Abstract: Heterogeneous (e.g., emulsion) polymerization systems include a control agent that has a nitrogen-nitrogen bond covalently bonded to a thiocarbonyl moiety for living-type free radical polymerization of a wide variety of monomers. These control agents provide superior properties for control of the polymerization and/or the properties of the polymers obtained and/or the monomers that may be polymerized. Multifunctional control agents provide the opportunity for a variety of structurally unique polymers, including block copolymers, stars and hyper-branched polymers.

Abstract: The invention relates to open chain alkoxyamine compounds useful as polymerization regulators. The open chain alkoxyamine compounds are useful for the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The compounds of the present invention provide polymeric resin products having low polydispersity. The polymerization process proceeds with enhanced monomer to polymer conversion efficiency. In particular, this invention relates to stable free radical-mediated polymerization processes which provide homopolymers, random copolymer, block copolymers, multiblock copolymers, graft copolymers and the like, at enhanced rates of polymerization and enhanced monomer to polymer conversions.

Abstract: The present invention provides imide salts as emulsifiers for the polymerization of fluoroolefins.

Abstract: A process for preparing polymerizable biaryl derivatives comprises reacting an aromatic comprising a 6-membered ring which bears ester or benzylic OH groups in the 1,4 position with a second aromatic in a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction to give a biaryl and converting the ester or benzylic OH groups into polymerizable groups in one or more steps. The biaryls obtained are suitable for preparing polymers which are used as electroluminescence materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the radical polymerization of at least one monomer in the presence of at least two stable free radicals of different natures. The use of two different stable free radicals is reflected by a higher productivity than that which would be expected on calculating the arithmetic mean of the productivities obtained with each of the stable free radicals when they are used individually.

Abstract: Describes a polymerizable composition of (a) a first allyl functional monomer, which is selected such that a substantially completely cured polymerizate of the first allyl functional monomer has a 15 second Barcol 934 hardness of at least 40, and (b) a second allyl functional monomer selected from polyether diol bis(allyl carbonate), polylactone diol bis(allyl carbonate) and mixtures thereof. The second allyl functional monomer is present in the composition in an amount to provide a substantially completely cured polymerizate having: (i) improved organic photochromic substance incorporation relative to a substantially completely cured polymerizate of the composition free of monomer (b); and (ii) heat distortion temperature of at least 40° C.

Abstract: A process of free-radically initiated aqueous emulsion polymerization, in which polymerization is conducted in the presence of a stable N-oxyl radical and the diameter of the monomer droplets in disperse distribution in the aqueous medium is ≦500 nm.

Abstract: A light-emitting polymer and its preparation method, the polymer being excellent in electron injection and transport ability as well as hole injection and transport ability in an EL device, the EL device manufactured from the polymer being also emittable in the blue emission region, in which the EL device from an inorganic material is not mostly emittable. The light-emitting polymer of the invention is an alternated copolymer having repeated units (arylenevinylene units) excellent in hole injection and transport ability and repeated units (fluorinated tetraphenyl units) excellent in electron injection and transport ability with alternated order, as shown in formula (II). An EL device manufactured from the light-emitting polymer, a fluorinated tetraphenyl derivative of formula (I), which is used as a monomer to prepare the light-emitting polymer, and their preparation methods.

Abstract: Control agents that have a nitrogen-nitrogen bond covalently bonded to a thiocarbonyl moiety are provided for living-type free radical polymerization of a wide variety of monomers. These control agents provide superior properties for control of the polymerization and/or the properties of the polymers obtained and/or the monomers that may be polymerized. In some embodiments, a bulky group is pendant off the activated thiocarbonyl portion of the control agents. Multifunctional control agents provide the opportunity for a variety of structurally unique polymers, including block copolymers, stars and hyper-branched polymers.

Abstract: A process for the production of polymers by means of pseudo-living free-radical polymerization is disclosed. The process entails (i) reacting a polymerizable vinyl monomer with nitrogen monoxide and at least one initiator to prepare a free-radical intermediate product, and (ii) polymerizing the intermediate product optionally together with one or more additional monomers and/or with a free-radical initiator.

Abstract: Controlled stable free radical emulsion polymerization processes employ nitroxide control agents having an alpha carbon atom bearing a destabilizing substituent such as hydrogen. The emulsion polymerizations have living characteristics, including the re-initiation of polymer chains, and provide a high degree of control over molecular weight, particle size, polydispersity and polymer composition and architecture. The processes are useful for the preparation of polymer emulsions, including block copolymers, star and graft copolymers, telechelics and macromonomers from a wide range of monomers.

Abstract: This invention is related to a polymerization method wherein an atom transfer radical polymerization of a vinyl monomer is carried out under at least one condition selected from the group consisting of the following (1), (2), (3) and (4): (1) in a substantially anhydrous system; (2) in the presence of a nitrile compound; (3) addition, to the system, of a ligand to the polymerization catalyst to thereby initiate the polymerization; (4) varying a polymerization catalyst activity during polymerization to thereby control the rate of polymerization.

Abstract: A novel process for the production of oligomeric and polymeric telechelic compositions, to the telechelic compositions produced in this manner and to use thereof in the plastics, fibres or lacquer sectors.

Abstract: A novel process for the production of oligomeric and polymeric telechelic compositions, to the telechelic compositions produced in this manner and to use thereof in the plastics, fibers or lacquer sectors.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for the preparation of isoolefin copolymers in the presence of zirconium halides or hafnium halides or mixtures thereof and organic nitro compounds, especially for the preparation of butyl rubbers, as well as isoolefin copolymers composed of isobutene, isoprene and, optionally, further monomers.

Abstract: The invention provides modifiers for the anionic polymerization of conjugated dienes or of conjugated dienes with vinylaromatic compounds, wherein the modifiers are specific aminoethers.

Abstract: Control agents that have a nitrogen—nitrogen bond in a cyclic ring covalently bonded to a thiocarbonyl moiety are provided for living-type free radical polymerization without a bimodal molecular weight distribution at high monomer conversions. These control agents provide superior properties for the production of block polymers having narrow molecular weight distributions.

Abstract: Controlled stable free radical emulsion polymerization processes employ nitroxide control agents having an alpha carbon atom bearing a destabilizing substituent such as hydrogen. The emulsion polymerizations have living characteristics, including the re-initiation of polymer chains, and provide a high degree of control over molecular weight, particle size, polydispersity and polymer composition and architecture. The processes are useful for the preparation of polymer emulsions, including block copolymers, star and graft copolymers, telechelics and macromonomers from a wide range of monomers.

Abstract: This invention concerns the preparation of polymers of low polydispersity and/or controlled molecular weight and architecture employing living free radical polymerization initiated by an alkoxyamine initiator or nitroxide plus, optionally, a free radical initiator; the polymer produced thereby; selected nitroxide and alkoxyamine initiators; and a process for making the initiators; the polymeric products being useful in protective coatings.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the preparation of polymers of low polydispersity and/or controlled molecular weight and architecture employing living free radical polymerization initiated by an alkoxyamine initiator or nitroxide plus, optionally, a free radical initiator, the polymer produced thereby; selected nitroxide and alkoxyamine initiators; and a process for making the initiators; the polymeric products being useful in protective coatings.

Abstract: Control agents that have a nitrogen—nitrogen bond covalently bonded to a thiocarbonyl moiety are provided for living-type free radical polymerization of a wide variety of monomers. These control agents provide superior properties for control of the polymerization and/or the properties of the polymers obtained and/or the monomers that may be polymerized. In some embodiments, a bulky group is pendant off the activated thiocarbonyl portion of the control agents. Multifunctional control agents provide the opportunity for a variety of structurally unique polymers, including block copolymers, stars and hyper-branched polymers.

Abstract: A free-radical polymerization process for making macromonomers having the structure: comprising contacting: (a) CH2═CHY; (b) optionally, CH2═CXB; and (c) free-radicals, produced from a free-radical source; in which B, U, X, Y, Z, m, n and p are defined in the text; macromonomer quality being controlled by adjusting one or more of the following variables: molar ratios of a, b and c; temperature; monomer concentration; and conversion.

Abstract: For the preparation of a multimodal polymer at least one monomer is subjected to free radical polymerization in the presence of several alkoxyamines comprising the sequence of formula: 1

Abstract: A process for the emulsion polymerization in the presence of a stable free radical of at least one monomer which can be polymerized by the radical route, which emulsion comprises a liquid aqueous phase and a liquid organic phase, the aqueous phase comprising at least 50% by weight of water and the liquid organic phase comprising more than 50% by weight of monomer(s) to be polymerized. The invention results, by a rapid controlled polymerization process, in a latex of polymer particles, it being possible for the polymer to comprise acrylate and/or methacrylate blocks.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of radical polymerization of a vinyl monomer in the presence of a hydroxylamine. Specifically, the invention provides a process for producing a vinyl polymer having a controlled molecular weight range and a controlled level of polydispersity.

Abstract: Process for the polymerization of unsaturated vinyl and/or vinylidene monomers which comprises reacting one or more monomers in the presence of heterocyclic initiators having a nitrogen atom bound to an oxygen atom at a temperature ranging from 100 to 130° C.

Abstract: Heat-curable aqueous compositions which comprise a carboxyl-containing polymer component and optionally a hydroxyalkylated amine are used as binders for shaped articles.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a thermoplastic resin, or thermoplastic resins comprising:

Abstract: The invention relates to a process comprising a stage of polymerization or copolymerization of at least one polymerizable or copolymerizable monomer by a radical mechanism in the presence of a stable free radical and of an initiator of formula: R1—O—O—R2 wherein R1 and R2, which can be identical or different, represent an alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl or aralkyl radical comprising, for example, from 1 to 20 carbon atoms. The process is fast, allows the initiator to act more efficiently and results in polymers or copolymers exhibiting a low yellowing index.

Abstract: Polymers obtainable by a process for the living free radical polymerization of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers with the use of at least one free radical polymerization initiator and in the presence of one or more stable N-oxyl radicals, at least one stable N-oxyl radical having polymerizable double bonds, are used for processing to give moldings, films, fibers and foams.

Abstract: Nitroxides having an alpha-carbon atom with a destabilizing moiety are effective control agents for emulsion and water-based polymerizations, including the formation of block copolymers from a wide range of monomers. The nitroxide radicals may be used as a free radical or as an adduct with a residue from the initiator. The emulsions have living characteristics, including the re-initiation of polymer chains. Also, a seeded process for emulsions, which includes the step-wise addition of monomer is disclosed, providing access to a wide range of initiator types.

Abstract: A novel process for the polymerization of olefins is provided. The process involves contacting at least one olefin with at least one metallocene catalyst in the presence of a specified compound that results in the production of polymeric products having a narrower molecular weight distribution. Also provided is a process for narrowing the molecular weight distribution of a polyolefin comprising contacting an olefin, at least one metallocene catalyst and a compound specified herein. Further provided are novel polyolefins, and films and articles produced therefrom.

Abstract: A free radical polymerization process for the preparation of a thermoplastic resin or resins includes the in situ formation of a stable free radical agent from a precursor material in a reactor vessel, introducing a free radical initiator and at least one polymerizable monomer compound into the reactor vessel, and heating a mixture of the free radical initiator, the stable free radical agent, and the polymerizable monomer compound(s) in the reactor vessel to form a thermoplastic resin.

Abstract: Polymerizable compositions comprising a major amount of a first allyl functional monomer, which is an aliphatic polyol (allyl carbonate) monomer, e.g., diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate), and a minor amount of a second allyl functional monomer, which is an aromatic polyol (allyl carbonate) monomer, e.g., 4,4′-isopropylidenediphenol bis(allyl carbonate), are described. The second allyl functional monomer is present in the polymerizable composition of the present invention in at least an amount to provide a polymerizate of the composition having (i) reduced cracking relative to a polymerizate prepared from a comparative composition that is free of the second allyl functional monomer, and (ii) a refractive index of less than 1.530. Polymerizable compositions according to the present invention may optionally comprise static dyes and/or photochromic substances.

Abstract: A polymerizable composition, comprising

Abstract: A process for preparation of a microgel comprising reacting an alkoxyamine with an unsaturated monomer composition comprising a cross-linking agent comprising at least two double bonds and optionally one or more further monomers selected from monounsaturated monomers and conjugated diene monomers.

Abstract: An improved process for free radical polymerization is produced making it possible to control the growth steps of a polymerization to produce homopolymers and copolymers, including block and graft copolymers. The process uses a long half-life radical initiators and compounds which have the structure of formula I wherein X is a group having at least one carbon atom and is such that the free radical X.

Abstract: Initiators for free-radical addition polymerization comprising as structural feature the Diels-Alder adduct of an azo group (—N═N—) with a conjugated double bond (diene).

Abstract: A polymerization process for the preparation of (meth)acrylate containing homopolymers or block copolymers comprises heating a mixture of a free radical initiator, a stable free radical agent, and a polymerizable monomer compound to form a thermoplastic resin or resins with a narrow polydispersity. The stable free radical agent is a piperazinone or morpholone based nitroxide or any adducts thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for the production of low-gel, high molecular weight isoolefin copolymers in the presence of vanadium compounds and organic nitro compounds, in particular for the production of butyl rubbers, and isoolefin copolymers synthesized from isobutene, isoprene and optionally further monomers with a comonomer content of greater than 2.5 mol %, a molecular weight Mw of greater than 240 kg/mol and a gel content of less than 1.2 wt. %.

Abstract: This invention relates to molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) using an amide as the hydrogen bonding functional group. The amide MIPs made according to this invention exhibited enantiomeric recognition of the imprinted species when evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) even in an aqueous phase. In addition, the amide MIPs demonstrated improved enantiomeric resolution and load capacity.

Abstract: Vinyl monomers are polymerized in the aqueous phase in the presence of at least one N-oxyl compound of a secondary amine, having no hydrogen atoms bonded to the &agr; carbon atoms. This process substantially eliminates deposits on reactor surfaces.

Abstract: A process for producing a shaped product, which comprises polymerizing a mixture comprising a radical scavenger, a polymerization initiator and a radical polymerizable monomer to obtain a partially polymerized mixture having the conversion of the monomer into the polymer of from 5 to 90 wt %, filling the partially polymerized mixture in a predetermined cavity and then applying polymerization energy to complete polymerization.

Abstract: A polymerizable composition, comprising

Abstract: A polymerizabie composition, comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer or oligomer, and b) an initiator compound of formula (I) wherein n is O or 1. The compounds of formula (I) are prepared from a free radical and a compound of formula R10NO or Further aspects of the present invention are a process for polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers, novel initiator compounds and their use for polymerization, intermediate compounds and also the polymer or copolymer produced by this process.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising: (A) a carboxyl group containing copolymer obtained by solution polymerization of (a) a carboxyl group containing polymerizable monomer and (b) another monomer copolymerizable with the monomer (a); (B) a neutralizer; and (C) a crosslinking agent. This pressure sensitive adhesive composition is suitable for use in a wafer surface protective sheet employed for protecting a circuit pattern formed on a wafer surface from cutting debris, etc. at the time of polishing the back of the wafer. When this pressure sensitive adhesive composition is used, not only is the voltage of peel electrification extremely low at the time of stripping of the pressure sensitive adhesive sheet but also, even if the pressure sensitive adhesive remains on the wafer surface, the residual pressure sensitive adhesive can easily be removed by washing with water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the polymerization or copolymerization of at least one monomer which can be polymerized or copolymerized by the radical route in the presence of a stable free radical and of an iniferter. The presence of the stable free radical greatly modifies the behavior of the iniferter during the polymerization or copolymerization, so that undesirable reactions are much reduced. It is possible, rapidly and with a high yield, to polymerize or copolymerize in the presence of an iniferter in order to result in a polymer or copolymer with a reduced polydispersity and with a monomodal molecular mass distribution.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a vinyl polymer characterized in that, in a radical polymerization of a vinyl monomer, a substituted hydroxylamine represented by a general formula: in which R1 and R2 represent hydrogen, a (substituted) aliphatic hydrocarbon group having one or more carbon atom(s) or an aromatic hydrocarbon group) and/or general formula: (in which R3 and R4 represent a (substituted) aliphatic hydrocarbon group having one or more carbon atom(s) is added. A radically polymerized vinyl polymer having a high molecular weight and a restrained molecular weight distribution can be obtained by the process of the present invention, even under a polymerization condition at a high temperature. The present invention provides, therefore, a process enabling to produce vinyl polymers which promise to have practical properties such as appearance, mechanical properties and heat resistance useful as materials for various moldings and coatings.

Abstract: The invention provides novel cationic flocculant dispersion polymers that can be utilized in the methods disclosed herein. This invention also provides methods for detecting cationic flocculants wherein said flocculants may be made via a dispersion process, a latex process or a dry polymer process. The flocculants are used to flocculate solids from liquid components of an industrial food process. The detection method involves the use of monoclonal antibodies to determine the presence or concentration of the cationic flocculants in the liquids.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of lower molecular weight polymers by free radical-initiated polymerization of unsaturated species characterized by the use of an unsaturated compound of Formula I as a chain transfer agent: wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted saturated or aromatic carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, and halogen; X is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, optionally substituted alkylsulfonyl, and optionally substituted arylsulfonyl, Y is selected from the group consisting of halogen, a polymer chain, and CR3R4Z, wherein R3 and R4 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted saturated, unsaturated or aromatic carbocyclic or hetercyclic ring, and halogen; and Z is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, optionally su