Abstract: Polyisobutenes are prepared by cationic polymerization of isobutene or isobutene-containing hydrocarbon streams in the liquid phase in the presence of boron trifluoride as a catalyst, the catalytic activity of the boron trifluoride being partially or completely eliminated at a desired time by means of a solid deactivator, by a process in which the solid deactivator has boron trifluoride-binding primary, secondary, tertiary and/or quaternary nitrogen atoms and is insoluble in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of highly reactive polyisobutenes with a content of terminal vinylidene groupings of greater than 80 mol % and an average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000 Dalton by cationic polymerization of isobutene or of isobutene and monomers copolymerizable with isobutene in the presence of solvent-stabilized transition metal complexes with weakly coordinated anions.

Abstract: A method of making a copolymer composition containing a copolymer, which includes the steps of (a) providing a donor monomer composition that includes an isobutylene type monomer; (b) mixing the donor monomer composition with an ethylenically unsaturated monomer composition that includes one or more ethylenically unsaturated acceptor monomers, and is substantially free of maleate type monomers and fumarate type monomers, and (c) polymerizing the mixture resulting from step (b) in the presence of a free radical polymerization initiator. The polymerization is carried out in the substantial absence of Lewis acids and/or transition metals. The isobutylene type monomer is present at a molar excess of at least 10 mol % based on the molar concentration of monomers in the ethylenically unsaturated monomer composition. The ethylenically unsaturated acceptor monomers are present in an amount of at least 15 mol % of the total monomer composition.

Abstract: A process for preparing a butyl polymer having a broad molecular weight distribution. The process comprises the step of contacting a C4 to C8 monoolefin monomers with a C4 to C14 multiolefin monomer at a temperature in the range of from about −100° C. to about +50° C. in the presence of a diluent and a catalyst mixture comprising a major amount of a dialkylalumium halide, a minor amount of a monoalkylaluminum dihalide, and a minute amount of an aluminoxane.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polyisobutylenes by cationic polymerization of isobutylene or isobutylene-containing hydrocarbon streams in the liquid phase in the presence of boron trifluoride acting as catalyst, the catalytic activity of boron trifluoride being partially or completely stopped by means of a solid deactivator following a given timelapse, which deactivator is an inorganic, anhydrous or hydrous oxygen compound of aluminum which is insoluble in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of forming a polymer composition having quaternary alkane units and aromatic hydrocarbon units. The aromatic hydrocarbon units have substituents of the general formula R1SiR2R3R4, wherein R1 is optional and is a hydrocarbon or ether linking the silicon and the aromatic hydrocarbon, and R2, R3, and R4 are one or more of hydrogen, alkyl, and alkoxy, with the provision that no more than two may be hydrogen or alkyl.

Abstract: Low color, aromatic modified C5 hydrocarbon resins are disclosed. The resins are predominantly an aromatic modified piperylene resin. The resins are useful as tackifiers in hot melt adhesives and hot melt pressure sensitive adhesives.

Abstract: A polymer is produced by feeding a polymerization initiator, a cationically polymerizable monomer component and a catalyst continuously to a flow-through stirring vessel reactor to thereby allow the living polymerization to initiate and feeding a reaction solution from said flow-through stirring vessel reactor to a flow-through tubular reactor continuously to thereby allow the living polymerization to proceed, said reaction solution having a conversion rate of said cationically polymerizable monomer component of not less than 1% by weight to less than 90% by weight.

Abstract: Deaminatively generated carbocations to initiate addition polymerization are disclosed. The high reactivity of the carbocation allows initiation of polymerization with virtually all alkenes, alkynes, alicyclic and aromatic monomers, regardless whether multisubstituted or conjugated. In addition, the carbocation initiates a polymerization reaction that generates an extremely high molecular weight polymer. In particular polystyrene of viscosity average molecular weight of approximately 106 was obtained.

Abstract: The present invention has for its object to produce an isobutylene polymer having excellent performance characteristics by suppressing side reactions at the polymer growth termini during polymerization. The process of the present invention is to carry out a cationic polymerization of a monomer component containing isobutylene in the presence of a polymerization initiator, a catalyst, an ether compound, and an electron donor. Moreover, the process is to carry out a cationic polymerization of a monomer component containing isobutylene in the presence of a polymerization initiator, a catalyst, an ether compound, and an electron donor, and add a compound having the carbon-carbon unsaturated bond for introducing the carbon-carbon unsaturated bond into the polymer terminus.

Abstract: The present application relates to a process for the continuous polymerization of isobutene while maintaining at a constant desired value a property P (viscosity or average molecular mass) of the polymer produced. The polymerization is conducted in a reactor comprising a boiling liquid reaction phase which contains the monomer and the polymer being formed, in equilibrium with a gas phase on top of the said liquid phase, by continuous introduction into the reactor of a catalyst and of a C4 hydrocarbon feed mixture comprising the monomer, and by continuous withdrawal from the reactor of the liquid reaction phase, which is subsequently subjected continuously to at least one purification step which is intended to isolate the polyisobutene produced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymerizable composition comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer and b1) at least one multifunctional triazinyl based 2,2,6,6 tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl and a free radical initiator or b2) at least one multifunctional triazinyl based 2,2,6,6 tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl-ether. Further aspects of the present invention are a process for polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers, the (co)polymers obtainable by this process and the use of multifunctional triazinyl based 2,2,6,6 tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyls in combination with a free radical initiator, or a multifunctional triazinyl based 2,2,6,6 tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl-ethers for controlled polymerization. In a particularly preferred embodiment at least one additional heating step at a temperature from 140 to 280° C. is applied after polymerization is completed.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a rubber composition or its crosslinked product used for a rubber stopper for a medicament or a rubber article for a medical treatment, suitable for radiation treatments to be carried out for the purpose of sterilizing.

Abstract: A liquid phase polymerization process for preparing low molecular weight, highly reactive polyisobutylene. The process includes the steps of providing a feedstock containing isobutylene and a catalyst composition made up of a complex of BF3 and a complexing agent. The feedstock and the catalyst composition are introduced into a residual reaction mixture in a reaction zone where the residual reaction mixture, the feedstock and the catalyst composition are intimately intermixed so as to present an intimately intermixed reaction admixture in said reaction zone. The intimately intermixed reaction admixture is maintained in its intimately intermixed condition and kept at a temperature of at least about 0° C. while the same is in the reaction zone, whereby the isobutylene therein is polymerized to form polyisobutylene having a high degree of terminal unsaturation. A product stream is withdrawn from the reaction zone.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for continuously removing polymer from a pressurized loop olefin polymerization reactor containing a slurry of polymer particles and fluids. The slurry is continuously discharged from polymer-rich zones of the reactor and enters one or a series of non-cyclonic flash vessels, in which the particles separate from the fluid. The flash vessel has a conical bottom in which a minimum level of polymer is maintained for a dynamic seal between the inlet and outlet.

Abstract: A liquid phase polymerization process for preparing low molecular weight, highly reactive polyisobutylene. The process includes the steps of providing a feedstock containing isobutylene and a catalyst composition made up of a complex of BF3 and a complexing agent. The feedstock and the catalyst composition are introduced into a residual reaction mixture in a reaction zone where the residual reaction mixture, the feedstock and the catalyst composition are intimately intermixed so as to present an intimately intermixed reaction admixture in said reaction zone. The intimately intermixed reaction admixture is maintained in its intimately intermixed condition and kept at a temperature of at least about 0° C. while the same is in the reaction zone, whereby the isobutylene therein is polymerized to form polyisobutylene having a high degree of terminal unsaturation. A product stream is withdrawn from the reaction zone.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for the preparation of isoolefin copolymers in the presence of zirconium halides or hafnium halides or mixtures thereof and organic nitro compounds, especially for the preparation of butyl rubbers, as well as isoolefin copolymers composed of isobutene, isoprene and, optionally, further monomers.

Abstract: Polyisobutylene (PIB) functionalized with terminal reactive unsaturation is disclosed. Carbocationically polymerized monohalogen-terminated PIB is dehydrohalogenated in a hydrocarbon solvent using an alkoxide of the formula RO-M wherein R is alkyl of at least 5 carbon atoms and M is alkali metal. The PIB obtained has terminal unsaturation which is 100% in the reactive ‘exo’ form which can be converted to succinic anhydride groups (PIB-SA) by the ene reaction with maleic anhydride. The PIB-SA is reactive with amine functional dendrimers to obtain a star-branched polymer having a dendrimer core and PIB branches joined by succinimide linkages. Blends of the star-branched polymer with polypropylene have improved energy absorption properties and controllable moisture/oxygen permeabilities useful in films.

Abstract: A relatively low molecular weight, mid-range vinylidene content PIB polymer product and a process for making the same. At least about 90% of the PIB molecules present in the product comprise alpha or beta position isomers. The vinylidene (alpha) isomer content of the product may range from 20% to 70% thereof and the content of tetra-substituted internal double bonds is very low, preferably less than about 5% and ideally less than about 1-2%. The midrange vinylidene content PIB polymer products are prepared by a liquid phase polymerization process conducted in a loop reactor at a temperature of at least 60° F. using a BF3/methanol catalyst complex and a contact time of no more than 4 minutes.

Abstract: A novel liquid phase polymerization process for preparing a polyolefin product having preselected properties is disclosed. The process includes the steps of providing a liquid feedstock which contains an olefinic component and a catalyst composition consisting of a stable complex of BF3 and a complexing agent therefor. The feedstock may comprise any one or more of a number of olefins including branched olefins such as isobutylene, C3 to C15 linear alpha olefins and C4 to C15 reactive non-alpha olefins. The feedstock and the catalyst composition are introduced into a residual reaction mixture recirculating in a loop reactor reaction zone provided in the tube side of a shell and tube heat exchanger at a recirculation rate sufficient to cause intimate intermixing of the residual reaction mixture, the added feedstock and the added catalyst composition.

Abstract: Isobutene polymerization process wherein a property P (viscosity or average molecular weight) of the polyisobutene product is maintained constant. The polymerization is conducted continuously in a reactor comprising a boiling liquid reaction phase in equilibrium with a gas phase, by continuous introduction into the reactor of a catalyst and of a C4 hydrocarbon feed mixture comprising the monomer, and by continuous withdrawal from the reactor of the liquid reaction phase. The process comprises the determination of a target value V of the partial pressure, PiC4, of the isobutene in the reactor gas phase corresponding to the desired value of the property P, by virtue of an empirical relationship established beforehand between the property P of the polyisobutene product and PiC4.

Abstract: A novel liquid phase polymerization process for preparing a polyolefin product having preselected properties is disclosed. The process includes the steps of providing a liquid feedstock which contains an olefinic component and a catalyst composition consisting of a stable complex of BF3 and a complexing agent therefor. The feedstock may comprise any one or more of a number of olefins including branched olefins such as isobutylene, C3 to C15 linear alpha olefins and C4 to C15 reactive non-alpha olefins. The feedstock and the catalyst composition are introduced into a residual reaction mixture recirculating in a loop reactor reaction zone provided in the tube side of a shell and tube heat exchanger at a recirculation rate sufficient to cause intimate intermixing of the residual reaction mixture, the added feedstock and the added catalyst composition.

Abstract: Polyisobutenes are prepared by the continuous preparation process, by polymerizing isobutene in the presence of a catalyst comprising boron trifluoride and at least one cocatalyst in an inert organic solvent, a) a part of the reaction mixture obtained thereby being discharged continuously from the polymerization reactor, b) the catalyst being separated from the discharge and/or being deactivated in the discharge, and c) the solvent and any unconverted isobutene being separated from the discharge and recycled to the polymerization reactor, wherein the recycled solvent and, if present, the isobutene are subjected to a wash with water before recycling to the polymerization reactor and are then dried.

Abstract: A process for producing an isobutylene block copolymer, which comprises performing cationic polymerization of a monomer component containing isobutylene as a major monomer and a monomer component whose major monomer is not isobutylene in the presence of an initiator, wherein the polymerization is carried out in a mixed solvent containing a monohalogenated hydrocarbon solvent and a non-halogenated hydrocarbon solvent the monohalogenated hydrocarbon solvent containing a primary monohalogenated hydrocarbon having three to eight carbon atoms and/or a secondary monohalogenated hydrocarbon having three to eight carbon atoms, the non-halogenated hydrocarbon solvent containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon and/or an aromatic hydrocarbon.

Abstract: The present invention has for its object to produce an isobutylene polymer having excellent performance characteristics by suppressing side reactions at the polymer growth termini during polymerization.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new improved catalyst to produce random copolymers of one or more iso-olefin monomers and one or more para-alkylstyrene monomers. The invention also relates to an improved continuous slurry polymerization process to produce random copolymers using the improved catalyst system. The process is carried out in an anhydrous polymerization system containing a mixture of the monomers in a polar solvent along with a Lewis acid and a stabilizing initiator.

Abstract: Amidoalkanesulfonic acids are prepared by reacting a molar excess of an unsaturated nitrile, a source of SO3, and an olefin, in a substantially non-aqueous medium, and transferring the crude reaction product containing amidoalkanesulfonic acid, without substantial purification steps, into an apparatus for incorporation of the amidoalkanesulfonic acid into a copolymer.

Abstract: A process for preparing halogen-free, reactive polyisobutene having a terminal double bond content of more than 50 mol % and an average molecular weight Mn of 280-10000 dalton by the cationic polymerization in the liquid phase of isobutene or hydrocarbon mixtures comprising isobutene comprises polymerizing at from −30° C. to +40° C. in the presence of a heterogeneous polymerisation catalyst comprising one or more oxides of the elements of transition groups V and VI of the Periodic Table of the Elements or in the presence of a heterogeneous polymerization catalyst comprising one or more oxidic compounds of one or more elements of transition groups V and VI of the Periodic Table of the Elements supported on a non-zeolitic oxidic support material which is not an oxygen-containing zirconium compound, the catalyst not containing a technically effective amount of halogen.

Abstract: A laminate containing a polyolefin resin composition containing ethylene-&agr;-olefin copolymer having: (A) a density d of 0.86 to 0.96 g/cm3; (B) a melt flow rate MFR of 0.01 to 200 g/10 min; (C) a molecular weight distribution Mw/Mn of 1.5 to 4.5; (D) a composition distribution parameter Cb of 1.08 to 2.00; and (E) an orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X (wt %), at 25° C. a density of d (g/cm3) and a melt flow rate MFR (g/10 min) satisfying that: (i) when the density (d) and the melt flow rate MFR satisfy relationship (I): d−0.008×log MFR≧0.93  (I)  the orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X satisfies relationship (II): X<2.0  (II) (ii) when the density d and the melt flow rate MFR satisfy relationship (III): d−0.008×log MFR<0.93  (II)  the orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X satisfies relationship (IV): X<9.8×103×(0.9300−d+0.008×log MFR)2+2.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for the preparation of isoolefin copolymers in the presence of zirconium halides or hafnium halides or mixtures thereof and organic nitro compounds, especially for the preparation of butyl rubbers, as well as isoolefin copolymers composed of isobutene, isoprene and, optionally, further monomers.

Abstract: Polymeric compositions of matter are described comprising olefin polymer chains having Mn of about 400 to 75,000, a ratio of vinyl groups to total olefin groups according to the formula 1 vinyl ⁢   ⁢ groups olefin ⁢   ⁢ groups ≥ [ comonomer ⁢   ⁢ mole ⁢   ⁢ percentage + 0.

Abstract: A process for preparing low molecular weight, highly reactive polyisobutylene having an average molecular weight Mn of from 500 to 5000 Dalton and a terminal double bond content of more than 80 mol % by polymerization in the liquid phase of isobutene or hydrocarbon streams comprising isobutane [sic] with the aid of a boron trifluoride complex catalyst at from −40 to 20° C. and at from 1 to 20 bar comprises a) polymerizing until the residual isobutene content of the reaction mixture is less than 2% by weight, based on isobutene introduced, or removing residual isobutene towards the end of the polymerization until the residual isobutene content is less than 2% by weight, b) enriching the boron trifluoride complex catalyst which is obtained in the form of droplets in the disperse and/or coherent phase, c) recycling the complex-enriched phases to the polymerization and d) compensating for catalyst losses by adding boron trifluoride and, if necessary, complexing agents.

Abstract: A process for preparing a butyl polymer having a weight average molecular weight of at least about 400,000. The process comprises the step of contacting a C4 to C8 monoolefin monomers with a C4 to C14 multiolefin monomer at a temperature in the range of from about −100° C. to about +50° C. in the presence of an aliphatic hydrocarbon diluent and a catalyst mixture comprising a major amount of a dialkylalumium halide, a minor amount of a monoalkylaluminum dihalide, and a minute amount of at least one of a member selected from the group comprising water, aluminoxane and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metal-free cyclopentadienide compound which, in conjunction with a metallocene, is able to form a catalyst system that can be used for the polymerization of olefins. It is thus possible to dispense with the use of methylaluminoxane (MAO) or boron-containing compounds as co-catalyst and nevertheless achieve a high degree of catalytic activity. The invention relates also to a process for the preparation of the metal-free cyclopentadienide compound and to the use thereof as a catalyst component in the preparation of polyolefins.

Abstract: A process for preparing halogen-free, reactive polyisobutene having a terminal double bond content of more than 60 mol % and an average molecular weight Mn of 800-3000 dalton by cationic polymerization in the liquid phase of isobutene over an acidic, essentially halogen-free heterogeneous catalyst, where a) a hydrocarbon mixture of essentially C4-hydrocarbons comprising isobutene in an amount of from 10 to 80% by weight is used as the starting material and b) polymerization is carried out continuously at from −30 to 0° C. with average starting material residence times of one hour or less, where the temperature and the residence time are selected such that the isobutene conversion is less than 60% and, after separation from the resulting polyisobutene, the isobutene is either enriched in the partially converted hydrocarbon mixture and returned to the polymerization or passed to another isobutene reaction coupled with the polymerization.

Abstract: A continuous, solvent-free process for obtaining solvent-free, fine white powders of high molecular weight alternating terpolymers of maleic anhydride, a C1-C4 alkyl vinyl ether and isobutylene, without odor or taste.

Abstract: Pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) polymers, especially low Tg, high tack, nonpolar and polar polymers useful in formulating PSA can be solubilized or dispersed in a supercritical fluid (SCF), such as liquid CO2 or supercritical CO2, using an organic cosolvent such as toluene. PSA polymers can be polymerized in SCF fluids to make unique adhesive products. Inclusion of a fluorinated reactant in the SCF polymerization process yields a PSA with improved resistance to mineral oil.

Abstract: The invention is directed to essentially saturated hydrocarbon polymer composition comprising essentially saturated hydrocarbon polymers having A) a backbone chain, B) a plurality of essentially hydrocarbyl sidechains connected to A), said sidechains each having a number-average molecular weight of from 2500 Daltons to 125,000 Daltons and a MWD by SEC of 1.0-3.5; and having A) a Newtonian limiting viscosity (&eegr;0) at 190° C. at least 50% greater than that of a linear olefinic polymer of the same chemical composition and weight average molecular weight, preferably at least twice as great as that of said linear polymer, B) a ratio of the rubbery plateau modulus at 190° C. to that of a linear polymer of the same chemical composition less than 0.5, preferably <0.3, C) a ratio of the Newtonian limiting viscosity (&eegr;0) to the absolute value of the complex viscosity in oscillatory shear (&eegr;*)at 100 rad/sec at 190° C.

Abstract: The present application relates to a process for the continuous polymerization of isobutene while maintaining at a constant desired value a property P (viscosity or average molecular mass) of the polymer produced. The polymerization is conducted in a reactor comprising a boiling liquid reaction phase which contains the monomer and the polymer being formed, in equilibrium with a gas phase on top of the said liquid phase, by continuous introduction into the reactor of a catalyst and of a C4 hydrocarbon feed mixture comprising the monomer, and by continuous withdrawal from the reactor of the liquid reaction phase, which is subsequently subjected continuously to at least one purification step which is intended to isolate the polyisobutene produced.

Abstract: The present invention has its object to provide an isobutylene group block copolymer containing a highly reactive alkenyl group with a high rate of introduction of an alkenyl, and process for producing the same. An alkenyl-group-containing isobutylene group block copolymer comprising a polymer block derived from (a) a monomer component containing isobutylene group as a predominant monomer and (b) a monomer component not containing isobutylene group as a predominant monomer, in which said block copolymer has an alkenyl group of the following general formula (1).

Abstract: Calcined ammonium salts of phosphotungstic acid salts are used to polymerize C2-C30 &agr;-olefins and derivatives thereof to form highly reactive products having a high content of terminal vinylidene groups and &bgr;-isomers in resonance therewith.

Abstract: The invention is directed to essentially saturated hydrocarbon polymer composition comprising essentially saturated hydrocarbon polymers having A) a backbone chain; B) a plurality of essentially hydrocarbyl sidechains connected to A), said sidechains each having a number-average molecular weight of from 2500 Daltons to 125,000 Daltons and a MWD by SEC of 1.0-3.5; and having A) a Newtonian limiting viscosity (&eegr;0) at 190° C. at least 50% greater than that of a linear olefinic polymer of the same chemical composition and weight average molecular weight, preferably at least twice as great as that of said linear polymer, B) a ratio of the rubbery plateau modulus at 190° C. to that of a linear polymer of the same chemical composition less than 0.5, preferably <0.3, C) a ratio of the Newtonian limiting viscosity (&eegr;0) to the absolute value of the complex viscosity in oscillatory shear (&eegr;*)at 100 rad/sec at 190° C.

Abstract: A cationic catalyst composition comprising a reactive cation and a compatible non-coordinating anion is preferably used at a temperature of 20° C. or less to produce olefin polymers, particularly polymers and copolymers of isobutylene.

Abstract: Ionic liquids function as the initiator or as a co-solvent for the production of very high molecular weight polyisobutylenes, e.g., having a weight-average molecular weight over 100,000. These ionic liquids may be characterized by the general formula A+B− where A+ represents any stable inorganic or organic cation and B− represents any stable organic or inorganic anion.

Abstract: This invention relates to olefin polymerization processes suitable for limiting or eliminating aromatic solvents or diluents. The invention processes can be conducted by contacting polymerizable olefin monomers with catalyst complexes of Group 3-11 metal cations and noncoordinating or weakly coordinating anions bound directly to the surfaces of finely divided substrate particles or to polymer chains capable of effective suspension or solvation in polymerization solvents or diluents under polymerization conditions. These processes minimize problems associated with using largely insoluble organometallic or organometalloid catalysts and cocatalysts in aliphatic, solution, or diluent polymerization processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to radiation curable compositions comprising at least one metallocene polyolefin. The radiation curable compositions are useful for a variety of applications, particularly as coatings and adhesives. The radiation curable composition may comprise a single metallocene polyolefin, or blend thereof. The ultraviolet curable compositions further comprise at least one photoinitiator and/or at least one photoinduced coupling agent. For pressure sensitive adhesive applications, the radiation curable composition also preferably comprises other ingredients such as a tackifying resins and plasticizers.

Abstract: Maghnia or Mostaganem bentonites, are activated by contacting the Maghnia or Mostaganem bentonite with an acid solution of selected concentration and then drying the Maghnia or Mostaganem bentonite to form an activated bentonite catalyst. This activated bentonite catalyst may be used to polymerize a vinyl, acrylic, cyclic ether, aldehyde, lactone or olefin monomer. In a further embodiment, a perflourinated amine or diamine is synthesized by contacting a Maghnia or Mostaganem bentonite with an acid solution of selected concentration, drying the Maghnia or Mostaganem bentonite, and absorbing a secondary amine with the Maghnia or Mostaganem bentonite to form a perflouroamide iodide salt. The perflouramide idodide salt can then be extracted with a polar solvent and neutralized by the use of a basic solution.

Abstract: A new class of initiators for inducing the cationic polymerization of olefins was discovered. These initiators, in conjunction with Lewis acids as coinitiators, effectively initiate the carbocationic polymerization of olefins.

Abstract: Solid acids are used as catalysts for the polymerization of a feed stream containing at least one of pure monomer, C5 monomers, and C9 monomers to produce hydrocarbon resins. Freely-associated water may be removed from the solid acid catalyst prior to use. Resins with softening points (Ring and Ball) in the range of about 5° C. to 170° C. can be prepared. These catalysts offer advantages over the traditional Friedel-Crafts polymerization catalysts since the acid sites are an integral part of the solid. The solid acid catalysts are relatively nonhazardous, reusable catalysts which eliminate or at least reduce contamination of the resulting resin products with acid residues or by-products.

Abstract: Fluorinated solid acids and supported fluorinated solid acids are used as catalysts for the polymerization of a feed stream containing at least one of pure monomer, C5 monomers, and C9 monomers to produce hydrocarbon resins. Freely-associated water may be removed from the fluorinated solid acid catalyst and/or supported fluorinated solid acid catalyst prior to use. Resins with softening points (Ring and Ball) in the range of about 5° C. to 170° C. can be prepared. These catalysts offer advantages over the traditional Friedel-Crafts polymerization catalysts since the acid sites are an integral part of the solid. The fluorinated solid acid catalysts and supported fluorinated solid acid catalysts are relatively nonhazardous, reusable catalysts which eliminate or at least reduce contamination of the resulting resin products with acid residues or by-products.