Abstract: A process for the preparation of polyphosphazenes is provided that includes the cationic solution polymerization reaction of a phosphoranimine, using a main group or transition metal halide, or other appropriate halide salt, including a linear phosphazene salt of any chain length, or a preformed non-phosphazene polymer containing a main or transition metal chloride, as an initiator. In a preferred embodiment, triarmed-star polyphosphazenes having the formula N{RN(H)R'.sub.2 P--(N.dbd.PR'.sub.2).sub.n }.sub.3 are prepared via this method. Also, a methods for synthesis of the monomer Cl.sub.3 P.dbd.NSiMe.sub.3 and cyclic trimer N.sub.3 P.sub.3 X.sub.6 from the reactants N(SiR.sub.3).sub.3 and PX.sub.5 are also described.

Abstract: Poly (organophosphazene) polymers bearing various ratios of a carboxylic acid containing sidegroup and an alkylamino, alkoxy, or alkoxy ether sidegroup are disclosed. These water-soluble macromolecules are cross-linked and allowed to absorb water to form hydrogels. Because of their anionic character and high water content, the polymeric hydrogels are useful for a wide variety of biomedical applications including controlled drug delivery (e.g. pH sensitive drug delivery), biocompatible coatings, and pH sensitive membranes.

Abstract: A method for producing a polyorganophosphazene, such as, for example, poly?di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazenel!, from polydichlorophosphazene. The polydichlorophosphazene is reacted with at least one nucleophilic reagent at a defined molar ratio of the at least one nucleophilic reagent to the polydichlorophosphazene. Such process results in the production of a polyorganophosphazene having a molecular weight within a desired range.

Abstract: A method for purification of a polyphosphazene polyacid or acid salt thereof in which a polyphosphazene polyacid or acid salt thereof is dissolved in a concentrated aqueous solution of a salt of monovalent ions. The resulting aqueous solution of the polyphosphazene polyacid or acid salt thereof and the at least one salt of monovalent ions then is diluted to reduce the concentration of the at least one salt of monovalent ions, whereby the polyphosphazene polyacid or acid salt thereof is precipitated. The precipitated polyphosphazene polyacid or acid salt thereof then is recovered.

Abstract: A method is provided for the preparation of polyquinoline polymers based on Friedlander condensation polymerization. The method comprises mixing monomers which, when polymerized, form a polyquinoline polymer, together with a catalyst and a solvent, wherein the catalyst comprises an alkyl phosphate.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polyphosphazenes is provided that includes the cationic solution polymerization reaction of a phosphoranimine, using a main group or transition metal halide, or other appropriate halide salt, including a linear phosphazene salt of any chain length, or a preformed nonphosphazene polymer containing a main or transition metal chloride, as an initiator.

Abstract: The present invention provides a melt process for the manufacture of thermoplastic solvent-free polycarbonates with the use of a continuously operated tubular reactor for monophenol vaporization.

Abstract: A thermal insulation product which effectively blocks the transmission of infrared radiation through the product is provided and includes, in combination, an insulating material and a chiral polymer adapted to block the passage of infrared radiation through the insulating material.

Abstract: Novel bisoxazoline monomers and novel bisoxazoline-novolak thermoset polymeric systems made therewith which have increased flame resistance.

Abstract: A method for the alkylsulfonation of polymeric and cyclic trimer phosphazenes that includes reacting the phosphazene with a sultone. This method can be used to prepare sulfonated phosphazenes that are useful as biomedical materials, membranes, reversibly cross-linkable polymers, surfactants, and polyelectrolytes.

Abstract: Chalcone and cinnamate bearing polyphosphazenes are disclosed. The polyphusphazenes contain a sufficient number of chalcone or cinnamate groups, or a combination thereof, to achieve a photocrosslinkable material. The phosphazene backbone is transparent from the near and mid-UV to the near infrared region, minimizing degradation of the skeleton both under the high intensity UV irradiation required for the photo-crosslinking reaction and during subsequent exposure to light disclosed. These photosensitive polyphosphazenes are useful for a variety of purposes, including in photolithography, photocurable coatings, for the stabilization of certain non-linear optical properties, and for use in the construction of biocompatible semi-permeable membranes which can be used to encapsulate living cells or other substances of implantation.

Abstract: Aramid polymers, e.g., those derived from p-phenylene diamine and terephthaloyl chloride, can have their solubility properties and flame retardancy enhanced by the incorporation therein of a moiety derived from a bis(aminophenoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide, e.g., bis(3-aminophenoxy-4'-phenyl) phenylphosphine oxide.

Abstract: A poromeric material for maintaining an electrostatic charge is provided, the material including a matrix of fibers, a polymeric binder for binding the matrix, and electrets present substantially uniformly throughout the poromeric material. Also provided are methods for making the poromeric material. In one embodiment, a polymeric binder mixture having electrets substantially uniformly contained therein is formed. The matrix of fibers is impregnated with the mixture and cured, whereby the electrets are substantially uniformly distributed throughout the matrix to produce the electrostatic poromeric material. In an alternative embodiment, the electrets are contained in the fibers of the matrix. The poromeric material may be used to encase a core to form a roller, for example, a hickey-removing roller.

Abstract: A process for the production of polycarbonates is disclosed. Accordingly, oligocarbonate in the melt is passed through a heated tube and inert gas is simultaneously introduced by injecting to the melt.

Abstract: An aromatic copolyamide which is soluble in organic copolyamide solvents and contains recurring structural units of formulae I, II and III ##STR1## in which at least some of the radicals R.sup.1 are a group of formula --OC--R.sup.2 --CO--, in which R.sup.2 is a divalent aromatic radical having valence bonds in the para-position or in a comparable coaxial of parallel position to one another, and in which the remaining radicals are as defined.

Abstract: New, highly branched polyphosphonates which have a greatly improved flame retardant action compared with known polyphosphonates which are suitable as additives for plastics. In addition the new polyphosphonates may be incorporated in plastics as stabilizers with excellent migration properties.

Abstract: Phosphazene-containing amines having at least one amine or substituted amine moiety reactive with nitrile groups of the phthalonitrile monomers or oligomeric resins are useful curing agents for phthalonitriles. Typically, the phosphazene-containing amines useful as curing agents in the present invention have the formula: ##STR1## wherein each of X.sub.1-6 is a hydrogen, an unsubstituted amine group, or an amine group substituted with C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl groups or aromatic groups, at least one of X.sub.1-6 includes an amine group, and each of R'.sub.1-6 is an alkyl, aromatic, or alkyl-substituted aromatic moiety, or a linear polymer of the phosphazene-based amine monomer. The curing agents enhance the speed of cure and also add flame retardancy to the cured polymers.

Abstract: A halogen free casting resin suitable for covering electron devices with a fire retardant material contains an acidic ester of an hydroxy-functional phosphor compound and an organic anhydride. A stable mixture can be generated from the acidic ester and the hardener component of the casting resin, and further used for the hardening of epoxides resins. The acidic ester is chemically integrated in the epoxide resin matrix in a stable mixture, thereby improving the long term fire-retardancy of the casting resin molding compound without increasing the volatility of the mixture.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel radiation sensitive compositions. More particularly the invention relates to photoresists containing phosphorus and nitrogen linked polymers; i.e., polyphosphazenes, useful in the preparation of a relief pattern on a substrate; e.g., a silicon wafer or aluminum plate. The polyphosphazenes of in this invention can be synthesized by the condensation of N-trimethylsilylalkoxyphosphorimides. Radiation sensitive positive photoresist compositions of the invention can be developed in aqueous base developer or organic solvent developer The base developer dissolution properties of the composition can be controlled by incorporating carboxylate groups into the polyphosphazene. The polyphosphazenes utilized in this invention have good solubility properties in various organic solvents and also have good mechanical, electrical, adhesion and thermal properties.

Abstract: A method for preparing polyimides comprising reacting carbon monoxide, a primary diamine and a reactant selected from the group consisting of bis(o-iodoaromatic ester)s and bis(o-bromoaromatic ester)s, in the presence of solvent and catalyst, said catalyst being a compound of a metal seIected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium and nickel.

Abstract: A method for preparing poly(imide-amide)s comprising reacting carbon monoxide, an aromatic or heteroaromatic diamine, and an aromatic or heteroaromatic di(trifluoromethane sulfonate), in the presence of solvent and a catalyst One of the aromatic reactants has a nucleus including a phthalimide ring system. The catalyst is a compound of a metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium and nickel.

Abstract: AB-polybenzoxazole monomer, such as 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, can be synthesized in high yields from a hydroxy-benzoic acid or related compound in a three-step process of (1) nitration, (2) hydrolysis of the ester, and (3) reduction of the nitro moiety. The monomer is conveniently recovered as a phosphate salt in high purity by precipitating and recrystallizing from a phosphoric acid solution. The monomer may be polymerized in high concentrations in polyphosphoric acid containing high levels of P.sub.2 O.sub.5 to yield a high molecular weight polymer without dehydrohalogenation.

Abstract: Phosphazene-containing amines having at least one amine or substituted amine moiety reactive with nitrile groups of the phthalonitrile monomers or oligomeric resins are useful curing agents for phthalonitriles. Typically, the phosphazene-containing amines useful as curing agents in the present invention have the formula: ##STR1## wherein each of X.sub.1-6 is a hydrogen, an unsubstituted amine group, or an amine group substituted with C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl groups or aromatic groups, at least one of X.sub.1-6 includes an amine group, and each of R'.sub.1-6 is an alkyl, aromatic, or alkyl-substituted aromatic moiety, or a linear polymer of the phosphazene-based amine monomer. The curing agents enhance the speed of cure and also add flame retardancy to the cured polymers.

Abstract: Rigid-rod aromatic heterocyclic polymers having repeating units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein Ba is a benzobisazole moiety of the formula: ##STR2## wherein X is --O--, --S-- or --NH.

Abstract: Poly(1,2,4-triazoles)(PT) have been prepared by involving the aromatic nucleophilic displacement reaction of di(hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole monomers with activated aromatic dihalides or activated aromatic dinitro compounds. The reactions are carried out in polar aprotic solvents such as sulfolane or diphenylsulfone using alkali metal bases such as potassium carbonate at elevated temperatures under nitrogen. The di(hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole monomers are first synthesized by reacting bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) hydrazide with aniline hydrochloride at 250.degree. C. in the melt and also by reacting 1,3 or 1,4-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)phenylenedihydrazide with 2 moles of aniline hydrochloride in the melt. Purification of the di(hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole monomers is accomplished by recrystallization.

Abstract: Rigid-rod aromatic heterocyclic copolymers having repeating units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein n has a value of about 0.10 to 0.99, m is 1.0-n, Ar is a para-ordered divalent aromatic moiety, as defined hereinafter, and wherein Ba is a benzobisazole moiety of the formula: ##STR2## wherein X is --O--, --S-- or --NH. Ar can be any para-ordered divalent moiety such as, for example, 1,4-phenylene, 4,4'-biphenylene, 4,4"-terphenylene, and the like, as well as substituted divalent moieties, such as, for example: ##STR3## wherein R is Q or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein Q is ##STR4## wherein Z is --O-- or --S--; ##STR5## wherein R is as defined above, or ##STR6## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are --H or -phenyl, R.sup.2 is --H or ##STR7## wherein Q is as defined above, and R.sup.4 is R.sup.

Abstract: The polycondensation disrupting effects of the impurities in an impure N-dichlorophosphoryltrichlorophosphazene, P.sub.2 NOCl.sub.5, or oligomer thereof, are avoided by polycondensing such impure P.sub.2 NOCl.sub.5 into a high molecular weight uncrosslinked poly(dichlorophosphazene) in the presence of an effective impurity-inhibiting, polymerization-controlling amount of phosphorous pentachloride, PCl.sub.5.

Abstract: Curable compositions, characterized in that they contain(a) polyimides of the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein B represents a divalent moiety containing a carbon-carbon double bond, and wherein A represents an X-valent, but at least divalent, moiety,(b) alkenylphenoximides of the general formula (II) ##STR2## wherein D represents a Y-valent moiety, Y being 1, 2 or 3, and wherein E denotes a moiety having the following formulae ##STR3## wherein R represents an alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R' represents a 1,2- or 2,3-alkenyl group with 3 to 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Phosphazene polymers having the units ##STR1## wherein the total number of units ranges from about 3 to about 50,000, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are different and are C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 linear or branched alkyl, C.sub.2 to C.sub.15 linear or branched fluoroalkyl or mixtures thereof, and R.sub.3 is phenyl substituted with C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 linear or branched alkyl. The polymers can be cured with peroxides to yield cross-linked materials having enhanced elongation.

Abstract: Impure solutions or suspensions of the polyphosphazenes, e.g., those containing the reagents and/or byproducts of the chloro-substitution of a polydichlorophosphazene, are purified by contacting such impure solutions/suspension with a semipermeable membrane having a cutoff threshold corresponding to the impurities sought to be removed, and filtering such impurities therethrough, e.g., by establishing a trans-membrane pressure gradient.

Abstract: Disclosed are a styrene-based resin composite material in which a layer composed mainly of a curable phosphazene compound is formed on the surface of a molding material of a styrene-based polymer having a mainly syndiotactic configuration or a composition thereof, and also an ink ribbon in which an ink layer is provided on one side of a film of the above polymer of a composition thereof and a heat resistant lubricating layer composed mainly of the curable phosphazene compound provided on the side opposite thereto, and also a magnetic recording medium characterized in that a magnetic layer containing the curable phosphazene compound as a binder on a support composed of the above polymer or a composition thereof, a over coated layer of a magnetic recording medium which contains the curable phosphazene compound and a lubricating layer of a magnetic recording medium which contains the curable phosphazene compound.

Abstract: Amine-terminated poly(arylene ether phosphine oxide) oligomers of the general formula ##STR1## where Ar' is phenyl, biphenyl, bisphenol-A, etc., can be formed by reaction of a bisphenol monomer, a dihalo triphenyl phosphine oxide monomer, and an aminophenol.

Abstract: Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and poly(dichlorophosphazene) react with the sodium salt of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate to give small molecule cyclic and high polymeric phosphazenes with aryloxy ester side groups; reaction of these compounds with potassium tert-butoxide brings about complete hydrolysis of the ester groups to yielding aqueous media-soluble, carboxylic acid bearing cyclic and high polymeric phosphazenes; the carboxylic acid bearing high polymer formed ionic cross-links when treated in aqueous media with salts of di- or trivalent cations yield hydrogels and membranes. The cross-linked gels were stable in neutral or strongly acidic aqueous media, but the cross-linking process was reversed in basic aqueous solutions of excess monovalent cations.

Abstract: Polyphosphazene derivatives containing carbonyl groups which are apt to undergo rapid photoreticulation processes having the general formula ##STR1## in which: X represents substituents bound to the polyphosphazene chains by means of hydroxy or amino functions, and containing carbonyl groups;X' represents additional substituents bound to the polyphosphazene chain through hydroxy or amino functions and containing one or more easily extractable hydrogen atoms;(w+y+z) is an integer between 20 and 15,000;w and z are integers greater than or equal to 0 and always lower than 15.000;y is an integer between 20 and 15,000.

Abstract: A novel phosphazene polymer having Schiff base structures is disclosed. The polymer is a condensation reaction product of a cyclic phosphonitrilic compound represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## (wherein n is an integer 3 or 4, and 2n A's are independently selected from a group consisting of a formylphenoxy group, a phenoxy group, an alkylphenoxy group, a halogenated phenoxy group, an N-aromatic azomethine-phenoxy group, and a fluoroalkoxy group, provided more than 2 formylphenoxy groups being contained per molecule on the average) and a primary diamine or a primary polyamine, The polymer contains Schiff base bonds derived from formylphenoxy groups and amines and is represented by the formula: ##STR2## (wherein Z is a residual group said primary diamine or primary polyamine and may have bonds other than those indicated). The polymer exhibits a 20% or less weight loss under thermobalance analysis at 400.degree. C. and has a glass transition teperature (Tg) of 120.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: A shaped polyphosphazene article having a modified surface portion thereof and exhibiting a desired property and/or performance comprises a polyphosphazene polymer having at least 50 molar % or more of repeating units of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 in the first and second side chains --OR.sup.1 and --OR.sup.2 respectively represent, independently from each other, an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radical, and having at least a portion of a surface portion thereof in which at least 5 molar % of the first and second side chains are converted to one or more types of third side chains --OR.sup.3 wherein R.sup.3 represents an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radical and which are different from --OR.sup.1 and --OR.sup.2.

Abstract: A cover layer for micro-electronic components and VLSI circuits is provided for protecting the components and circuits against alpha radiation. The cover layer is produced by ultraviolet cross linking of a negative resist, wherein, as a constituent for absorbing the alpha rays, the negative resist contains a substituted triphosphazene of the formula (I) whose organic radicals are bonded to phosphorus via oxygen and wherein, on a statistical average, 1 through 3 radicals have cross-linkable, light-sensitive groups. The cover layer provided good protection from alpha rays, has low shrinkage during curing and, given high thermal resistance, can be combined when mixing with other negative resists.

Abstract: Polyfluoroalkoxyphosphazenes cured through eugenoxy groups result in elastomer compositions having higher modulus, tensile strength and elongation retention and lower compression set compared to a similar polyfluoroalkoxyphosphazene cured through conventional ortho-allylphenoxy groups.

Abstract: Crude polyorganophosphazenes, produced by the nucleophilic cosubstitution of polydichlorophosphazenes and contained in a reaction medium which includes such polyorganophosphazenes, reaction solvent for the cosubstitution reaction, excess nucleophilic reagent and/or product of neutralization thereof, and, when present, any alkali metal salts of neutralization, are efficiently and facilely purified, in a single treatment zone, advantageously under agitation in a discontinuous malaxator, by both eliminating the reaction solvent and thereafter washing the resulting reaction medium with a liquid which is a nonsolvent for the polyorganophosphazenes, but miscible with the other products present in said reaction medium.

Abstract: Various kinds of organophosphazene polymers are produced by reacting dichlorophosphezene polymer with hydroxy compounds using a tertiary amine such as triethyl amine as an acid acceptor in the presence of pyridine derivative such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine as a catalyst under mild reaction conditions to substitute substantially all the chlorine atoms with organic groups.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing phosphonitrile oligomers containing maleimido phenoxy groups.

Abstract: Polyfluoroalkoxyphosphazenes cured through eugenoxy groups result in elastomer compositions having higher modulus, tensile strength and elongation retention and lower compression set compared to a similar polyfluoroalkoxyphosphazene cured through conventional ortho-allylphenoxy groups.

Abstract: Polyorganophosphazenes having at least some N-(acryloxyhydrocarbyl)carbamyloxyhydrocarbyloxy groups:H.sub.2 C.dbd.CHR--C(O)O--R--NH--C(O)O--R--O--bonded to phosphorus can be cross-linked by exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

Abstract: Disclosed are nadimido-substituted cyclophosphazene derivatives and thermosets thereof. The thermosets are useful as high temperature, flame resistant matrices for composites and as metal adhesives.

Abstract: Disclosed are nadimido-substituted cyclophosphazene derivatives and thermosets thereof. The thermosets are useful as high temperature, flame resistant matrices for composites and as metal adhesives.

Abstract: Phenolic impurities are removed from polyaryloxyphosphazenes by extracting a solution of the crude polyaryloxyphosphazene with an aqueous lower alcohol alkali metal base solution such as aqueous methanolic sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: Thermosetting mixtures which contain (a) 10 to 90% by weight of at least one aromatic di- or polycyanate compound or a prepolymer thereof,(b) 90 to 10% by weight of at least one compound of the formula I or II ##STR1## or of a prepolymer of a compound of the formula I or II and, based on the sum of (a) and (b),(c) 0 to 50% by weight of at least one compound of the formula III ##STR2## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently of one another are each a hydrogen atom or methyl, n is 1 or 2 and m is 2 or 3, R is hydrogen or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radical, R' is an aliphatic radical, m- or p-phenylene or m- or p-phenylenoxy and R" is an m-valent organic radical with 2-14 30 C atoms, are suitable for the production of shaped articles, such as prepregs or laminates, coatings and glueings.

Abstract: Curable resins comprising a mixture of(a) at least one bisimide of the general formula I ##STR1## in which B represents a divalent radical containing a carbon-carbon double bond and A is a divalent radical containing at least two carbon atoms,(b) at least one amino acid hydrazide of formula IIH.sub.2 N--D--CO--NHNH.sub.2 IIin which D is a divalent group, and(c) at least one alkenylphenol or ether thereof of formula IIIG--(E).sub.m --G IIIin which m=0 or 1, E is a divalent radical and G represents a phenyl ring substituted by at least one alkenyl group and at least one hydroxy or alkoxy group.

Abstract: High molecular weight non cross-linked polyfluoroalkoxyphosphazenes containing some unsaturated groups can be cured (i.e. cross-linked) by contact with a catalyst consisting essentially of platinum, a platinum halide or a haloplatinic acid or their hydrates (e.g. chloroplatinic acid hydrate).

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a thermoset polymer having good adhesive properties comprising reacting a compound containing a plurality of oxazoline groups with an alkenyl phosphonic acid at a temperature of from about room temperature to about 300.degree. C. is described.