Suspending Agents Patents (Class 526/910)
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Patent number: 8859700Abstract: A method for producing a water-absorbent resin having a further reduced odor as compared with a water-absorbent resin obtained by a conventional method as well as a water-absorbent resin produced by the same method, by maintaining the addition rate V from the pouring nozzle for the aqueous solution of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in a polymerization reaction tank not more than 0.30 [min?1], in the first stage polymerization step which is within the step of the conventional method upon performing multi-stages such as two or more stages of reversed-phase suspension polymerizations in a method for producing a water-absorbent resin, and thereby by being able to reduce the amount of the petroleum hydrocarbon dispersion medium remaining in the above water-absorbent resin.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 2011Date of Patent: October 14, 2014Assignee: Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hideki Yokoyama, Sachi Kikuno, Atsushi Heguri, Nobuhiro Maeda
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Patent number: 8063265Abstract: A hydrogel having a floatability where from 40% to 90% of a solution and/or suspension to be thickened are thickened starting from the surface of the liquid and the rest of the solution and/or suspension to be thickened is thickened starting from the bottom of the container, a process for preparing the hydrogel and also its use for absorbing blood and/or body fluids, especially in hygiene articles, or for thickening aqueous solutions and/or suspensions, especially for thickening medical wastes.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 2004Date of Patent: November 22, 2011Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Martin Beck, Volker Frenz, Anna Kowalski, Elisabeth Selzer, Ernst Jürgen Bauer, Harald Keller, Bernhard Steinmetz
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Patent number: 7053161Abstract: A process for producing organic peroxide initiators useful in the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The process for making the organic peroxides includes forming an aqueous emulsion of the organic peroxide. The organic peroxide is dispersed as small droplets of from 1 to 10 microns in size in the aqueous emulsion. The organic peroxide may be added to a polymerization reactor containing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer. The organic peroxide functions as a free radical initiator to polymerize the monomer. The organic peroxide may be substantially free of organic solvents and plasticizers. The resulting polymers are of high quality.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 2005Date of Patent: May 30, 2006Assignee: Oxy Vinyls, L.P.Inventors: Ross J. Cozens, Qi Wang, M. Fredrick V. Glock, Jr., Daniel A. Zust
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Patent number: 7041754Abstract: The present invention relates to an emulsion type modifier for improving properties of the pressure-sensitive emulsion acrylic adhesives. The emulsion type modifier comprises: (a) 15 to 35 parts per hundred of monomers of a diester of a dicarboxylic acid; (b) 15 to 35 parts per hundred of monomers of vinyl esters; (c) 35 to 65 parts per hundred of monomers of alkyl acrylates; based on the total weight of (a)+(b)+(c), and (d) 0.1 to 2.0 parts per hundred of an acetoacetoxy functional monomer; (e) 0.1 to 2.0 parts per hundred of a nonionic surfactant; and (f) 0.4 to 3.0 parts per hundred of an anionic surfactant. By adding the emulsion type modifier of the present invention, the steel adhesion, polyethylene (PE) adhesion, the loop tack and the holding power of the pressure-sensitive emulsion acrylic adhesives can be improved.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 2003Date of Patent: May 9, 2006Assignee: Chief Investment Corp.Inventors: Bin-Yen Yang, Chi-Lin Kao, Pei-Ling Lee, Chao-Yo Lin
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Patent number: 6995221Abstract: A process for producing organic peroxide initiators useful in the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The process for making the organic peroxides includes forming an aqueous emulsion of the organic peroxide. The organic peroxide is dispersed as small droplets of from 1 to 10 microns in size in the aqueous emulsion. The organic peroxide may be added to a polymerization reactor containing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer. The organic peroxide functions as a free radical initiator to polymerize the monomer. The organic peroxide may be substantially free of organic solvents and plasticizers. The resulting polymers are of high quality.Type: GrantFiled: May 6, 2003Date of Patent: February 7, 2006Assignee: Oxy Vinyls, L.P.Inventors: Ross J. Cozens, Qi Wang, M. Frederick V. Glock, Jr., Daniel A. Zust
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Patent number: 6995206Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a method of generating functionalized latex particulates in a colloidal suspension. The method can comprise steps of protecting functional groups present on polymerizable monomers with photo labile groups to form protected monomers; polymerizing the protected monomers to form a protected polymer; and exposing the protected polymer to a wavelength of light that removes the photo labile groups from the functional groups, thereby forming the functionalized latex particulates. These latex particulates can be used in a wide variety of applications, including in ink-jet ink printing applications.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 2003Date of Patent: February 7, 2006Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.Inventors: Zhang-Lin Zhou, Sivapackia Ganapathiappan
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Patent number: 6974852Abstract: An emulsifier system comprising a) a salt of a sulfuric monoester of a C9-C15 alcohol or of an alkoxylated C9-C15 alcohol, and b) an alkoxylated C8-C16 alcohol, and the use of this emulsifier system for preparing aqueous polymer dispersions.Type: GrantFiled: July 13, 2004Date of Patent: December 13, 2005Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Bernd Stanger, Peter Keller, Eckehardt Wistuba, Andree Dragon
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Publication number: 20040249097Abstract: A process for producing organic peroxide initiators useful in the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The process for making the organic peroxides includes forming an aqueous emulsion of the organic peroxide. The organic peroxide is dispersed as small droplets of from 1 to 10 microns in size in the aqueous emulsion. The organic peroxide may be added to a polymerization reactor containing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer. The organic peroxide functions as a free radical initiator to polymerize the monomer. The organic peroxide may be substantially free of organic solvents and plasticizers. The resulting polymers are of high quality.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 6, 2003Publication date: December 9, 2004Inventors: Ross J. Cozens, Qi Wang, M. Frederick V. Glock, Daniel A. Zust
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Patent number: 6770719Abstract: A process for producing peroxydicarbonates comprising first reacting at least one inorganic peroxide with at least one alkali metal hydroxide to form at least one alkali metal peroxide. The at least one alkali metal peroxide is added to a mixture of at least one haloformate, at least one dispersant and water. The mixture is homogenized during the entire reaction to form a peroxydicarbonate. The peroxydicarbonate is dispersed as small droplets of from 1 to 10 microns in size in the aqueous mixture. The entire mixture is added to a polymerization reactor containing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer. The peroxydicarbonate functions as the free radical initiator to polymerize the monomer. The peroxydicarbonate is substantially free of organic solvents and plasticizers. The resulting polymers are of high quality.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 2002Date of Patent: August 3, 2004Assignee: Oxy Vinyls, L.P.Inventor: Ross James Cozens
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Patent number: 6639027Abstract: A production process for a vinyl-based polymer is provided. The production process comprises a step for polymerizing a vinyl-based monomer by a radical reaction within an aqueous medium in a polymerization vessel, and a step for supplying a reaction inhibitor with a melting point of no more than 40° C. from a reaction inhibitor supply tank to the polymerization vessel via a reaction inhibitor supply pipe. The reaction inhibitor supply tank and the reaction inhibitor supply pipe are heated, and the reaction inhibitor is added to the polymerization vessel in a liquid state with a viscosity of no more than 200 mPa·s. The reaction inhibitor can be added to the polymerization mixture without the use of an organic solvent even at low temperatures, and problems such as the solidification of the reaction inhibitor inside the supply tank or piping, and subsequent blocking of the piping do not occur.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 2002Date of Patent: October 28, 2003Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Ryuichi Saito, Tadashi Amano, Toshihiko Kawakubo
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Patent number: 6506856Abstract: Polymers based on monomers having a C—C double bond and/or C—C triple bond are prepared by polymerization of these monomers in the presence of a catalyst system comprising as active constituents a transition metal compound of an early transition metal and, if desired, a cation-forming compound B) and, if desired, further components C), wherein the polymerization mixture contains at least 30% by weight of water.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 2000Date of Patent: January 14, 2003Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Lambertus Manders, Marc Oliver Kristen, Alexander Haunschild, Michael Geprägs
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Publication number: 20020077395Abstract: Aqueous emulsion polymer compositions stabilized with the reaction product of alkoxylated alcohols and an epihalohydrin or a trihaloalkanes.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 7, 2001Publication date: June 20, 2002Inventors: Marcie Natale, Rudolph Klima, Thomas Hopkins, Michael Wiggins
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Patent number: 6395848Abstract: Aqueous dispersion polymerization of fluoromonomers is improved by using a combination of fluorosurfactants, one of which is a perfluoropolyether carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid or salt of either.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 2000Date of Patent: May 28, 2002Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Richard Alan Morgan, Clay Woodward Jones, Theodore Treat, Jeffrey A. Hrivnak
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Patent number: 6383969Abstract: Disclosed is for the preparation of a catalytic composition for the polymerization of alpha-olefins. The catalyst comprises a compound of a transition metal (i) of Groups 4 to 6 of the Periodic Table, containing at least one possibly substituted cyclopentadiene ligand, and an activator (ii) chosen from aluminoxanes and ionizing agents supported on a support (iii) consisting of porous particles of polyolefin(s). Preparation includes a preliminary polymerization which includes contact with an alpha-olefin, under polymerizing conditions, in a diluent whose kinematic viscosity, measured at 20° C., is from 3 to 3000 cSt (centistokes) from 3 to 3000 mm2/s, such as mineral oil which may be derived from coal tars and petroleum fractions, to form from 0.01 to 50 g of polyolefin per g of catalyst containing compounds (i), (ii) and (iii).Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1999Date of Patent: May 7, 2002Assignee: Solvay Polyolefins Europe - BelgiumInventors: Philippe Francois, Serge Bettonville, Dominique Marchand
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Patent number: 6362259Abstract: Aqueous emulsion polymer compositions stabilized with the reaction product of alkoxylated alcohols and an epihalohydrin or a trihaloalkanes.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 1999Date of Patent: March 26, 2002Assignee: Cognis CorporationInventors: Marcie Natale, Rudolph Klima, Thomas Hopkins, Michael Wiggins
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Patent number: 6060164Abstract: Primary polymer particles having a size at least 90% below 10 .mu.m and which contain water soluble and water insoluble polymer are made by reverse phase polymerisation of a water soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer or monomer blend with cross linking agent, and the emulsion is then spray dried to form spray dried granules which disintegrate upon addition to water, thereby forming an aqueous composition of the insoluble particles having activity similar to the starting emulsion. This aqueous composition of insoluble particles is particularly useful for flocculation, for instance flocculation of sewage sludge followed by centrifugation or belt pressing, or for viscosification.Type: GrantFiled: May 29, 1997Date of Patent: May 9, 2000Assignee: Ciba Specialty Chemicals Water Treatments LimitedInventors: Michael Green, Malcolm Hawe, John Rodney Field
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Patent number: 5621055Abstract: A process for producing polymer particles with an irregular shape by polymerizing a water-soluble polymerizable monomer in a system comprising a hydrophobic organic solvent inert to the polymerization and an aqueous solution of the water-soluble polymerizable monomer, characterized in that the system further contains an anionic surfactant.Type: GrantFiled: September 19, 1995Date of Patent: April 15, 1997Assignee: Kao CorporationInventors: Seiichi Miyanaga, Yoshimitsu Ina, Takahide Minami, Takayuki Amiya
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Patent number: 5464915Abstract: In a method of preparing styrene plastics, the water medium containing tricalcium phosphate is prepared in situ (0.15 to 1.5 wt. %). Then, calcium carbonate (0.07 to 0.35 wt. %) is heated and dispersed therein. Thereafter, the monomer/comonomers/prepolymer, and secondary sodium alkylsulphates (0.001 to 0.020 wt. %) are introduced into the suspension polymerization process at 15 to 47% conversion. This method permits production of styrene plastics using a common technology, while providing specified bead size distribution, low concentration of dust fractions, and enhancement of the process stability.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 1993Date of Patent: November 7, 1995Assignees: Plastpolymer Share Holding Company, Angarsk Oil Chemical Share Holding CompanyInventors: Galina D. Ballova, Vladimir G. Rupyshev, Sergei G. Rumyantsev, Viktor V. Amosov, Igor A. Mekhed, Larisa V. Alexeeva, Viktor A. Pykhtin, Mikhail D. Rolnik, Evgenia N. Eremina, Valentina P. Shamina, Larisa F. Maladzyanova, Valentina G. Karmakova, Svetiana V. Kusheverskaya, Vera K. Abramova, Mikhail G. Rozhavsky
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Patent number: 5455320Abstract: A method of making polymeric particles by forming a suspension of ethylenically unsaturated monomer droplets in water, the water containing a particulate suspension agent, the monomer droplets containing a nonreactive hydrophobic compound where the water solubility of the nonreactive compound is less than that of the monomer and polymerizing the monomer droplets.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 1994Date of Patent: October 3, 1995Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: John L. Muehlbauer, Dennis E. Smith, Thomas H. Whitesides
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Patent number: 5374687Abstract: A pourable, liquid antisettling composition comprises at least one low molecular weight copolymer of ethylene and an alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid that has been neutralized with a neutralizing agent and water. The composition can be an additive in aqueous coating compositions and provides excellent pigment suspension and rheological properties to aqueous based coating and ink compositions.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 1993Date of Patent: December 20, 1994Assignee: Rheox, Inc.Inventors: Murray C. Cooperman, William W. Reichert
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Patent number: 5349036Abstract: An amphipathic co-polymer having a weight average molecular weight of from 2,500 to 20,000 inclusive and comprising an addition polymer backbone and at least one C.sub.1-4 alkoxy polyethylene or polyethylene copropylene glycol acrylate or methacrylate stabilizer unit where the backbone comprises up to 30% by weight of non-functional structural units and at least 70% by weight in total of stabilizer units and functional units where the functional units are optionally substituted styrene-containing units, hydroxy group-containing units and carboxyl group containing units, such that the proportions of hydroxy groups to carboxyl groups to styrene groups to propylene-oxy or ethylene-oxy groups are respectively 1 : 0.10-26.1; 0.28-25.0; 0.80-66.1.Type: GrantFiled: April 16, 1993Date of Patent: September 20, 1994Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLCInventors: Michael A. D. Simpson, Trevor S. B. Sayer
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Patent number: 5332523Abstract: A dispersion stabilizing agent for inorganic powder in an oily material, comprising a copolymer of (i) a polyoxyalkylene derivative represented by the general formula [I] below with (ii) one or more of maleic acid and the derivatives thereof selected from the group of maleic anhydride, maleic acid, maleic acid salts, maleic acid amides, and maleic acid esters, ##STR1## where Z is a residue of a compound having 2-8 hydroxyl groups, AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2-18 carbon atoms, R.sup.1 is an unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 2-5 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbon group having 1-40 carbon atoms, a=0 to 1000, b=0 to 1000, c=0 to 1000, l=1 to 8, m=0 to 2, n=0 to 7, (l+m+n)=2 to 8, (al+bm+cn)=1 to 1000, m/(l+n).ltoreq.1/2.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 1992Date of Patent: July 26, 1994Assignee: Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd.Inventors: Taizo Igarashi, Susumu Honda, Tohru Yasukohchi, Show Onodera
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Patent number: 5328936Abstract: A process for making porous polymeric particles having high surface area includes suspending a discontinuous organic phase in an continuous aqueous phase, wherein the organic phase includes an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, a water soluble phase extender and a surfactant in an amount effective to solubilize the water soluble phase extender in the monomer and wherein the aqueous phase includes a diffusion barrier agent for limiting mass transfer of the phase extender from the organic phase to the aqueous phase, and then polymerizing the ethylenically unsaturated monomer to form the porous polymeric particles.Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 1993Date of Patent: July 12, 1994Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Paul J. Leifholtz, Thomas E. Meteyer
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Patent number: 5308734Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner compositions which comprises generating an aqueous dispersion of toner fines, ionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant, adding thereto a counterionic surfactant with a polarity opposite to that of said ionic surfactant, homogenizing and stirring said mixture, and heating to provide for coalescence of said toner fine particles.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 1992Date of Patent: May 3, 1994Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Guerino G. Sacripante, Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz
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Patent number: 5133992Abstract: A method of preparing polymer particles having narrow size distribution in a suspension process employing a solid colloidal stabilizing agent. The solid colloidal stabilizer is a copolymer of about 25 to about 80% by weight, based on total monomer weight, of an addition polymerizable nonionic oleophilic monomer, about 5 to about 45%, by weight, of an addition polymerizable nonionic hydrophilic monomer, about 1 to about 50% of an addition polymerizable ionic monomer, and 0 to about 20 percent, by weight, of a crosslinking monomer having at least two addition polymerizable groups. Also disclosed are polymeric particles comprising a core polymer covered by a layer of the smaller copolymer stabilizer particles and electrostatographic toners comprising such polymeric particles.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1990Date of Patent: July 28, 1992Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Mridula Nair, Zona R. Pierce, Donna A. DiPrima
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Patent number: 5086079Abstract: A process for producing styrene-containing polymers having a narrow particle size distribution, comprising the steps:(i) preparing a polymerization mixture, said mixture comprisinga) an organic phase comprising at least 50 wt %. styrene and a monomer-soluble polymerization initiator, andb) an aqueous phase comprising water, an organic protective colloid and a substantially water insoluble inorganic suspension stabilizer;(ii) adding to said polymerization mixture 50-500 ppm of a metal carbonate, bicarbonate or mixtures thereof based on said aqueous phase; and(iii) polymerizing said polymer mixture to produce said styrene-containing polymer particles.Type: GrantFiled: January 10, 1991Date of Patent: February 4, 1992Assignee: Huels AktiengesellschaftInventors: Dirk Reese, Horst Leithoeuser
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Patent number: 4870143Abstract: By a process for suspension polymerization, which comprises steps of:supplying a slurry comprising droplets of a monomer liquid having a substantially uniform size dispersed in an aqueous dispersion medium to a tower type reactor in which said medium forms a downflow, andsuspension polymerizing the monomer with avoiding merging or splitting of the droplets in a fluidized bed which is formed by the downflow of said medium and buoyancy of the monomer liquid droplets, whereinthe specific gravity of said medium is made larger than that of a polymer particle to be produced by the addition of a water soluble inorganic salt to said medium, anda polycarboxylic acid type anionic polymeric surfactant is used as a suspension stabilizer for the monomer liquid droplets,polymer particles having a substantially uniform size are produced with high polymerization conversion.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1987Date of Patent: September 26, 1989Assignee: Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yoshiyuki Hashiguchi, Masakiti Kishi, Takehiko Yagyu
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Patent number: 4853445Abstract: In the suspension polymerization of styrene monomers in water using suitable suspension stabilizers, the only modifier needed has been found to be organotin compounds in amounts from 10 to 1000 ppm based on monomer. The product beads have a narrow bead size distribution.Type: GrantFiled: May 21, 1987Date of Patent: August 1, 1989Assignee: Arco Chemical Technology, Inc.Inventors: Bernard H. Meyer, Joseph C. Kinslow, Paul E. Arch, D. Harper Meek
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Patent number: 4719265Abstract: A pourable polyvinyl chloride having an acrylate content of at least 30 percent by weight, is formed through a process wherein the emulsion polymerization of an acrylic acid ester forming soft polymers is conducted together with a diene crosslinking agent(a) in the presence of a fatty acid soap, or(b) by the batchwise or continuous addition of the monomer, pre-emulsified with an aqueous alkali lauryl sulfate solution, during polymerization, and by the addition of a fatty acid soap after polymerization, and the vinyl chloride polymerization is performed in the presence of a methylcellulose ether as the suspension agent; wherein, after addition of the suspension agent, a Ca(OH).sub.2 suspension is added, the polymerization charge is neutralized by addition of an acid, and then an organic peroxide is added as the initiator in a dissolved or suspended form. The polymerization can also take place without acid addition, by utilizing azo-type catalysts.Type: GrantFiled: March 26, 1986Date of Patent: January 12, 1988Assignee: Huels AktiengesellschaftInventors: Dieter Thunig, Rolf-Walter Terwonne
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Patent number: 4639475Abstract: The invention relates to an adhesive stick of an adhesive resin dissolved and/or dispersed in an aqueous solvent system and containing a gel-forming component and, if desired, other standard additives. The new adhesive stick is characterized in that its adhesive layers applied by rubbing onto a receiving surface show permanently tacky pressure-sensitive adhesive properties and in that the stick contains the reaction product of sorbitol and/or xylitol and benzaldehyde as the gel-forming component and, as adhesive resin, a reaction mixture from the reaction of methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid anhydride copolymers with partially neutralized acid phosphate esters of nonionic wetting agents of the lower alkylene oxide adduct type.Type: GrantFiled: April 17, 1984Date of Patent: January 27, 1987Assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf AktienInventors: Wolfgang Dierichs, Gerhard Gierenz, Gabriella Kraus
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Patent number: 4542184Abstract: A process for the preparation of aqueous polymer dispersions comprising polymerizing compounds with unsaturated ethylenic bonds at a temperature of 10.degree. to 100.degree. C. in the presence of an at least partially water-soluble free-radical initiator and at least one water-soluble protein and optionally present conventional adjuvants with the starting mixture containing not more than 40% of the total monomers and the remaining monomer being added by metering during the polymerization, the initiators being at least one member of the group consisting of ketone peroxides and organic hydroperoxides in an amount of at least 30 mmol per kg of total monomer mixture and optionally present water-soluble reducing agents and the amount of protein being at least 3% by weight based on the total monomer weight and at least 30% by weight is added during the polymerization and the isoelectric point of the protein is not reached or exceeded during polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 1984Date of Patent: September 17, 1985Assignee: Wacker-Chemie GmbHInventors: Herbert Eck, Reinhard Jira
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Patent number: 4532295Abstract: A process for the preparation of aqueous polymer dispersions comprising polymerizing vinyl esters and up to 50% by weight of the total monomer of compounds with unsaturated ethylenic bonds at a temperature of 10.degree. to 100.degree. C. in the presence of an at least partially water-soluble free-radical initiator and at least one starch member of the group consisting of cyanalkylated starch, hydroxyalkylated starch and carboxyalkylated starch and optionally present conventional adjuvants with the starting mixture containing not more than one-third of the total monomers and the remaining monomers being added by metering during the polymerization, the initiators being at least one member of the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides in an amount of at least 30 mmol per kg of total monomer mixture and optionally present water-soluble reducing agent and the amount of starch being at least 1% by weight based on the total monomer weight.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 1984Date of Patent: July 30, 1985Assignee: Wacker-Chemie GmbHInventors: Hartmut Brabetz, Herbert Eck, Reinhard Jira, Heinrich Hopf
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Patent number: 4528321Abstract: A dispersion of water soluble or water swellable polymer in water immiscible liquid is made by reverse phase polymerization utilizing a dispersing system comprising a polymerization stabilizer and the resulting dispersion, optionally after dehydration, may be distributed into water utilizing a distributing system. The dispersing system or the distributing system, or both, includes at least one non-ionic compound selected from C.sub.6-12 alkanols, C.sub.4-12 alkylene glycol monoethers and their C.sub.1-4 alkanoates, C.sub.6-12 polyalkylene glycol monoethers and their C.sub.1-4 alkanoates and benzyl alcohol. Novel dispersions are made by reverse phase polymerization and, in particular, include a non-ionic compound selected from C.sub.4-12 alkylene glycol monoethers, their C.sub.1-4 alkanoates and C.sub.6-12 polyalkylene glycol monoethers and their C.sub.1-4 alkanoates. When the polymer is water soluble a solution of it in water can be made by distributing the dispersion into water.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 1984Date of Patent: July 9, 1985Assignee: Allied Colloids LimitedInventors: Adrian S. Allen, Peter Flesher
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Patent number: 4398003Abstract: A process for preparing thermoset polymer spheres by polymerizing a thermosettable polymer such as a vinyl ester resin or an unsaturated polyester resin in water containing a suspending agent in the presence of a catalyst and an accelerator is improved by employing an organic suspending agent as the suspending agent.Type: GrantFiled: November 27, 1981Date of Patent: August 9, 1983Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Robert S. Irwin
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Patent number: 4360611Abstract: A suspension polymerization of polymerizable monomers containing a prepolymer is conducted in a system containing an inorganic dispersion stabilizer and occasionally, an inorganic pigment and/or black coloring agent, in which the polymerizable monomers have an opposite charge in water to the inorganic dispersion stabilizer whereby the former is ionically bound with the latter. The suspension polymerization during the middle stage in which polymer particles are apt to stick together is stabilized and the polymer particles are prevented from coalescing so that fine spherical polymer particles are obtained with a uniform particle size distribution.Also, the suspension polymerization is conducted having liquid resins involved in polymerizable monomers thereby to obtain non-sticky, free flowing particles. These particles adhere to paper sheets by mechanically smashing.Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 1980Date of Patent: November 23, 1982Assignee: Sinloihi Company LimitedInventors: Saburo Wakimoto, Sadayasu Miyahara, Yoshihiko Hyosu
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Patent number: 4355146Abstract: A process for producing a blending vinyl chloride resin, which comprises subjecting a vinyl chloride monomer or a mixture of vinyl chloride and a monomer copolymerizable therewith to suspension polymerization in an aqueous medium using a water-soluble protein as a suspending agent, and treating the resulting polymer with a proteolytic enzyme.Type: GrantFiled: April 29, 1980Date of Patent: October 19, 1982Assignee: Nippon Zeon Co. Ltd.Inventors: Mamoru Nakamura, Akikatsu Kanayama
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Patent number: 4335237Abstract: Polymers are prepared from a vinyl monomer or monomers by a homopolymerization or a copolymerization reaction which occurs exothermically, said reaction being carried out by mixing the vinyl monomer or monomers with an additive comprising an endothermic compound which is unreactive with said monomer or monomers and the resultant homopolymers or copolymers and has a phase transition point at the temperature of the polymerization reaction with the absorption of heat, the amount of said endothermic compound being sufficient to counterbalance the major part of the exothermic heat of reaction, the process being especially useful for preparing polymers in solid form or for preparing high solid suspensions of polymers.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1980Date of Patent: June 15, 1982Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventor: Edward G. Ballweber
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Patent number: 4334049Abstract: Finely-divided polymeric solids are prepared by free-radical polymerization on ethylenically unsaturated monomer or monomers in an organic solvent employing an alkylene oxide adduct of a styrene-allyl alcohol copolymer stabilizer.Type: GrantFiled: August 18, 1980Date of Patent: June 8, 1982Assignee: BASF Wyandotte CorporationInventors: Gerhard G. Ramlow, Duane A. Heyman, Richard A. Moore
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Patent number: 4283516Abstract: The present invention relates to the manufacture of suspension grade PVC and other vinyl chloride resins of superior overall quality, especially in that they possess both high bulk densities and excellent porosities as shown by their fast absorption rates for hot liquid plasticizers. The key feature of the suspension polymerization process involved is the use of a particular combination of two types of suspending agents throughout the process, namely a polyvinyl alcohol resin with a hydrolysis level of about 68 to about 78 percent together with a hydroxypropyl cellulose ether with a molar substitution of between about 2 and about 4.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1979Date of Patent: August 11, 1981Assignee: Diamond Shamrock Plastics CorporationInventor: William D. Peeples
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Patent number: 4259465Abstract: The binary suspension polymerization of a water soluble monomer and an organophilic or hydrophobic monomer having a low Tg in an integrated aqueous suspension system wherein the suspension medium for said organophilic monomer droplets comprises a hydrophilic monomer having a higher rate of reaction than the hydrophobic monomer and water in a mixture such that a solution of between about 1,000 and about 100,000 cps Brookfield viscosity is maintained in the reaction zone during polymerization of the organophilic droplets.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 1978Date of Patent: March 31, 1981Assignee: GAF CorporationInventor: Eugene S. Barabas
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Patent number: 4250289Abstract: A process for the preparation of copolymers of maleic anhydride and relatively long-chain alkenes by suspension polymerization of these monomers in the presence of a free radical initiator and a dispersant at an elevated temperature, in excess alkene as the suspension medium, wherein a poly(alkyl vinyl ether) is used as the dispersant.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 1979Date of Patent: February 10, 1981Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Walter Denzinger, Claus Cordes
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Patent number: 4243562Abstract: Process for the polymerization of vinyl chloride in aqueous suspension in the presence of a dispersing system comprising a cellulosic derivative and an anionic emulsifying agent wherein the polymerizaton is initiated by an oil-soluble initiator and a water-soluble free radical polymerization initiator is added in the course of polymerization. The thus obtained polyvinyl chloride powders are particularly suitable for the production of battery separators.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1978Date of Patent: January 6, 1981Assignee: Solvay & Cie.Inventor: Andre Petit
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Patent number: 4241191Abstract: Styrene polymers are prepared by suspension polymerization using, as suspension stabilizers, mixtures of(A) a sparingly soluble inorganic metal compound and(B) a fine polymer dispersion.The styrene polymers may be used, together with blowing agents, for the manufacture of foams.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 1978Date of Patent: December 23, 1980Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans G. Keppler, Erhard Stahnecker, Rolf Moeller
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Patent number: 4230810Abstract: A method of preparing a resin by free radical emulsion polymerizing a monomer mixture comprised of (A) a water soluble bifunctional monomer, (B) a hard segment hydrophobic enhancing monomer, (C) optionally, a soft segment hydrophobic enhancing monomer, and (D) a hydrophilic enhancing organic acid. The particular advantage in the invention is the utilization of the water soluble bifunctional monomer which has the purpose of essentially eliminating the necessity of additional emulsifying agents. The resin prepared thereby is designed to be suitable for a water reducible composition.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1979Date of Patent: October 28, 1980Assignee: The Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyInventor: Richard R. Lattime
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Patent number: 4228264Abstract: A method of suspension polymerization is carried out by dispersing vinyl chloride in an aqueous medium in the presence of an oil soluble catalyst for polymerization and a polymerization improver having units ##STR1## wherein M represents hydrogen atom or an alkali metal; R represents --H, --CH.sub.3, --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, --C.sub.3 H.sub.7 or --C.sub.4 H.sub.9 and n represents an integer of 10 to 1500.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1978Date of Patent: October 14, 1980Assignee: Nissan Chemical Industries, LimitedInventors: Akira Yamamoto, Masaru Iida, Satoru Miyake, Hideo Yamaura, Takeshi Inoue
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Patent number: 4226748Abstract: A fabric sizing emulson composition is obtained by emulsion polymerization of a vinyl monomer in the presence of a cationic polymer and a non-ionic water-soluble polymer, the resulting vinyl polymer having a cationic nitrogen content of 0.004 to 0.2% by weight based on the vinyl polymer. The obtained sizing agent is used by diluting it with water to a relatively large extent.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 1979Date of Patent: October 7, 1980Assignee: Kao Soap Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kinjiro Matsunaga, Shin-ichi Masuda, Yunosuke Nakagawa, Naotake Takaishi
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Patent number: 4224427Abstract: The disclosure describes an improved process for the preparation of uniform, spherical beads of up to 5 mm diameter of a crosslinked, water-insoluble hydrogel by suspension polymerization in a concentrated aqueous salt solution of 95-30% by weight of a monoolefinic water-soluble monomer containing at least 5% of a hydroxy substituted hydrophilic vinyl monomer with 5-70% by weight of a terminal diolefinic macromer crosslinking agent in the presence of water-insoluble, gelatinous, strong water-bonding inorganic metal hydroxides as suspending agents in the absence of excess alkali. The hydrogels have a host of pharmaceutical and industrial uses.Type: GrantFiled: June 1, 1978Date of Patent: September 23, 1980Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Karl F. Mueller, Sonia J. Heiber, Walter L. Plankl
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Patent number: 4208499Abstract: A dispersing stabilizer for suspension polymerization of vinyl compounds comprising (A) a water-soluble protective colloid and (B) a carbonyl group-containing polyvinyl alcohol having an average degree of hydrolysis of 10 to 90% by mole; the absorbance of a 0.1% by weight aqueous solution of the component (B) being not less than 0.18 at a wavelength of 280 m.mu.. Suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride can be conducted by using the stabilizer without adhesion of scale to a polymerization vessel, and also particles of the obtained vinyl chloride resins have a high porosity and uniform size.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1978Date of Patent: June 17, 1980Assignee: Nippon Gohsei Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Motokazu Maruhashi, Yoshio Ebina, Kizo Ohnishi
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Patent number: 4171407Abstract: Non-blocking coatings are disclosed, which coatings comprise an acrylate ester emulsion polymer prepared by polymerization in the presence of a degraded starch which, in a 10 percent solution in 1 N NaOH, has a viscosity not greater than 15 mPa . s at a velocity gradient D=532.1 s.sup.-1.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 1977Date of Patent: October 16, 1979Assignee: Rohm GmbHInventors: Wilhelm Elser, Klaus Huebner, Hans Ottofrickenstein, Hans Boessler
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Patent number: 4171292Abstract: A composition is disclosed for use in dispersing magnesium sulfite tri-hydrate in an aqueous medium which composition comprises, in combination, an oligomer and a copolymer of a 1-olefin and an unsaturated anhydride.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 1978Date of Patent: October 16, 1979Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventors: Robert L. Jones, Lewis Volgenau, Philip S. Davis