Plural Ethylenic Groups Patents (Class 526/295)
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Patent number: 4112207Abstract: Polymers, such as butadiene copolymers and isoprene copolymers, having pendant unsaturated tetra-aliphatic quaternary nitrogen moieties, such as those derived from acrylic esters and acrylamides are useful as water-soluble or inherently water-dispersible curable coatings such as protective and/or decorative coatings, paper coatings, textile fiber coatings, printing plates, photo-curable imagable materials useful as photo-resists, lithographic plates, etc., and the like. Such coatings are curable with light, with high energy radiation and with heat in the presence of free radical catalysts to form insoluble, crosslinked coatings.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1976Date of Patent: September 5, 1978Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Giffin D. Jones
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Patent number: 4110521Abstract: An apparatus and process for the production of polymers which utilizes a tubular reactor which contains static mixers.Type: GrantFiled: September 21, 1977Date of Patent: August 29, 1978Assignee: Calgon CorporationInventors: Richard E. Barnett, Guy T. Woodrum
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Patent number: 4100079Abstract: Acids, particularly dilute acid solutions thickened with copolymers of dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride and a monomer capable of postreaction after polymerization to provide branching or partial crosslinking, are useful as oil well drilling and fracturing fluids for stimulating well production.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 1977Date of Patent: July 11, 1978Assignee: Calgon CorporationInventors: Gloria DiMarco Sinkovitz, Andrew Jackson Sharpe, Jr.
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Patent number: 4092455Abstract: Vulcanizable rubber compositions providing excellent bonding of textile or metal reinforcing fibers thereto which comprises a rubber, a filler material, an N-(substituted oxymethyl)melamine and a compound selected from 1,1'-methylenebis(2-naphthol), 2,2'-methylenebis (1-naphthol), mixtures thereof, 1,1'-thiobis(2-naphthol), 2,2-thiobis(1-naphthol), 4,4'-methylenebis(1-naphthol), 4,4'-thiobis(1-naphthol) and mixtures thereof.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 1976Date of Patent: May 30, 1978Assignee: American Cyanamid CompanyInventors: Frank George Pinto, Earl Kaplan
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Patent number: 4088630Abstract: Cyclic acetals which may be obtained by reacting tri- to hexa-ols with tetrahydrobenzaldehydes can be used as non-discoloring stabilizers for natural and/or synthetic rubber against ozone attack.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 1976Date of Patent: May 9, 1978Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Ernst Roos, Gunter Langner, Theo Kempermann, Wolfgang Redetzky
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Patent number: 4077859Abstract: An improved ultraviolet curable coating composition particularly useful with titanium dioxide pigmented systems is disclosed containing about 5 to about 85 percent, by weight, based on the total ultraviolet curable composition, of an alpha beta ethylenically unsaturated vinyl polymerizable compound containing at least about 2 sites of alpha beta ethylenic unsaturation, up to about 50 percent, by weight, of an alpha beta ethylenically unsaturated vinyl polymerizable compound containing a single site of alpha beta ethylenic unsaturation, about 0.05 to about 15 percent, by weight, on the same basis, of an ultraviolet photoinitiator, and about 5 to about 50 percent, by weight, of a polyacrylate or methacrylate ester of a polyhalogenated polyol.Type: GrantFiled: October 4, 1976Date of Patent: March 7, 1978Assignee: Celanese CorporationInventors: John R. Costanza, Anthony B. Conciatori, Nelson R. Lazear
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Patent number: 4076927Abstract: A sulfur modified polychloroprene is produced in a process which comprises polymerizing chloroprene or a mixture of chloroprene and a comonomer in a neutral or acidic aqueous emulsion by using a cationic emulsifier in the presence of sulfur and a peroxide initiator, and then performing a peptization of the resulting sulfur modified polychloroprene latex by addition thereto of an alkaline aqueous solution in amounts sufficient to reduce the pH of the latex to alkaline conditions.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 1975Date of Patent: February 28, 1978Assignee: Toyo Soda Manufacturing Co., Ltd.Inventors: Akihiko Shimizu, Atsushi Kita
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Patent number: 4069378Abstract: A self-emulsifying anaerobic-curing composition is disclosed. The composition is rendered self-emulsifying by incorporating certain anionic and/or nonionic surfactants in a concentration range of about 0.25 to about 10.0 percent. The preferred anionics comprise the petroleum sulfonates and the sodium alkyl or alkylaryl sulfonates. The preferred nonionics comprise the ethoxylated alkyl alcohols, the ethoxylated alkyl phenols, and the polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene glycols. Any anaerobic monomer or monomer mixture in which the surfactant is soluble and compatible with the cure system may be used.These self-emulsifiable compositions have the advantage of being readily removed from surfaces by washing with water, which makes them especially useful in impregnation processes where uncured resin must be removed from areas which are difficult to wash, such as small, blind holes.Type: GrantFiled: June 17, 1976Date of Patent: January 17, 1978Assignee: Loctite CorporationInventor: JoAnn DeMarco
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Mixing of organosulfur molecular weight modifier with emulsifier for emulsion polymerization systems
Patent number: 4064337Abstract: Organosulfur molecular weight regulators for emulsion polymerization systems, such as mercaptan compounds, are mixed and agitated with the aqueous emulsifier prior to use in emulsion polymerization systems. The modifying efficiency of the organosulfur molecular weight modifiers can be controlled by the degree of agitation. In many cases, adding the agitated mixture incrementally to the emulsion polymerization system further improves effectiveness of the modifier.Type: GrantFiled: December 11, 1972Date of Patent: December 20, 1977Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Carl A. Uraneck, John E. Burleigh -
Patent number: 4061850Abstract: Chloroprene is polymerized in the presence of compounds of the formula ##STR1## where X, Y and Z are selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur, R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is a hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or is a radical the same as ##STR2## R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or hydrogen with at least one of R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 not being hydrogen and n is 1 to 4.Type: GrantFiled: August 18, 1975Date of Patent: December 6, 1977Assignee: Petro-Tex Chemical CorporationInventor: Morris S. Edmondson
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Patent number: 4054731Abstract: A process for preparing a chloroprene-based liquid polymer having active terminal groups substantially at the terminals thereof comprising polymerizing chloroprene alone or in combination with one or more monomers copolymerizable with chloroprene in (1) an organic solvent having a boiling point of about 160.degree. C or less at atmospheric pressure and selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons and cyclic ethers, or (2) in carbon disulfide, which is present in an amount of about 20 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total monomer, in the presence of a xanthogen disulfide compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R can contain from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group or a cycloaliphatic group, which is present in an amount substantially equal to a ratio of about 2.5 to 20 parts by weight of diethyl xanthogen disulfide per 100 parts by weight of the total monomer.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1975Date of Patent: October 18, 1977Assignee: Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Kiyonobu Marubashi, Hideji Oshima, Yasuaki Sakano
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Patent number: 4048426Abstract: Diisoprenyl ether added to an alkadiene/monovinyl arene emulsion polymerization mixture increases the Mooney viscosity of a polymer.Type: GrantFiled: January 26, 1976Date of Patent: September 13, 1977Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Paul W. Solomon
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Patent number: 4035564Abstract: There is disclosed a polymerization process for the preparation of large chloroprene polymer particles having an average diameter in the range of from 0.15 to 2.0 microns. The process utilizes a polymerization medium and catalyst system that produces a substantially monodisperse particle size distribution of polychloroprene rubber particles in an aqueous dispersion, said particles having great utility as a rubber phase in thermoplastic polyblends.Type: GrantFiled: January 3, 1974Date of Patent: July 12, 1977Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventor: Alexander A. Bibeau
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Patent number: 4025402Abstract: Method for the cationic polymerization of at least one olefinic monomer and more particularly the homopolymerization of a mono-olefinic monomer such as isobutylene and the copolymerization thereof with a di-olefinic monomer (diene) such as butadiene and optionally another mono-olefinic monomer in the presence of, as initiator of a halide of tetravalent vanadium, titanium and zirconium, an activator and under the influence of visible ultraviolet or infra-red light.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1975Date of Patent: May 24, 1977Assignee: Ceskoslovenska akademie vedInventors: Miroslav Marek, Ludek Toman, Jan Pecka
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Patent number: 4025403Abstract: Method for the cationic polymerization of at least one olefinic monomer and more particularly the homopolymerization of a mono-olefinic monomer such as isobutylene and the copolymerization thereof with a di-olefinic monomer (diene) such as butadiene and optionally another mono-olefinic monomer in the presence of, as initiator of a halide of tetravalent vanadium, titanium and zirconium, an activator and under the influence of visible ultraviolet or infra-red light.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1975Date of Patent: May 24, 1977Assignee: Ceskoslovenska akademie vedInventors: Miroslav Marek, Ludek Toman, Jan Pecka
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Patent number: 4018659Abstract: Method for the cationic polymerization of at least one olefinic monomer and more particularly the homopolymerization of a mono-olefinic monomer such as isobutylene and the copolymerization thereof with a di-olefinic monomer (diene) such as butadiene and optionally another mono-olefinic monomer in the presence of, as initiator of a halide of tetravalent vanadium, titanium and zirconium, an activator and under the influence of visible ultraviolet or infra-red light.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1975Date of Patent: April 19, 1977Assignee: Ceskoslovenska akademie vedInventors: Miroslav Marek, Ludek Toman, Jan Pecka
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Patent number: 4012304Abstract: Method for the cationic polymerization of at least one olefinic monomer and more particularly the homopolymerization of a mono-olefinic monomer such as isobutylene and the copolymerization thereof with a di-olefinic monomer (diene) such as butadiene and optionally another mono-olefinic monomer in the presence of, as initiator of a halide of tetravalent vanadium, titanium and zirconium, an activator and under the influence of visible ultraviolet or infra-red light.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1975Date of Patent: March 15, 1977Assignee: Ceskoslovenska akademi vedInventors: Miroslav Marek, Ludek Toman, Jan Pecka
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Patent number: 4007145Abstract: Long-chain fatty acids having conjugated unsaturation, such as tung acid, when used as emulsifiers in the polymerization of chloroprene, produce polymers having higher tensile strength than produced by similar unconjugated fatty acid emulsifiers.Type: GrantFiled: January 10, 1975Date of Patent: February 8, 1977Assignee: Petro-Tex Chemical CorporationInventor: Morris S. Edmondson
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Patent number: 4006542Abstract: Heat softened polydienic sheets, such as transpolyisoprene or polychloroprene, are usefully mounted in rolls, the layers being separated by powders or granules such as salt to prevent cohesion, and the salt is preferably dusted off as used, or the sheet is passed through a warm water bath which will remove the salt and warm it and softening to an applying state useful for many purposes. It can be shaped as an in-sole for shoes and upon softening will accept the shape of the wearer's foot greatly improving the comfort; or as breast plates, athletic supporters, knee guards, head guards such as a helmet, ear guards or ear supports which may carry sound transfer means, i.e., such as headphones or a hearing aid; or it may be used as a bandage and for which purpose it can be reinforced by a long fiber and the comfort of the plastic bandage can be modified as by having perforations filled with fiber to transmit moisture from side to side.Type: GrantFiled: November 4, 1974Date of Patent: February 8, 1977Assignee: Larson CorporationInventor: Lester M. Larson
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Patent number: 4002594Abstract: Rubber vulcanizates reinforced with siliceous pigment have desirable properties. The addition of a mercapto-type coupling agent hastens curing and strengthens adhesion between the rubber polymer and the silica, but tends to cause premature vulcanization or scorch. The further addition of a thiomorpholine compound such as 4,4'-dithiodimorpholine or 2-(4-morpholinothio)-benzothiazole retards scorch and improves stress/strain properties and abrasion resistance, but affects curing time only moderately.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 1975Date of Patent: January 11, 1977Assignee: PPG Industries, Inc.Inventor: Miles Q. Fetterman
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Patent number: 4000222Abstract: Dialkoxyxanthogendisulphides, their production by reacting an alcohol and carbondisulphide in the presence of alkali and subsequent oxidation, use of these dialkoxyxanthogendisulphides as molecular weight regulators in polymerization processes and a mixture of chloroprene-copolymers made in the presence of dialkoxyxanthogendisulphides.Type: GrantFiled: August 7, 1974Date of Patent: December 28, 1976Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Rudolf Mayer-Mader, Jurgen Boldt
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Patent number: 3998998Abstract: Novel copolymers are produced by polymerizing 2,3-dicyano-substituted 1,3-dienes with at least one monomer copolymerizable therewith selected from conjugated dienes and vinylaromatic compounds. Some of the copolymeric products are elastomeric while others are thermosetting.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 1975Date of Patent: December 21, 1976Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Carl A. Uraneck, John E. Burleigh, Raymond L. Cobb
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Patent number: 3998713Abstract: The invention is for a process for the controlled polymerization and copolymerization of monoolefinic and diolefinic monomers, which are able to polymerize by a cationic mechanism and particularly for the polymerization of isobutylene and copolymerization thereof with butadiene in the production of vulcanizable butyl rubber. The polymerization reaction is initiated by halides of tetravalent vanadium, titanium and zirconium. In the presence of activating agents, which are chozen from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, their amalgams and the hydrogen compounds (hydrides) of the metals of Groups I, II, III and IV of the Periodic Table accelerated by irradiation, particularly by light. The polymerization may be carried out at 0.degree. C to - 140.degree. C with the molecular ratio of the initiator to the activating agent ranging from 100 to 0.01 and its rate is controlled by the intensity of irradiation and by dosing of the catalyst components.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 1971Date of Patent: December 21, 1976Assignee: Ceskoslovenska akademie vedInventors: Miroslav Marek, Ludek Toman
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Patent number: 3984609Abstract: A process for instantaneous peptization of polychloroprene latexes made by polymerizing in the presence of sulfur and a modifying agent such as iodoform or a dialkylxanthogen disulfide, by adding a suitable thiol at a pH at least equal to 9.Type: GrantFiled: April 29, 1974Date of Patent: October 5, 1976Assignee: DistugilInventors: Paul Branlard, Jacques Modiano
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Patent number: 3981854Abstract: Acidification of an alkaline chloroprene polymer latex to a pH of about 5.0-6.5 with a mixture of oxalic acid or a defined sulfonic acid and a weak carboxylic acid prior to polymer isolation by coagulation on a freeze drum eliminates or simplifies the polymer washing step after freeze drum isolation. The proportions of strong and weak acids can be so chosen that the isolated polymer will have the desired alkaline reserve even when the washing step is omitted. The plant production rate can thus be increased. Alternatively, for a given set of washing conditions and film thickness, any alkaline reserve within the desired range can be obtained.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1975Date of Patent: September 21, 1976Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours & CompanyInventor: Thomas James Kelly
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Patent number: 3976629Abstract: A process of manufacturing approximately spherical polymeric beads of average size less than 20 microns, which process comprises copolymerizing an unsaturated carboxylic acid and a crosslinking agent characterized in that the polymerization is initiated by means of a two part redox free radical system and is carried out in a reaction mixture comprising a fine suspension of droplets of an organic phase in an aqueous phase wherein the organic phase comprises an acid chosen from the group consisting of methacrylic acid and crotonic acid; a crosslinking agent; and an oil soluble and water insoluble first part of a redox free radical initiated system; and wherein the aqueous phase comprises water, at least 15% weight inert salt per volume of aqueous phase, and a suspending agent; and the second part of the redox free radical initiator is at least partially soluble in both the organic and the aqueous phase and is added to the reaction mixture during the course of polymerization while the reaction mixture is maintaiType: GrantFiled: November 8, 1974Date of Patent: August 24, 1976Assignees: ICI Australia Limited, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganizationInventors: Malcolm Edwin Hayward, Volker Elmar Maier
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Patent number: 3971743Abstract: Disclosed are epoxy-azido compounds of the formula ##EQU1## WHERE R is a polyvalent organic radical, R' is a hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl radical, A is ##EQU2## and n and m are integers from 1 to 100. Also disclosed is the use of said epoxy-azido compounds in modifying polymers, cross-linking polymers, and adhering polymers to certain substrates, e.g. glass and other polymers.Type: GrantFiled: February 7, 1975Date of Patent: July 27, 1976Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventor: David S. Breslow
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Patent number: 3969334Abstract: This invention relates to a novel process of preparing chloroprene polymer rubber granules. The process comprises adding 4 to 10 wt. parts of sodium silicate to 100 wt. parts of a cationic latex of chloroprene polymer and then adding an alkaline earth metal salt or an acid to precipitate granules of the chloroprene polymer rubber.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1975Date of Patent: July 13, 1976Assignee: Toyo Soda Manufacturing Co., Ltd.Inventors: Akihiko Shimizu, Yasuhiro Sakanaka
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Patent number: 3968092Abstract: Polycarbamates derived from furfuryl alcohol and certain aromatic di- and polyisocyanates are effective vulcanization accelerators for chloroprene polymers, while at the same time conferring on the polymer compounds exceptional processing safety. These polycarbamates also are virtually nontoxic to experimental animals. Vulcanization of chloroprene polymers is accomplished in the presence of magnesium and zinc oxides, both of which must be present.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 1975Date of Patent: July 6, 1976Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Wilhelm Franz Gruber
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Patent number: 3968088Abstract: A process for preparing a substantially gel-free thermoplastic resin having a softening point of 50.degree.-180.degree.C., an iodine value not exceeding 180 and a Gardner color of not more than 5 by heating at a temperature of 250.degree.-300.degree.C. a solution of a monomeric mixture consisting of 90-65% by weight of a cyclopentadiene type monomer and 10-40% by weight of a chain conjugated diolefin monomer of 4-5 carbon atoms at a monomer concentration of 70-95% by weight in a hydrocarbon solvent inert to thermal polymerization conditions to effect the thermal polymerization of the monomeric mixture and thereafter recovering the resulting polymer from the solvent.Type: GrantFiled: April 29, 1974Date of Patent: July 6, 1976Assignee: Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Harumi Asai, Akira Wada
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Patent number: 3960822Abstract: Organic polymers are crosslinked with polyfunctional chloronitroso containing compounds.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 1974Date of Patent: June 1, 1976Assignee: BASF Wyandotte CorporationInventors: Pauls Davis, Herwart C Vogt, Charles F. Deck
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Patent number: 3957732Abstract: Novel alternating copolymers having functional groups are prepared by subjecting to alternating copolymerization at least one olefin, at least one acrylic ester and at least one .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or its derivative represented by the formula: ##EQU1## wherein Y and Z are independently --O--, --S--, or --NR.sup.3 --, and R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Said alternating copolymer consists essentially of a structure in which said olefin is bonded to only said acrylic ester or said .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or its derivative, and said acrylic ester and said .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or its derivative are bonded to only said olefin, and has a sufficiently high molecular weight.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1974Date of Patent: May 18, 1976Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventors: Masaaki Hirooka, Yoshikazu Fujii, Kentaro Mashita, Fumiyuki Kimura
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Patent number: 3957736Abstract: A process for preparing a thermoplastic resin containing polar groups and unsaturated bonds which comprises reacting (A) five-membered cyclic compounds containing unsaturated conjugate double bonds, (B) unsaturated carboxylic acids or the anhydrides thereof and (C) monohydric saturated or unsaturated alcohols in a specified molar ratio.Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 1974Date of Patent: May 18, 1976Assignee: Nippon Oil Company Ltd.Inventors: Shozo Tsuchiya, Hideo Hayashi, Hisatake Sato
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Patent number: 3957750Abstract: Novel symmetrical bis(unsymmetrical t-alkyl and t-aralkyl azo) compounds of the general formula I:r -- n = n -- r.sub.12 -- n = n -- r' (i)where R = R' = (R").sub.3 C--, e.g., 1,2-ethylene bis(4-t-butylazo-4-cyanovalerate); and the use of I for sequential generation of free radicals, e.g. styrene monomer and 1,2-ethylene bis(4-t-butylazo-4-cyanovalerate) are reacted to obtain polystyrene containing attached azo groups which in turn is reacted with methyl methacrylate monomer to obtain a block copolymer of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate).Type: GrantFiled: December 26, 1973Date of Patent: May 18, 1976Assignee: Pennwalt CorporationInventors: Ronald Edward MacLeay, Chester Stephen Sheppard
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Patent number: 3957910Abstract: Polymers of ethylene characterized by wide molecular weight distribution are produced by reacting the product at temperatures of at least 100.degree.C a mixture obtained by adding a alkene copolymer, containing reactive halogen to the polymerization product of ethylene optionally with a minor amount of another alpha-alkene in the presence of an active Ziegler-type polymerization catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: November 1, 1974Date of Patent: May 18, 1976Assignee: Stamicarbon B.V.Inventor: Cornelis E.P.V. VAN DEN Berg
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Patent number: 3956398Abstract: Bis-monoperoxyacetals and bis-monoperoxyketals having the formula ##EQU1## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 tertiary alkyl and C.sub.9 -C.sub.12 tertiary aralkyl and R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, are effective crosslinking agents for polymers at relatively low cure temperatures.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 1975Date of Patent: May 11, 1976Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventor: Frederick G. Schappell