Polymerization Involving Specified Mixing, Stirring, Agitating, Or Movement Of Material Patents (Class 526/88)
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Patent number: 5264506Abstract: A process for producing sticky polymers at polymerization reaction temperatures in excess of the softening temperatures of the sticky polymers in a fluidized bed reactor in the presence of an inert particulate material which comprises utilizing as a support material for the catalyst, a support which includes silica having an average particle size of from about 60 to about 200 microns.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1992Date of Patent: November 23, 1993Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology CorporationInventors: Ronald S. Eisinger, Fathi D. Hussein, David N. Edwards, Kiu H. Lee
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Patent number: 5258473Abstract: Finely divided, water-soluble polymers are prepared by polymerization of water-soluble, monoethylenically unsaturated monomers in not less than 20% strength by weight aqueous solution in the presence of a polymerization initiator in a kneader by a process in which from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total monomers, of a surfactant are used in the polymerization, the polymerization initially being carried out to a conversion of the monomers of not less than 60% in the absence of the surfactant or in the presence of not more than 50% of the amount of surfactant, and the remaining amount of surfactant then being added to the reaction mixture and the polymerization completed. The addition of surfactant causes the polymer gel to disintegrate with formation of fine particles.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1991Date of Patent: November 2, 1993Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Manfred Niessner, Stefan Wickel, Walter Schneider, Juergen Beck, Heinrich Hartmann, Thomas Meyer
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Patent number: 5254647Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing a styrene-based polymer having syndiotactic configuration, which comprises continuously polymerizing styrene or styrene-based derivatives in a self-cleaning type reactor, while providing a sufficient shearing force to maintain a polydispersive state at a temperature of not more than 120.degree. C.According to the present invention, a styrene-based polymer having syndiotactic configuration can be produced efficiently and continuously, without adhesion of the polymer to the reactor and agitation blades.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 1991Date of Patent: October 19, 1993Assignee: Idemitsu Petrochemichal Co., Ltd.Inventors: Koji Yamamoto, Kazutoshi Ishikawa, Hideki Imabayashi, Takashi Izumi
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Patent number: 5250640Abstract: A method for the production of a particulate hydrogel polymer by the exposure of a hydrogel polymer possessing a cross-linked structure to shear force in a vessel thereby finely dividing said hydrogel polymer, which method comprises exerting shear force repeatedly on said hydrogel polymer while keeping said hydrogel polymer at a temperature in the range of from 40.degree. to 110.degree. C. under a mechanical pressure in the range of from 0.01 to 1.5 kg/cm.sup.2, and method for the production of an absorbent resin comprising drying the resultant particulate hydrogel polymer.Type: GrantFiled: April 9, 1992Date of Patent: October 5, 1993Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yoshio Irie, Takumi Hatsuda, Koichi Yonemura, Kazumasa Kimura
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Patent number: 5235009Abstract: Processes are disclosed for the vapor phase polymerization of gaseous monomers, particularly olefins such as propylene and ethylene. A gaseous stream containing at least one gaseous monomer is passed upwardly through a series of fluidized bed reaction zones of successively smaller diameter. A polymerization catalyst is introduced into an uppermost one of said zones. The gaseous monomer is polymerized to form solid polymer particles which are a part of a fluidized bed in each zone, and which flow downwardly through the series of reaction zones, thereby decreasing a volumetric flow rate of the upwardly flowing gaseous stream as the stream moves upward. A velocity of the upwardly flowing gaseous stream is maintained at a sufficient level to fluidize the fluidized bed in each successive zone at least partially by means of the smaller diameter of each successive zone. Techniques are disclosed for dividing zones into subzones thus multiplying the effective number of stages of the reactor.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 1989Date of Patent: August 10, 1993Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: John P. Hogan
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Patent number: 5229472Abstract: An improved process for the anionic extruder polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds in the presence of an organoalkali metal compound initiator employs relatively high reaction temperatures but relatively short residence times in the extruder.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1992Date of Patent: July 20, 1993Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Frederik L. Binsbergen, Ulrich Berghaus, Willem Sjardijn
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Patent number: 5208109Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for polymerizing or copolymerizing alpha-olefins comprising, on the one hand, a prepolymerization stage by contacting one or more alpha-olefins with a Ziegler catalyst system consisting of a solid catalyst containing essentially atoms of halogen, magnesium and transition metal, and a co-catalyst consisting of an organometallic compound, and, on the other hand, a polymerization or copolymerization stage in a gas phase process by means of a fluidized bed, by contacting one or more alpha-olefins with the prepolymer produced in the first stage, process characterized in that the alpha-olefin prepolymer and polymer or copolymer are in the form of a powder consisting of particles having specific values for the transition metal content and the mean diameter by mass, and characterized in that the particle size distribution of the prepolymer is narrow and easily controlled.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1991Date of Patent: May 4, 1993Assignee: BP Chemicals LimitedInventors: Jean C. Bailly, Laszlo Havas, Stylianos Sandis, Alain Blaya, Pierre Crouzet
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Patent number: 5202396Abstract: A process for feeding a powder catalyst with a gas intermittently to a high-pressure fluidized bed reactor for the vapor phase polymerization of olefin, wherein the cross section of a catalyst feed pipe is reduced midway through the pipe to thereby make continual catalyst feeding possible and prevent the formation of a lump polymer.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 1992Date of Patent: April 13, 1993Assignee: Nippon Petrochemicals Company, LimitedInventors: Kunimichi Kubo, Motokazu Watanabe, Mamoru Yoshikawa, Masatoshi Morikawa, Yoshihisa Yamaguchi
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Patent number: 5200477Abstract: A process for preventing agglomeration of sticky polymers in a polymerization system which comprises adding to said polymerization system about 0.3 to about 80 weight percent based on the weight of the final product of an inert particulate material having an organo-modified polydimethylsiloxane (OM-PDMS) surface coating thereon.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 1991Date of Patent: April 6, 1993Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology CorporationInventors: Edgar C. Baker, George N. Foster, Aaron S. Rhee
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Patent number: 5194526Abstract: An improvement in the process for producing sticky polymers in a fluidized bed reactor catalyzed by a transition metal catalyst in the presence of an inert particulate material prone to generate excessive negative charges in said reactor, by conducting the process in the presence of a composition comprising a mixture of an alcohol phosphate salt and a quarternary ammonium salt, which is dissolved in a suitable solvent.Type: GrantFiled: July 30, 1992Date of Patent: March 16, 1993Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology CorporationInventors: Fathi D. Hussein, Kiu H. Lee
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Patent number: 5194525Abstract: A process for producing a styrenic copolymer for injection molding or extrusion molding by continuous mass polymerization of a styrenic monomer with a polymerizable unsaturated fatty acid, charcterized by using a polymerization apparatus comprising a circulation polymerization line (I) in which a tubular reactor with plural mixing elements fixed therein is incorporated, said mixing elements having no mobile parts, and a second non-circulation polymerization line (II) provided in succession to said circulation polymerization line (I), in which a tubular reactor with plural mixing elements fixed therein is incorporated, said mixing elements having no mobile parts; and supplementing the polymerizable unsaturated fatty acid to at least two spots of the second non-circulation polymerization line (II).Type: GrantFiled: August 6, 1991Date of Patent: March 16, 1993Assignee: Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Yoshikiyo Miura, Kyotaro Shimazu
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Patent number: 5191040Abstract: A process for producing a styrenic polymer suitable for making molded products which has excellent quality without a decrease in the productivity. The process comprises feeding a compound consisting essentially of a styrenic monomer to 2 to 6 units of reactors connected in series and carrying out a bulk polymerization at a reaction temperature of 90.degree. to 200.degree. C. and a difference of reaction temperatures among the units of reactors of not more than 40.degree. C. and in the presence of 10 to 450 ppm by weight of an organic peroxide represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents a tertiary alkyl group or a tertiary aralkyl group, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms, the styrenic polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 30.times.10.sup.4 to 70.times.10.sup.4 and a ratio of weight average molecular weight (Mw) to number average molecular weight (Mn of not more than 3.0.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 1992Date of Patent: March 2, 1993Assignee: Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Ryozo Okumura, Kiichi Izumida
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Patent number: 5187246Abstract: An improved polymerization process for making essentially non-agglomerated ethylene polymers, especially EPR polymers, based on the use of a high activity vanadium catalyst, which utilizes an alkylated metal chain transfer agent to moderate the kinetics of the polymerization reaction so as to avoid formation of an undesirable amount of agglomerated polymer.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 1990Date of Patent: February 16, 1993Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology CorporationInventors: Edgar C. Baker, Francis G. Stakem, Allen Noshay, Kiu H. Lee, Arthur E. Marcinkowsky
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Patent number: 5187245Abstract: A method of addition of polymerization initiator in the process of suspension polymerization or emulsion polymerization polymerizing a polymerizable monomer in aqueous medium, comprising introducing a low-temperature-active polymerization initiator taking part in the polymerization reaction to a piping system filled beforehand with water and successively adding said initiator in the piping system to polymerization system within 20 minutes using water.Type: GrantFiled: January 2, 1992Date of Patent: February 16, 1993Assignee: Tosoh CorporationInventors: Tatsumi Nakamura, Mineo Nagano
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Patent number: 5183866Abstract: A polymerization process wherein monomers are polymerized in liquid diluent to produce a liquid slurry containing particles of normally solid polymers, periodically opening a product takeoff port to allow a charge of liquid slurry to flow into an elongated confined zone including a flash line heater and then into a flash chamber wherein the lighter components are separated from the polymer. The process is particularly characterized by the fact the elongated confined zone is constructed such that the flow time of the charge of slurry in the flash line heater is equal to at least about 25 percent of the time between the time of the closing of the settling valve and the next opening of the settling valve.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 1989Date of Patent: February 2, 1993Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: John D. Hottovy
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Patent number: 5171541Abstract: Process for discharging solid particulate products present in a fluidized bed reactor in which the polymerization or copolymerization of alpha-olefins is carried out, in a system consisting of a vessel connected to the reactor by way of a pipe provided with a first valve and connected to a reservoir situated downstream by way of a pipe provided with a second valve, the said method being characterized in that:the two valves consist of continuously rotating plug, valves, these valves being moved in such a way that the two valves are not open at the same time, even partly, and the volume of the vessel comprises between 1/10 and 1/000, and preferably between 1/100 and 1/500 of the volume of fluidized solid contained in the reactor.Type: GrantFiled: May 14, 1991Date of Patent: December 15, 1992Assignee: BP Chemicals LimitedInventor: Charles Raufast
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Patent number: 5169918Abstract: In a process for the microsuspension or emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride using a polymerization apparatus equipped with an agitator the improvement where the ratio (H/D) of the effective height (H) of the apparatus to the effective inner diameter (D) of the apparatus is 4 or more.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 1990Date of Patent: December 8, 1992Assignee: Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Yoshio Tomishima, Kazuo Dairaku, Takekazu Maeda, Nobuki Toba, Hideyuki Kametani, Keizo Hayashi, Mitsumasa Hasegawa, Masahiro Tsujinaka
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Patent number: 5169913Abstract: This invention relates to a novel horizontal fluid bed reactor, which in a single unit, provides for the polymerization of monomer to polymer and mixed monomers to copolymers. Within one reactor shell the reactor contains a plurality of polymerization stages which permit the achievement of narrow residence time distribution of the produced polymer. This arrangement also creates a sufficiently tight subdivision of the reactor volume which permits a plurality of gas circulation stages of different gas compositions, as well as, polymerization temperatures.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 1991Date of Patent: December 8, 1992Assignee: Procedyne Corp.Inventors: H. Kenneth Staffin, David S. Bruce
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Patent number: 5155185Abstract: The utilization of an air classifier process is effective in separating out fine-sized particles (that is, particles having a size generally less than 75 microns) from a composition of mass produced polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or PVC copolymer resin thereby producing so called normal-sized mass PVC resin particles. Such resultant normal mass PVC resin (fine free) contains very little, if any residual glassy particles and can be utilized for making thermoplastic bottles and other articles requiring low residual vinyl chloride monomer. The removal of the fines also improves the bulk handling characteristics of the normal mass PVC resin. The separated fines constitute a novel blending or extender resin and hence can be utilized in association with a PVC dispersion resin to form a plastisol. The extender resin can also be utilized as a sintering resin, as a drying resin for plasticized dry blends or as an antiblocking resin for PVC compounds.Type: GrantFiled: August 3, 1990Date of Patent: October 13, 1992Assignee: The B. F. Goodrich CompanyInventor: David J. DiRienzo
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Patent number: 5142004Abstract: The invention provides an improved method for the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride to give a polyvinyl chloride resin having excellent properties such as high bulk density, small number of fish-eyes, rapid plasticizer absorption and easy monomer releasability with a decreased amount of polymer scale deposition on the reactor walls. The inventive method characteristically comprises the successive steps of: introducing water as the suspension medium at an elevated temperature of 40.degree. C. or higher, introducing the monomer under agitation to be dispersed into monomer droplets, introducing a partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol, which satisfies several specific physical and chemical requirements, in the form of an aqueous solution and, within 3 minutes thereafter, introducing a monomer-dsoluble polymerization initiator.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 1990Date of Patent: August 25, 1992Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Tadashi Amano, Shigehiro Hoshida
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Patent number: 5140076Abstract: A method of treating the surface of an absorbent resin, which comprises mixing (A) 100 parts by weight of an absorbent resin powder possessing a carboxyl group (B) 0.01 to 30 parts by weight of a cross-linking agent, (C) 0 to 50 parts by weight of water, and (D) 0 to 60 parts by weight of a hydrophilic organic solvent in a high-speed stirring type mixer provided with an inner surface formed substantially of a substrate (I) possessing a contact angle of not less than about 60.degree. with respect to water and a heat distortion point of not lower than about 70.degree. C. and completing reaction of said absorbent resin powder (A) with said cross-linking agent (B).Type: GrantFiled: April 2, 1990Date of Patent: August 18, 1992Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takumi Hatsuda, Kazumasa Kimura, Kinya Nagasuna, Akito Yano
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Patent number: 5138005Abstract: An unsaturated nitrile/conjugated diene copolymer rubber is prepared by an aqueous suspension polymerization of a monomer mixture of a conjugated diene monomer, a nitrile group-containing unsaturated monomer and an optional copolymerizable monomer. The suspension polymerization is carried out in an aqueous medium in a reactor provided with an agitating element under the following conditions:(1) the water/monomer mixture weight ratio is from 0.1 to 4,(2) 0.01 to 5 weight parts, per 100 weight parts of the monomer mixture, of a dispersing agent is used, and(3) the agitating element is rotated under conditions such that the speed (U m/sec) of the tip thereof, expressed by the formula: U=.pi..times.D.times.n, is from 1 to 20, wherein D is diameter (m) of the rotation circle of the agitating element and n is number of revolutions (per second) of the agitating element.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 1991Date of Patent: August 11, 1992Assignee: Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Suguru Tsuji, Hiromi Numata
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Patent number: 5126414Abstract: In accordance with the invention, the process comprises substantially eliminating distributor plate fouling in fluid bed reactor alpha olefin polymerizations, by removing oligomers from the recycle feeds to the fluid bed reactor. In accordance with the invention, the process comprises substantially eliminating gel production in the low pressure production of polymers and copolymers of ethylene. Unexpectedly, the process of the invention, which substantially eliminates distributor plate fouling also results in polymer products which are substantially free of gels.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1991Date of Patent: June 30, 1992Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Quentin S. Cooke, Glyarpuram N. Prasad, John J. Schlueter, Jr., Grace O. Tsien
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Patent number: 5126381Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for producing polymerized beads containing actives such as perfumes and pesticides, by forming droplets from a solution of monomers and the actives. The solution is subjected to ultraviolet light to initiate polymerization. The droplets are caused to fall through a reaction vessel as polymerization continues so as to polymerize substantially spherical beads containing the actives. In one embodiment, the droplets are irradiated as they fall through the reaction vessel. In a second embodiment, the solution is irradiated prior to droplet formation and the fall. The beads are collected and can be cured if necessary. The process is preferably performed in an inert gas environment which most preferably is nitrogen. A nitrogen stream can serve as a carrier for the monomers and active ingredients. The nitrogen environment is maintained in the reaction vessel, and in the curing structure, if present.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 1988Date of Patent: June 30, 1992Assignee: Dow Corning CorporationInventor: Cristina Liscomb
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Patent number: 5124416Abstract: A method for the production of an absorbent polymer by the polymerization of a liquid containing an aqeous hydrophilic monomer solution in a reaction vessel provided with at least one rotary stirring blade, which comprises polymerizing said hydrophilic monomer in a reaction vessel wherein, at least a portion of the inner wall surface of said reaction vessel repeatedly exposed to said aqueous solution or said absorbent polymer and a gas has the surface roughness, R.sub.max, thereof adjusted to not more than 3 .mu.m and at the same time said portion of the inner wall of surface is kept cooled constantly to a temperature of not more than 70.degree. C. from behind said portion with a cooling medium.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 1990Date of Patent: June 23, 1992Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo, Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yoshinobu Haruna, Akito Yano, Yoshio Irie, Teruaki Fujihara
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Patent number: 5122580Abstract: A plastic light conduit of cross-linked polymer material having good light transmitting characteristics, without voids or noticeable bubbles, is disclosed. Also disclosed is a method of manufacture and an apparatus, involving progressive heating of reactive monomer mixture in a tube which is submerged in a progressive reactor utilizing cold oil to maintain a cold, non-reacting zone, and hot water to create a hot zone that causes reaction, while simultaneously carrying away the excess exothermic heat of reaction.Type: GrantFiled: October 11, 1990Date of Patent: June 16, 1992Assignee: Lumenyte International CorporationInventors: Jamshid Zarian, John A. Robbins
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Patent number: 5120805Abstract: A process for the solution polymerization of volatile monomers in a reactor equipped with an agitator to cause splashing and droplet formation to reduce volatile monomer accumulation in the vapor space.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1991Date of Patent: June 9, 1992Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Gary L. Woodson, Brian W. Walther, Brian G. Witt, Gary R. Marchand
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Patent number: 5116915Abstract: A method is disclosed for controlling the polymerization process of olefinic hydrocarbons in an inert solvent which provides continuous control of Mooney viscosity and molecular weight distribution of the obtained polymer. In the disclosed method, means (4, 5) are included for measuring the temperature of a polymer solution in different parts of a reactor (1) provided with agitation (2), as well as means (6) for measuring the dynamic or kinematic viscosity of the polymer solution and means (7) for measuring the polymer concentration in the solution. A valve (8) mounted on the catalyst feed line controls the catalyst flow rate. A computer (9) is used to control the entire process by calculating the Mooney viscosity from the dynamic viscosity and polymer concentration and adjusting the process parameters as necessary to achieve a pre-set Mooney viscosity.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 1987Date of Patent: May 26, 1992Assignee: GiprokautchukInventors: Ulchar A. O. Mamedov, Anatolyi E. Tokar, George J. Elbaum
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Patent number: 5106926Abstract: A process for preparing ethylene/1-octene copolymers using a titanium based catalyst system under defined polymerization conditions.Type: GrantFiled: December 11, 1990Date of Patent: April 21, 1992Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology CorporationInventors: Ronald S. Eisinger, Kiu H. Lee
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Patent number: 5100978Abstract: Polyethylene and copolymers of predominant amounts of ethylene and minor amounts of comonomers which are polymerizable with ethylene are obtainable by free radical polymerization of the monomers under from 1,500 to 5,000 bar and at from 40.degree. to 250.degree. C. by means of an initiator with virtually complete exclusion of oxygen in not less than n=3 polymerization stages, by a method in which, in the first stage, the total amount of the predominant part of the monomers are subjected to polymerization using some of the initiator required, until said polymerization comes virtually to a stop, thereafter a further part of the initiator and, if required, of the monomers are added to the mixture, which has been cooled by 20.degree.-60.degree. C., and this process is repeated in the subsequent stages until the n th stage, with the proviso that the initiators used in the (n-1) th stage have a half-life temperature of from 80.degree. to 160.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 1990Date of Patent: March 31, 1992Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Norbert Hasenbein, Wolfgang Ball, Juergen Schmidt-Theummes, Gernot Koehler
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Patent number: 5100979Abstract: A process comprising contacting a mixture comprising ethylene and 1-octene in the gas phase, in a fluidized bed reactor, under polymerization conditions, with a catalyst system comprising:(a) the reaction product of a vanadium compound and an electron donor impregnated into an inorganic support;(b) a halocarbon promoter; and(c) a hydrocarbyl aluminum cocatalyst with the following proviso:(i) the partial pressure of ethylene is in the range of about 50 to about 90 psi;(ii) the partial pressure of 1-octene is in the range of about 1.5 to about 2.5 psi;(iii) the temperature in the reactor is in the range of about 5.degree. C. to about 20.degree. C. above the dew point of 1-octene;(iv) the molar ratio of 1-octene to ethylene is in the range of about 0.02:1 to about 0.04:1; and, optionally,(v) the superficial gas velocity is in the range of about 1.4 to about 2.7 feet per second.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1990Date of Patent: March 31, 1992Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology CorporationInventors: Ronald S. Eisinger, Kiu H. Lee
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Patent number: 5098993Abstract: A method for purifying a crude high-molecular weight substance containing an alkali metal compound by extracting the alkali metal compound with water is disclosed, which comprises stirring a mixture comprising said crude high-molecular weight substance and water in a high-speed stirring tank to extract the alkali metal compound into an aqueous phase and separating the high-molecular weight substance phase and the aqueous phase from each other by continuous centrifugation. An alkali metal compound as an impurity can be efficiently removed with small-sized equipment in a short time.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 1990Date of Patent: March 24, 1992Assignee: Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Norio Kawanami, Yoshiaki Ikeda, Yoshio Tomishima
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Patent number: 5093440Abstract: A method for producing a vinyl chloride resin, which comprises suspension-polymerizing vinyl chloride, or a mixture of vinyl chloride with a co-monomer copolymerizable therewith, in an aqueous medium in the presence of an oil-soluble polymerization catalyst, a dispersant and an emulsifier by means of a homogenizer under an emulsifying pressure within a range of from 5 to 50 kg/cm.sup.2 in such a state that the organic phase is dispersed in the aqueous phase.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1990Date of Patent: March 3, 1992Assignee: Mitsubishi Kasei Vinyl CompanyInventor: Katsunori Takeuchi
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Patent number: 5091503Abstract: A continuous polymerization device is equipped with a stirring mechanism which possesses a drive shaft parallel to the direction of flow, a multiple number of polymerization precursor supply ports in the direction of flow, and at least one polymerization product output port at its latter portion, and possessing mixing capability with respect to the radial direction while possessing no actual mixing capability with respect to the direction of flow, in a continuous polymerization device which functions by piston flow.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 1989Date of Patent: February 25, 1992Assignee: Kao CorporationInventors: Hiroshi Inatome, Kazunari Inaguma, Hiroaki Yamaguchi, Yasuhisa Ohtani
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Patent number: 5087522Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for polymerizing or copolymerizing alpha-olefins comprising, on the one hand, a prepolymerization stage by contacting one or more alpha-olefins with a Ziegler catalyst system consisting of a solid catalyst containing essentially atoms of halogen, magnesium and transition metal, and a co-catalyst consisting of an organomatellic compound, and, on the other hand, a polymerization or copolymerization stage in a gas phase process by means of a fluidized bed, by contacting one or more alpha-olefins with the prepolymer produced in the first stage, process characterized in that the alpha-olefin prepolymer and polymer or copolymer are in the form of a powder consisting of particules having specific values for the transition metal content and the mean diameter by mass, and characterized in that the particle size distribution of the prepolymer is narrow and easily controlled.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 1990Date of Patent: February 11, 1992Assignee: BP Chemicals LimitedInventors: Jean C. Bailly, Laszlo Havas, Stylianos Sandis, Alain Blaya, Pierre Crouzet
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Patent number: 5077358Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the start up of polymerization or copolymerization in the gas phase by bringing the said alpha-olefins in contact under polymerization or copolymerization conditions in a fluidized bed and/or with mechanical stirring with a charge powder, in the presence of a catalyst system of the Ziegler-Natta type, this process being characterized in that the charge powder used is previously dehydrated and subjected to a treatment by bringing the said charge powder into contact with an organoaluminum compound for a period of at least five minutes, so that the polymerization or copolymerization starts up immediately after the contracting of the alpha-olefins with the charge powder in the presence of the catalyst system.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 1991Date of Patent: December 31, 1991Assignee: BP Chemicals LimitedInventors: Daniel C. Durand, Frederic R. M. M. Morterol, Stylianos Sandis
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Patent number: 5061741Abstract: A method for preparing an oil-in-water type uniform dispersion of liquid droplets, which comprises ejecting into an aqueous medium containing a dispersion stabilizer, which forms a continuous phase and moves upwards, a hydrophobic liquid having a specific gravity smaller than the aqueous medium, through a nozzle plate having a plurality of perforations capable of ejecting the hydrophobic liquid upwards, to form liquid droplets of the hydrophobic liquid in the aqueous medium, wherein a nozzle plate having a number of perforations for ejection arranged in a ring form is used as said nozzle plate, and a polymerization method for preparing polymer beads of uniform particle size, which comprises applying the method for preparing an oil-in-water type uniform dispersion of liquid droplets.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 1990Date of Patent: October 29, 1991Assignee: Mitsubishi Kasei CorporationInventors: Eiji Miyata, Kiyoto Ando, Hiroshi Maeda, Hiroshi Arataki, Seiji Sudo
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Patent number: 5047488Abstract: Vinyl polymers, e.g., the homo- and copolyvinyl chlorides, are prepared in one or more stages, to a degree of conversion of at least 50%, by suspended emulsion polymerizing at least one vinyl monomer, e.g., vinyl chloride, said at least one monomer having dispersed therein finely divided droplets of an aqueous solution of at least one component of a polymerization initiating system, and wherein the amount of water in said aqueous solution constitutes at least 19%, and preferably at least 20% by weight of the at least one monomer.Type: GrantFiled: March 17, 1988Date of Patent: September 10, 1991Assignee: AtochemInventors: Pierre Nogues, Francois Erard
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Patent number: 5043404Abstract: A process for the preparation of polymeric particles which comprises mixing at least one monomer with a polymerization initiator, a crosslinking component and a chain transfer component; effecting bulk polymerization until partial polymerization results; dispersing the aforementioned partially polymerized monomer product in water containing a stabilizing component to obtain a suspension of particles in water and polymerizing the resulting suspension.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1989Date of Patent: August 27, 1991Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Hadi K. Mahabadi, Denise Wright
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Patent number: 5041473Abstract: A process for producing polyethylene resins containing carbon black in a gas fluidized bed reactor which comprises introducing into said reactor, polymerizable monomers capable of producing polyethylene resins at polymerizable reaction temperatures in the presence of a catalyst while directly introducing into said reactor during said polymerization, carbon black, in an amount to produce said polyethylene resins containing carbon black.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1990Date of Patent: August 20, 1991Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals and Plastics Technology CorporationInventors: Yimsan Gau, John G. Victor
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Patent number: 5039765Abstract: High density ethylene polymers are prepared by polymerizing the monomers in the presence of a Ziegler catalyst system by a process in which the resulting solid ethylene polymer is reacted in the melt with an additive capable of binding acids by esterification. The ester-forming additives are preferably epoxide compounds.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1989Date of Patent: August 13, 1991Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Roland Saive, Guido Funk, Juergen Schmidt-Thuemmes, Rainer Konrad, Peter Bauer
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Patent number: 5037906Abstract: A high solids polymerization process for producing a water-soluble polymer wherein a mixture of exothermically polymerizable material in water is cooled to produce a cold syrup or crystalline slurry of the polymerizable material in a polymerizable material/water solution and said syrup or slurry is initiated to polymerization wherein the reaction is controlled by absorbing the exothermic heat of polymerization employing the sensible heat and/or the latent heat of fusion of the cooled syrup or slurry as a heat sink. This polymerization process is capable of being carried out in a batch as well as a continuous process.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1990Date of Patent: August 6, 1991Assignee: American CyanamidInventor: William B. Davis
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Patent number: 5037907Abstract: A process for continuously producing a styrene-based polymer having high syndiotactic configuration which comprises continuously introducing a styrene-based monomer into a reactor and polymerizing to while adjusting the amount of the polymer produced in the reactor to at least 10% by weight of the total amount of the unreacted styrene-based monomer and the polymer.According to the present invention, the styrene-based polymer with high syndiotactic configuration is effectively produced with small power consumption.Type: GrantFiled: September 1, 1989Date of Patent: August 6, 1991Assignee: Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hideki Imabayashi, Kazutoshi Ishikawa, Koji Yamamoto, Takashi Izumi
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Patent number: 5028670Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and apparatus for the gas-phase polymerization of olefins in a fluidized-bed reactor maintained at a temperature T1. A gaseous reaction mixture comprising the olefins to be polymerized passes through the reactor and is recycled to the reactor by means of a recycling line comprising successively a first heat transfer means, a compressor and a second heat transfer means. The present invention consists in introducing a readily volatile liquid hydrocarbon into the inlet of the first heat transfer means or into the recycling line, upstream and in the vicinity of the first heat transfer means. The first heat transfer means cools the gaseous reaction mixture to a temperature T2, below T1, while volatilizing the readily volatile hydrocarbon and without condensing a constituent of the gaseous reaction mixture. The second heat transfer means cools the gaseous reaction mixture to a temperature T3, below T2, for maintaining the fluidized-bed at the desired temperature T1.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1989Date of Patent: July 2, 1991Assignee: BP Chemicals LimitedInventors: Jean-Claude Chinh, Andre Dumain
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Patent number: 5019632Abstract: A free-radical initiated process for preparing fluorinated polymers wherein at least one gaseous fluoroolefin is polymerized in a stirred polymerizer, the improvement comprising preparing a non-volatile polymeric seed in a reaction zone separate from the polymerizer by decomposing initiator in the presence of fluoromonomer to form oligomeric free radicals and condensing said radicals onto previously prepared polymer; and conveying said non-volatile seed to the polymerizer.Type: GrantFiled: August 28, 1989Date of Patent: May 28, 1991Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Edgar W. Slocum, Aquiles C. Sobrero, Robert C. Wheland
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Patent number: 5013801Abstract: Polymer having a polymodal MWD ethylene copolymer are prepared by conducting the polymerization in a substantially mix free reactor using an essentially transfer agent free reaction mixture, the reaction being carried out in a manner such that the propagation of essentially all copolymer chains is initiated simultaneously. In carrying out the process of this invention, the catalyst components are premixed and aged prior to introduction into the reactor. The process is preferably carried out in a tubular reactor using VCl.sub.4 and aluminum sesquichloride as the catalyst system.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1988Date of Patent: May 7, 1991Inventors: Charles Cozewith, Shiaw Ju, Gary W. Verstrate
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Patent number: 5011895Abstract: What is described herein is an improved precipitation polymerization process and copolymer products produced thereby. The process herein is carried out by charging a reactor with a solvent in which the copolymer product is substantially insoluble over the entire compositional range of the copolymer, preferably heptane or cyclohexane, and a polymerization initiator, heating to 50.degree. to 150.degree. C., agitating, and then simultaneously feeding selected amounts of a vinyl lactam and a polymerizable carboxylic acid into said reactor below the surface of the solvent while continuing to agitate the mixture to precipitate the copolymer from solution as a fine, white powder, and recovering the copolymer of defined composition.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 1990Date of Patent: April 30, 1991Assignee: GAF Chemicals CorporationInventors: Jenn S. Shih, Terry E. Smith, John Zamora, Minas Economidis
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Patent number: 5010150Abstract: The particle size is controlled in the preparation of hydrophilic polymer powders by polymerization of water-soluble monoethylenically unsaturated monomers in a powder bed in the presence of a polymerization initiator and an inert auxiliary liquid by a method in which a solution of the monomers in an inert auxiliary liquid is divided into fine drops with the aid of a multimaterial nozzle which dips into the powder bed, using an inert gas stream, and the particle size of the resulting polymer powder is regulated by varying the amount of inert gas.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 1989Date of Patent: April 23, 1991Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Karl Hennig, Heinrich Hartmann, Hans-Juergen Raubenheimer
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Patent number: 5002847Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic images and a process for producing the same is disclosed. The process comprises after applying ultrasonic waves to raw materials-mixture comprising addition polymerizable monomer(s), coloring agent(s) and water as indispensable components in the course of charging the raw materials-mixture into a reaction vessel or to a raw materials-mixture in a reaction vessel, at an application amount of from 0.05 to 50 W/l/hr. per unit treating volume and time using an ultrasonic homogenizer having frequencies of from 10 kHz to 50 kHz, subjecting the raw materials-mixture to suspension polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 1989Date of Patent: March 26, 1991Assignee: Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Hiroshi Utsumi, Kinji Shinzo, Kazuya Kuriyama, Ryouzo Sugawara, Masanobu Fukuda, Shunichi Hiraishi
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Patent number: 4994534Abstract: A process for producing sticky polymers at polymerization reaction temperatures in excess of the softening temperature of the sticky polymers in a fluidized bed reactor catalyzed by a transition metal catalyst, which comprises conducting the polymerization reaction above the softening temperatures of the sticky polymers in the presence of about 0.3 to about 60 weight percent, based on the weight of the final product of an inlet particulate material having a mean particle size of from about 0.01 to about 10 micron meters whereby polymer agglomeration of the sticky polymers is maintained at a size suitable for continuously producing the sticky polymers.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 1989Date of Patent: February 19, 1991Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals and Plastics Company Inc.Inventors: Seung J. Rhee, Edgar C. Baker, David N. Edwards, Kiu H. Lee, John H. Moorhouse, Leonard S. Scarola, Frederick J. Karol