrylamide, (b) an acrylamidoalkylsulfonic acid and/or a salt thereof and (c) an amine-based polyfunctional crosslinking agent comprising at least three allylic functions.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting hydrates in a fluid comprising water and gas comprising adding to the fluid an effective hydrate-inhibiting amount of a composition comprising one or more copolymers of N-alkyl(alkyl)acrylamide monomers and one or more cationic monomers selected from acid and alkyl chloride quaternary salts of N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylates and N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamides.

Abstract: Process for polymerizing at least one monomer under emulsion polymerization conditions, characterized in that the (co)monomers are selected from vinyl aromatic compounds, ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, C1-C10-alkyl esters of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, 1,3-butadiene, and a-olefins bearing in the range of from 10 to 250 carbon atoms per molecule, in pure form or as mixture with isomers, and using a surfactant mixture comprising (A) an alkoxylation product of at least one alkanol (a), characterized in that alkanol (a) has 6 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule and the average number of alkylene oxide units per molecule in alkoxylation product (A) assumes a value in the range of from 35 to 55, the alkylene oxide units are selected from C2-C10-alkylene oxide units and alkanol (a) has an average degree of branching of at least 1; and (B) an alkoxylation product of at least one alkanol (b), characterized in that alkanol (b) has 13 to 19 car

Abstract: A linear, branched or cross-linked anionic polyelectrolyte, resulting from the polymerisation, for 100 molar percentage: a) 50% to 99% of monomeric units including a strong, free and partially or completely salified acid function ; b) 1% to 50% of a monomeric units of formula (I): CH2?CH(R1)-C(=0)-0-(CH2)n-CF3 (I), wherein R1 represents H or CH3, and n is 1, 2 or 3; c) optionally greater than 0% to 5% of monomeric units of formula (II): R2-C(=0)-0-[(CH2-CH(R4)-0]m-R3 (II), wherein m is 0 to 50, R2 represents an unsaturated aliphatic monovalent radical with 2 to 4 carbon atoms, R4 represents H, CH3 or CH3CH2 and R3 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon aliphatic radical with 8 to 30 carbon atoms, and d) optionally greater than 0% to 5% of at least one monomer with diethylenic or polyethylenic cross-linking. The use thereof as a thickener in topical compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous solution of acrylic acid polymers, obtainable by polymerization of acrylic acid in feed mode with peroxodisulfate as initiator in the presence of hypophosphite in water as solvent, wherein (i) water and optionally one or more ethylenically unsaturated comonomers are initially charged, and (ii) acrylic acid in acidic, unneutralized form, optionally one or more ethylenically unsaturated comonomers, aqueous peroxodisulfate solution and aqueous hypophosphite solution are added continuously, and (iii) a base is added on completion of the acrylic acid feed to the aqueous solution, wherein the comonomer content does not exceed 30% by weight, based on total monomer content.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a (meth)acrylate copolymer containing tertiary amino groups by free-radical polymerization in solution from a monomer mixture selected from a) 30 to 70% by weight of a C1-C4-alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and b) 70 to 30% by weight of an alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with a tertiary amino group in the alkyl radical and c) 0 to 10% of further copolymerizable vinyl monomers, whereby one or more polymerization initiators, optionally one or more molecular weight regulators and one or more solvents or of a solvent mixture are added to the monomer mixture to give a polymerization mixture, which is polymerized at temperatures from 30 to 120° C.

Abstract: A method for preparing a catalyst system for heterogenous catalysis of an isobutylene polymerization reaction includes the steps of forming an alumina support in which the alumina support has pores formed therein, and reacting BF3/methanol catalyst complex with the alumina support. The ratio of methanol to BF3 in the catalyst complex ranges from 0.5 moles to 2 moles of methanol per mole of BF3. The alumina support is formed so as to have pores each having a diameter of greater than twenty nanometers. The alumina support can be in the form of beads or extrudates having a length significantly greater than a diameter. The extrudate can also have a tri-lobe configuration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a (meth)acrylate copolymer containing quaternary ammonium groups from a monomer mixture selected from: (a) 80 to 99% by weight of a C1-C4-alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid; and (b) 20 to 1% by weight of an alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with a quaternary ammonium group in the alkyl radical; and (c) 0 to 10% of further copolymerizable vinyl monomers whereby one or more polymerization initiators, optionally one or more molecular weight regulators and one or more solvents or of a solvent mixture are added to the monomer mixture to give a polymerization mixture, which is polymerized at temperatures from 30 to 120 C over a period of 2 to 24 hours, where the polymerization mixture is polymerized to a polymerization syrup with a conversion of the monomers to the copolymer of at least 99% by weight, where the polymerization syrup is subsequently degassed by distillation or by extrusion and the degassed polymerization syrup is further comm

Abstract: Styrenic (meth)acrylic oligomers that are prepared at lower temperature than conventional solid grade oligomers, or are hydrogenated, contain fewer terminal vinylic unsaturations, when compared to such conventional styrenic (meth)acrylic oligomers prepared by the customary high temperature processes. Styrenic (meth)acrylic oligomers that contain fewer terminal vinylic unsaturations demonstrate improved thermal stability and may provide improved resistance to UV weathering compared to the conventional and non-hydrogenated styrenic (meth)acrylic oligomers.

Abstract: Acrylic fine particles formed by polymerization of a (meth)acrylate containing monomer with a cross-linking agent are disclosed. The cross-linking agent includes a first cross-linking agent having at least three (meth)acryloyloxy groups and at least one functional group —OH, —COOH, or a combination thereof, and the acrylic fine particles can have a coefficient of variation (C.V.) of about 20 to about 60%. The acrylic fine particles can have high heat resistance and solvent resistance and also enhanced compatibility with a binder and a solvent. Accordingly, the acrylic fine particles can exhibit remarkably increased dispersibility when used in a diffusing film or the like, and thus are suitable for use as a diffusing agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of the largest possible spherical, monodisperse polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) seed particles in the micron range by dispersion polymerisation. The particles obtained in this way represent novel starting materials for the production of macroporous polymer particles, which can in turn be employed in preparative and analytical chromatography for protein preparation. They can also be employed as base material for further reactions. The novel process for the polymerisation of N-vinylpyrrolidone, which is inexpensive to carry out, gives particles having optimised quantities, such as monodispersity, sphericity and particle diameter, which can be employed in further reactions and have advantageous, in particular improved, properties for use in chromatographic separation methods.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing conductive polymer nanoparticles is provided. In addition, stabilized conductive polymer nanoparticles are provided as are stabilized nanoparticles.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a water absorbent resin in which a water absorbent resin having excellent properties can be obtained effectively.

Abstract: Preparation of high-reactivity isobutene homo- or copolymers with a content of terminal vinylidene double bonds per polyisobutene chain end of at least 50 mol % and a polydispersity of preferably 1.05 to less than 3.5, by polymerizing isobutene or an isobutene-comprising monomer mixture in the presence of an aluminum trihalide-donor complex effective as a polymerization catalyst or of an alkylaluminum halide-donor complex, especially of an aluminum trichloride-donor complex, said complex comprising, as the donor, an organic compound with at least one ether function or a carboxylic ester function.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process comprising the steps of reacting a reactive mixture comprising at least one silicone-containing component, at least one hydrophilic component, and at least one diluent to form an ophthalmic device having an advancing contact angle of less than about 80°; and contacting the ophthalmic device with an aqueous extraction solution at an elevated extraction temperature, wherein said at least one diluent has a boiling point at least about 10° higher than said extraction temperature.

Abstract: A process for polymerization of a diene is provided. The process comprises: a) reacting the diene with hydrogen peroxide in a hydrophilic organic solvent in the presence of water to obtain a polymerization reaction mixture; b) contacting the polymerization reaction mixture with water having a temperature of from 20 to 80° C. to form a mixture having an organic phase and an aqueous phase; c) removing unreacted gaseous diene from the water mixture obtained in b); d) separating the aqueous phase comprising the hydrophilic solvent from the organic phase of the water mixture; and e) distilling volatile materials from the separated organic phase from d) to obtain the polymerization product; wherein a temperature of the reaction a) is from 50-150° C.

Abstract: A process for preparing a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer by means of free-radically initiated emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and ethylene and, optionally, further comonomers, performed in the presence of at least one protective colloid and at least one nonionic, ethoxylated emulsifier with an alkyl radical or at least one ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer, and in the absence of chain transfer agent, and, before the initiation of the polymerization, 10% to 70% by weight of the vinyl acetate monomer and 40% to 100% by weight of the ethylene monomer are included in the initial charge, up to 100% by weight of the protective colloid fraction is included in the initial charge, at least 25% by weight of the emulsifier fraction is included in the initial charge, and the remaining fractions of monomers, protective colloid and emulsifier are metered in during the polymerization. A defined criterion of process COP is met.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a monolithic organic copolymer prepared by copolymerization of at least one monomer of the group consisting of styrene, (C1-C3)alkylstyrene, (meth)acrylic acid and esters thereof with a crosslinker in the presence of a macroporogen and a microporogen, wherein a) the sum of said at least one monomer of the group and the crosslinker is 10-20%, preferably 10-15%, by volume of the reaction mixture, with the rest being essentially macroporogen and microporogen, and the degree of said copolymerization is at least 70%, preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 99%, or b) the sum of said at least one monomer of the group and the crosslinker is 30-50%, preferably 35-45%, by volume of the reaction mixture, with the rest being essentially macroporogen and microporogen, and the degree of said copolymerization is in the range of 25-60%, preferably 35-50%.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a fluoroolefin polymer from an azeotropic mixture of monomers having a constant composition, the process including the step of: contacting in a reaction zone: (i) an initiator; and (ii) an azeotropic mixture of monomers including at least one fluoroolefin and, optionally, at least one ethylenically unsaturated comonomer capable of copolymerizing therewith; wherein the contacting is carried out at a temperature, pressure and length of time sufficient to produce the fluoroolefin polymer.

Abstract: This invention deals with an approach to control anionic polymerization. The anionic polymerization is conducted by adding a kind of initiator ligand compound, directly or in the form of solution into the monomer or initiator at the same or different time, or at different stages. The metal atoms in the ligand can form the association with the initiator cations, while the alkyloxy groups in the initiator ligand can restrict the entering channel of the addition of the monomers due to their relatively large volume or steric hindrance. Therefore, the initiator ligand compound can restrict the rate of anionic polymerization, restrain the side reaction, and make the anionic polymerization possible to be conducted at room or even higher temperature. The molar ratio of initiator ligand compound to initiator is from 0.01:1 to 20:1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a (meth)acrylate copolymer containing tertiary amino groups by free-radical polymerization in solution from a monomer mixture selected from a) 30 to 70% by weight of a C1-C4-alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and b) 70 to 30% by weight of an alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with a tertiary amino group in the alkyl radical and c) 0 to 10% of further copolymerizable vinyl monomers, whereby one or more polymerization initiators, optionally one or more molecular weight regulators and one or more solvents or of a solvent mixture are added to the monomer mixture to give a polymerization mixture, which is polymerized at temperatures from 30 to 120° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a (meth)acrylate copolymer containing quaternary ammonium groups from a monomer mixture selected from: (a) 80 to 99% by weight of a C1-C4-alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid; and (b) 20 to 1% by weight of an alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with a quaternary ammonium group in the alkyl radical; and (c) 0 to 10% of further copolymerizable vinyl monomers whereby one or more polymerization initiators, optionally one or more molecular weight regulators and one or more solvents or of a solvent mixture are added to the monomer mixture to give a polymerization mixture, which is polymerized at temperatures from 30 to 120 C over a period of 2 to 24 hours, where the polymerization mixture is polymerized to a polymerization syrup with a conversion of the monomers to the copolymer of at least 99% by weight, where the polymerization syrup is subsequently degassed by distillation or by extrusion and the degassed polymerization syrup is further comm

Abstract: Preparation of high-reactivity isobutene homo- or copolymers with a content of terminal vinylidene double bonds per polyisobutene chain end of at least 50 mol % and a polydispersity of preferably 1.05 to less than 3.5, by polymerizing isobutene or an isobutene-comprising monomer mixture in the presence of an aluminum trihalide-donor complex effective as a polymerization catalyst or of an alkylaluminum halide-donor complex, especially of an aluminum trichloride-donor complex, said complex comprising, as the donor, an organic compound with at least one ether function or a carboxylic ester function.

Abstract: Provided are a solid titanium catalyst component for ethylene polymerization which can polymerize ethylene at a high activity and which can provide an ethylene polymer having an excellent particle property, an ethylene polymerization catalyst and an ethylene polymerization method in which the catalyst is used. The solid titanium catalyst component (I) for ethylene polymerization according to the present invention is obtained by bringing a liquid magnesium compound (A) including a magnesium compound, an electron donor (a) having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and an electron donor (b) having 6 to 30 carbon atoms into contact with a liquid titanium compound (C) under the presence of an electron donor (B) and includes titanium, magnesium and a halogen. The ethylene polymerization catalyst of the present invention includes the component (I) and an organic metal compound catalyst component (II).

Abstract: A process for catalytically preparing (meth)acrylic esters of N-hydroxyalkylated lactams and to the use thereof.

Abstract: Preparation of high-reactivity isobutene homo- or copolymers with a content of terminal vinylidene double bonds per polyisobutene chain end of at least 50 mol % and a polydispersity of preferably 1.05 to less than 3.5, by polymerizing isobutene or an isobutene-comprising monomer mixture in the presence of an aluminum trihalide-donor complex effective as a polymerization catalyst or of an alkylaluminum halide-donor complex, especially of an aluminum trichloride-donor complex, said complex comprising, as the donor, an organic compound with at least one ether function or a carboxylic ester function.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a vulcanizable layered composition comprising at least two layers and at least one tie layer. The first of the two layers comprises a fluid permeation prevention layer and the second comprises at least one high diene rubber. The tie layer comprises, a mixture, in parts by weight relative to 100 weight parts of rubber, of suitable amounts of: (1) epoxidized natural rubber; (2) at least one high diene elastomer; (3) at least one filler; (4) least one tackifier; and (5) a rubber curing system. The fluid permeation prevention layer preferably comprises suitable amounts of: (A) at least one thermoplastic engineering resin component, preferably one or more nylon resins; and (B) at least one elastomer component, preferably a brominated isobutylene p-methylstyrene copolymer/and where the total amount of (A) and (B) is not less than 30% by weight, and wherein (B) is dispersed in a vulcanized or partially vulcanized state, as a discontinuous phase, in a matrix of component (A).

Abstract: The invention provides a method of isolating certain target compounds from tobacco, tobacco materials or smoke generated by a smoking article. The method can be used to remove undesirable compounds from tobacco, tobacco materials, or tobacco smoke. The method can also be used to remove flavor compounds from tobacco or tobacco materials, which can then be used as flavor components for tobacco material used in smoking articles and smokeless tobacco compositions.

Abstract: A process for cationically polymerizing olefin monomers in a reaction mixture includes the step of contacting olefin monomers and a catalytically effective amount of an initiating composition containing (A) a heterogeneous perfluoroaryl substituted Lewis acid coinitiator selected from the group consisting of open chain and cyclic aluminoxane compounds or Group 13 perfluoroaryl Lewis acid compounds of formula (III) and (B) an initiator selected from the group consisting of (i) organic compounds, (ii) halogens, (iii) interhalogens; (iv) Brönsted acids, (v) boron halides; (vi) silicon compounds; and (vii) germanium compounds. A novel initiator system is further disclosed.

Abstract: A one pot method of preparing cyclic carbonyl compounds comprising an active pendant pentafluorophenyl carbonate group is disclosed. The cyclic carbonyl compounds can be polymerized by ring opening methods to form ROP polymers comprising repeat units comprising a side chain pentafluorophenyl carbonate group. Using a suitable nucleophile, the pendant pentafluorophenyl carbonate group can be selectively transformed into a variety of other functional groups before or after the ring opening polymerization.

Abstract: The present invention describes the synthesis of new fluorinated elastomers with very low glass transition temperatures (Tg), a good resistance to bases, gasoline and other carburants and good workability properties, these elastomers contain hexafluoropropene (HFP), perfluoro(4-methyl-3,6-dioxaoct-7-ene) sulfonyl fluoride (PFSO2F), vinylidene fluoride (VDF) and/or at least one fluorinated alkene and/or one vinyl perfluorinated ether. In a precise case, they are prepared by radical polymerisation of HFP and PFSO2F or by radical terpolymerisation HFP, PFSO2F and VDF in the presence of different organic initiator, such as peroxides, peresters or diazo compounds.

Abstract: Acrylic fine particles formed by polymerization of a (meth)acrylate containing monomer with a cross-linking agent are disclosed. The cross-linking agent includes a first cross-linking agent having at least three (meth)acryloyloxy groups and at least one functional group —OH, —COOH, or a combination thereof, and the acrylic fine particles can have a coefficient of variation (C.V.) of about 20 to about 60%. The acrylic fine particles can have high heat resistance and solvent resistance and also enhanced compatibility with a binder and a solvent. Accordingly, the acrylic fine particles can exhibit remarkably increased dispersibility when used in a diffusing film or the like, and thus are suitable for use as a diffusing agent.

Abstract: The invention pertains to, for example, an improved sorbent and process for removing fermentation inhibitors such as furfural and/or HMF in microbial processes utilizing fermentable sugars obtained from biomass including, for example, in the production of bioalcohols. The sorbent is capable of separating one or more inhibitors from monosaccharides and is characterized by: (1) a Ksugar partition coefficient of less than about 5 and (2) one or more of the following characteristics: (a) a furfural sorption capacity of at least about 200 mg/g sorbent at a furfural solution concentration of 2.5 grams per liter of water; (b) an Mt/M? of at least about 0.9 at 7.5 sec1/2; and (c) a Kfurfural partition coefficient of greater than about 3000.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of low-peroxide crosslinked vinyllactam polymer by free-radical polymerization in the presence of at least one organic substance acting as antioxidant, low-peroxide crosslinked vinyllactam polymer obtainable by this process, and its use.