Abstract: Thermotropic poly(ester carbonates) such as the terephthalate/carbonate of a mixture of hydroquinose, resorcinol, tert-butylhydroquinone and methylhydroquinone. With a major proportion of the more readily available hydroquinone and resorcinol, thermotropic properties (liquid crystallinity in the melt) are observed.

Abstract: In an improved process for the preparation of aromatic polyesters by polycondensation of diphenols with aromatic dicarboxylic acid halides such as isophthalic acid chloride and/or terephthalic acid chloride, by a two-phase interface polycondensation method wherein a fine dispersion is produced from an aqueous phase consisting of a solution of diphenol, alkali metal hydroxide for the formation of the alkali metal diphenolate in a stoichiometric ratio or in a slight excess and a phase transfer catalyst like triethylbenzylammonium chloride, tetrabutyl ammonium iodide or crown ether in a mixture of water and an organic solvent as a solubilizer with the organic liquid phase consisting of a solution of the acid chloride in a halogenated solvent, where the diphenolate, transferred to the liquid phase by the phase transfer catalyst, reacts with the acid chloride in a polycondensation reaction for the formation of the polyester, and the polyester formed remains dissolved in the organic phase the improvement comprising

Abstract: A novel wholly aromatic polyester is provided which exhibits an optically anisotropic melt phase and an unusually low melting temperature which renders the same particularly suited for use as a matrix resin in the formation of a fiber reinforced composite article, etc. The polyester of the present invention consists essentially of recurring 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl moiety, p-oxybenzoyl moiety, 2,6-dioxyanthraquinone moiety, and dicarboxy aryl moiety (as described). The hydrogen atoms present upon the aromatic rings of these moieties optionally may be partially substituted (as described). The wholly aromatic polyester is capable of forming the desired anisotropic melt at a temperature below 260.degree. C., and in a particularly preferred embodiment at a temperature below approximately 250.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the production of polyesterpolycarbonate is described, which comprises reacting an aqueous alkaline solution of dihydric phenol and an organic solvent solution of acid chloride to prepare polyester oligomer, mixing chloroformate group-containing polycarbonate oligomer with the polyester oligomer, and polycondensing the polyester oligomer and the polycarbonate oligomer to form the polyesterpolycarbonate.

Abstract: A heat resisting aromatic polyester resin comprising (a) recurring units of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X is a bivalent group selected from the group consisting of an unsubstituted or substituted bivalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms,--O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --and--CO--, and (b) recurring units of the formula (II): ##STR2## wherein X is as defined above, R and R' are a group selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxyl, aryloxyl and phenylalkoxyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, their substituted groups, a halogen atom and a mixture thereof, p+q=1 to 8, and m and n are 0 or 1, but n is not 0 when m is 1, provided that up to 10% by mole of the total of the units: ##STR3## in the formulas (I) and (II) may be replaced with units: ##STR4## the ratio of (a)/[(a)+(b)]being from 0.05 to 0.95 by mole. The polyester resin is substantially amorphous and soluble in some organic solvents, and has an excellent heat resistance.

Abstract: The present invention provides containers having improved resistance to gas permeability. The containers are formed from a polyester resin which comprises the reaction product of a diol containing up to about 8 carbon atoms and a diacid component which comprises about 5 to 60 mole percent of a first diacid selected from [thiobis(p-phenyleneoxy)]diacetic acid, [sulfonylbis(p-phenyleneoxy)]diacetic acid, and mixtures thereof, and about 40 to 95 mole percent of terephthalic acid. The polyester resin has an inherent viscosity of about 0.5 to 1.5. The containers which are provided by the present invention may be in the form of sheet, film, molded articles, such as bottles, and other such structures.

Abstract: A polymer capable of forming an anisotropic melt characterized in that the polymer chain includes residues of cross-linking reactants at a concentration sufficient to give a polymer with a melt viscosity of not greater than 10.sup.7 Nsec/m.sup.2 measured by capillary rheometry at a shear rate of 10.sup.4 N/m.sup.2. The polymers exhibit favorable shear dependent viscosity characteristics in that the viscosity is high under low shear conditions and is low under high shear conditions, as judged by the viscosity characteristics of polymers of the same composition but not containing the residues of cross-linking reactants.

Abstract: Linear aromatic polyesters of bisphenols and dicarboxylic compounds are prepared by transesterification polymerization in either a fully continuous process or in a semi-continuous process wherein a first stage is conducted batchwise and a second stage is conducted in a continuous manner wherein the second stage employs a wiped film reactor, alternatively, a wiped film reactor followed by a vented extrusion reactor. The processes are preferably conducted in the presence of a catalyst in liquid form, and further under conditions wherein the catalyst is introduced to the polymerization concurrent with the introduction of liquid phase reactants to avoid substantial heating of the reactants in contact with the catalyst prior to onset of the transesterification reaction. The products of the processes have an unexpectedly low polydispersity.

Abstract: A melt-processable aromatic polyester anhydride characterized in that from 5 to 80% of the units linking the reactant residues in the polymer chain have the formula: ##STR1## the remaining linkages between the residues of the reactants being of the formula: ##STR2## optionally together with linkages of the formula: ##STR3## substantially all of said remaining linkages being disposed in coaxial or parallel and oppositely directed manner with respect to the residues to which they are linked, the polyester anhydride having a solubility of less than 5% by weight in dimethyl sulphoxide at room temperature.

Abstract: Filaments, films or moldings are prepared from meltable polyesters derived from chloro- or methyl-hydroquinone, terephthalic acid, a member of the group consisting of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, and 4-carboxy-4'-hydroxybiphenyl and a member of the group consisting of isophthalic acid, resorcinol and 1,3-hydroxybenzoic acid. As-spun filaments from these polymers can be heat treated while free from tension to increase their tenacity.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an aromatic polyester by reacting an aromatic dicarboxylic acid dichloride with an alkali metal salt of a bisphenol comprises adding 0.01 to 100 mol %, based on the total monomer quantity, of an acid halide into the reaction system.

Abstract: There is disclosed an aromatic, melt-processible, fiber-forming (co)polyester of a specified formula having recurring hydroxy-acid units bonded to a specified tie-point moiety, 2-4 different recurring hydroxy-acid units being present and one being present in from about 20-80 mole percent while the other different recurring unit(s) are present in a total of from about 80-20 mole percent. There are also disclosed fibers and other shaped articles made therefrom. Some of the disclosed (co)polyesters are mesogenic.

Abstract: A thermosetting binder composition for coating, comprising:(I) (1) A non-acidic resinous saturated compound having a molecular weight of at least 900, and an alcoholic hydroxyl content of at least 0.2 eq./100 g;(2) A non-acidic polyester of a polycarboxylic acid cross-linking agent having more than one .beta.-hydroxyl ester group per molecule, and at least one of components (1) and (2) having an alcoholic hydroxyl functionality of more than 2, and(II) A transesterification-promoting metal salt or complex curing catalyst which is soluble in liquid hydrocarbons.For aqueous compositions, component (I) (1) is preferably a neutralized epoxy resin/amine adduct and component (II) should be insoluble in water; they can be used for cathodic electrodeposition.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of aromatic polyesters by polycondensation of diphenols with chlorides of aromatic dicarboxylic acids by the two-phase interfacial polycondensation process, in which a dispersion as the reaction mixture is prepared from an aqueous phase, which contains the diphenolate formed with the aid of alkali metal hydroxide, and an organic-liquid phase containing the acid chlorides, this dispersion is passed, in the apparatus which is intended for carrying out the process and which comprises a reaction kettle and a dispersing device included with the latter in a circulation, through the dispersing device and the reaction kettle, the acid chloride dissolved in a largely anhydrous chlorinated solvent being continuously fed into this circulation at a point which, in the direction of flow, is upstream of the dispersing device.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions having improved resistance to oxygen and carbon dioxide permeability comprising a copolyester derived from an acid component consisting essentially of 55-99 mol % terephthalic acid, 45-1 mol % of at least one acid of the formula HOOC--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --COOH where n is 1 to 6, and a glycol component, at least 60 mol % of which is ethylene glycol, the copolyester having an I.V. of about 0.1-1.5.

Abstract: The new thermoplastic copolyester carbonates which are based on polybutylene glycols and hexahydrophthalic acid or trimethyladipic acid, as well as admixtures of copolyester carbonates of this type with known polycarbonates are suitable for thermoplastic moulding compositions, particularly where good stability to solvents, such as petrol, is required.

Abstract: Homopolyesters and copolyesters, of diacids and specific ketodiols, exhibiting melt-anisotropy and being melt-spinnable into oriented filaments that can be heat treated to high tenacity and modulus.

Abstract: A polyester or polyesteramide capable of forming an anisotropic melt containing residues derived from dicarboxylic acids, dihydric phenols, hydroxyaromatic acids and aminophenols characterized in that at least 10 mole % of the acid residues of the polymer are radicals derived from fumaric acid or a substituted fumaric acid. Preferably at least 10 mole % of the residues other than the residues of fumaric acid or substituted fumaric acid are aromatic ring-substituted residues. The polyester or polyesteramides of the invention are particularly suitable for blending with chlorine-containing polymers at concentrations of up to 25% by weight of the polymer blend to improve the processability of the chlorine-containing polymer. A polyester in which the acid residues are entirely aliphatic is particularly suitable for blending with poly(vinyl chloride).

Abstract: A thermotropic poly(ester carbonate) containing diacyl moieties such as terephthalate and carbonate moieties as well as dihydroxy-derived moieties is useful for forming fibers or films. The dihydroxy-derived moieties are at least 40% derived from t-butylhydroquinone, with hydroquinone and methylhydroquinone being exemplary second components. The polymers can be prepared by melt, solution or interfacial polymerization, are liquid crystalline in the melt and have glass transition temperatures above 100.degree. C.

Abstract: Copolyesters of iso- or terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, 1,3 bis(2-hydroxyethoxy) benzene, and possibly other diols, have lower 0.sub.2 and CO.sub.2 permeabilities because of the 1,3 bis(2-hydroxyethoxy) benzene reactant. Also disclosed are hollow containers, sheet and film made from such copolyesters.

Abstract: Fibrides of synthetic heterochain polymers are produced by a non-equilibrium polycondensation of an aqueous alkaline solution of bifunctional compounds supplied into the reaction zone as a continuous stream oriented in the horizontal plane of the reaction zone to be acylated with diacylchlorides of dicarboxylic acids in the state of a superheated vapor with a carrier supplied into the reaction zone in the vertical plane, the contacting of the reagents being effected in a cross-current stream under shear stress conditions.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing aromatic copolyesters involving in situ esterification with an isopropenyl ester of an alkyl acid, e.g., isopropenyl acetate. The process comprises reacting the aromatic hydroxy monomers with an isopropenyl ester of an alkyl acid such as isopropenyl acetate in a polymerization vessel in order to esterify the hydroxy moieties, and then polymerizing the esterified hydroxy monomers with aromatic carboxylic acid monomers in the resultant esterification reaction medium to form the aromatic copolyester. Both the esterification and polymerization reactions can be effectively conducted in the same vessel without having to separate out and/or transfer the esterification products from a separate vessel as the polyester polymerization is conducted in the esterification reaction mixture.

Abstract: Novel carbonate polymers comprised of the reaction product of a dihydric phenol, a carbonate precursor, and at least one imide selected from the group of compounds represented by the formulae ##STR1##

Abstract: An improved hydrolytically stable aromatic polyester-carbonate composition comprising in admixture an aromatic polyester-carbonate resin and a hydrolytically stabilizing amount of at least one stabilizing compound selected from epoxy silanes and epoxy siloxanes.

Abstract: Melt-spinnable, anisotropic melt-forming aromatic polyesters prepared from phenylterephthalic acid or mixtures thereof with terephthalic acid, one or more selected aromatic diols, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid; and filaments of such polyesters, the tenacity of which filaments can be increased by heat treatment.

Abstract: A monoaxially or biaxially stretched film structure, or a heat-set structure thereof, of an unstretched film of an aromatic polyester of the poly-1,3-phenylene terephthalate type, said aromatic polyester having an intrinsic viscosity, determined in p-chlorophenol at 50.degree. C., of 0.4 to 2.0 and being composed of [A] polybasic carboxylic acid component units consisting of terephthalic acid units (a.sub.1) and units (a.sub.2) of a polybasic carboxylic acid other than terephthalic acid, the proportion of the units (a.sub.2) being up to 25 mole % based on the units (a.sub.1) and units (a.sub.2) combined, and [B] polyol component units consisting of resorcinol units (b.sub.1) and units (b.sub.2) of a polyol other than resorcinol, the proportion of the units (b.sub.2) being up to 25 mole % based on the units (b.sub.1) and (b.sub.2) combined.

Abstract: Disclosed are liquid crystal copolyesters prepared from p-hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroquinone, a C.sub.8 to C.sub.12 linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and optionally an aromatic dicarboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, 1,5 naphthalene dicarboxylic acid and 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: An aromatic polyester copolymer consisting of 10 to 90 mol % of a recurring unit of the formula: ##STR1## and 90 to 10 mol % of a recurring unit of the formula: ##STR2## and having a logarithmic viscosity number of at least 0.3 as measured in a mixture of phenol and tetrachloroethane (6:4 in weight ratio) at a concentration of 1 g/100 cc at 25.degree. C. and having a terminal carboxyl content of about 80 mol eq./ton or less. This aromatic polyester copolymer has high durability under dry and moist heat as well as high resistance to water crazing and hence can be fabricated into useful articles by various molding techniques.

Abstract: Ordered ester/carbonate copolymers having improved properties at higher solids are provided by (1) contacting a dihydric organic compound such as bisphenol-A with a diacid halide such as terephthaloyl chloride and a carbonate precursor such as phosgene under conditions sufficient to form an ester/carbonate oligomer and (2) contacting the oligomer with additional carbonate precursor to produce the desired ordered ester/carbonate copolymer.

Abstract: A new polyester resin is produced by condensation polymerization of (a) a diol component of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkylene group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; and x and y are positive integers, the sum of them being 2 to 16 on an average, and (b) an acid component of polybasic (at least dibasic) carboxylic acid, anhydride thereof, and lower alkyl ester thereof, said acid component (b) containing 1 to 50 mol % of a dibasic carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof of the formula: ##STR2## where R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon groups of 4 to 20 carbon atoms and 10 to 30 mol % of trimellitic acid or anhydride thereof. The polyester has improved toughness, abrasion resistance and flexibility.

Abstract: Modified resorcinol polymers are prepared by mixing acid or base with liquid phenol-resorcinol resin, permitting the mixture to stand for a period of at least about 48 hours followed by separation of an aqueous solution from the resin to recover the resorcinol polymer. The modified resorcinol has improved physical characteristics when employed in molding compositions, coating compositions and the like.

Abstract: An aromatic polyester amide is produced by reacting hydroxyphenyl-aminophenyl-propane with aromatic dicarboxylic acid dihalide in the presence of an inert organic solvent, and bringing the organic solvent phase containing the mixture of the reaction products of the above reaction into contact with an aqueous phase containing an acid-acceptor, whereby completing polycondensation reaction. In order to control the dissolution of water into the organic solvent phase while maintaining an adequate level of miscibility between the organic solvent phase and the aqueous phase, a neutral salt of inorganic electrolyte, such as sodium chloride, is added to the aqueous phase containing the acid-acceptor.

Abstract: Disclosed are copolyesters based on terephthalic or isophthalic acids, or both and at least one of 1,3 bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzene and bis(4-.beta.-hydroxyethoxyphenyl) sulfone, which also contain 1,4 bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzene as one of the diol reactants in order to prepare solid copolyesters having improved folding endurance or fatigue resistance than the same copolyesters without such coreactant.

Abstract: New, easily processable, polyaromatic esters were prepared from 2,2'-diiododiphenyl-4,4'-dicarbonyl dichloride, isophthaloyl chloride and/or terephthaloyl chloride in combination with 4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol, 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol, or resorcinol by interfacial condensation. In these polymers, phenylacetylenyl groups can be easily introduced into the polymer chain by replacing the iodine. This process leads to soluble and curable polymers from which films can be prepared. After curing the polymers are insoluble and show excellent thermal and chemical resistance. The curing process increases the polymers' softening temperature about 20.degree. C.

Abstract: Copolyesters useful for fibers having high elongation and modulus contain minor amounts of ##STR1## units where Y is oxygen or carbonyl.

Abstract: Copolyester-carbonate resins, and articles molded therefrom, exhibiting improved processability comprising the reaction product of; (i) at least one dihydric phenol; (ii) a carbonyl halide carbonate precursor; (iii) at least one difunctional carboxylic acid or a reactive derivative thereof; and (iv) at least one bishaloformate represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein X represents a halogen radical and R represents an alkylene radical, said bishaloformate being present in an amount effective to improve the processability of said resin.

Abstract: Segment-ester polycarbonates have improved resistance to high heat distortion when portions of the polymer contain units derived from 4,4'-cyclohexylidenediphenol and derivatives thereof. Preferred high heat distortion segment-ester polycarbonates include the copolyestercarbonate with segments derived from isophthalic acid and 4,4'-cyclohexylidenediphenol and/or terephthalic acid and 4,4'-cyclohexylidenediphenol. Films made of the segment-ester copolycarbonates have improved resistance to high heat distortion.

Abstract: Disclosed are liquid crystal copolyesters prepared from p-hydroxybenzoic acid, isophthalic acid, hydroquinone and 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane.

Abstract: A novel wholly aromatic polyester is provided which contains specified concentrations of recurring 2,6-dicarboxynaphthalene moiety, 2,6-dioxynaphthalene moiety, terephthaloyl moiety, and 1,4-dioxybenzene moiety. It has been found that such polyester is capable of exhibiting an anisotropic melt phase which is readily melt processable to form quality fibers, films, molded articles, etc. The absence in the polymer chain of moieties derived from hydroxy acids has been found to yield a highly linear more extended polymer chain along the polyester which contributes to the stiffness characteristics of shaped articles comprising the same.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for preparing polyarylates which comprises reacting a diester derivative of a dihydric phenol with an aromatic dicarboxylic acid in the presence of from about 10 to about 60 weight percent of at least one particular halogenated and/or etherated substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic compound, at a temperature of from about 260.degree. to about 350.degree. C.

Abstract: Fiber-forming aromatic polyester consisting essentially of 1,4-dioxyphenylene units, isophthaloyl units, p-oxybenzoyl units and 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl units.

Abstract: A process for producing an aromatic polyesterpolycarbonate, which comprises polycondensing (a) a dihydroxydiaryl compound, (b) a terephthaloyl chloride and/or isophthaloyl chloride reactant, and (c) phosgene by an interfacial polymerization process in the presence of water, methylene chloride and an acid binding agent thereby preparing an aromatic polyesterpolycarbonate product containing structural units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is a divalent group, and the aromatic rings may be substituted, and structural units of the formula: ##STR2## wherein X is a divalent group, and the aromatic rings may be substituted, said condensation reaction being characterized in that after at least 95% of the total --COCl groups in the terephthaloyl chloride and/or isophthaloyl chloride and phosgene starting materials has reacted, a chloroformate compound or additional phosgene is added to the reaction mixture in an amount to bring the concentration of --COCl groups to a level of 10 to 1000 .mu.

Abstract: Fiber-forming aromatic polyester consisting essentially of 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl units, and units derived from certain dihydric phenols, and aromatic dicarboxylic acids.

Abstract: An improved wholly aromatic polyester is provided which exhibits an anisotropic melt phase and which is capable of readily undergoing melt processing. The wholly aromatic polyester consists essentially of the recurring units (a) p-oxybenzoyl moiety, (b) 2,6-dioxynaphthalene moiety, (c) 2,6-dioxyanthraquinone moiety, and (d) terephthaloyl moiety in the concentrations indicated. The resulting polymer is substantially free of aromatic rings possessing ring substitution and meta disposed linkages in the polymer chain. The present invention represents an improvement over the polyester of U.S. Pat. No. 4,184,996 since the melt phase may be formed at an advantageously reduced temperature thereby better facilitating the use of standard melt processing equipment when forming fibers, films, three-dimensional shaped articles, etc.

Abstract: A thermoplastic polymeric material comprises a copolymer which is a poly(bisphenol A tere- and/or isophthalate) copolycarbonate having a molar ratio of phthalate to carbonate units in the inclusive range from 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 8. The material, which may be prepared by techniques which are known, may be used in applications for high temperature transparent thermoplastics, eg transparencies for the aerospace industry.

Abstract: Anisotropic melts are disclosed which can be shaped, based on aromatic polyesters containing linkages of the arylaliphatic ether type.These melts consist of homopolyesters having units of the formulae: ##STR1## in which n equals 4 or 6 and X=H, Cl or CH.sub.3, with the proviso that when n equals 4, X only represents Cl or CH.sub.3, the flow points of these polymers being between 200.degree. and 340.degree. C. These anisotropic melts make it possible to obtain filaments, films and molded articles possessing good mechanical properties.

Abstract: Polymers and copolymers derived from at least 20 mole percent 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid of which at least 80 mole percent is trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, up to 80 mole percent terephthalic acid, terephthalic acid substituted with 1 or 2 chlorine or bromine atoms or an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid substituted with 1 or 2 chlorine or bromine atoms or an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, at least 20 mole percent phenylhydroquinone, 0-45 mole percent hydroquinone and 0-35 mole percent of a hydroquinone substituted with 1 or 2 chlorine or bromine atoms or an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Photocrosslinkable, organic-solvent-soluble polymers having a Tg greater than 200.degree. C., are disclosed. The polymer contains sufficient radiation-sensitive crosslinkable units to render the polymer insoluble in organic solvents on exposure to radiation to which the crosslinkable units of the polymer are sensitive.

Abstract: Fiber-forming aromatic polyester consisting essentially of 1,4-dioxyphenylene units, lower alkyl or halo-1,4-dioxyphenylene units, terephthaloyl units and 3-carbonyl-4'-oxybenzophenone or 4-carbonyl-4'-oxybenzophenone units or chloro- and/or methyl substituted homologs of these.

Abstract: Aromatic polyesters based on diphenols, terephthalic and isophthalic acid and particular chain terminators exhibit an improved color number, an improved flowability and increased dimensional heat stability with otherwise comparable mechanical characteristics.