Abstract: Vinylene copolymers composed of recurrent structural units of formula I ##STR1## wherein Ar denotes an aromatic or heterocyclic group, R denotes an inert substitutent and n stands for an integer with a value from 0-8 and processes for their preparation.

Abstract: A mixture having emulsifying and emulsion stabilizing properties resulting from the polymerization of (1) a water soluble vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylamide and methacrylamide, (2) a water insoluble vinyl monomer having an alkyl chain containing about 6 to 30 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of alkyl acrylate esters, alkyl methacrylate esters, N-alkyl acrylamides, N-alkyl methacrylamides and vinyl esters, and (3) a polymerizable vinyl monomer containing a basic group or salt thereof selected from the group consisting of ##STR1## where X is --O-- or ##STR2## A.sup.- is an inorganic anion,R" is a divalent saturated organic group containing one to six carbon atoms, andR'" is hydrogen or an alkyl group containing one to six carbon atoms.

Abstract: (Allylic carbonate)-functional compounds containing three phenylene groups are useful for forming polymers.

Abstract: Flame retardant poly(alkenyl aromatic) oligomers and lower molecular weight polymers having bromine substituents on the aromatic nucleus are prepared by cationic polymerization from the corresponding brominated monomers, for example, bromostyrene, in an organic solvent, using a Lewis acid catalyst and an aromatic chain transfer agent. The lower molecular weights enable greater tolerance with other thermoplastic polymers, and as a result compatible flame retardant blends with good ductile impact properties are possible.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive is provided which is a copolymer of an acrylate monomer which contributes to the visco-elastic properties of the copolymer and a copolymerizable mono-ethylenically unsaturated aromatic ketone comonomer free of ortho-aromatic hydroxyl groups by means of which the copolymer can be crosslinked upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation such that the amount of crosslinking comonomer and the degree of polymerization of the copolymer are controlled to obtain a creep compliance value of at least about 1.2.times.10.sup.-5 cm.sup.2 /dyne, the adhesive exhibits an enhanced level of initial adhesion when applied to skin but resists objectionable adhesion build-up over time. A preferred crosslinking ethylenically unsaturated hydroxyl-free aromatic ketone comonomer is p-acryloxybenzophenone.

Abstract: Fully cured, intact, solid castings of bis(allyl carbonate) resin, e.g., diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate), are prepared by polymerizing the resin with between about 0.75 and about 1.50 parts, per hundred parts of resin, of a monoperoxycarbonate, e.g., tertiarybutylperoxy isopropyl carbonate. An adhesion reducing amount, e.g., between about 25 and about 75 parts, per million parts of resin, of a mold release agent is incorporated into the liquid resin monomer to avoid cracking of the casting. Use of a mold release agent is not required when the resin is prepolymerized to about 15-50 percent allylic utilization.

Abstract: The char residue formation of molded compositions, upon combustion, is improved by incorporating into the moldable composition a char-forming polymer containing recurring units of at least one monomer capable of undergoing tautomerization, at least one monomer capable of undergoing a nucleophilic substitution reaction by said monomer capable of undergoing tautomerization and, optionally, at least one additional copolymerizable monomer.

Abstract: Haloalkynes are polymerized to polyunsaturated compounds with a catalyst mixture consisting of a nickel compound, and a ligand in the presence of a reducing metal.

Abstract: Terpolymer latexes prepared by emulsion polymerization of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene and a mixture of at least two different unsaturated monomers, said unsaturated monomers being at least individually copolymerizable with 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene, provide adhesive systems which afford adhesive strengths comparable to commercial solvent-based adhesives in bonding natural and synthetic elastomers to rigid and non-rigid substrates. The latexes preferably contain at least one aromatic nitroso compound.

Abstract: Vulcanizable, elastomeric chloroprene/sulfur copolymers having viscosities of from 60 to 35 ME, strengths of greater than 20 MPa and sulfur contents of from about 0.3 to 0.45% by weight are obtained by polymerizing chloroprene in the presence of from 0.05 to 0.40% by weight of sulfur to form a latex I, polymerizing chloroprene in the presence of from 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of sulfur to form a latex II, mixing latices I and II, optionally together with other sulfur-modified polychloroprene latices, in a ratio of from 4:1 to 1:4 (based in each case on solids) and peptizing the mixture, followed by working up to form the solid rubber, the percentages quoted being based on the quantity of monomer.

Abstract: Liquid hydrocarbon foams containing from 0.05 to 5 wt. % of a fluorocarbon polymer containing from 25 to 60 wt. % units of the structure ##STR1## where --R.sup.1 is --H or --F, m is an integer from 2 to 10, and n is 1 or 2 and 75 to 40 wt. % units of the structure ##STR2## where --R.sup.3 is an alkyl group containing from 10 to 20 carbon atoms. The foams are useful as oil and gas well fracturing fluids and for applying the fluorocarbon polymer to textiles as an oil and water repellant.

Abstract: Aromatic and aromatic heterocyclic enyne polymers are prepared by reacting a di-.beta.-bromovinylbenzene and a diacetylenic compound. The polymers have relatively low glass transition temperatures for fabrication, and after heat treatment exhibit high glass transition temperatures, as well as low solvent susceptibility. Also provided is a new composition of matter 1,4-bis-(cis-.beta.-bromovinyl)benzene.

Abstract: A humidity sensor as well as a humidity detection circuit are disclosed, the former employing a humidity sensitive material the electric resistance of which varies in response to the variance of humidity in an atmosphere and the latter employing such humidity sensitive material. The humidity sensor comprises a base plate made of alumina or the like with a humidity sensitive material formed on the base plate so as to form a film of a high molecular polymer unit which contains a reactive cationic monomer unit, is capable of detecting humidity over a wide range, shows little variance in nature in a high humidity atmosphere of organic gas, and has a long life. The humidity detection circuit comprises an oscillation circuit, a pair of electrodes which are connected by means of the humidity snesor and to one of which is supplied the output of the oscillation circuit as an input, and an amplifier circuit which is connected to the other one of the pair of electrodes.

Abstract: A process for the polymerization of allyl ammonium salts is disclosed wherein allyl ammonium salt is polymerized in the presence of a phosphorus compound.

Abstract: Described is a rubber composition comprising dibromopolybutadiene and the reaction product between aliphatic polyamines and polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides. The compositions are preferably used as low temperature adhesives or sealers.

Abstract: The char-forming characteristics of aromatic polymers containing one or more combustion resistant components are improved by incorporating therein a polybenzyl, a polyallyl, or an allyl/benzyl moiety. As an example, a styrene polymer comprising a halogenated comonomer such as bromostyrene is rendered char-forming by the presence of copolymerized vinylbenzyl chloride in the styrene polymer. Such polymeric compositions are useful in the manufacture of shaped articles such as housings for electrical appliances.

Abstract: Curable compositions are provided by the interaction of bis(2-hydroxyethyl) tetrachloroterephthalate with acrylic acid derivatives to form flame retardant unsaturated esters of tetrachloroterephthalic acid.

Abstract: A liquid chloroprene polymer having substantially at least one carboxyl group in the molecule and having a number average molecular weight of about 500 to about 20,000 which is produced by(1) homopolymerizing a chloroprene monomer or(2) copolymerizing a chloroprene monomer with a monomer copolymerizable with a chloroprene monomer,in the presence of an organic solvent and about 0.5 to about 20 parts by weight of a mercaptocarboxylic acid per 100 parts by weight of the monomers. The liquid polymer is reacted with a polyvalent metal oxide or hydroxide to form a thermo-reversible elastomeric composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to nitrogenous vinylbenzyl and bis-(vinylbenzyl) compounds for use in the preparation of polymers, especially ion exchange resins, and to processes for the preparation of the monomers and polymers. More particularly, it relates to the preparation, polymerization, and use of the new nitrogenous compounds as crosslinking agents and/or function-introducing agents.

Abstract: Isocyanic acid derivatives are prepared by reacting an organic halogen compound with an alkali cyanate in N,N-disubstituted organic acid amides, N,N-disubstituted sulfonic acid amides, sulfoxides, sulfones or macrocyclic polyethers, at 70.degree. to 200.degree. C, in the presence of organic polyhalogen compounds selected from compounds having dihalogenomethyl group, dihalogenomethylene group, or trihalogenomethyl group and tetrahalogenomethane, in an amount in the range of from 1 to 20 weight percent based on the weight of said organic halogen compounds.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the growth of microorganisms which comprises applying thereto microbiocidal quaternary ammonium polymers which are made by condensing a difunctional tertiary amine with an excess of 1,4-dihalo-2-butene, then after removing the unreacted 1,4-dihalo-2-butene, adding to the reaction product a calculated quantity of a heterocyclic monofunctional tertiary amine for the purpose of forming a linear polymer whose termini at both ends are quaternary ammonium moieties.

Abstract: A process for preparing a chloroprene-based liquid polymer having active terminal groups substantially at the terminals thereof comprising polymerizing chloroprene alone or in combination with one or more monomers copolymerizable with chloroprene in (1) an organic solvent having a boiling point of about 160.degree. C or less at atmospheric pressure and selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons and cyclic ethers, or (2) in carbon disulfide, which is present in an amount of about 20 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total monomer, in the presence of a xanthogen disulfide compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R can contain from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group or a cycloaliphatic group, which is present in an amount substantially equal to a ratio of about 2.5 to 20 parts by weight of diethyl xanthogen disulfide per 100 parts by weight of the total monomer.

Abstract: Vinyl halide polymers of relatively low molecular weight are obtained when a monomer component comprising a vinyl halide is polymerized in the presence of a free radical generating polymerization initiator and a molecular weight regulating agent that is a polybromobutene, such as 1,1,2,4-tetrabromobutene-2. The products have low melt viscosity and excellent fusion characteristics that make them valuable in molding, extrusion, and coating applications.

Abstract: Tetrachloroethoxyethyl acrylate and tetrachloroethoxyethyl methacrylate of the general formula ##STR1## are provided, where X is a hydrogen atom or CH.sub.3 radical. Also their homopolymers and mixed polymers are combined with vinyl and diene compounds. The aforesaid monomers are prepared by reacting the compound of the general formula ##STR2## with thionyl chloride, preferably in presence of compounds able to bind released hydrogen chloride, such as organic or inorganic bases, for instance, pyridine, triethylamine and sodium carbonate.

Abstract: A process for producing a chloroprene elastomer, which comprises copolymerizing in the presence of a radical catalyst 80 to 95 parts by weight of 2-chlorobutadiene-1,3 containing less than 0.95% by weight of 1-chlorobutadiene-1,3 with 5 to 20 parts by weight of 2,3-dichlorobutadiene-1,3 at a polymerization temperature of not higher than 20.degree. C in the presence of a mercaptan compound and a process for producing a vulcanized chloroprene rubber.

Abstract: A process for preparing a substantially gel-free thermoplastic resin having a softening point of 50.degree.-180.degree.C., an iodine value not exceeding 180 and a Gardner color of not more than 5 by heating at a temperature of 250.degree.-300.degree.C. a solution of a monomeric mixture consisting of 90-65% by weight of a cyclopentadiene type monomer and 10-40% by weight of a chain conjugated diolefin monomer of 4-5 carbon atoms at a monomer concentration of 70-95% by weight in a hydrocarbon solvent inert to thermal polymerization conditions to effect the thermal polymerization of the monomeric mixture and thereafter recovering the resulting polymer from the solvent.

Abstract: Novel symmetrical bis(unsymmetrical t-alkyl and t-aralkyl azo) compounds of the general formula I:r -- n = n -- r.sub.12 -- n = n -- r' (i)where R = R' = (R").sub.3 C--, e.g., 1,2-ethylene bis(4-t-butylazo-4-cyanovalerate); and the use of I for sequential generation of free radicals, e.g. styrene monomer and 1,2-ethylene bis(4-t-butylazo-4-cyanovalerate) are reacted to obtain polystyrene containing attached azo groups which in turn is reacted with methyl methacrylate monomer to obtain a block copolymer of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate).

Abstract: Conjugated diolefinic polymers having a molecular weight of less than 1,000,000 can be produced at high polymerization rates and in high yields by polymerizing a conjugated diolefin or copolymerizing a conjugated diolefin with a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon in the presence of an alfin catalyst, in which as a molecular weight regulator is used a halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbon represented by the formula, ##EQU1## wherein R is an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, a vinyl group, a phenyl group, an alkyl-substituted phenyl group, a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom, and X, Y and Z which may be same or different are individually a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, at least one of the R, X, Y and Z being a halogen atom.