Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides a novel type of copolymer which can be formed into a thin film nonlinear optical medium which exhibits superior light transmission properties, and which has excellent adhesion properties when laminated with inorganic or organic layers.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymer materials which contain liquid crystal phases and have mesogenic groups which are bonded chemically directly or via a spacer and contain a 2-cyanoacrylic acid ester unit.

Abstract: The use of certain imidazole derivatives such as 1-benzyl-2-methyl-imidazole, 1-benzyl-imidazole, 1-hydroxyethyl-2-phenyl-4,5-dihydroimidazole, 2-phenyl-4,5-dihydroimidazole and N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole as primer in the bonding of molded parts, especially parts made of polyolefins, with cyanoacrylate adhesives gives bonds with high strengths, even when the application of adhesive is delayed for rather long"open" times after the application of the primer.

Abstract: UV-crosslinkable materials based on (meth)acrylate copolymers contain copolymerized monomers of the general formula I ##STR1## where R is a certain alkyl radical, an aryl radical or a radical R.sup.1 and R.sup.1 is a radical ##STR2## where R.sup.2 to R.sup.6 are each H, alkyl, a non-ortho OH group, OCH.sub.3, OC.sub.2 H.sub.3, SH, SCH.sub.3, Cl, F, CN, COOH, COO(C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl), CF.sub.3, N(CH.sub.3).sub.2, N(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2, N(CH.sub.3)C.sub.6 H.sub.5, .sup.+ N(CH.sub.3).sub.3 X.sup.- or .sup.+N(CH.sub.3).sub.X X.sup.-, where X.sup.- is an acid anion, and one or more of the radicals R.sup.2 to R.sup.

Abstract: The invention relates to a quaternary ammonium salt primer for bonding surfaces with cyanoacrylate adhesives, and to a method of bonding surfaces using such quaternary ammonium compounds, particularly surfaces characterized by low surface energy values, such as polyolefins and rubber-modified polyolefins. A preferred quaternary salt is tetra n-butyl ammonium fluoride. Preferred solvents for the quaternary ammonium salt are non-aqueous, low surface tension organic solvents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tertiary ammonium alkyl carboxylate primer for bonding surface with cyanoacrylate adhesives, and to a method of bonding low surface energy surfaces using such tertiary ammonium alkyl carboxylates. A preferred primer is tridodecylammonium stearate and preferred solvents for the tertiary ammonium alkyl carboxylate are non-aqueous, low surface tension organic solvents.

Abstract: There are disclosed normally tacky, pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions comprising one or more normally tacky polymers having a T.sub.g of about 0.degree. C. or less and containing pendant functional groups attached to the backbone and having the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is a divalent organic radical at least 3 atoms in length, and X is organoacyl or cyano, the polymers preferably also being normally tacky when cured. Such polymers have markedly improved cohesive strength (shear holding value) with little or no detriment to adhesive tack or adhesion (peel resistance), and these improvements are realized without the necessity of incorporating cross-linking monomers such as N-methylolamides or other cross-linking agents. Pressure-sensitive adhesive, water-based emulsions containing such polymers and pressure-sensitive adhesive articles comprising a substrate having at least a portion of one surface thereof coated with the adhesive compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel polymers are prepared from at least one cyanoacetamide monomer having the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is --CH.sub.3, --(CH.sub.2).sub.m CH.sub.3 or --H; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently are --H, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyl or aryl; R.sub.4 is --CH.sub.3, --(CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.3 or --H; m is 1 to 10; n is 1 to 10; and x is 1 to 20.These polymers can be readily reacted by a carbon-Michael addition reaction with carbon-Michael acceptors, such as polyfunctional acrylates, methacrylates, fumarates, maleates and aopates to form crosslinked polymer compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to alternating copolymers having the formula ##STR1## wherein one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 in each repeating unit is hydrogen and the others of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 in each repeating unit are CN or COOR.sup.5, wherein R5 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl; and n is from 10 to 5,000. This invention further relates to a process for preparing such alternating copolymers by copolymerization of appropriate alkenyl isocyanates and electron deficient olefins.

Abstract: A novel latex is derived from a crosslinked carboxylate latex containing from 1-20 phr of itaconic acid (IA) and at least 70 phr of one or more copolymerizable monomers one of which is an acrylate having the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl; R.sub.2 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 alkoxyalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 alkylthioalkyl, or C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 cyanoalkyl; andat least 40 phr of said acrylate in said film is present as an alkyl acrylate in which alkyl is C.sub.4 -C.sub.8. The latex can only be formed in an aqueous medium by an emulsion polymerization process in which at least one-half of the IA is initially charged into a reactor, and the remaining ingredients of the recipe then added gradually. This unique order of addition produces a highly stable latex of polymer particles having a glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) in the range from about -20.degree. C. to about -60.degree. C.

Abstract: New composition of monomers and polymers and their methods of use are disclosed. The polymers are water soluble and are composed of repeat units formed from an ethylenically unsaturated compound, and repeat units formed from substituted allyloxy alkylenes.

Abstract: This invention provides novel acrylic copolymers which exhibit nonlinear optical response, and which have utility as a transparent optical component in optical light switch and light modulator devices.

Abstract: New polymers comprising repeat units represented by the formula ##STR1## where R is a hydrogen or a halogen atom, a cyanide group or an alkyl group,R1, R2 and R3 are identical or different, and each denotes a hydrogen or a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group or an alkoxycarbonyl group,R4 is a hydrogen atom or a divalent radical,A denotes the atoms required for completing a mononuclear or dinuclear aromatic ring system andm is 2 or 3,are used as binders in positive-working, radiation-sensitive recording materials.

Abstract: Cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions which employ silacrown compounds as additives give substantially reduced fixture and cure times on de-activating substrates such as wood. The silacrown compounds are preferably employed at levels of about 0.1-5% by weight of the composition.

Abstract: New composition of monomers and polymers and their methods of use are disclosed. The polymers are water soluble and are composed of repeat units formed from an ethylenically unsaturated compound, and repeat units formed from substituted allyloxy alkylenes.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymeric materials usable in non linear optics. The structure of the material of the invention includes a skeleton to which side chains are attached, the material resulting from the association of a first and a second monomer, the first monomer including a mesomorphogenic group connected to the skeleton by a spacer, the second monomer including a group capable of generating the second harmonic of an electromagnetic wave and also being connected to the skeleton by a spacer.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing a transparent optical medium consisting of a liquid crystalline polymer which exhibits third order nonlinear optical response.Illustrative of an invention optical medium is a transparent film of a side chain liquid crystalline polymer corresponding to the formula: ##STR1## The transparent film has an isotropic molecular configuration with macroscopic centrosymmetry, and exhibits essentially no scattering of a transmitted incident light beam.

Abstract: A soft but tough self-supporting elastomeric film having a glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) in the range from about -20.degree. C. to about -60.degree. C., raw tensile strength of at least 300 psi, along with an elongation of at least 350% and less than 20% hysteresis loss, exhibits "snap", a characteristic of a natural rubber band. The novel film is derived from a crosslinked carboxylate latex containing from 1-20 phr of itaconic acid (IA) and at least 70 phr of one or more copolymerizable monomers one of which is an acrylate having the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl;R.sub.2 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 alkylthioalkyl, or C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 cyanoalkyl; andat least 40 phr of said acrylate in said film is present as an alkyl acrylate in which alkyl is C.sub.4 -C.sub.8.

Abstract: This invention provides novel polyvinyl polymers which exhibit nonlinear optical response, and which have utility as a transparent optical component in electrooptic light modulator devices.

Abstract: This invention relates to copolymers of .alpha.-cyanoacrylates and acrylates, their preparation and their use.

Abstract: A kit for the application of orthopedic casts and splints which is completely self-contained requiring no ingredients other than those contained within the kit. Each kit contains a fabric with a hardening quantity of an .alpha.cryanoacrylate monomer containing composition which, when applied to the fabric, results in an orthopedic cast or splint capable of immobilizing an injured appendage.

Abstract: A 2-cyanoacrylate composition which comprises (A) a 2-cyanoacrylate compound and (B) a carbonate compound selected from the group consisting of dialkyl carbonates, alkylene carbonates, alkyne carbonates, alkylene glycol bisalkyl carbonates and trihydric alcohol trisalkyl carbonates.

Abstract: Cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions which employ calixarene compounds as accelerators give substantially reduced fixture and cure times on de-activating substrates such as wood. The calixarene compounds are preferably employed at levels of about 0.1-1% by weight of the composition.The calixarene compounds particularly useful in this invention may be represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkyl or substituted alkoxy; R.sup.2 is H or alkyl; and n=4, 6, or 8.

Abstract: The invention concerns a family of thermotropic polymers of the mesogenic the lateral group of which have at least one mesomorphous phase and obtained from a monomer having the general formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 .dbd.CH.sub.3, Cl or H and 2.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.11.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel unsaturated cyclic amide-substituted ether compounds having a wide range of utility in crosslinking agents, adhesives, paints, raw materials for hygroscopic resins, etc. These compounds are prepared by reacting cyclic halogen-substituted ether compounds with unsaturated amide compounds in the presence of a strong basic substance in an aprotic polar solvent.

Abstract: Fatty ethers are provided which are lower alkyl ethers cyano-substituted lower alkyl ethers, ester ethers or amide ethers of fatty alcohols substituted with at least one of the following substituents: formyl, methylol, or acryloxymethyl. The substituted fatty ethers are useful as monomers in a wide variety of polymer systems.

Abstract: Cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions which employ calixarene compounds as additives give substantially reduced fixture and cure times on de-activating substrates such as wood. The calixarene compounds are preferably employed at levels of about 0.1-1% by weight of the composition. The calixarene compounds particularly useful in this invention may be represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkyl or substituted alkoxy; R.sup.2 is H or alkyl; and n=4, 6, or 8.The compositions are further characterized by a thickener component, which may suitably be selected from various polymers such as poly(methyl methacrylate), methacrylate type copolymers, acrylic rubbers, polyvinyl acetate and poly(.alpha.-cyanoacrylate) or silicas treated with polydialkylsiloxanes or trialkylsilanes.

Abstract: Acryloxymethyl fatty compounds are provided which are useful as monomers in the preparation of radiation curable coatings. The preferred compounds are acrylate or methacrylate esters of 9(10)-(hydroxymethyl)stearonitrile, 9(10)-(hydroxymethyl)-N,N-dimethylstearamide, methyl 9(10)-(hydroxymethyl)-stearate, N-acetyl-N-methyl 9(10)-(hydroxymethyl)-nonadecanamine, 9(10)-cyano-octadecanol, 9(10)-(carboxydimethylamino)octadecanol, 9(10)-(carboxymethyoxy)octadecanol and 9(10)-(N-acetyl-N-methyl-aminomethyl)octadecanol.

Abstract: N-Cyanoacylamide compounds of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or alkyl and R.sub.3 is alkylene or arylenealkylene, are prepared by reacting 1 mol of an N-cyanocarboxylic acid amide salt with 1 mol of a halogen compound in a polar, aprotic solvent.The N-cyanoacylamide compounds of the formula I can be used for hardening epoxide resins, for the preparation of isomelamine or for the preparation of linear polymers which can be crosslinked by heat.

Abstract: Novel copolymers of acrylic acid and cyanoethylacrylate, and the use of such copolymers as primers for bonding metal-containing coatings to organic polymer substrates, are disclosed. The copolymers of the present invention may be linear or crosslinked, may further comprise hydroxyethylacrylate, and are preferably of low molecular weight when used in solution as a primer.

Abstract: Cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions which employ calixarene compounds as additives give substantially reduced fixture and cure times on de-activating substrates such as wood. The calixarene compounds are preferably employed at levels of about 0.1-1% by weight of the composition.The calixarene compounds particularly useful in this invention may be represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkyl or substituted alkoxy; R.sup.2 is H or alkyl; and n=4, 6 or 8.

Abstract: Novel copolymers of acrylic acid and cyanoethylacrylate, and the use of such copolymers as primers for bonding metal-containing coatings to organic polymer substrates, are disclosed. The copolymers of the present invention may be linear or crosslinked, may further comprise hydroxyethylacrylate, and are preferably of low molecular weight when used in solution as a primer.

Abstract: Novel polymers comprising recurring units capable of undergoing .beta.-elimination in an alkaline environment are disclosed for use in diffusion control layers in diffusion transfer film units.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a polyampholyte polymer, having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.05 to 4.5 dl/g in 1.0 M NaCl, prepared from 32.5 to 90 percent acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, 1.5 to 65 percent, by weight, of acrylamide and 0.5 to 25 percent, by weight, of dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride and/or diethyldiallyl ammonium chloride.

Abstract: .alpha.-cyanoacrylate instant adhesive compositions obtained by adding benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof to .alpha.-cyanoacrylate and showing superior heat resistance of the degree of 150.degree. C. with keeping instant adhesive capacity.

Abstract: An adhesive composition comprising an alpha-cyanoacrylate monomer and a phosphazene compound incorporated therein and improved in storage stability without deterioration of the adhesion rate and the adhesive strength.

Abstract: An adhesive composition having improved thermal properties, especially hot strength, comprising (a) at least one polymerizable cyanoacrylate monomer, (b) about 0.1 to about 10% by weight of at least one polymerizable acrylate ester and (c) about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of the following compounds: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralky and alkaryl. The compositions disclosed herein have excellent hot strength properties for long periods at 250.degree. F. or more.

Abstract: Photographic assemblages, elements, receiving elements and cover sheets are described employing a novel timing layer comprising the following recurring units: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a straight or branched chain alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or aralkyl group of from about 7 to about 10 carbon atoms;R.sup.2 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group of from 6 to about 12 carbon atoms;R.sup.3 is a straight or branched aliphatic group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic group having from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, the group being substituted with at least one free carboxylic acid group, free sulfonic acid group, free phosphoric acid group or salt thereof;x is from about 1 to about 30 weight percent; andy+z is from about 99 to about 70 weight percent, the ratio of y:z ranging from about 15:85 to about 70:30.The timing layer has a high activation energy and provides improved processing temperature latitude.

Abstract: An adhesive composition comprising an adhesive base and accelerator portion, the adhesive base comprising (a) a polymerizable monomer selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted alpha-cyanoacrylates and substituted alpha-cyanoacrylates; and (b) an effective amount of stabilizer; and the accelerator portion comprising a weakly acidic or weakly basic ionic accelerator compound comprising a cation M and an anion A, the pKa relating to cation M in the equilibrium defined byM(H.sub.2 O)+.revreaction.MOH+H.sup.+being at least about 10, the pKa relating to anion A in the equilibrium defined byHA.revreaction.A-+H.sup.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion and at least one light-insensitive layer is disclosed. One or more of the layers of the material contains an ultraviolet ray absorbing polymer latex which comprises a homopolymer or copolymer having a repeating unit derived from a monomer represented by the general formula (II) in which one or more ultraviolet ray absorbing compounds represented by the general formula (I) is loaded: ##STR1## the substituents within the general formula are defined within the specification. The material has excellent absorption characteristics in the 300 to 400 nm range and does not cause static marks caused by ultraviolet rays or undergo deterioration of color reproduction. In addition, the material has good film strength and reduced layer thickness and provides a color image having improved sharpness which is free from fading or discoloration due to light.

Abstract: The invention provides an adhesive composition of the cyanoacrylate type containing Phthalic anhydride as an additive to improve the resistance to moisture and/or heat of the resulting adhesive bonds.

Abstract: 4-Vinyl-2-methylenebutanedioic acid and its esters, as well as amide and nitrile analogs of these compounds, are diclosed. These compounds are capable of undergoing a rapid free radical cyclopolymerization reaction. The compounds, themselves, may be used as film-formers (for example, in paints or plastics) or may be used as groups pendant from a backbone, especially a low molecular weight backbone, to form other, more complex film-forming polymer precursor materials.

Abstract: Compounds useful in making crosslinkable polymers having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl; R.sup.1 is cyano or ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2 is alkyl; Z is --X--R.sup.3 --X--or ##STR3## wherein each --X-- is --O-- or --NR.sup.4 --, provided at least one --X-- is --NR.sup.4 -- wherein R.sup.4 is hydrogen or alkyl, R.sup.3 is divalent hydrocarbon and D.sub.1 and D.sub.2 together are the carbon atoms necessary to complete a 5 to 7 membered ring. These compounds can be homopolymerized or copolymerized with each other or with other polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers to give crosslinkable polymers. Such polymers can be purified by conventional purification techniques such as dialysis, diafiltration, ultrafiltration without losing their capability of crosslinking. The resulting purified polymers are particularly useful in photographic materials as gelatin extenders, binders or polymeric color couplers.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed. The material is comprised of one or more light-sensitive silver emulsion layers and one or more light-insensitive layers. The silver halide layers or light-insensitive layers contain an ultraviolet ray absorbing polymer latex. The polymer latex is comprised of a homopolymer or copolymer having a repeating unit derived from monomers represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein the substituents within a general formula (I) are defined within the specification. The polymer latex (I) contains a substituents Q which represents an ultraviolet ray absorbing group represented by the general formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.

Abstract: In the emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising an aromatic vinyl compound, a vinyl cyanide compound and if desired, other vinyl compounds copolymerizable therewith in an aqueous medium, the vinyl cyanide compound is further added to the polymerization system in a controlled velocity during the substantial period of polymerization from the initial stage. When the copolymer thus obtained is incorporated into, for example, an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer composition, thermoplastic resin compositions not coloring upon molding are obtained with a good impact resistance and heat resistance.

Abstract: A cyanoacrylate adhesive composition comprising an alpha-cyanoacrylate and an alkyl 2-cyanopenta-2,4-dienoate. These composition exhibit improved resistance to heat, water and water vapor as compared to alpha-cyanoacrylates themselves and exhibit suitable peel and impact strengths. Methods of bonding substrates using these compositions are also described.

Abstract: An adhesive composition comprising 2-cyanoacrylate and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of R.sub.1 --CH.sub.2 OH, ##STR1## R.sub.1 --CHO, R.sub.1 --CHO hydrate, ##STR2## pentafluorophenol, hexachloroacetone, hexachloroacetone hydrate, chloral and chloral hydrate as cationic-polymerization inhibitor. In the above formulas, R.sub.1 is a fluorinated alkyl or aryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are fluorinated or non-fluorinated alkyl or aryl groups having up to 12 carbon atoms. The above adhesive composition has an excellent storage stability and an improved bonding strength.

Abstract: A rapid setting .alpha.-cyanoacrylate based adhesive composition having an improved polymerization catalyst therein.

Abstract: Cyanacrylic acid ester based glues with a reduced setting time comprising a cyanacrylic acid ester and from 0.005% to 3% by weight, based on the cyanacrylic acid ester of a polyoxyalkylene glycol diester having the formula ##STR1## wherein x is an integer from 5 to 80, Alk is an alkylene having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent members selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, halogen, lower alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, alkyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, cyanoalkyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, haloalkyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, nitroalkyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkenyl having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, alkynyl having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, phenyl, nitrophenyl, halophenyl, phenylalkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl and alkylphenyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl.

Abstract: An adhesive composition enhanced in initial adhesion strength which comprises (A) an .alpha.-cyanoacrylate ester, (B) at least one chosen from aliphatic polyols and their derivatives and polyethers and their derivatives and (C) at least one chosen from aromatic polyols and their derivatives and carboxylic acids and their derivatives.