Two Or More Peroxide Compounds Patents (Class 526/228)
-
Patent number: 4515928Abstract: Non-segregating, pumpable, aqueous organic peroxide compositions comprising from about 10 to 65 weight percent of an organic peroxide are described. The compositions are prepared by forming an aqueous dispersion of the organic peroxide utilizing an emulsifying amount of a surfactant and thereafter mixing the peroxide dispersion with a freezing point depressant (or aqueous solution thereof) selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohols containing at least three hydroxyl groups, poly(C.sub.2 -C.sub.3) alkalene glycol having a molecular weight of less than 320, C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 monosaccharides, the halide salts of the alkali metals and magnesium, and mixtures of such compounds. A sufficient amount of the freezing point depressant is used to provide a liquid peroxide composition that is readily pumpable at from 0.degree. C. to -20.degree. C. Organic peroxides described are dialkylperoxydicarbonates, diacylperoxides and peresters.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 1982Date of Patent: May 7, 1985Assignee: PPG Industries, Inc.Inventor: Richard A. Schwarz
-
Patent number: 4515929Abstract: Dispersions of organic peroxide, e.g., organic peroxydicarbonates, in an aqueous medium are stabilized against homolytic peroxide decomposition at temperatures of from about -5.degree. C. to 20.degree. C. by incorporating into the dispersion, e.g., into the organic peroxide phase, from about 0.05 to about 1 mole percent, basis the organic peroxide, of diphenyl peroxydicarbonate or di(alkyl substituted) phenyl peroxydicarbonate.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1983Date of Patent: May 7, 1985Assignee: PPG Industries, Inc.Inventor: Robert H. Tang
-
Patent number: 4396737Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid composition of a polyol(allyl carbonate) monomer; a first, low initiation temperature, short half life, polymerization initiator; and, a second, high initiation temperature, long half life, polymerization initiator. Optionally, a photochromic agent may be present. Also disclosed is a method of polymerizing the composition, and the polymerizate prepared thereby.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1981Date of Patent: August 2, 1983Assignee: PPG Industries, Inc.Inventor: Ivan R. Leatherman
-
Patent number: 4382133Abstract: A process for the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride, in the presence of a redox catalyst system consisting of a peroxyester or diacyl peroxide and an isoascorbic acid ester of a carboxylic acid.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1981Date of Patent: May 3, 1983Assignee: Dart Industries Inc.Inventor: Norman G. Gaylord
-
Patent number: 4362854Abstract: Poly(p-methylstyrene) with a broad molecular weight distribution and having a melt index suitable for injection molding is prepared by polymerizing p-methylstyrene monomer with a low temperature initiator and a high temperature initiator added with all the monomer at the start of the reaction.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1981Date of Patent: December 7, 1982Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventor: Aristotle G. Prapas
-
Patent number: 4340702Abstract: There is disclosed a process of preparing vinyl dispersion resins by conducting the polymerization reaction of the vinyl monomer or monomers in an aqueous medium in the presence of a polymerization initiator or catalyst and an emulsifier or emulsifier system to form a vinyl resin latex, which is then subjected to an ultrafiltration step by forcing the same through a semipermeable membrane leaving behind the polymer particles and reusing the permeate, which contains dissolved monomer(s) and emulsifier, in the further production of vinyl resin latices. Unexpectedly, further use of the permeate substantially reduces polymer buildup in the reactor and since the ultrafiltration step increases the polymer particle concentration in the latex, considerable heat energy is saved in the spray-drying step.Type: GrantFiled: October 22, 1979Date of Patent: July 20, 1982Assignee: The B. F. Goodrich CompanyInventors: George R. Huddleston, Jr., James W. Turner
-
Patent number: 4335230Abstract: Compositions comprising asymmetrical peroxydicarbonates and their use in polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as vinyl chloride and diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate) are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 1980Date of Patent: June 15, 1982Assignee: Akzona IncorporatedInventors: James R. Kolczynski, Gerald A. Schultz
-
Patent number: 4296214Abstract: A methacrylic resin having a high solar radiant energy absorbing property wherein an organic compound (A) containing cupric ion and a compound (B) having at least one P-O-H bond in a molecule are contained into the methacrylic resin selected from poly(methyl methacrylate) or methacrylic polymers containing at least 50% by weight of a methyl methacrylate unit. A process for producing said methacrylic resin is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 1980Date of Patent: October 20, 1981Assignee: Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kazumasa Kamada, Yoshio Nakai, Kazunori Abe
-
Patent number: 4259224Abstract: The present invention relates to a special copolymer solution of acrylic resin, containing 65 to 75% by weight of copolymer solids and 25 to 35% by weight of solvent. The invention also relates to a process for the manufacture of the copolymers which are contained in the copolymer solution; and, furthermore, the invention relates to the use of copolymer solutions for the manufacture of coating compositions for lacquer systems which are low in solvents and contain polyisocyanates and in which the copolymer manufactured according to the invention is contained as the resin component which carries hydroxyl groups.Type: GrantFiled: May 25, 1977Date of Patent: March 31, 1981Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Horst Dalibor, Hans-Joachim Kiessling, Peter Quednau
-
Patent number: 4241203Abstract: What is disclosed are copolymers predominantly containing acrylonitrile and having a very low residual monomer content, for example of less than 100 ppm, the method of making such copolymers by polymerization to at least 60 percent conversion followed by post-heating at a temperature of more than 130.degree. C., and the use of such copolymers in orthopedic devices which come into direct contact with the skin.Type: GrantFiled: January 24, 1979Date of Patent: December 23, 1980Assignee: Rohm GmbHInventors: Franz Wenzel, Heinz-Dieter Bruemmer, Manfred Krieg
-
Patent number: 4234468Abstract: The present invention relates to a special copolymer solution consisting of acrylic resin containing 70 to 90% by weight of copolymer solids and 10 to 30% by weight of solvent. The invention also relates to a process for the manufacture of the copolymers which are present in the copolymer solution; additionally, the invention relates to the use of the copolymer solution for the manufacture of coating compositions for lacquer systems of low solvent content which contain polyisocyanates and which contain the copolymer manufactured according to the invention as a resin component which carries hydroxyl groups.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 1979Date of Patent: November 18, 1980Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventor: Horst Dalibor
-
Patent number: 4218554Abstract: A novel hydrogel soft contact lens and a process for preparation thereof is disclosed which employs quaternary ammonium salts as a co-monomer which provide control over the percent of hydration with as high as 85% hydration obtainable in the resulting lens.Type: GrantFiled: October 11, 1978Date of Patent: August 19, 1980Inventor: William M. Foley, Jr.
-
Patent number: 4178327Abstract: Ar-halo-ar(t-alkyl)styrenes, e.g., 2-chloro-4-(t-butyl)styrene, polymerize to form materials having unusually high temperature resistance. Additionally, compositions of such monomers, unsaturated polyesters and free-radical generating catalysts cure at lower temperatures and in less time than similar compositions containing conventional styrene monomers.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 1977Date of Patent: December 11, 1979Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Richard H. Hall, Daniel H. Haigh, Junior J. Lamson, Larry D. Yats
-
Patent number: 4163739Abstract: The present invention relates to a special copolymer solution consisting of acrylic resin containing 70 to 90% by weight of copolymer solids and 10 to 30% by weight of solvent. The invention also relates to a process for the manufacture of the copolymers which are present in the copolymer solution; additionally, the invention relates to the use of the copolymer solution for the manufacture of coating compositions for lacquer systems of low solvent content which contain polyisocyanates and which contain the copolymer manufactured according to the invention as a resin component which carries hydroxyl groups.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1977Date of Patent: August 7, 1979Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventor: Horst Dalibor
-
Patent number: 4155956Abstract: The process for producing shock-proof graft copolymers of styrene with synthetic rubber consists in that rubber is dissolved in styrene at a maximum temperature of 75.degree. C. The resultant solution is subjected to prepolymerization by being heated to 75-85.degree. C. in the presence of a plasticizer and a peroxide initiating agent. The peroxide initiator is essentially a composition of the following formulation (in parts by weight): diacylated peroxides of aliphatic acids C.sub.3 -C.sub.5, 2 to 8; diacylated peroxides of aliphatic acids C.sub.6 -C.sub.9, 80 to 89; diacylated peroxides of aliphatic acids C.sub.10 -C.sub.12, 7 to 14. The prepolymerization process proceeds until the 25-40 percent styrene conversion. The result is the prepolymer which is exposed to aqueous-suspension polymerization by being heated in an aqueous medium to maximum 140.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: March 14, 1977Date of Patent: May 22, 1979Inventors: Galina Ballova, Sergei S. Ivanchev, Olga N. Romantsova, Larisa F. Maladzyanova, Ekaterina I. Egorova, Valentina G. Karmakova, Marta P. Potiforova, Ljudmila N. Trushkina
-
Patent number: 4147852Abstract: Relatively large amounts of initiator and short reaction times produce high molecular weight copolymers of phenylmaleic anhydride with a monomer such as styrene whereas normally these conditions would be expected to produce low molecular weight copolymers. Additionally, it was found that the molar ratio of phenylmaleic anhydride and comonomers such as styrene should be controlled to about 1:3 to 1:6 to obtain the high molecular weight desired. Limited use of inert solvents is possible.Type: GrantFiled: July 25, 1975Date of Patent: April 3, 1979Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: John W. Bozzelli, Kent S. Dennis
-
Patent number: 4141934Abstract: Copolymers ofA 22 to 96 mol-% of styrene and/or .alpha.-methyl styrene,B 0 to 78 mol-% of at least one monoolefinically unsaturated monomer containing nitrile groups, andC 0 to 50 mol-% of at least one monoolefinically unsaturated monomer different from A or B are obtained by continuous bulk polymerization in a homogeneous liquid phase, in several process stages, in one or more different temperature ranges and in the presence of one or more initiators with different dissociation times in each temperature range and under pressures of from 1 to 20 bars.In first stage the monomers are copolymerized with backmixing up to a conversion of from 10 - 60 mol-% in an ideally mixed tank reactor and then after optionally additional addition of further parts of monomers copolymerization is continued with backmixing in a completely flooded, self-cleaning polymerization kneader up to a residual monomer content of from 10-50 mol-%.Residual monomers are continuously removed from the copolymer up to a content of less than 0.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 1976Date of Patent: February 27, 1979Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Frank Wingler, Adolf Schmidt, Lothar Liebig, Gerd Wassmuth
-
Patent number: 4137388Abstract: Crystal polystyrene with improved flow properties useful in injection molding is prepared in a two-stage process in which a first portion of monomer is polymerized in the presence of about 0.3 to about 2.0% peroxide initiator to convert about 70 to 95% of the monomer present to polymer having a number average molecular weight of 20,000 to 50,000 and a weight average of 50,000 to 100,000; then adding the rest of the monomer thereby reducing the catalyst concentration to generate a second moiety of polymer so that the final product has a weight average molecular weight of 150,000-300,000, and a number average of 50,000-70,000.Type: GrantFiled: January 6, 1978Date of Patent: January 30, 1979Assignee: United States Steel CorporationInventor: Louis A. Cutter
-
Patent number: 4137389Abstract: A process for the production of a crosslinkable low-molecular weight acrylic resin containing hydroxyl-groups and having a low-molecular consistency factor by the radical bulk copolymerization of(A) 0 to 30 parts by weight of a hydroxyalkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or mixtures thereof;(B) 0 to 60 parts by wt. of styrene or a substituted styrene or methyl methacrylate or mixtures thereof;(C) 10 to 90 parts by weight of an acrylic acid ester or of a methacrylic acid ester with 2 to 12 carbon atoms in the alcohol radical or mixtures thereof;(D) 0 to 30 parts by weight of an .alpha.,.beta.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 1978Date of Patent: January 30, 1979Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Frank Wingler, Josef Pedain, Walter Uerdingen
-
Patent number: 4130700Abstract: A process for the free-radical polymerization of vinyl monomers, including vinyl aromatic monomers, at at least two distinct progressively higher polymerization temperatures, each between the temperatures of about 70.degree. C to about 150.degree. C in the presence of at least two free-radical initiators, one of which initiators, used in relatively minor proportions, has the formula ##STR1## wherein x is a numeral from 1 to 5 inclusive, B is ##STR2## A is hydrocarbyl, A, is tertiary hydrocarbyl and R is A, a hydrocarbyloxy or alkylperoxy and the other initiator, used in relatively major proportions, has a 10 hour half-life temperature below about 100.degree. C. The distinct temperatures for polymerization may occur as separate parts of a polymerization in which the temperature of the system continually increases.Type: GrantFiled: January 6, 1977Date of Patent: December 19, 1978Assignee: Pennwalt CorporationInventor: Vasanth R. Kamath
-
Patent number: 4129703Abstract: A process for the free-radical polymerization of vinyl aromatic monomers in at least two thermally distinct polymerization stages each between the temperatures of about 70.degree. C and 150.degree. C in the presence of at least two free-radical initiators, one of which initiators is particularly effective at the lowest temperature stage and has the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an alkylene, alkynylene or alkenylene diradical, R.sub.1 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkyn or alkoxy and Rhd 2 is lower alkyl and R.sub.3 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl and a second of which initiators has a 10 hour half-life temperature of at least about 80.degree. C which temperature is at least about 15.degree. C above the 10 hour half-life temperature of the compound of the above formula.Type: GrantFiled: January 6, 1977Date of Patent: December 12, 1978Assignee: Pennwalt CorporationInventors: Vasanth R. Kamath, Gary A. Harpell
-
Patent number: 4129704Abstract: A diperoxyester mixture composition is provided comprising at least two symmetrical diperoxyesters and at least one unsymmetrical diperoxyester, a method of preparing such a composition, and the use of such a composition in vinyl monomer polymerization and in curing unsaturated polyester resin.Type: GrantFiled: January 25, 1978Date of Patent: December 12, 1978Assignee: Pennwalt CorporationInventor: Jose Sanchez
-
Patent number: 4125696Abstract: A process for the free-radical polymerization of a vinyl monomer, including vinyl aromatic monomer, at least two distinct, progressively higher polymerization temperatures, each between the temperatures of from about 50.degree. C and 130.degree. C, in the presence of at least two free-radical initiators, one of which, used in relatively minor proportions, is di-t-butyl diperoxycarbonate and the other, used in relatively major proportions, has a ten hour half-life temperature below 90.degree. C. The distinct temperatures for polymerization may occur as separate parts of a polymerization in which the temperature of the system continually increases.Type: GrantFiled: January 6, 1977Date of Patent: November 14, 1978Assignee: Pennwalt CorporationInventor: Vasanth R. Kamath
-
Patent number: 4125695Abstract: A process for the free radical polymerization of vinyl monomers, including vinyl aromatic monomers, wherein the temperature of the polymerization is progressively increased by at least 30.degree. C during the period of the polymerization a temperature range of from 50.degree. C to 160.degree. C and wherein the final temperature is at least 110.degree. C, the polymerization mass including an initiator sensitive to produce free radicals near or at the low temperature end of the range and an initiator sensitive to produce free radicals near or at the high temperature end of the range. A single entity initiator may contain peroxide functions that are actuated to produce free radicals at each of the temperature extremes of the process.Type: GrantFiled: January 6, 1977Date of Patent: November 14, 1978Assignee: Pennwalt CorporationInventor: Vasanth R. Kamath
-
Patent number: 4107419Abstract: Organic peroxide polymerization co-initiator compositions and their use in the initiation of the polymerization of certain monomers and comonomers such as vinyl chloride, ethylene and methyl methacrylate. The co-initiator composition contains an alpha halo substituted diacyl peroxide and a coperoxide selected from t-alkyl peresters of t-hydroperoxides, peroxydicarbonates, acyl peroxycarbonic esters, and aliphatic diacyl peroxides. Typical is acetyl 2-chlorooctanoyl peroxide with t-butyl peroxy neodecanoate.Type: GrantFiled: March 4, 1977Date of Patent: August 15, 1978Assignee: Argus Chemical CorporationInventors: Ronald L. Friedman, deceased, Roger N. Lewis
-
Patent number: 4102815Abstract: Organic peroxide polymerization co-initiator compositions and their use in the initiation of the polymerization of certain monomers and comonomers such as vinyl chloride, ethylene and methyl methacrylate. The co-initiator composition contains an alpha halo substituted diacyl peroxide and a coperoxide selected from t-alkyl peresters of t-hydroperoxides, peroxydicarbonates, acyl peroxycarbonic esters, and aliphatic diacyl peroxides. Typical is acetyl 2-chlorooctanoyl peroxide with t-butyl peroxy neodecanoate.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1976Date of Patent: July 25, 1978Assignee: Argus Chemical CorporationInventors: Ronald L. Friedman, deceased, Roger N. Lewis
-
Patent number: 4097408Abstract: A diperoxyester mixture composition is provided comprising at least two symmetrical diperoxyesters and at least one unsymmetrical diperoxyester, a method of preparing such a composition, and the use of such a composition in vinyl monomer polymerization and in curing unsaturated polyester resin.Type: GrantFiled: January 6, 1977Date of Patent: June 27, 1978Assignee: Pennwalt CorporationInventor: Jose Sanchez
-
Patent number: 4094927Abstract: An acrylic polymer of one or more C.sub.10 to C.sub.22 methacrylates and one or more acrylic acids selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid useful as a modifier for polyolefins, the composition comprising polyolefin and a minor amount of the modifier, and a process for improving processability of polyolefin comprising blending therewith the above mentioned acrylic polymer.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 1977Date of Patent: June 13, 1978Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: William H. Harrop, David Witiak, Russell A. LaBar
-
Patent number: 4092470Abstract: Stable, pumpable, highly concentrated aqueous suspensions of organic peroxides containing (a) nonionic emulsifiers having a maximum HLB value of 12.5 and (b) nonionic emulsifiers having a minimum HLB value of 12.5 or anionic emulsifiers.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 1977Date of Patent: May 30, 1978Assignee: Akzona IncorporatedInventors: Hendrik Harm Jannes Oosterwijk, Reinder Torenbeek
-
Patent number: 4081592Abstract: Acrylonitrile copolymers having controlled molecular weight are prepared using terpinolene or gamma terpinene as chain length modifier.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 1977Date of Patent: March 28, 1978Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Brandford E. Giddings, Gerald P. Coffey, William M. Giffen, Jr., Herbert F. Mazeke
-
Patent number: 4063013Abstract: Novel tertiary alkyl peresters of tertiary hydroperoxides are used as polymerization initiators wherein the peresters are characterized by the tertiary alkyl group of the acid moiety having at least two alkyl groups of two or more carbon atoms and the tertiary alkyl group of the hydroperoxide has at least five carbon atoms. Typical is the polymerization of certain vinyl monomers such as vinyl chloride.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 1977Date of Patent: December 13, 1977Assignee: Argus Chemical CorporationInventors: Ronald L. Friedman, Roger N. Lewis
-
Patent number: 4061703Abstract: The mending of defective semiconductive components of insulated electrical cable, comprising filling and sealing voids or breaks within a body of semiconductive material with a curable semiconductive patching compound comprising the combination of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, conductive filler and lauroyl peroxide, and heating the patching compound to cure the same.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 1974Date of Patent: December 6, 1977Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Sidney Rothenberg, Joseph Edward Vostovich
-
Patent number: 4054733Abstract: Ar-halo-ar(t-alkyl)styrenes, e.g., 2-chloro-4-(t-butyl)styrene, polymerize to form materials having unusually high temperature resistance. Additionally, compositions of such monomers, unsaturated polyesters and free-radical generating catalysts cure at lower temperatures and in less time than similar compositions containing conventional styrene monomers.Type: GrantFiled: June 16, 1976Date of Patent: October 18, 1977Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Richard H. Hall, Daniel H. Haigh, Junior J. Lamson, Larry D. Yats
-
Patent number: 4052547Abstract: A method of producing a polymeric material comprised of polymerizing at least one unsaturated organic compound in an aqueous emulsion in the presence of a free radical generating redox catalyst comprised of a reducing component and an oxidizing component. Said oxidizing component is a composite prepared by (A) obtaining the oxidation product of reacting p-diisopropylbenzene with oxygen and (B) removing a major portion of resulting p-diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide and unreacted monomers therefrom to effect a concentration of the remainder of the byproducts therein.Type: GrantFiled: June 1, 1976Date of Patent: October 4, 1977Assignee: The Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyInventors: Howard K. Foley, David A. Hutchings, Terry C. Neubert
-
Patent number: 4028332Abstract: An improved stabilizer system for crosslinkable polyolefins consisting of a dialkyl pentaerythritol diphosphite and a sulfur-containing compound selected from the group consisting of the diester of thiodipropionic acid and a bis(3-hydroxy-4-alkyl-2,6-dimethylbenzyl) dithiolterephthalate, and an improved crosslinkable polyolefin composition comprising this stabilizer system.Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 1975Date of Patent: June 7, 1977Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Donald G. Needham, Kenneth P. Taylor, Claude V. Brown
-
Patent number: 4000357Abstract: Ethylene is polymerized alone, or with other comonomers, under high pressure with oxygen and two or more organic initiators in a tubular reactor for the purposes of increasing the conversion of monomer to polymer and to produce polymer which has a low hexane extractables content, and which has, in the form of film, improved optical properties.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 1974Date of Patent: December 28, 1976Assignee: Union Carbide CorporationInventor: John P. Marano, Jr.