Abstract: A method for coating various surfaces is disclosed, which comprises the step of preparing a mixture composed by at least one compound such as an epoxy-acrylic resin, a polyester alpha-omega-acrylate resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, or a urethane-acrylate resin and by at least one unsaturated compound of the amide, lactam, piperidone and urea classes and using said mixture for compounding a varnish to be applied to the selected substrate and then irradiated with an appropriate radiation (range 200 to 400 nm wavelength).

Abstract: A novel vinyl phosphonic acid/vinyl phosphonyl fluoride copolymer, and oral compositions containing the same, are disclosed having antigingivitis activity.

Abstract: The precipitation from solution of amine phosphate salts is materially inhibited by incorporating at least one carboxylated nitrile elastomer into compositions containing at least one tertiary dimethylaryl amine and at least one unsaturated organic monoester of phosphoric acid.

Abstract: An instant-setting adhesive composition comprising a 2-cyanoacrylate and at least one 1,1-disubstituted diene, the amount of said 1,1-disubstituted diene exceeding 50% by weight based on the total weight of both components. This composition is useful in the same fields as those where conventional 2-cyanoacrylate adhesives have been used, and is excellent in impact resistance, peel resistance, heat resistance and water resistance.

Abstract: Bonding compositions for the hard tissue of the human body comprising, as the main component, (A) at least one member of polymerizable acrylate esters, methacrylate esters, acrylamide derivatives or methacrylamide derivatives possessing at least one group selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, epoxy group, amino group and hydroxyl group, and (B) at least one member of alkoxy-containing titanium compounds or alkoxy-containing silicon compounds.

Abstract: The free radical copolymerization of vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, and bis(hydrocarbyl)vinyl phosphonate in emulsion is moderated by the addition at the beginning of the reaction of an electronically resonating additive such as alphamethylstyrene. The use of such an additive limits the increase in viscosity of the system without retarding the rate of polymerization.

Abstract: The invention relates to new cross-linked copolymers containing carboxyl groups and especially useful as thickening agents for aqueous and organic solvents, which copolymers contain(A) 20 to 100% by weight of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids,(B) 0 to 80% by weight of at least one mono-olefinically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the components A and C, and(C) 0.1 to 4% by weight, calculated on the total quantity of monomers, of allyl monomer of the general formula ##STR1## in which n=0, 1 or 2,m=1, 2 or 3, wherein n+m=3,R.sub.1 =hydrogen, or an alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl or alkenyl radical, andR.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, each represents hydrogen or an allyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or alkaryl radical,wherein at least two of the radicals R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 must be an allyl radical or a substituted allyl radical.

Abstract: A macromolecular adsorbent is suitable for recovering heavy metal ions such as uranium ions from a dilute solution such as sea water and is a polymer having pendant groups having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represent a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 divalent organic group; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 respectively represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 divalent organic group; p, q, r and l respectively represent 0 or 1; R.sub.f represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 divalent perfluoro group; X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 respectively represent hydroxyl group or a hydroxyl convertible group or atom.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising a polyfunctional monomer (a) having at least 3 (meth)acryloyloxy groups, a (meth)acrylic acid mono or diester of polyethyleneglycol (b), a sulfonic acid (c), a phosphoric acid ester (d), an ethanolamine (e), organic solvent, and a photosensitizer.

Abstract: A dental filling agent is provided, which contains a phosphoric or phosphonic acid ester compound containing at least one polymerizable functional group and either a group of the formula ##STR1## or a group of the formula ##STR2## or a high molecular weight compound obtainable by polymerizing the compound either alone or as a comonomer unit. This agent has a high bonding affinity for the tooth and enjoys prolonged stability in wet environments.

Abstract: An adhesive composition is provided for hard human tissues which contains 0.1 to 10 weight percent as phosphorus of a phosphinic acid compound having the ##STR1## structure. This adhesive composition provides an intimate bond with hard human tissues such as tooth, bone, etc. and has prolonged stability under wet conditions.

Abstract: Production of urethane foams of increased fire resistance by mixing an ethylenic, e.g. allyl or vinyl, phosphorus compound with a polyol and polymerizing the polyol with polyisocyanate while simultaneously polymerizing the ethylenic phosphorus compound with a suitable catalyst to form an interpenetrating network of urethane polymer and phosphorus-containing polymer.

Abstract: Homopolymers, copolymers and terpolymers of a styrene based monomer are prepared by:(1) polymerizing at least one oxidized styrylphosphine monomer selected from the group of:(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 P(O)N.dbd.P(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2,(C.sub.6 H.sub.5 O).sub.2 P(O)N.dbd.P(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2,(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.3 N.sub.3 N.dbd.P(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 and(C.sub.6 H.sub.5)C.sub.3 N.sub.3 [N.dbd.P(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 ].sub.2 ; or(2) polymerizing p-diphenylphosphinestyrene and then oxidizing said polymerized p-diphenylphosphinestyrene monomer with an organoazide selected from the group of (C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 P(O)N.sub.3,(C.sub.6 H.sub.5 O).sub.2 P(O)N.sub.3,(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.3 N.sub.3 (N.sub.3) and C.sub.6 H.sub.5 C.sub.3 N.sub.3 (N.sub.3).sub.2.

Abstract: Highly water absorbent films and fibers are prepared by photopolymerizing an alkaline metal salt of acrylic acid, at least one alkyl acrylate or methacrylate wherein the alkyl group contains 10 to 30 carbon atoms, at least one alkyl acrylate or methacrylate wherein the alkyl group contains 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a photoinitiator. The resulting interpolymers are particularly useful in the preparation of highly absorbent personal hygiene and care products.

Abstract: An improved contact lens material is formed by a copolymer of a siloxanyl alkyl ester monomer, an itaconate ester and an ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid. The copolymer preferably includes a cross-linking agent and a hydrophilic monomer. Contact lenses made of the mterial can be readily machined and polished into hard contact lenses having excellent dimensional stability but also have extremely high permeability to oxygen.

Abstract: Dialkyl, diaryl, dialkaryl, diarylalkyl or diaryloxyalkyl dithiophosphorylated aziridineethyl acrylate or methacrylate/alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate copolymers are claimed. These can be produced by reacting a dialkyl, diaryl, dialkaryl, diarylalkyl or diaryloxyalkyl dithiophosphate with a copolymer of (A) a monomeric aziridineethyl acrylate or methacrylate and (B) a monomeric alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate.

Abstract: An internally plasticized copolymer of from about 50% to about 85%, by weight, vinyl chloride, from about 3% to about 47%, by weight, of a C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 alkyl acrylate, and from about 3% to about 47%, by weight, of a bis(hydrocarbyl)vinylphosphonate is disclosed. This copolymer can be formed by using conventional suspension, emulsion, solution or bulk polymerization procedures and can be utilized without any substantial amount of added external plasticizer in those applications in which externally plasticized vinyl chloride polymers are normally used. The use of such a resin overcomes the plasticizer migration problems associated with externally plasticized polyvinyl chloride systems.

Abstract: A fire retardant additive for a polyurethane foam comprising a copolymer of:(1) an allyl group containing compound having the formula (CH.sub.2 .dbd.CHCH.sub.2 O).sub.2 P(O)A, where A is either OR or R, R being a vinyl group, an allyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group or an aryl group;(2) at least one bis(hydrocarbyl)vinylphosphonate having the structure: ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, aryl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl, and ##STR2## wherein R and R' are hydrocarbyl and substituted hydrocarbyl groups which can be the same, different or conjoint; and(3) at least one optional third comonomer selected from the group consisting of the vinyl and vinylidene halides, the alpha olefins, vinyl esters of carboxylic acids, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acid, ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, the corresponding anhydrides thereof and the C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Stabilized, curable compositions formed from known free radical-polymerizable monomers (e.g., acrylates, stryene, etc.), and free radical initiators (e.g., peroxides, hydroperoxides, ultraviolet-sensitive compounds) by dissolving therein compounds containing the combination of allyl, lower alkoxyl and hydroxyl groups. All the groups may be present in one molecule, or the allyl group may occur in a separate molecule. Concentration of each compound may be in the range of about 0.01 to about 5 percent by weight of the total composition.

Abstract: Copolymerizable monoethylenic phosphites are produced by reacting an N-methylol allyl carbamate with a stoichiometric excess of a trialkyl phosphite. The monoethylenic phosphonate product can be copolymerized, especially with N-methylol acrylamide in water solution to provide water solutions of copolymers which cure at low temperature on cellulosic fabrics to provide fire retardancy and the phosphorus provided in this fashion resists removal by washing and dry cleaning.

Abstract: An emulsion copolymer resin which contains from about 75% to about 90% by weight vinyl chloride, from about 5% to about 15% vinyl acetate and from about 5% to about 15% of a bis(hydrocarbyl)vinylphosphonate, has a fusion temperature of from about 200.degree. F. to about 300.degree. F. and has utility as a low fusion resin in the formation of cellular polyvinyl chloride products.

Abstract: Homopolymers, copolymers and terpolymers of a styrene based monomer are prepared by:(1) polymerizing at least one oxidized styrylphosphine monomer selected from the group of:(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 P(O)N.dbd.P(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2,(c.sub.6 h.sub.5 o).sub.2 p(o)n.dbd.p(c.sub.6 h.sub.5).sub.2 c.sub.6 h.sub.4 ch.dbd.ch.sub.2,(c.sub.6 h.sub.5).sub.2 c.sub.3 n.sub.3 n.dbd.p(c.sub.6 h.sub.5).sub.2 c.sub.6 h.sub.4 ch.dbd.ch.sub.2 and(C.sub.6 H.sub.5) C.sub.3 N.sub.3 [N.dbd.P(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 ].sub.2 ; or(2) polymerizing p-diphenylphosphinestyrene and then oxidizing said polymerized p-diphenylphosphinestyrene monomer with an organoazide selected from the group of (C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 P(O)N.sub.3,(C.sub.6 H.sub.5 O).sub.2 P(O)N.sub.3,(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.3 N.sub.3 (N.sub.3) and C.sub.6 H.sub.5 C.sub.3 N.sub.3 (N.sub.3).sub.2.

Abstract: Polyvinyl halide-bis(hydrocarbyl) vinylphosphonate films and foams are crosslinked by the use of amine crosslinking agents to form products having good dimensional stability for use as cushioning materials, as insulator materials and for structural applications.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel copolycondensed vinylphosphonates and a process for their preparation. These products may be used as flame retardant monomers and are especially suitable for flame retarding textiles and a variety of other flammable substrates.

Abstract: The invention relates to filaments and fibers the filament-forming substance of which is a copolymer of from 35 to 85 weight % of acrylonitrile, from 5 to 45 weight % of vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide and/or vinylidene chloride, from 5 to 30 weight % of carboxyphosphinic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is lower alkyl having up to 8 carbon atoms, or CH.sub.2 Cl--, R.sub.2 is lower alkyl having up to 8 carbon atoms in which a hydrogen atom may be substituted by a halogen atom in case of R.sub.1 being CH.sub.2 Cl--, and R.sub.3 is hydrogen or methyl, and from 0 to 15 weight % of other unsaturated compounds having an activated double bond; the weight percentages being relative to the total amount of monomers, and a process for their manufacture. The filaments obtained are self-extinguishing and excel furthermore by their thermostability and their high degree of whiteness.

Abstract: A compound having the molecular formula: ##STR1## wherein, M is selected from the group consisting of pentavalent atoms of Group V of the Periodic Table; R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from the group consisting of substituent groups bondable to M; X is an electron withdrawing group; A is a connecting group capable of undergoing either condensation or addition reactions with compatible function groups of other compounds; R.sub.4 is an optional connecting group between the X and A groups; B is selected from the group consisting of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, O--X--R.sub.4).sub.n A and O--X--R.sub.5, and wherein R.sub.5 is selected from the group consisting of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 ; and n is the integer 0 or 1. These pentavalent atom-containing compositions may be reacted into polymers with monomers, prepolymers or polymers. The compositions and polymers have flame-retardant properties.

Abstract: Novel resins having a carbon-to-carbon backbone, cross-linked with carbon-to-carbon linkages and having a plurality of ##STR1## pendant groups, wherein m is an integer from 1 to 6, preferably 3, each R is an alkyl group of from 1 to 10 C atoms, preferably 2-6 C atoms, and X is an alkoxyl or aryloxy group, an OH- group or a hydrocarbyl COO- group or a CN-, NO.sub.3 -, SO.sub.4 -, or ClO.sub.4 - group and a method of their preparation are disclosed. The cross-linked resins are useful as resins and as insoluble catalysts for preparation of glycol ethers from alcohols and epoxides, and for polymerizing epoxides.

Abstract: In an anaerobic adhesive composition comprising an anaerobically polymerizable acrylic ester monomer and an organic peroxide, the composition further contains a phosphorus compound in an amount of at least 0.05 weight percent to the weight of said monomer, thereby to possess excellent adhesive force.

Abstract: Carboxylic acid derivatives of the formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl or haloalkyl radicals having a total of up to 8 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is hydrogen or methyl, X is oxygen or sulfur and Y is linear or branched alkylene having up to 6 carbon atoms, a process for their manufacture and filaments and fibers on the basis of modacrylic polymers wherein the fiber-forming substance comprises a copolymer of35 to 85% by weight of acrylonitrile5 to 45% by weight of vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide, vinylidene chloride or a mixture thereof, and5 to 30% by weight of a carboxyphosphinic acid derivative of the formula Iand 0 to 15% by weight of other unsaturated compounds with activated double bond, and a process for their manufacture. The filaments and fibers are self-extinguishing, have a good thermostability and a high degree of whiteness.

Abstract: Fire retardant copolymers of: (1) a bis (hydrocarbyl) vinylphosphonate, (2) a monomer which contains one ethylenically unsaturated bond, and (3) acrylic or methacrylic acid are disclosed. These copolymers are useful in a variety of applications, including as coatings, and as additives for enhancing the fire retardancy of thermoplastics.

Abstract: An improved nonflammable coating composition containing vinyl chloride, dialkyl maleate, and bis (2-chloroethyl) vinyl phosphonate, the improvement comprising forming a tertelomer using a free radical initiator in the presence of xylene, wherein the alkyl constituent of the maleate contains from 3 to 15 carbon atoms and the alkyl constituent of the phosphonate contains from 1 to 15 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A foamable polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin formulation containing (1) a copolymer formed by emulsion polymerizing from about 70% to about 90% vinyl chloride, from about 5% to about 15% vinyl acetate and from about 5% to about 15% of a bis(hydrocarbyl)vinylphosphonate; (2) a polyester or epoxy plasticizer (or mixture thereof) and (3) 4,4'-oxybis (benzene sulfonyl hydrazide) is foamed to form a product having a smooth unblistered surface, good cell quality and medium density. The foaming can take place at a temperature of from about 320.degree. F. (160.degree. C.) to about 400.degree. F. (204.degree. C.) for a period of time of from about 6 to about 20 minutes.

Abstract: Alpha-methyl-p-bromo-styrene prepared by the manipulative steps of brominating poly(.alpha.-methyl-styrene) and subsequently depolymerizing the brominated polymer. The alpha-methyl-p-bromo-styrene has particular utility as a co-monomer for preparing copolymers exhibiting a flame retardancy.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel copolycondensed vinylphosphonates and a process for their preparation. These products can be used as flame retardant monomers and are especially suitable for flame retarding textiles and a variety of other flammable substrates.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to improved polymeric materials and to a process for preparing same, which comprises blending suitable polymers into novel polymeric alloys. The disclosure further relates to novel fire-retarding and flame-resistant materials comprising such polymeric alloys and to novel membrane materials and membranes, adapted to provide novel processes of separation based on membrane technology. The novel polymeric alloys comprise commercially available polymers, blended with novel polymeric phosphonates of the general formula: ##STR1## WHEREIN: M, M', N, N' ARE ZERO OR ANY INTEGER, P IS AN INTEGER HIGHER THAN 10X designates a hydrogen atom halogen atom or a phosphorusContaining groupY designates a CH.sub.2 CHCl or CH.sub.2 CCl.sub.2 groupZ and Z' designates H or a phosphonate group - PO(OR') (OR") (at least one being a phosphonate group), wherein R and R' are alkyl or aryl groups.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for forming modified polymers of: (1) a bis(hydrocarbyl) vinylphosphonate; (2) optionally, a crosslinking monomer containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated bonds; and (3) optionally, one or more comonomers which contain one ethylenically unsaturated bond. The products formed by this process which contain any of the above mentioned monomers are substantially free of unreacted residual bis(hydrocarbyl) vinylphosphonate. The process comprises the post-addition of a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, the monomer being selected from the group consisting of the vinyl and vinylidene chlorides and bromides and the C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 dialkyl esters of maleic and fumaric acids, to the polymerization medium containing the vinylphosphonate and any optional monomers after the percent conversion of monomers in the polymerization medium has exceeded about 40%.

Abstract: Plastic foam laminates are formed by heating a laminate of a base and a plastic film, said film comprising a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-bis(hydrocarbyl) vinylphosphonate suspension copolymer and a blowing agent, at a temperature of about 140.degree.C. to about 160.degree.C. The foam which is formed thereby has a fine, uniform cell quality.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for forming polymers and oligomers containing the repeating unit ##EQU1## where R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydrocarbyl, preferably C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl groups, e.g., methyl and ethyl, and R' is an alkylene group, e.g., a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkylene group, a substituted alkylene group, or an alkylene group having one or more O, S, arylene or vinylene group interruptions in its aliphatic chain. It comprises the transalkylation of a dihalide compound of the formula:X -- R' -- X,where R' has the same meaning given above and X is either chlorine or bromine and is attached to the terminal carbon atoms in R', with a phosphonate compound of the formula, RPO(OR").sub.2, where R is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group and R" is an alkyl group, by means of reaction of that dihalide with the phosphonate at an elevated temperature, e.g., about 120.degree.C-250.degree.C.