Abstract: A coating composition for forming an undercoat layer, which contains a copolymer obtained from the following monomer compounds (i), (ii) and (iii),(i) an acrylic or methacrylic compound,(ii) an alkoxysilyl group-containing acrylic or methacrylic compound and(iii) an acrylic or methacrylic compound having ultraviolet light absorbability such as benzophenone-substitued acrylic monomer or triazole-substituted acrylic monomer,and a coated resin molded article coated with an undercoat layer of the above coating composition, and with an overcoat layer of an organopolysiloxane-containing coating composition.

Abstract: Photodegradable polymers comprising B-alkoxy substituted vinyl ketone functionality and thermoplastic articles formed therefrom.

Abstract: Agents which are curable by ultraviolet radiation are based on a binder formulation of (1) from 99.0 to 20% by weight of a copolymer, (2) from 1.0 to 80% by weight of monoolefinically unsaturated compounds and (3) from 0.0 to 20% by weight of polyolefinically unsaturated compounds. The agents contain copolymers (1) which are obtainable by subjecting a mixture of (A) from 80 to 99.9% by weight of olefinically unsaturated monomers, (B) from 0 to 10% by weight of a copolymerizable olefinically unsaturated photoinitiator and (C) from 0 to 10% by weight of a polymerization-regulating photoinitiator to free radical polymerization, the sum of (B) and (C) being not less than 0.1% by weight and the stated percentages by weight being based on the sum of the weights of (A)+(B)+(C).

Abstract: A material for dentistry having a low odor, a low stimulation and a proper dough stage time is here disclosed which is prepared by blending a monomer selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylate compounds represented by the general formula ##STR1## R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, each of R.sub.3, R.sub.6 and R.sub.10 is an alkyl group, and each of R.sub.2, R.sub.5, R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 is an alkylene group) and (meth)acrylate dimers.

Abstract: Photodegradable and biodegradable polymers comprising both ketone functionality and hydrolyzable polymer ester or amide functionality and thermoplastic articles formed therefrom are disclosed.

Abstract: Copolymers which are curable by ultraviolet radiation in the air are prepared by a process in which a mixture of (A) from 80 to 99.9% by weight of olefinically unsaturated monomers, (B) from 0 to 10% by weight of a copolymerizable olefinically unsaturated, photoreactive compound which, in the excited state produced by UV radiation, is capable of abstracting hydrogen and (C) from 0 to 10% by weight of a polymerization-regulating photoreactive compound which, in the excited state, is capable of abstracting hydrogen is subjected to free radical polymerization, the sum of (B) and (C) being not less than 0.1% by weight and the stated percentages by weight being based on the sum of the weights of (A)+(B)+(C).

Abstract: There are disclosed normally tacky, pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions comprising one or more normally tacky polymers having a T.sub.g of about 0.degree. C. or less and containing pendant functional groups attached to the backbone and having the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is a divalent organic radical at least 3 atoms in length, and X is organoacyl or cyano, the polymers preferably also being normally tacky when cured. Such polymers have markedly improved cohesive strength (shear holding value) with little or no detriment to adhesive tack or adhesion (peel resistance), and these improvements are realized without the necessity of incorporating cross-linking monomers such as N-methylolamides or other cross-linking agents. Pressure-sensitive adhesive, water-based emulsions containing such polymers and pressure-sensitive adhesive articles comprising a substrate having at least a portion of one surface thereof coated with the adhesive compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polymeric particles which comprises mixing at least one monomer with a polymerization initiator, a crosslinking component and a chain transfer component; effecting bulk polymerization until partial polymerization results; dispersing the aforementioned partially polymerized monomer product in water containing a stabilizing component to obtain a suspension of particles in water and polymerizing the resulting suspension.

Abstract: Materials which are cross-linkable by ultraviolet radiation under atmospheric oxygen and are based on (meth)acrylate copolymers having a K value of from 10 to 100 are obtained by free radical polymerization, in the presence or absence of a solvent, ofa) from 5% to 97.4% by weight of isoamyl acrylate and/or isoamyl methacrylate,b) from 9% to 89.9% by weight of (methacrylates whose homopolymers have a glass transition temperature below -30.degree. C.,c) from 2.5% to 30% by weight of .alpha.,.beta.-monoolefinically unsaturated compounds whose homopolymers have a glass transition temperature above -30.degree. C.,d) from 0% to 10% by weight of monoolefinically unsaturated acids and/or their anhydrides ande) from 0% to 20% by weight of further olefinically unsaturated monomers having one or more of the following functional groups: hydroxyl, amide, epoxide, ether, ester, urethane, urea, primary, secondary and tertiary amine and ether groups, andf) from 0.

Abstract: An internally plasticized polyvinyl halide composition is prepared by polymerizing a vinyl halide in the presence of a reactive polyester plasticizer having terminal groups copolymerizable therewith. The reactive polyester acts as an internal plasticizer for the polyvinyl halide composition and is not readily extactable therefrom.

Abstract: Polymeric compositions of matter and methods of making the same are disclosed, said polymeric compositions comprising at least one monomer having the structure of one selected from the group consisting of diamantane, triamantane and the higher adamantalogs, said monomer being bonded through at least one double bond extending through a methylene position of said monomer.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing ethers of alkyl alpha-(hydroxymethyl)-acrylate by reacting alkyl acrylate and formaldehyde in the presence of a DABCO catalyst. The ethers may be used as cross-linking agents for thermoplastic polymers. Further, these ethers in turn enable synthesis of cyclopolymers that may show promising biological activity.

Abstract: Thermosettable vinyl ester compositions are prepared from an advanced epoxy resin containing a mesogenic or rodlike moiety and a monounsaturated monocarboxylic acid and, optionally, a monoepoxide compound. These vinyl ester compounds can be mixed with polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers which can, if desired, contain a mesogenic or rigid rodlike moiety.

Abstract: A process for emulsion-polymerizing unsaturated monomer(s) is disclosed. When a hydrazine derivative having at least two hydrazine residues per molecule is added to the polymer dispersion obtained by said emulsion polymerization process, a polymer dispersion composition capable of forming a film which is excellent in blocking resistance, adhesiveness to an alkyd resin film, water-resistant adhesiveness to an alkyd resin film and water-resistant anti-whitening can be obtained.

Abstract: Hot-curable compositions of matter containing (a) an unsaturated imide of the formula I ##STR1## (b) a benzaldehyde derivative of the formula II ##STR2## in which for example M=2, n=zero, o=1 R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen and R is 4,4'diphenylmethane are suitable for the production of mouldings having excellent thermostability and resistance to thermal ageing.

Abstract: There are disclosed normally tacky, pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions comprising one or more normally tacky polymers having a T.sub.g of about 0.degree. C. or less and containing pendant functional groups attached to the backbone and having the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is a divalent organic radical at least 3 atoms in length, and X is organoacyl or cyano, the polymers preferably also being normally tacky when cured. Such polymers have markedly improved cohesive strength (shear holding value) with little or no detriment to adhesive tack or adhesion (peel resistance), and these improvements are realized without the necessity of incorporating cross-linking monomers such as N-methylolamides or other cross-linking agents. Pressure-sensitive adhesive, water-based emulsions containing such polymers and pressure-sensitive adhesive articles comprising a substrate having at least a portion of one surface thereof coated with the adhesive compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Bismaleimide resion systems containing a bismaleimide and a multinuclear alkenyl and/or alkynyl arene as comonomers have improved toughness while maintaining high glass transition temperatures.

Abstract: Waxy highly branched copolymers having a molecular weight of 500 to 20,000 comprised of at least 60% by weight of ethylene, 1 to 39% by weight of an alkene carboxylic acid ester and/or a vinyl ester and 1-30% by weight of a vinyl ketone produced by polymerization at 100 to 350.degree. C. and a pressure of about 1,000 to 8,000 bar in the presence of a radical forming initiator and in the absence of a solvent useful as oil additives to improve flow characteristics of crude oils and middle distillates derived from crude oil.

Abstract: Oligomeric and prepolymeric organic compounds with aldehyde, epoxide, isocyanate, or halotriazine groups and polymerizable groups. Compounds of this type and mixtures thereof have outstanding adhesion properties, especially in relation to biological substrates, can be copolymerized with composites based on unsaturated monomers, and are especially appropriate in dentistry and medicine as adhesion promoters, adhesive fillers, or adhesive cement.

Abstract: Normally tacky, pressure sensitive adhesive compositions comprise one or more polymers containing pendant functional groups attached to a polymer backbone and having the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive is provided which is a copolymer of an acrylate monomer which contributes to the visco-elastic properties of the copolymer and a copolymerizable mono-ethylenically unsaturated aromatic ketone comonomer free of ortho-aromatic hydroxyl groups by means of which the copolymer can be crosslinked upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation such that the amount of crosslinking comonomer and the degree of polymerization of the copolymer are controlled to obtain a creep compliance value of at least about 1.2.times.10.sup.-5 cm.sup.2 /dyne, the adhesive exhibits an enhanced level of initial adhesion when applied to skin but resists objectionable adhesion build-up over time. A preferred crosslinking ethylenically unsaturated hydroxyl-free aromatic ketone comonomer is p-acryloxybenzophenone.

Abstract: Photoresist materials that are sensitive in suitable range including the 200 nm to 300 nm ultraviolet radiation range are provided which permit relatively higher resolution and thus a higher information density in microcircuits. The positive photoresist materials are copolymers of(a) monomers selected from those of 1,4-disubstituted-2-butene-1,4-diones of the general structures of ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 are the same or different and are substituent selected from the group of 1 to 6 carbon atom alkyl and halogen substitutes alkyl radicals methoxy and ethoxy radicals, aryl, halogen substituted aryl, alkyl substituted aryl, alkoxy substituted aryl, nitro substituted aryl, cyano substituted aryl and amino substituted aryl radicals, and benzyl, naphthyl and anthryl radicals with(b) at least one vinylidene monomer of the general formula ##STR2## where R.sub.3 represents hydrogen, halogen or an alkyl group, and R.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrically conductive p-doped poly(.beta.-diketone) and a process for forming same utilizing WCl.sub.6 as the polymerization catalyst. Doping of the resulting polymer with iodine dopant in either solution or the vapor phase or with tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) or AsF.sub.5 results in a conductive polymer having good stability in air.

Abstract: The green strength of synthetic elastomers is improved by forming copolymers from at least one type of various synthetic elastomer forming monomers with a hydroxyl containing monomer having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are either hydrogen or a methyl group and R.sub.4 is an alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms and A is a methylene or carbonyl group. The green strength is further improved if a small amount of a hydroxyl ester cross-linking agent is utilized.

Abstract: A process of forming polymeric products having a high degree of pendant secondary or tertiary alkylene amino groups by contacting, in a liquid media, a hydrocarbon polymer having olefinic groups therein with a primary or secondary amine, carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalytic amount of a Group VIII metal compound.

Abstract: Polymeric compounds which have recurring ##STR1## units, wherein X is N or O, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogens or lower alkyls and R.sub.4 is ##STR2## and aromatic amine or an aromatic hydrazine which provides X as N. These polymers provide active methylene groups which serve as points of attachment for organic groups-particularly azo functionality-containing groups. These azo links can be cleaved by bacteria in the mammalian lower bowel, thereby releasing the corresponding amino groups. This mechanism can effect programmed delivery of pharmaceutically desirable species to the lower bowel.

Abstract: Polymerizable compositions comprise(a) a compound containing both(i) at least one acryloyloxy or methacryloyloxy group,(ii) at least one allyl, methallyl, or 1-propenyl group attached directly to a carbon atom which forms part of an aromatic nucleus or to an oxygen atom or an oxycarbonyl group which are in turn directly attached to such a carbon atom,the total of the said groups (i) and (ii) being at least three, and(b) a compound containing at least two mercaptan groups directly attached to aliphatic carbon atoms, in a proportion as to supply at least 0.8 such mercaptan group per allyl, methallyl or 1-propenyl group in (a) but less than 1.0 such mercaptan group in (a) per acryloyl, methacryloyl, allyl, methallyl, or 1-propenyl group.

Abstract: An amorphous, oil soluble ethylene/propylene/vinylalkyl ketone polymer having a mol ratio of ethylene to propylene from about 35:65 to 60:40 and lube oil compositions comprising said polymers.

Abstract: A Mannich condensation product of an amorphous, oil soluble olefin/carbonyl polymer, amine and formaldehyde yielding reactant wherein the carbonyl groups are provided by at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide and vinyl alkyl ketone and lube oil compositions comprising said polymers.

Abstract: A radiation sensitive polymer material having (a) one or more repeating units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydrogen atom or a dimethylamino group, and (b) an addition polymerizable repeating unit derived from a compound having a CH.sub.2 .dbd.C< group in the molecule, can give a positive type resist having excellent resistance to dry etching and being highly sensitive to radiation.

Abstract: An ultraviolet absorbing lens for use by aphakics formed by copolymerizing a monomer suitable for making lenses and a copolymerizable ultraviolet absorber for absorbing radiation having wavelength of 340 to 450 mmu.

Abstract: Monoethylenically unsaturated beta-carbonyl-containing carboxyl functional monomers and addition polymers containing them and other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers are disclosed, as are methods of coating substrates with the polymers to provide films of improved water resistance. The monomers are especially stable in the form of a salt with a volatile base, and the removal of the base when a polymer containing the monomer is cured causes decarboxylation, and the removal of the carboxyl groups improves the water resistance.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in a mixture which is polymerizable by radiation and contains, as the essential constituents, (a) a polymeric binder, (b) a polymerization initiator which can be activated by radiation, and (c) a compound of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is a divalent aliphatic group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms which also can be partially replaced by hetero-atoms, a divalent cycloaliphatic group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms, or a mixed aliphatic-aromatic group having 7 to 15 carbon atoms, and A is an electron-attracting radical. The invention also relates to a radiation-sensitive resist material using the improved radiation-polymerizable mixture.

Abstract: This invention relates to copolymerizable ultraviolet light absorber monomers which are .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic half-esters of 2-hydroxy,alkoxy,methylolbenzophenone intermediate compounds. The monomers have the formula: ##STR1## where R is alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.8, and n is 1 or 2, andY is a half-acyl radical of a .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid selected from the group of maleic and itaconic acids.The monomers herein are made by monoesterifying intermediate compounds, prepared by converting a 2-hydroxy,alkoxy,benzophenone to the corresponding methylol derivative by a formylation reaction, with the anhydride of the desired acid.In the preferred embodiments of the invention, the alkoxy group is methoxy in the 4-position, the methylol group which is half-esterified is a monomethylol group located at the 3- or 5- position of the phenyl ring containing the hydroxy group, and the acid anhydride is maleic anhydride.

Abstract: Improved anaerobic adhesives are provided which contain two monomer types. The first is a polyacrylate terminated ester of 3,4,3',4'-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid. The second is an acrylate terminated urethane prepolymer that is prepared in part from abietyl alcohol.

Abstract: This invention relates to ultraviolet absorbing lenses, particularly corneal contact lenses, comprising a polymeric shaped body having an ultraviolet absorber dispersed substantially uniformly throughout said body and being in a steady state with respect to extraction thereof from said body by an aqueous medium, and to the method of making such lenses.

Abstract: Vinyl polymers with acetylacetoxy groups form the basis of polymer dispersions which are used as binding agent dispersions in paints, particularly suitable vinyl polymers are obtained by polymerizing an acetylacetoxy compound together with a least one further olefinically unsaturated compound, while using as acetylacetoxy compound an allyl ether derivative of the formula ##STR1## The copolymerization is carried out in particular in emulsion at a temperature in the range of from -30.degree. to 200.degree. C. As comonomers there are used especially vinyl esters and (meth-)acrylic acid esters. The polymerization is commonly effected in the presence of a radical-forming initiator and optionally in the presence of emulsifiers and protective colloids.

Abstract: Acrylate monomers useful as a component of U.V. curable resin compositions and anaerobic adhesive compositions are provided and have the structure: ##STR1## where R.sub.a is an alkyl group containing up to about 18 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy ether moiety having the structure: ##STR2## where R.sub.c is an alkyl group containing up to about 18 carbon atoms, R.sub.c is hydrogen or a methyl group, and n is zero or a small integer, and R.sub.b has the structure: ##STR3## or ##STR4## where R.sub.e is hydrogen or an alkyl group and n' is a small integer.

Abstract: Compounds added to initiate photopolymerization of monomers to produce polymeric coatings include compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein Ar is phenyl or naphthyl,R is hydrogen, alkyl with 1-4 carbon atoms, alkoxy with 1-4 carbon atoms, halogen, dialkylamino with 1-4 carbon atoms in each alkyl group, carboxyl, or alkoxycarbonyl with 1-4 carbon atoms in the alkoxy group,X is alkylene having 3 to 6 carbon atoms or alkylene having 6 to 72 carbon atoms interrupted by at least one member selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## and the precursor of X being a polyol having 3 to 6 hydroxyls and having a hydroxyl number of from 100 to 1850,R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl,n is a number with a value from about 2 to about 5, andn+m is a number with a value from about 3 to about 6.

Abstract: Monoethylenically unsaturated beta-carbonyl-containing carboxyl functional monomers and addition polymers containing them and other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers are disclosed, as are methods of coating substrates with the polymers to provide films of improved water resistance. The monomers are especially stable in the form of a salt with a volatile base, and the removal of the base when a polymer containing the monomer is cured causes decarboxylation, and the removal of the carboxyl groups improves the water resistance.

Abstract: Binders which comprise (A) an aqueous emulsion of a copolymer A, having a glass transition temperature of 0-50.degree. C., of monoolefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid esters, with or without styrene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride and acrylonitrile, which copolymer contains, as copolymerized units, small amounts of monoolefinically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids and/or dicarboxylic acids and/or their amides (of which the nitrogen atoms may or may not be alkyl-substituted and/or alkylol-substituted) and small amounts of monomers containing carbonyl groups, (B) from 0.05 to 1 mole, per mole of carbonyl groups present in the copolymer A, of a water-soluble aliphatic dihydrazine compound and (C) from 0 to 0.

Abstract: Novel photographic processing compositions including a polymeric oxime viscosity-increasing reagent for processing an exposed film unit to provide a photographic image. While this photographic image may be in black-and-white or in color and prepared by any of the heretofore known systems, of particular interest are color diffusion transfer systems for preparing a color image viewable without separation of any of the components or layers of the photographic product. The invention also includes a novel class of polymeric oximes which may be employed in such compositions.

Abstract: The invention is a process for anionically polymerizing vinyl monomers comprising contacting a vinyl monomer with an electrolytically reduced graphite having formed therein a Graphite R.sub.4 N.sup.+ intercalation compound wherein Graphite is a graphite anion radical and each R is alkyl, preferably alkyl having not more than 8 carbon atoms, to form vinyl polymer. The reduced graphite for polymerizing the vinyl monomers is prepared by electrochemical reduction of a graphite cathode in a polar aprotic solvent containing a quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte to form a graphite anion associated with a quaternary ammonium cation intercalated in the graphite. When the electrolysis is completed the graphite cathode is removed from the electrolysis cell, rinsed and contacted with vinyl monomer either dissolved in a solvent or neat to cause the polymer formation.

Abstract: Cross-linkable vinyl ester and/or vinyl halide copolymers containing hydroxyl groups consisting essentially of:(a) from 50% to 99% by weight of monomer units selected from the group consisting of vinyl esters of alkanoic acids having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, vinyl halides, and mixtures of said vinyl esters and vinyl halides,(b) from 0 to 40% by weight of mono-olefinically-unsaturated monomer units copolymerizable with vinyl esters and vinyl halide,(c) from 1% to 50% by weight of allyl ester monomer units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms, and R.sub.3 is alkylene having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms in R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is at least 2,where said copolymer has a K-value of between 10 and 100.

Abstract: A sensitive composition comprising polymethyl isopropenyl ketone of limited molecular weight and a compound of a given general formula. The formation of a pattern of less than 1 .mu.m is made possible by employing ultraviolet rays of wave lengths of 100-350 nm in place of those of 350-450 nm utilized in conventional processes. The sensitive composition is highly sensitive to ultraviolet rays in said wave range and reproduces a fine pattern precisely.

Abstract: Compositions useful as multi-purpose lubricant and functional fluid additives and as thickeners and antisag additives for resins, paints and the like are prepared by free radical polymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of an oil-soluble dispersant. The carboxylic dispersants are preferred, especially esters of hydrocarbon-substituted succinic acids wherein the substituent contains at least about 30 carbon atoms and the reaction products of such acids or their derivatives with amines, usually polyalkylene polyamines.

Abstract: 1. In a process for preparing a cation exchange resin having a water-insoluble matrix and cation exchange groups bonded thereto, the improvement comprising employing as said matrix a solid copolymer of macroreticular structure which is permeated by small channels or voids into which liquids are able to penetrate, which matrix is prepared by copolymerizing a mixture consisting essentially of (1) a monovinyl carbocyclic aromatic compound or an ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid, with (2) a polyethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from the group consisting of a polyvinyl carbocyclic aromatic compound, an ester of a dihydric alcohol and an .alpha.-.beta.

Abstract: Monoethylenically unsaturated derivatives of substituted benzophenones or acetophenones which are prepared by reaction of such a benzophenone or acetophenone with a vinyl benzyl halide, such as the chloride, are polymerizable to form homopolymers or copolymers e.g. with a wide variety of conventional ethylenically unsaturated monomers, especially monoethylenically unsaturated vinyl or vinylidene monomers. The resulting polymers are sensitive to radiation, such as ultraviolet light, e.g. having a wave length of 2,000 to 5,000 angstroms, and readily cross-link or cure upon exposure to such radiation. Adhesives, binders, coatings, and impregnating compositions are made from the polymers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a copolymer comprising at least 40% by weight of copolymerized acrylonitrile and from 0.5 to 10% by weight of at least one copolymerized unsaturated ester of acetoacetic acid corresponding to the general formula:CH.sub.3 --CO--CH.sub.2 --COO--R--CR'.dbd.CH.sub.2and, optionally, at least one other copolymerized comonomer.

Abstract: This invention relates to ultraviolet absorbing lenses, particularly corneal contact lenses, comprising a polymeric shaped body having an ultraviolet absorber dispersed substantially uniformly throughout said body and being in a steady state with respect to extraction thereof from said body by an aqueous medium, and to the method of making such lenses.