Abstract: Styrene homo-or-co- polymers, the stereoregularity of which is mainly syndiotactic are disclosed, having repeating unit or two or more different repeating units defined by a general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein each R may be the same or different. And a method of preparation of syndiotactic copolymers wherein there are two different repeating units represented by formula (I); wherein the polymerization is carried out with a catalyst comprising (a) a titanium compound and (b) a contact product of an organoaluminum compound and a condensing agent such as water.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of manufacturing phosphoric acid-type chelate resins as uranyl ion adsorbents having enhanced chelation and re-utilizing ability by introducing plenty of phosphoric acid groups both on main- and side-chain of the copolymer skeleton. The resin is prepared by both the radical suspension copolymerization of vinyl monomers such as styrene, divinylbenzene, and bis-(2-chloroethyl) vinylphosphonate and the additional introduction of phosphono group onto the copolymer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of manufacturing phosphoric acid-type chelate resins as uranyl ion adsorbents having enhanced chelation and re-utilizing ability by introducing plenty of phosphoric acid groups both on main- and side-chain of the copolymer skeleton. The resin is prepared by both the radical suspension copolymerization of vinyl monomers such as styrene, divinylbenzene, and bis-(2-chloroethyl) vinylphosphonate and the additional introduction of phosphono group onto the copolymer.

Abstract: Halogen-free flameproofed thermoplastic molding materials based on polyphenylene ethers and polystyrene containing, as essential components,A) from 5 to 92% by weight of one or more polyphenylene ethers,B) from 5 to 92% by weight of a vinylaromatic polymer andC) from 3 to 25% by weight of a flameproofing agent based onC1) from 20 to 100% by weight (based on the total amount of C) of a polymeric phosphorus compound which is obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing one or more compounds of the following structure: ##STR1## where ##STR2## R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.10 and R.sup.11 are each hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl,R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 are each alkylidene, cycloalkylidene, aralkylidene or arylidene,m, p, q, r, s, t, u and v are each 0 or 1,n is 0, 1 or 2,U is COO, O, S or NR.sup.9,V, W, X and Y are each O, S or NR.sup.9 andZ is O, S or NR.sup.10 R.sup.

Abstract: Phosphonium mordanting polymer comprising randomly distributed recurring units corresponding to the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein: A represents a unit that is derived from a copolymerizable monomer having a hydrophobic character e.g. acrylonitrile,n represents an integer of from 1 to about 12;each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 (same or different) represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group;X.sup.-- represents an acid anion e.g. a halogen anion, or an anion derived from an inorganic acid;x+y+z represents from about 2 mole % to about 70 mole % with y+z maximum 15 mole % andw represents from about 30 mole % to about 98 mole %.

Abstract: An antibacterial agent comprising as an active ingredient a vinylbenzyl phosphonium salt of the general formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represent a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an aryl group, a hydroxyl group, or an alkoxyl-substituted alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group, and X.sup.- is an anion; and/or a phosphonium salt polymer in which the vinylbenzyl phosphonium salt, a monomer, is polymerized.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to orthodontic adhesive formulations, both light curable in the visible wavelength range, and self-curing, for use in the adherence of orthodontic appliances to the surface of etched human teeth. These formulations exhibit a high degree of surface wetting, an available source of leachable fluoride, low polymerization shrinkage, high physical properties and adhesion, and in the light curable embodiment, a post-curing capability.

Abstract: A two-part adhesive consisting of a first liquid comprising 100 parts by weight of a polymerizable vinyl monomer and from 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of an organic peroxide and a second liquid comprising 100 parts by weight of a polymerizable vinyl monomer and from 0.05 to 15 parts by weight of a reducing agent, wherein either one or both of the first and second liquids contain from 0.4 to 5% by weight of water, and the content of water is more than 0.2% by weight based on the total amount of the first and second liquids.

Abstract: A copolymer having repeating units of the following formula (I) and repeating units of the formula (II), wherein the ration of (I) to (II) is within a range of from 10:90 to 90:10 by weight ratio, and the number average molecular weight is at least 1,000, or the intrinsic viscosity .eta..sub.inh is at least 0.02: ##STR1## wherein A is a polyester unit having a polymerization degree of from 2 to 200, R.sup.3 is a bivalent organic group having an ester, urethane or ketone bond, and R.sup.4 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and X is a substituent having functionality.

Abstract: A support material for photosensitive substances, useful in the production of offset-printing plates, is disclosed. The support material comprises mechanically, chemically or electrochemically roughened aluminum or an aluminum alloy in the form of a sheet, a foil or a web, and which is coated on at least one side with a hydrophilic polymer which comprises (a) at least 2 mol% of units having acidic side groups and (b) at least 2 mol% of units having basic side groups which are capable of being protonated.

Abstract: Inherently tacky pressure-sensitive acrylic polymers are formed by emulsion polymerization in the presence of at least one reactive multifunctional monomer having a cyanurate or phosphate functionality.

Abstract: Styrene homo-or-co- polymers, the stereoregularity of which is mainly syndiotactic are disclosed, having repeating unit or two or more different repeating units defined by a general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein each R may be the same or different. And a method of preparation of syndiotactic copolymers wherein there are two different repeating units represented by formula (I); wherein the polymerization is carried out with a catalyst comprising (a) a titanium compound and (b) a contact product of a organoaluminum compound and a condensing agent such as water.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aqueous dispersions of magnetizable polymer particles with a narrow distribution from aqueous dispersions with a wide distribution. The amount of water in the aqueous dispersion with a wide distribution is adjusted so that the proportion by weight of magnetizable polymer particles is between about 1 and 40% of said dispersion. The surfactant concentration of the dispersion after the water adjustment is increased until two phases are obtained: a so-called liquid phase and a so-called solid phase. After separation of these two phases is accomplished, these steps are repeated as desired. An aqueous dispersion with a narrow size distribution is recovered.

Abstract: A curable resin composition is a blend of a curable phosphazene compound with a pentaerythritol acrylate compound and/or a bis(4-acryloxydialkoxyphenyl)alkane compound in a ratio of the former to the latter ranging from 90 to 10 to 5 to 95. The curable resin composition is provided with excellent properties such as a surface hardness, transparency and so on, and it can be cured at an improved curing rate.

Abstract: The epoxy resins according to the invention demonstrate the following structure: ##STR1## The cross-linked epoxy resins exhibit non-linear optical properties.

Abstract: A process for making thermoplastic copolymer beads from vinyl aromatic monomers and vinyl phosphonic acid derivatives is disclosed. A process for making foamed articles from the beads is also disclosed. The foamed articles are useful for packaging and construction applications.

Abstract: Copolymer compositions based on vinyl aromatic monomers and derivatives of vinyl phosphonic acids are disclosed. The copolymer beads of the invention are advantageously used to make foamed articles useful for packaging and construction applications.

Abstract: An optical material of a high refractive index is formed of a copolymer obtained by polymerizing 10-90 wt. % of a monomer represented by the following formula (I) and 90-10 wt. % of a monomer copolymerizable with the first-mentioned monomer. ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom or methyl group.

Abstract: Syndiotactic homopolymers of an arylcyclobutene functional monomer and syndiotactic copolymers of an arylcyclobutene functional monomer and a vinylaromatic monomer are prepared by conducting the polymerization in the presence of a catalytic amount of a suitable coordination catalyst such as the reaction product of polymethylaluminoxane and a transition metal compound.

Abstract: A terpolymer mixture having emulsifying and emulsion stabilizing properties comprising a mixture of (1) a water soluble vinyl monomer, (2) a water insoluble vinyl monomer having 12 to 30 carbon atoms and (3) a polymerizable vinyl monomer containing acid groups. The terpolymer may be used in combination with oil and water to form stable oil-in-water emulsions or in enhanced oil recovery procedures.

Abstract: Curable compositions, characterized in that they contain(a) Polyimides of the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein B represents a divalent residue containing a carbon-carbon double bond, and wherein A represents an x-valent, however at least divalent, residue,(b) alkenylphenols or compositions of alkenylphenols selected from.alpha.-.alpha.'-bis (3-alkenyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) p-diisopropylbenzene.alpha.-.alpha.'-bis (3-alkenyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) m-diisopropylbenzene2,2'-bis (3-alkenyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) perfluoropropane9,9'-bis (3-alkenyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) fluoreneor ethers thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides the polymer particles prepared by polymerizing monomer components which comprise as at least a part of polymerizable components a monomer of the formula (I): ##STR1## , wherein R is hydrogen atom or methyl group, n is a number of from 0 to 30 and m is a number of from 0 to 30 provided that m+n.gtoreq.1 and a process for preparing the polymer particles.

Abstract: Polymer particles which carry, implanted on their surface, amphiphilic molecules carrying ion-forming or reactive groups, and dispersions thereof, which may be prepared by contacting a latex of particles of a polymer having a glass transition temperature Tg greater than about 40.degree. C., with an amphiphilic compound having an HLB greater than or equal to 10 and a molecular weight greater than or equal to 400. The contacting is carried out at a temperature within the glass transition zone of the polymer, until enmeshing of the polymer chains and of the hydrophobic blocks of the amphiphilic compound has been achieved. The hydrophilic block of the amphiphilic compound carries at least one ion-forming or reactive group. The particles and their dispersions are useful in biological applications.

Abstract: Polymerization of acetylenic monomers is achieved by using a catalyst which is the reaction product of a tungsten compound and a reducing agent effective to reduce W(VI) to W(III and/or IV), e.g., WCl.sub.6.(organo-Li, organo-Mg or polysilane). The resultant silylated polymers are of heretofore unachievable high molecular weight and can be used as precursors to a wide variety of new acetylenic polymers by application of substitution reactions.

Abstract: Phosphonium mordanting polymer, that is capable of fixing acid dyes and that comprises randomly distributed recurring units corresponding to the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein: A represents a unit that is derived from a copolymerizable monomer capable of quenching singlet oxygen e.g. N-vinylimidazole or 2-methyl-1-vinylimidazole;B represents a unit that is derived from a copolymerizable monomer having a hydrophobic character e.g. acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile;n represents an integer of from 1 to about 12;each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 (same or different) represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl group e.g. n-butyl, a substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl group e.g. a methylol group, a cyanoethyl group or an aralkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group e.g. phenyl, or a substituted aryl group;X.sup.- represents an acid anion e.g. a halogen anion e.g. Cl.sup.-, Br.sup.- or I.sup.-, or an anion derived from an inorganic acid e.g. NO.sub.3.sup.-, HSO.sub.4.sup.-, SO.sub.4.sup.--, H.sub.2 PO.sub.4.sup.

Abstract: Water supplies are treated to inhibit the formation of scale deposits of alkaline earth phosphates, phosphonates, sulphates and carbonates using various hydrocarbon polymers which contain an amido functionality and which have been prepared by post-polymerization derivatization.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of polymers of vinylphosphonic acid in water with the aid of catalysts which form free radicals, which comprises heating vinylphosphonic acid and (meth)acrylic acid to temperatures of 40.degree. to 120.degree. C. in water in the presence of 1 to 5.5% by weight of aliphatic peroxy esters and/or diacyl peroxides which dissociate by half in one hour at temperatures below 122.degree. C., the total amount of vinylphosphonic acid being taken together with up to 30% by weight, based on the total amount of monomer, of (meth)acrylic acid and the remainder of the (meth)acrylic acid being added in the course of the reaction.The copolymers are suitable for use in detergent and cleaning agents.

Abstract: High molecular weight N,N-dimethylacrylamide copolymers and terpolymers were synthesized. These polymers offer outstanding advantages as injection water viscosifiers in enhanced oil recovery processes including chemical, miscible, and steam or in processes requiring profile improvement through adsorption and/or gelation. They are very valuable in applications where high salinity is a problem since they are relatively insensitive to metal salts (such as those containing polyvalent ions, such as Ca.sup.++ and Mg.sup.++.).

Abstract: Polymer-bound alkyl diarylphosphinite catalyst compositions having the formula I: ##STR1## wherein the trivalent phosphorus is substituted by one alkoxy group and one aryl group and wherein the third bond of phosphorus is a P-C bond to a pendant aryl groups of the polymer matrix and wherein .circle.p --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 -- is a polymer matrix containing aromatic groups such as polystyrene cross-linked with divinylbenzene and wherein at least 1% of pendant aryl groups of the polymer matrix are bound to phosphorus and wherein Ar is substituted by electron-donating groups such as alkyl, alkoxy, and N,N-dialkylamino, are disclosed. Polymer-bound aryl dialkyl phosphonites having the formula II, .circle.p --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --P(OR).sub.2 and polymer-bound diarylphosphinous chlorides having the formula .circle.p --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --P--(Ar')--Cl are also disclosed. Processes for making the polymer-bound phosphinites, phosphonites and phosphinous chlorides are also disclosed.

Abstract: A high temperature, pressurized process is described to synthesize phosphonated acrylamide polymers represented by the structure: ##STR1## wherein X is from the group H, OR, Cl, Br, I, --COOM, --SO.sub.3 M, ##STR2## and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A dispersion stabilizer for dispersing solid particles into a liquid medium, which comprises resin particles bearing a zwitter-ionic group in the molecule, said resin particles each having substantially an average particle size of not more than 1500 .ANG. when measured by electron microscopic observation.

Abstract: A colored polymer emulsion having dispersed therein particles of a copolymer having at least 2.times.10.sup.-5 g-eq./g of the copolymer, of a phosphoric acid group or salt thereof. The copolymer particles have an average particle size of not larger than 1 .mu.m and a minimum film-forming temperature of not higher than 35.degree. C., and have been dyed with a basic dye. The emulsion is capable of forming a film having an improved water resistance and light resistance. The emulsion is prepared by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising (a - 1) a monomer having a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, (a - 2) a hydrophobic monomer and (b) a optional hydrophilic monomer by an emulsion polymerization procedure, and then incorporating a basic dye to the obtained polymer emulsion, or by carrying out the emulsion polymerization in the presence of a basic dye.

Abstract: A stretched polypropylene film having excellent see-through characteristics, which is prepared by stretching in at least one direction a polypropylene resin sheet containing 0.05 ppm to 10,000 ppm by weight of a 3-position branched .alpha.-olefin unit and/or a vinyl cycloalkane unit, each having at least 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A radiation curable pressure-sensitive adhesive composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a liquid oligomer having one or more acrylic unsaturated double bonds in its molecule, 0.2 to 20 parts by weight of a thiol compound and 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of acrylic monomer has high cohesion and is excellent in adhesiveness.

Abstract: Polymer-bound alkyl diarylphosphinite catalyst compositions having the formula I: ##STR1## wherein the trivalent phosphorus is substituted by one alkoxy group and one aryl group and wherein the third bond of phosphorus is a P--C bond to a pendant aryl groups of the polymer matrix and wherein .circle.p --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 -- is a polymer matrix containing aromatic groups such as polystyrene cross-linked with divinylbenzene and wherein at least 1% of pendant aryl groups of the polymer matrix are bound to phosphorus and wherein Ar is substituted by electron-donating groups such as alkyl, alkoxy, and N,N-dialkylamino, are disclosed. Polymer-bound aryl dialkyl phosphonites having the formula II, .circle.p --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --P(OR).sub.2 and polymer-bound diarylphosphinous chlorides having the formula .circle.p --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --P--(Ar')--Cl are also disclosed. Processes for making the polymer-bound phosphinites, phosphonites and phosphinous chlorides are also disclosed.

Abstract: The char residue formation of molded compositions, upon combustion, is improved by incorporating into the moldable composition a char-forming polymer containing recurring units of at least one monomer capable of undergoing tautomerization, at least one monomer capable of undergoing a nucleophilic substitution reaction by said monomer capable of undergoing tautomerization and, optionally, at least one additional copolymerizable monomer.

Abstract: Dental liner and primer compositions having improved adhesion to dentin and containing a metal dissolved in a polar organic solvent, said metal being selected from Fe, Cu, Mn, Co, Sn, Cr, Ni, and Zn.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a polyampholyte polymer, having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.05 to 4.5 dl/g in 1.0 M NaCl, prepared from 32.5 to 90 percent acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, 1.5 to 65 percent, by weight, of acrylamide and 0.5 to 25 percent, by weight, of dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride and/or diethyldiallyl ammonium chloride.

Abstract: Cured polymers of bis- and tris-imides derived from tris(m-aminophenyl) phosphine oxides by reaction with maleic anhydride or its derivatives, and addition polymers of such imides, including a variant in which a mono-imide is condensed with a dianhydride and the product is treated with a further quantity of maleic anhydride prior to curing are disclosed and claimed. Such polymers are flame resistant. Also disclosed are an improved method of producing tris(m-aminophenyl) phosphine oxides from the nitro analogues by reduction with hydrazine hydrate using palladized charcoal or Raney nickel as the catalyst and fiber-reinforced cured resin composites.

Abstract: A self-curing water dispersed emulsion or solution polymerized polymer comprises copolymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers including (i) alkylol acrylamide monomer, (ii) functional monomer such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, amine, or amide functional monomer, (iii) phosphated monomer, and (iv) other ethylenically unsaturated monomer.

Abstract: A mixture consisting of a polymaleimide and a copolymerizable monomer or a prepolymer formed from these two compounds contains, as the polymerization catalyst, an ethane which is substituted by aromatic groups and hydroxyl groups or halogen (cf. formula II), such as benzpinacol. The mixture is stable on storage and heat-curable. It can be cured, while at the same time being shaped to give mouldings, sheet-like structures, laminates, adhesive bonds or foams, for example by casting or compression moulding.

Abstract: A dye preparation consists of a water-soluble acid dye and a water-insoluble basic carrier. The carrier consists of crosslinked polymer particles of average particle diameter of less than 1 .mu.m and contains at least 2 mVal/g of quaternary ammonium or phosphonium groups. The dye reacts with the carrier in an ion exchange reaction and forms a dye polymer latex which can easily isolated in solid form, stored indefinitely and redispersed in water whenever required. It forms a so-called self-dispersing dye preparation. The dye preparation is useful for making dyed layers such as in photographic recording materials.

Abstract: A polymer capable of forming an anisotropic melt characterized in that the polymer chain includes residues of cross-linking reactants at a concentration sufficient to give a polymer with a melt viscosity of not greater than 10.sup.7 Nsec/m.sup.2 measured by capillary rheometry at a shear rate of 10.sup.4 N/m.sup.2. The polymers exhibit favorable shear dependent viscosity characteristics in that the viscosity is high under low shear conditions and is low under high shear conditions, as judged by the viscosity characteristics of polymers of the same composition but not containing the residues of cross-linking reactants.

Abstract: Polymeric material comprising at least four polymeric constituents which comprise mer units of the following types:I acrylamide or derivatives thereofII acrylonitrile or derivatives thereofIII acrylic acid and esters, or derivatives thereofIV alkylol, sulphonyl or phosphonyl derivatives of I.The polymeric materials are useful as components of water bearing systems which are in the form of gels or suspensions.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved process for reducing the premature gelation during esterification of epoxy compounds containing tertiary, allylic or benzylic hydrogens (e.g., saturated epoxy resins) with ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids (e.g., acrylic acid) wherein the epoxy compound in pre-reacted with a trialkylphosphite (e.g., triethylphosphite) prior to the esterification.

Abstract: Controlled release pesticide-polymer systems are prepared by the polymerization of vinyl monomers containing pendant pesticides. The vinyl monomers are prepared by reacting an acrylic acid derivative with a pesticide or a pesticide derivative having an active hydrogen. The pesticide-polymer systems prepared from the pesticide vinyl monomers release the active pesticide material by hydrolysis or chemical depolymerization under conditions of use.

Abstract: Production of urethane foams of increased fire resistance by mixing an ethylenic, e.g. allyl or vinyl, phosphorus compound with a polyol and polymerizing the polyol with polyisocyanate while simultaneously polymerizing the ethylenic phosphorus compound with a suitable catalyst to form an interpenetrating network of urethane polymer and phosphorus-containing polymer.

Abstract: A process for preparing substantially linear water-soluble interpolymeric interfacially spreading polyelectrolytes, such process comprising (1) a homogeneous polymerization in an aqueous emulsion of a mixture of ethylenically unsaturated nonionic monomers wherein at least one of such monomers contains a reactive group and wherein the polymerization reaction forms an interpolymer containing nonionic functional groups, then (2) adding a coreactant compound to the aqueous emulsion in an amount sufficient to convert the interpolymer to a water-soluble polyelectrolyte having a charge which is the same as the charge of the emulsion of (1) above.

Abstract: This invention relates to certain novel anion exchange resins and the method of making them. It relates more particularly to aminated cross-linked polymers of bis(chloromethyl(styrene which exhibit improved anion exchange properties, and to the method of preparing the same.

Abstract: A method of finishing synthetic organic fibrous material, in particular of providing such material with an antistatic finish and simultaneously improving the dirt repellency is provided, which comprises treating said material with aqueous or organic solutions or emulsions which containA. at least one copolymer derived from at least two of the monomers of formulae ##STR1## wherein R is straight-chain or branched alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.2 is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, m is an integer from 6 to 15, and each of r and s is 1 or 2, or a copolymer of the above monomers and further ethylenically unsaturated monomers, optionally in admixture with further homo- or copolymers and/or monomeric compounds. The furnish synthetic organic fibrous material, especially textile material, shows a permanent antistatic effect. The antisoiling effect and also the fastness to rubbing and light and the soft handle are not impaired by the finish.