Abstract: A technique includes: (a) modifying a surface of a first base exposed on a surface of a substrate to be terminated with a hydrocarbon group by supplying a hydrocarbon group-containing gas to the substrate having the first base and a second base exposed on the surface of the substrate; and (b) forming a film on a surface of the second base by supplying an oxygen- and hydrogen-containing gas to the substrate after modifying the surface of the first base.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a branched conjugated diene copolymer which is useful for preparing a rubber composition, having high uniformity of a temperature dependence curve of a viscoelasticity tan ?, for a tire, a rubber composition comprising the copolymer, and a pneumatic tire produced using the rubber composition for a tire. The branched conjugated diene copolymer is composed of monomer components comprising a branched conjugated diene compound represented by a general formula (1): wherein R1 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 11 carbon atoms, and an aromatic vinyl compound represented by a general formula (2): wherein R2 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and R5 represents a hydrogen atom or the like, and a copolymerization ratio (m) of the aromatic vinyl compound (2) is 45% by mass or more.

Abstract: It has been found that certain cells in culture can convert more than about 0.002 percent of the carbon available in the cell culture medium into isoprene. These cells have a heterologous nucleic acid that (i) encodes an isoprene synthase polypeptide and (ii) is operably linked to a promoter. The isoprene produced in such a cultured medium can then be recovered and polymerized into synthetic rubbers and other useful polymeric materials. The synthetic isoprene containing polymers of this invention offer the benefit of being verifiable as to being derived from non-petrochemical based resources. They can also be analytically distinguished from rubbers that come from natural sources. The present invention more specifically discloses a polyisoprene polymer which is comprised of repeat units that are derived from isoprene monomer, wherein the polyisoprene polymer has ?13C value of greater than ?22‰.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and methods for producing polymers of isoprene derived from renewable resources, such as isoprene produced from cultured cells that use renewable carbon sources. A starting isoprene composition, such as a bioisoprene composition, is distinguished from petroleum based isoprene by its purity profile (such as lower levels of certain C5 hydrocarbons other than isoprene, presence of certain compounds associated with the biological process for production) and the relative content of the carbon isotopes. Polymers obtained by polymerization of such starting isoprene composition according to this invention, such as a polyisoprene homopolymer or a copolymer having repeat units that are derived from isoprene, are distinguishable from isoprene containing polymers from petrochemical resources.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a conjugated diene based polymer comprising a monomer unit derived from at least one conjugated diene selected from 1,3-butadiene and isoprene and a monomer unit derived from a compound having two conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds and one or more non-conjugated carbon-carbon double bond.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a copolymer derived from an acyclic conjugated diene monomer and a 1-vinylcycloalkene monomer of formula I where n is an integer ranging from 0 to 4, R is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl group of one to four carbon atoms, with the proviso that R may be appended at the 3 to (n+5) positions on the carbon ring.

Abstract: A composition includes a baleable polymer resulting from the polymerization of at least one conjugated diene in the presence of an anionic initiator. The baleable polymer has carboxylate termination resulting from the addition of carbon dioxide to terminate the polymerization reaction. The polymer has Mooney ML1+4 viscosity of >35 and a solution viscosity of X, where X is >75 cP. The addition of an lonolizer to a composition that includes the polymer reduces the solution viscosity of the polymer from X to Y where Y meets the following formula: 0.4X?Y?0.58X. The baleable polymer is blended with impact-modified plastics resulting in improved izod values and optical qualities. Processes for making and utilizing the polymer composition, and ionolizer are also described.

Abstract: A process for preparing a copolymer of an acyclic conjugated diene and a cyclic conjugated diene using a polymerization catalyst system comprising a transition metal compound or a lanthanide metal compound, an alkylating agent, and an inorganic halide alcoholate, and rubber compositions and tires comprising the same. The copolymer contains at least 90% acyclic conjugated diene monomer, has a number average molecular weight of between 40,000 and 300,000, and has a cis-bond content of at least 92%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a branched conjugated diene copolymer which is useful for preparing a rubber composition, having high uniformity of a temperature dependence curve of a viscoelasticity tan?, for a tire, a rubber composition comprising the copolymer, and a pneumatic tire produced using the rubber composition for a tire. The branched conjugated diene copolymer is composed of monomer components comprising a branched conjugated diene compound represented by a general formula (1): wherein R1 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 11 carbon atoms, and an aromatic vinyl compound represented by a general formula (2): wherein R2 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and R5 represents a hydrogen atom or the like, and a copolymerization ratio (m) of the aromatic vinyl compound (2) is 45% by mass or more.

Abstract: A multidimensional polymer production method for producing a multidimensional polymer containing a repeating unit derived from a first monomer and a repeating unit derived from a second monomer, the multidimensional polymer production method including the steps of: (a) using a first catalyst and a second catalyst; and (b) carrying out a polymerization reaction in the presence of the first catalyst, the second catalyst, the first monomer, the second monomer, and a chain shuttling agent in an identical reaction system, the first catalyst selectively catalyzing a positionally selective or stereoselective polymerization reaction of the first monomer per se, and the second catalyst selectively catalyzing a positionally selective or stereoselective polymerization reaction of the second monomer per se.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a polymer comprising repeat units derived from 1,3-butadiene and a substituted butadiene of formula I or II wherein R is hydrogen, an alkyl group, aryl group, or a fused cyclic group; and wherein at least 95 percent by weight of the repeat units have a cis-1, 4 microstructure. The invention is further directed to a rubber composition and pneumatic tire comprising the polymer, and a method for making the polymer using a neodymium catalyst system.

Abstract: The invention features compositions and methods for producing polymers of isoprene derived from renewable resources such as isoprene produced from cultured cells that use renewable carbon sources. A starting isoprene composition, such as a bioisoprene composition, is distinguished from petroleum based isoprene by the purity profile (such as lower levels of certain C5 hydrocarbons other than isoprene, presence of certain compounds associated with the biological process for production) and the relative content of the carbon isotopes. Polymers obtained by polymerization of such starting isoprene composition according to this invention, such as a polyisoprene homopolymer or a copolymer having repeat units that are derived from isoprene, are distinguishable from isoprene containing polymers from petrochemical resources.

Abstract: It has been found that certain cells in culture can convert more than about 0.002 percent of the carbon available in the cell culture medium into isoprene. These cells have a heterologous nucleic acid that (i) encodes an isoprene synthase polypeptide and (ii) is operably linked to a promoter. The isoprene produced in such a cultured medium can then be recovered and polymerized into synthetic rubbers and other useful polymeric materials. The synthetic isoprene containing polymers of this invention offer the benefit of being verifiable as to being derived from non-petrochemical based resources. They can also be analytically distinguished from rubbers that come from natural sources. The present invention more specifically discloses a polyisoprene polymer which is comprised of repeat units that are derived from isoprene monomer, wherein the polyisoprene polymer has ?13C value of greater than ?22‰.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions of a linear polyol and a salt of a crosslinked cation exchange polymer comprising a fluoro group and an acid group. These compositions are useful to bind potassium in the gastrointestinal tract.

Abstract: Provided herein are polyfarnesenes such as farnesene homopolymers derived from a farnesene and farnesene interpolymers derived from a farnesene and at least a vinyl monomer; and the processes of making and using the polyfarnesenes. The farnesene homopolymer can be prepared by polymerizing the farnesene in the presence of a catalyst such as a Ziegler-Natta catalyst, a Kaminsky catalyst, a metallocene catalyst, an organolithium reagent or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the farnesene is prepared from a sugar by using a microorganism.

Abstract: Provided herein are polyfarnesenes such as farnesene homopolymers derived from a farnesene and farnesene interpolymers derived from a farnesene and at least a vinyl monomer; and the processes of making and using the polyfarnesenes. The farnesene homopolymer can be prepared by polymerizing the farnesene in the presence of a catalyst. In some embodiments, the farnesene is prepared from a sugar by using a microorganism.

Abstract: Elastomeric films which are both soft and thermally, UV and oxidatively stable are provided. The films are composed of coupled, selectively hydrogenated block copolymers having a relatively high molecular weight and high vinyl content. In addition to the block copolymer other components may be present in formulated films such as other block copolymers, hydrocarbon resins, polyolefins, metallocene polyolefins, homopolystyrene or mineral oils. The softness of the films is determined by the stress at 100% tensile elongation where the films with suitable softness have a 100% stress of about 100 psi or less. While soft, the films also are strong with tensile strengths of 1000 psi or more and suitable hysteresis properties. The elastomeric films are useful as integral components of personal hygiene articles such as gloves, diapers, incontinence products, disposable swimwear and disposable undergarments.

Abstract: The present invention achieves increased filler interaction by incorporating a small amount (a few units per chain of rubbery polymer) of a conjugated triene monomer, such as alloocimene, randomly throughout the polymer chain of a rubbery polymer or at the chain ends of the rubbery polymer. The incorporation of the conjugated triene monomer leads to the formation of a polymer containing highly reactive conjugated diene units. These conjugated diene units can chemically react with carbon black leading to superior reinforcement. Alternatively, these conjugated diene units can be used for functionalization of the polymer with silica interactive/reactive groups using Diels Alder reactions. This functionalization of the rubbery polymer can conveniently be conducted in a mixer, such as a Banbury mixer, a mill mixer, or the like.

Abstract: It has been found that certain cells in culture can convert more than about 0.002 percent of the carbon available in the cell culture medium into isoprene. These cells have a heterologous nucleic acid that (i) encodes an isoprene synthase polypeptide and (ii) is operably linked to a promoter. In some cases, these cells are cultured in a culture medium that includes a carbon source, such as, but not limited to, a carbohydrate, glycerol, glycerine, dihydroxyacetone, one-carbon source, oil, animal fat, animal oil, fatty acid, lipid, phospholipid, glycerolipid, monoglyceride, diglyceride, triglyceride, renewable carbon source, polypeptide (e.g., a microbial or plant protein or peptide), yeast extract, component from a yeast extract, or any combination of two or more of the foregoing. The isoprene produced in such a cultured medium can then be recovered and polymerized into synthetic rubbers and other useful polymeric materials.

Abstract: This invention relates to blends of linear low density polyethylene copolymers with other linear low density polyethylenes or very low density, low density, medium density, high density, and differentiated polyethylenes. The invention also includes articles produced from the linear low density polyethylene and polyethylene blends described.

Abstract: The invention features compositions and methods for producing polymers of isoprene derived from renewable resources such as isoprene produced from cultured cells that use renewable carbon sources. A starting isoprene composition, such as a bioisoprene composition, is distinguished from petroleum based isoprene by the purity profile (such as lower levels of certain C5 hydrocarbons other than isoprene, presence of certain compounds associated with the biological process for production) and the relative content of the carbon isotopes. Polymers obtained by polymerization of such starting isoprene composition according to this invention, such as a polyisoprene homopolymer or a copolymer having repeat units that are derived from isoprene, are distinguishable from isoprene containing polymers from petrochemical resources.

Abstract: A water-based coated-type vibration damping material uses a styrene-butadiene copolymer emulsion as a resin emulsion and a calcium carbonate as an inorganic filler. The water-based coated-type vibration damping material limits a blending amount of a glycol to 2% by weight or less. In case of making a coated layer by such water-based coated-type vibration damping material, there is no blister generation observed after a hot water immersion of 168 hours (7 days), after a hot water immersion of 336 hours (14 days) and after a hot water immersion of 1000 hours, either.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method to produce highly branched polymers with a polyolefin backbone structure of ethylene and precise control of the nature of the branching. In particular, the distribution of branch length and number of branches can be more precisely controlled via the polymerization method of the present invention. The method comprises using anionic chemistry to make unsaturated polydienes with a well-defined, highly-branched structure, and then hydrogenating these polydienes to form highly branched or dendritic saturated hydrocarbon polymers. Highly branched or dendritic polyethylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer and atactic polypropylene are among the saturated hydrocarbon polymers that can be anionically synthesized via the proper selection of diene monomer type, coupling agent, and hydrogenation conditions.

Abstract: Vinyl functional olefin polymers are prepared by polymerizing hexadiene or copolymerizing C2-C4-?-olefin, e.g., propylene, and hexadiene in the presence of a 2,1-insertion catalyst.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel polymerization initiator capable of introducing an active amino proton into a polymerization starting terminal without losing polymerization activity, and a novel modified conjugated diene polymer being excellent in the interaction with a filler and capable of improving a low heat buildup of a rubber composition, and more particularly to a polymerization initiator being a diamine compound in which one amino group is protected with a silylating agent and an active proton of the other amino group is replaced with an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and a modified conjugated diene polymer which can be produced by using such a polymerization initiator and is a homopolymer of a conjugated diene compound or a copolymer of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound and has a residue derived from a diamine compound at its polymerization starting terminal.

Abstract: This invention discloses a process for manufacturing an elastomeric article by liquid injection molding, said process comprising the steps of: (I) heating a curable composition comprised of (1) a liquid polymer comprised of repeat units that are derived from a conjugated diolefin monomer, wherein said liquid polymer has a weight average molecular weight which is within the range of 5,000 to 100,000, and wherein the liquid polymer is functionalized with an amine moiety, (2) a carbonyl inhibited platinum catalyst, and (3) a tetrakis(dialkyl siloxy) silane crosslinking agent, to a temperature which is within the range of 30° C. to 100° C.; (II) injecting the heated curable composition into a mold at a temperature which is within the range of 100° C. to 210° C. to produce the elastomeric article; and (III) removing the elastomeric article from the mold.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a linear functional polymer having repeating units A, B and D. Unit A represents —CH2—, unit B represents and unit D represents where R1 represents a polar functional group. There are at least four A units separating each B unit, each D unit, and each B and D unit. The value y represents the total number of B units and is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The total number of D units is represented by h and is an integer greater than or equal to 0. And x represents the total number of A units and is an integer sufficient that the molar fraction of the B and D units in the linear functional polymer is represented by a value j defined by the equation: j = y + h x + y + h ? 0.032 . The present invention is also directed to a method for preparing such linear functional polymers by copolymerizing a first polar substituted monomer and a second non-polar unsubstituted monomer.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a block copolymer hydrogenation product suitable for a sheet and a heat shrinkable film which are excellent in solvent resistance, rigidity, elongation and transparency, which is excellent in a balance of physical properties such as solvent resistance, natural shrinkability, low-temperature shrinkability, rigidity, transparency and low-temperature elongation, and a composition thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rubber composition for coating carcass cord improving adhesive property to the carcass cord and further suppressing the crack growth, heat generation and lowering of rubber property, and a carcass cord coated thereby. A rubber composition for coating carcass cord comprising 3 to 10 parts by weight of zinc oxide, 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of resorcin condensate or modified resorcin condensate and 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of partial condensate of hexamethylol melamine pentamethyl ether or partial condensate of hexa methoxy methylol melamine based on 100 parts by weight of a rubber component comprising 40 to 80% by weight of natural rubber or isoprene rubber, 10 to 30% by weight of butadiene rubber and 10 to 40% by weight of styrene butadiene rubber.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a linear functional polymer having repeating units A, B and D. Unit A represents —CH2—, unit B represents and unit D represents where R1 represents a polar functional group. There are at least four A units separating each B unit, each D unit, and each B and D unit. The value y represents the total number of B units and is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The total number of D units is represented by h and is an integer greater than or equal to 0. And x represents the total number of A units and is an integer sufficient that the molar fraction of the B and D units in the linear functional polymer is represented by a value j defined by the equation: j = y + h x + y + h ? 0.032 . The present invention is also directed to a method for preparing such linear functional polymers by copolymerizing a first polar substituted monomer and a second non-polar unsubstituted monomer.

Abstract: Branched synthetic polyisoprenes are described having a macrostructure and a microstructure very similar to those of natural rubber. According to one aspect, these polyisoprenes have an apparent stress F/S0 greater than or equal to 0.4 MPa at a relative elongation ? of 150%, applied to a dumbbell-shaped test specimen consisting of the crosslinkable polyisoprene. According to another aspect, these polyisoprenes fulfill the relationship: Cotan ??0.3761. ?inh+0.15,:??(i) where cotan ? is the cotangent of the loss angle of a sample of said polyisoprene, measured at 130° C. by means of an instrument known by the trade name “RPA2000”, said sample being subjected to shear stress to 10% deformation and at a stress frequency of 0.035 Hz, and where ?inh is the inherent viscosity of said polyisoprene, measured in toluene at 25° C. and at a concentration of said polyisoprene in toluene of 0.1 g/dl.

Abstract: This invention relates to a polymer of one or more C3 to C40 olefins, optionally one or more diolefins, and less than 15 mole % of ethylene, and polymerization processes for producing the same.

Abstract: Certain specific embodiments of the invention will now be discussed. For example, a process of preparing a polymer composition that includes a branched crystalline diene-modified polypropylene random terpolymer is described, which process includes: contacting a metallocene catalyst compound with a polymerization medium that includes at least a propylene monomer, a first diene monomer, and a second diene monomer; and conducting polymerization of the monomers in the presence of the metallocene catalyst compound for a time sufficient to provide a branched crystalline diene-modified polypropylene random terpolymer that includes monomeric units derived from each of the monomers, and having from 0.0 wt % to 2.0 wt % ethylene and a heat of fusion of 30 J/g or more.

Abstract: A polymer comprises at least two types of monomer units selected from: (1) diethynyl benzene units, (2) triethynyl benzene units, and (3) ester units. After curing, the polymer may form a condensed polyaromatic dielectric having a dielectric constant of at most 2.0 at 1 MHz, an elastic modulus of at least 7.7 GPa, and a hardness of at least 2.0 GPa.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to a process for preparing a catalyst system that comprises the sequential steps of (I) reacting an organometalic compound that contains a metal from Group III-B of the Periodic System with an organoaluminum compound at a temperature which is within the range of 50° C. to 100° C.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a baleable lithium carboxylate polymer. The process includes polymerizing at least one conjudated diene in the presence of an organolithium initiator to a substantial completion. Thereafter, the polymerization process is terminated by the addition of carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A description follows of random butadiene-isoprene copolymers with a trans-1,4 structure, having a butadiene/isoprene molar composition ranging from 98/2 to 32/68, the above copolymers being crystalline or amorphous depending on the isoprene content. The process for the preparation of the above copolymers is also described, in the present of a catalytic system which comprises: (a) a first component consisting of a vanadium compound selected from: (a1) compounds having general formula (Ia) VO(L)n(X)m wherein n is an integer from 1 to 3 and m ranges from zero to 2, n+m being equal to 2 or 3; (a2) compounds having general formula (Ib) V(L)p(X)q wherein p is an integer from 1 to 4, q ranges from zero to 3, the sum of p+q being equal to 3 or 4; wherein L is a bidentate ligand and X is a halogen, preferably Chlorine; (b) a second component selected from aluminoxanes and relative derivatives.

Abstract: A bicyclic conjugated diene polymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer (M) comprising at least one kind of bicyclic conjugated diene monomer represented by formula (I), and a bicyclic conjugated diene copolymer obtained by copolymerizing monomer (M) with at least one kind of unsaturated compound other than said monomer: wherein, R1 to R6 are the same or different and are each hydrogen, halogen, or alkyl or halogenated alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon; n and m are each an integer of from 0 to 10; X1, X2, Y1 and Y2 are the same or different from each other and are each hydrogen, halogen or alkyl or halogenated alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon; and, when m or n is 2 or more, each of mX1's, mX2's, nY1's and nY2's are the same or different.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to a technique for synthesizing rubbery non-tapered, random, copolymers of 1,3-butadiene and isoprene. These rubbery copolymers exhibit an excellent combination of properties for utilization in tire sidewall rubber compounds for truck tires. By utilizing these isoprene-butadiene rubbers in tire sidewalls, tires having improved cut growth resistance can be built without sacrificing rolling resistance. Such rubbers can also be employed in tire tread compounds to improve tread wear characteristics and decrease rolling resistance without sacrificing traction characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to articles prepared from novel anionic block copolymers of mono alkenyl arenes and conjugated dienes, and to blends of such block copolymers with other polymers. The block copolymers are selectively hydrogenated and have mono alkenyl arene end blocks and conjugated diene mid blocks. The block copolymer may be blended with at least one other polymer selected from the group consisting of olefin polymers, styrene polymers, amorphous resins and engineering thermoplastic resins.

Abstract: This invention discloses a process for synthesizing an amine functionalized monomer that comprises (1) reacting a secondary amine with a 2,3-dihalopropene to produce a vinyl halide containing secondary amine having a structural formula selected from the group consisting of wherein R and R? can be the same or different and represent allyl, alkoxyl or alkyl groups containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and wherein X represents a halogen atom, and wherein m represents an integer from 4 to about 10, and wherein X represents a halogen atom; and (2) reacting the vinyl halide containing secondary amine with a vinyl magnesium halide to produce the monomer having a structural formula wherein R and R? can be the same or different and represent alkyl, allyl or alkoxyl groups containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and wherein m represents an integer from about 4 to about 10.

Abstract: A cyclic conjugated diene copolymer comprising a main chain comprised of (A) cyclic conjugated diene monomer units, (B) monomer units obtained from vinyl aromatic monomers each having a hydrogen atom at the ?-position thereof, and optionally (C) monomer units obtained from commoners which are other than the monomers used for obtaining the monomer units A and B and which are copolymerizable with at least one of the monomers used for obtaining the monomer units A and B, wherein all monomer units A and the monomer units B together form one or more polymer chains each having an A/B random sequence, wherein the one or more polymer chains each having an A/B random sequence contain at least one polymer chain having a number average molecular weight of from 20,000 to 500,000 and contain no polymer chain having a number average molecular weight of more than 500,000. A process for producing the above-mentioned cyclic conjugated diene copolymer by living anionic polymerization.

Abstract: An objective of the invention is to provide a rubber composition which has satisfactory processability and dimension stability, and the like, gives a vulcanized rubber exhibiting excellent wearing resistance and tensile strength, and the like, and thus is useful in a belt, a hose and a tire and the like, as well as a crosslinked rubber particle for obtaining such rubber composition. A rubber composition of the invention comprises [1] a crosslinked rubber particle comprising as repeating units (a) 30 to 94.89% by weight of a conjugated diene unit, (b) 5 to 69.89% by weight of an aromatic vinyl unit, (c) 0.01 to 10% by weight of a monomer unit having at least two polymerizable unsaturated group, (d) one polymerizable unsaturated group and an amino group, a hydroxyl group and an epoxy group and (e) 0.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for purifying copolymer compounds having monovinyl aromatic blocks and conjugated diene blocks by reducing the residual monomer content of the finished polymer. The method and apparatus includes a combination of heat exchangers and devolatilizers used in conjunction with a copolymerization reactor system.

Abstract: This invention discloses a process for synthesizing an amine functionalized monomer that comprises (1) reacting a secondary amine with a 2,3-dihalopropene to produce a vinyl halide containing secondary amine having a structural formula selected from the group consisting of wherein R and R? can be the same or different and represent allyl, alkoxyl or alkyl groups containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and wherein X represents a halogen atom, and wherein m represents an integer from 4 to about 10, and wherein X represents a halogen atom; and (2) reacting the vinyl halide containing secondary amine with a vinyl magnesium halide to produce the monomer having a structural formula wherein R and R? can be the same or different and represent alkyl, allyl or alkoxyl groups containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and wherein m represents an integer from about 4 to about 10.

Abstract: This invention discloses a process for synthesizing an amine functionalized monomer that comprises (1) reacting a secondary amine with a 2,3-dihalopropene to produce a vinyl halide containing secondary amine having a structural formula selected from the group consisting of wherein R and R? can be the same or different and represent allyl, alkoxyl or alkyl groups containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and wherein X represents a halogen atom, and wherein m represents an integer from 4 to about 10, and wherein X represents a halogen atom; and (2) reacting the vinyl halide containing secondary amine with a vinyl magnesium halide to produce the monomer having a structural formula wherein R and R? can be the same or different and represent alkyl, allyl or alkoxyl groups containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and wherein m represents an integer from about 4 to about 10.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a baleable lithium carboxylate polymer. The process includes polymerizing at least one conjudated diene in the presence of an organolithium initiator to a substantial completion. Thereafter, the polymerization process is terminated by the addition of carbon dioxide.

Abstract: Disclosed are a precursor composition, a rubber component and a shear ply prepared from the precursor composition, and methods for making and using the same. The precursor composition includes a first hydrogenated nitrile conjugated-diene copolymer modified by a metal salt unsaturated carboxylic acid ester, wherein the first hydrogenated nitrile conjugated-diene copolymer is derived from a first ethylenically unsaturated nitrile and a first conjugated diene a second hydrogenated nitrile conjugated-diene copolymer derived from a second ethylenically unsaturated nitrile and a second conjugated diene; and a curing agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing caoutchouc particles (K) by means of emulsion polymerisation in the presence of an emulsifier and a polymerisation initiator. Said particles contain A) 80 to 100 wt. % of one or more conjugated diene monomers (A) in relation to (K) and B) 0 to 20 wt. % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated comonomers (B) in relation to (K) in the polymerised form. The inventive method is characterised in that 1) a mixture (M1) containing water and an emulsifier is provided, 2) a mixture (M2) containing one or more monomers in the monomer or polymerised form selected from styrole, &agr;-methylstyrole, butadiene, n-butylacrylate, MMA and acrylnitrile and optionally comonomers is added, 3) polymerisation of the obtained mixture starts in the presence of a polymerisation initiator at temperature of 5 to 95° C., 4) a mixture (M3) containing 0 to 100 wt. % of the comonomers (B) in relation to (B) and 0 to 25 wt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the copolymerization of conjugated diolefins with non-conjugated olefins in the presence of rare earth metal catalysts. The advantages of the process according to the invention are in particular the high selectivity, good space-time yield and the possibility of being able to vary the reaction conditions within a wide range.