Abstract: A process for the production of a terminal-blocked aromatic polycarbonate by melt-polycondensing an aromatic dihydroxy compound and diphenylcarbonate, the process comprising adding a specific carbonate or carboxylic ester after a polycarbonate formed has an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.3 dl/g, to form a terminal-blocked polycarbonate having an intrinsic viscosity which is greater than, or smaller than, the intrinsic viscosity of the polycarbonate formed before the addition by 0.1 dl/g at the most; and a process for the production of a polycarbonate having an increased intrinsic viscosity by melt-polycondensing an aromatic dihydroxy compound and diphenylcarbonate, the process comprising adding a specific diaryl carbonate or dicarboxylic diaryl ester after a polycarbonate formed has an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.3 dl/g, to form a polycarbonate having an intrinsic viscosity greater than the intrinsic viscosity of the polycarbonate formed before the addition by more than 0.1 dl/g.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are thermotropic liquid crystalline poly(ester-amides) containing repeat units derived from alipatic diamines and other monomers, such as aromatic diols, aromatic dicarboxylic acids, aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids, and optionally aliphatic diols. The polymers are particularly useful as films and in multilayer structures as barrier layers because of their relatively low permeability to various compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides polyesters of terephthalic acid units and ethylene glycol units, having excellent melt moldability. The invention also provides molded articles having excellent transparency, impact resistance, gelation characteristics, appearance, tactility, mechanical properties, heat resistance, chemical resistance, and dimensional precision.

Abstract: A polyester composition with a polymer component which contains 99.8-60 wt % of a polyester with a terminal carboxyl group concentration of not more than 10 equivalents/10.sup.6 g (A) and 0.2-40 wt % of a thermoplastic polymer containing no fluorine atoms (B), and which also includes 0.005-1.5 wt % of unreacted carbodiimide compound (C), polyester monofilaments obtained from the composition, an industrial fabric and paper drier canvas which employ the polyester monofilaments, and a rubber mold reinforced with the polyester monofilaments.The composition is obtained by kneading in the polyester either after or during the process of melting and kneading the thermoplastic polymer containing no fluorine atoms and the carbodiimide compound, and the composition is spun, drawn and thermoset to obtain polyester monofilaments.

Abstract: For the preparation of polyesters and copolyesters, titanium dioxide/silicon dioxide coprecipitates having a composition of TiO.sub.2 :SiO.sub.2 =90:10 to 20:80 mol/mol and/or titanium dioxide/zirconium dioxide coprecipitates having a composition of TiO.sub.2 : ZrO.sub.2 =95:5 to 70:30 mol/mol are proposed as polycondensation catalysts. They have a higher catalytic activity than Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3, so that the preferred amount used is only 10 to 100 ppm, based on the esters or oligoesters to be subjected to polycondensation.

Abstract: An improved process and apparatus for the production of polyester or other polycondesation polymers is disclosed. In particular, polymerization is conducted in a reaction vessel equipped with a specially designed agitator that exposes the polymer melt partially filling the reaction vessel to inert gas flowing through the vessel. The agitator comprises a plurality of elements that lift a portion of a polymer melt in the reaction vessel and generate films of the polymer melt which films extends in planes that are substantially parallel to the axis of the agitator and the flow of gas through the reaction vessel. In a preferred process, a melt of dihydroxy ethyl terephthalate, or its low molecular oligomers, obtained by esterifying terephthalic acid or transesterifying dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol, is intimately contacted with an inert gas at about atmospheric pressure in order to remove the reaction by-products and facilitate polymerization.

Abstract: A sulfonated dicarboxylic acid and a diaromatic carbonate are reacted by a solution process to form a sulfonated aromatic diester such as dipbenyl sodium 5-sulfoisophthalate. The sulfonated aromatic diester is reacted with an aromatic polymer precursor mixture such as bisphenol A and diphenyl carbonate, polymer or combination thereof, at a temperature above the melting point of the polymer or a member of the aromatic polymer precursor to form a randomly positioned sulfonated aromatic moiety in a polymer chain of a thermoplastic non-crosslinked aromatic polymer such as a linear polycarbonate.

Abstract: A process for making a transparent film comprising a liquid crystalline polymer, and a transparent film made thereby having high barrier properties. In this process, the LCP is dissolved in an appropriate solvent, then cast into a film at ambient or near-ambient temperatures. The film optionally may be dried at elevated temperatures and/or reduced pressures to remove the solvent. The film is then annealed at a temperature between the glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) and the melting point temperature (T.sub.m) of the polymer. The result is a highly transparent film having liquid crystalline morphology and high barrier properties.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing high molecular weight polyester polymers, such as poly(butylene terephthalate), an alkylene glycol and a di- or tricarboxylic acid by first preparing a pre-polymer in the form of uniform solid particles having an intrinsic viscosity of from 0.1 to about 0.3 dL/gm and a chemical composition which contains greater than a 1% stoichiometric excess of the alkylene glycol above the amount required to produce a high molecular weight polymer, and polymerizing the pre-polymer in the solid state.

Abstract: A wholly aromatic polyester having excellent moldability, heat resistance and blistering resistance and a composition thereof are obtained from an aromatic polyester composed of six specified types of structural unit and having an optical melt anisotropy. The composition can provide electronic heater parts and oven-ware both excellent in mechanical strength, heat resistance, moldability and microwave oven resistance, and various other heat-resistant members. Molded articles made from this composition can be coated with fluorocarbon resin without the necessity for pretreatment such as heat treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a random copolyester containing naphthalene ring structure, in particular to a random copolyester containing a first repeating unit which is the same as that of polyalkylene naphthalate, such as polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and polybutylene naphthalate (PBN), and a second repeating unit which is similar to the first repeating unit except that an aryl ether linkage is incorporated thereto. The present copolyester can be prepared from a dihydroxyethoxy compound and bis(hydroxyalkyl)naphthalate via a direct melt polycondensation in the presence of a metallic catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a new catalyst for the production of polyesters consisting essentially of a finely dispersed, large surface area titanium compound selected from hydrated TiO.sub.2 obtained by hydrolysis and having the composition yTiO.sub.2.zH.sub.2 O and from titanates having the composition (Me.sub.n O).sub.x.(TiO.sub.2).sub.y.(H.sub.2 O).sub.z, wherein Me is an alkaline earth metal or alkali metal. In addition, the present method comprises a process for the production of polyesters using this catalyst as an esterification or transesterification catalyst and as a polycondensation catalyst, whereby a phosphorous-oxygen-compound is added immediately before, during, or after the polycondensation.

Abstract: An aromatic polyester having recurring monomer units derived from terephthalic acid, 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4,4'-biphenol, and resorcinol. This polyester is melt processible and may be amorphous or semi-crystalline.

Abstract: Polyestercarbonates, particularly those containing aliphatic dicarboxylic acid-derived structural units, are redistributed by heating in the presence of a carbonate redistribution catalyst, and, optionally, a diaryl carbonate. The redistribution products have weight average molecular weights different from, and typically lower than, the initial molecular weight.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a polyester gas separation membrane which is obtained by the interfacial polymerization of benzenetricarbonyl trihalide or benzene tetracarbonyl tetrahalide in a water-insoluble organic solvent in one phase and a variety of polyfunctional phenols present as the di- or tri-salt in a mixture of water and phase transfer agent and a water-soluble organic solvent in the second phase. The present invention also includes the polyester membrane itself, its methods of preparation and the use of the membranes to separate gas mixtures, such as carbon dioxide and methane, helium and methane and the like.

Abstract: A new process is described for recycling polyesters. In accordance with the described process, postconsumer or scrap polyester is reacted with glycol to produce a monomer or low molecular weight oligomer by depolymerization of the polyester. The monomer or oligomer, as the case may be, is then purified using one or more of a number of steps including filtration, crystallization, and optionally adsorbent treatment or evaporation. The monomer or oligomer thus produced is particularly suitable as a raw material for acid or ester based polyester production of packaging grade polyester material. Because the process includes purification steps, specifications for the previously used polyester material need not be strict.

Abstract: This invention relates to a molded object prepared from a copolyester having an inherent viscosity of 0.4 to 1.1 dL/g,wherein the acid component comprises repeat units from 90 to 40 mole % terephthalic acid and from 10 to 60 mole % of one or more additional dibasic acids selected from the group consisting of isophthalic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diphenyldicarboxylic acid, and stilbenedicarboxylic acid;wherein the glycol component comprises repeat units from 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol.

Abstract: Novel poly(arylester-carbonate)s of the formula ##STR1## are disclosed, as well a process for preparing such poly(arylester-carbonate)s.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for use in a polycondensation reaction for making poly(ethylene terephthalate) from terephthalic acid comprising: (a) an antimony salt catalyst present in a range from about 10 to about 1,000 ppm; (b) a metal salt catalyst of at least one of cobalt, magnesium, zinc, manganese, calcium, and lead, present in a range from about 10 to about 500 ppm; and (c) an alkali metal acetate, present in a range from about 10 to about 500 ppm; all amounts are based on the metallic elements relative to the theoretical yield of the poly(ethylene terephthalate), by weight, to be made from the terephthalic acid. The catalyst composition was found to have increased the reaction rate in the production of poly(ethylene terephthalate), as well as improved the color of the produced product, by reducing the degree of yellowness in the final poly(ethylene terephthalate) product. Attenuation of the yellowish color indicates a reduction in the amount of undesired side reaction product.

Abstract: A process for producing an anisotropic melt-phase forming polymer involving separate acetylation and polymerization steps, which utilizes controlled vapor phase reflux to reduce reactant loss and assist in maintaining the stoichiometry of the process.

Abstract: Described is a polycarbonate, polyester, or polyestercarbonate composition prepared from a reaction mixture comprising at least one diol and at least one carbonate precursor or ester precursor, wherein at least about 95 mole percent of the diol present in the reaction mixture consists of one or more aromatic diols, at least about 10 mole percent of which consists of one or more stilbene diols. The composition of the invention advantageously has a relatively high thermal resistance, melting temperature, tensile and flexural properties, and/or resistance to thermal embrittlement. Moreover, the polymers of the invention which are thermotropic liquid crystalline also advantageously possess a broad temperature range for liquid crystallinity, good melt processibility, a low coefficient of thermal expansion, a high ignition resistance, high solvent resistance, and/or good barrier properties.

Abstract: A two-step process for making polyetherester resins is disclosed. A low molecular weight polyol reacts with an aromatic dicarboxylic acid in step one to produce a polyester intermediate. In step two, the polyester intermediate reacts with an anhydride or an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid in the presence of an insertion catalyst to produce a polyetherester resin that contains greater than about 10 wt. % of recurring units derived from the aromatic dicarboxylic acid. The polyetheresters are useful for making thermoset resins with excellent mechanical properties and chemical resistance.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for use in a polycondensation reaction for making poly(ethylene terephthalate) from terephthalic acid comprising: (a) an antimony salt catalyst present in a range from about 10 to about 1,000 ppm; (b) a metal salt catalyst of at least one of cobalt, magnesium, zinc, manganese, calcium, and lead, present in a range from about 10 to about 500 ppm; and (c) a phosphorus salt co-catalyst selected from the group consisting of alkali metal phosphates, alkali metal phosphites, alkali metal hypophosphites and alkali metal polyphosphates, present in a range from about 10 to about 500 ppm; all amounts are based on the metallic or phosphorus element relative to the theoretical yield of the poly(ethylene terephthalate), by weight, to be made from the terephthalic acid.

Abstract: Polymeric polyetheramidoamine hydrogel materials, which are capable of complexing heparin in physiological conditions are herein described. Said materials are useful in the manufacturing of medical devices.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided an improvement which comprises adding an acid compound and if necessary an epoxy compound to a reaction product resulting from melt polycondensation reaction of an aromatic dihydroxy compound with a carbonic acid diester in the presence of an alkaline compound catalyst.

Abstract: Hydrodegradable polyesters based upon the random copolymerization of aromatic and absorbable aliphatic polyesters are disclosed. The hydrodegradable polyesters are useful in preparing a variety of products including disposable containers, disposable diapers, fishing lines and nets, and the like.

Abstract: This invention is an improved process for producing polyester copolymers, which employs a combination of an acid-based process and an ester-based process. The ester-based process is used to manufacture a low molecular weight naphthalate-based polymer, and the acid-based process is used to manufacture phthalate-based oligomers. The low molecular weight naphthalate-based polymer is combined with the phthalate-based oligomers, or the raw materials used to form the phthalate-based oligomers, to form a random polyester copolymer. Specifically, the process of the invention may be employed to manufacture, in an ester-based process, a low molecular weight polyethylene naphthalate polymer, which is then combined with polyethylene terephthalate oligomers produced in an acid-based process, and the acid-based process is then used to continue the polymerization reaction. Ester interchange reactions and further polymerization result in the production of a random polyethylene terephthalate/naphthalate copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel one-step processes for preparing highly branched macromolecule polymers that have highly controlled molecular architectures. The process comprises the reaction of a branching monomer such as a substituted phenyl compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are defined herein, with a core monomer and an end-capping monomer, such as a phenolic ester, for a sufficient period of time and at a sufficient temperature to directly produce the highly branched polymer, in a single processing step.

Abstract: The specification describes a method for preparing a phenol-modified dicyclopentadiene resin. The method comprises reacting (a) dicyclopentadiene, (b) a phenol selected from the group consisting of an alkyl phenol having the formula CH.sub.3 C.sub.n H.sub.2n C.sub.6 H.sub.4 OH, where n is from 1 to 9, and a bisphenol having the formula HOC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CR.sub.2).sub.x C.sub.6 H.sub.4 OH, where R is independently hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group and x is from 1 to 4, or mixtures thereof; (c) a fatty acid or a derivative thereof selected from the group consisting of tall oil, a tall oil derivative, dimer fatty acid, linseed oil and mixtures thereof; and (d) an unsaturated organic diacid or an anhydride thereof, at a temperature and autogenous pressure sufficient to produce a phenol-modified dicyclopentadiene resin. The resin product exhibits improved compatibility with ink vehicles and formulations, particularly ARLO or alkyd modified inks.

Abstract: Polyetheramidoamine hydrogels consisting of polyetheramidomaine and/or polyamidoamine prepolymers crosslinked by Michael's nuceophilic polyaddition with alpha-omega-diamino monomers or with alpha-omega-diamino monomers or oligomers; said hydrogels having a swelling degree in water higher than 500% and are useful as superabsorbent materials.

Abstract: A coat resin composition comprising a polyester (A) comprising an acid component comprising an aromatic dicarboxylic acid in a proportion of 50-100% by mole relative to the entire acid component and other carboxylic acid(s) in a proportion of 50-0% by mole relative to the entire acid component, and a glycol component comprising 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol and/or 1,3-propanediol in a proportion of 1-25% by mole relative to the entire glycol component and an alkylene glycol having 5 to 10 carbon atoms in a proportion of 75-99% by mole relative to the entire glycol component, or an alicyclic glycol in a proportion of 20-85% by mole relative to the entire glycol component, an addition product of bisphenol A with alkylene oxide in a proportion of 80-15% by mole relative to the entire glycol component and other glycol(s) in a proportion of 0-50% by mole relative to the entire glycol component, wherein the total of the glycols is 100% by mole, the polyester (A) having a reduced viscosity of not less than 0.

Abstract: To provide novel polycarbonates and a manufacturing method for them.Copolycarbonates obtained by copolymerizing at least two aromatic dihydroxy compounds and a compound capable of introducing carbonate links. Preferably, they contain, as the components derived from the aromatic dihydroxy compounds, constituent units described by formulas [I] and [II] in proportions of from 8.times.10.sup.-5 to 3.times.10.sup.-2 moles of [II] per mole of [I], and preferably they have a limiting viscosity number [.eta.] of from 0.2 to 1.2 dL/g, as measured in methylene chloride at 20.degree. C. ##STR1## (X, Y,: Alkylene, cycloalkylene, --O--, --S--, --SO--, OR --SO.sub.2 --. R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.7, R.sup.8 : hydrocarbon group with from 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted with halogen; or a halogen atom. m, n, p: Integers ranging from 0 to 4, indicating the number of substituents. q: Integer ranging from 0 to 3, indicating the number of substituents. R.sup.

Abstract: Unsaturated linear polymers have repeating units of a reaction product of a first monomer, a second monomer, a third monomer and optionally a fourth monomer. The linear polymers have a glass transition temperature ranging from about 52.degree. C. to about 61.degree. C. The first monomer should have a weight average molecular weight less than 200. The second monomer may be a dicarboxylic acid or diester which is different than the third monomer. A concentration of second residues of the polymer, derived from the second monomer, ranges from about 3 wt. % to about 15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the polymer. The third monomer is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid or an ester thereof. In the polymer, a concentration of third residues, derived from the third monomer, ranges from about 40 wt. % to about 55 wt. %, based on the total weight of the polymer. The fourth monomer is a diol having a higher molecular weight than the first monomer.

Abstract: This invention provides novel copolycarbonates that exhibit improvements in glass transition temperature, refractive index, and limiting oxygen index compared to prior art thiodiphenol/bisphenol A copolycarbonates. The copolycarbonates of this invention comprise the reaction products of 4,4'-thiodiphenol and compounds such as 9,9-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene with phosgene. They are useful as components of multilayered polymeric reflective bodies.

Abstract: Provided is a polyester from 9,9-bis[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]fluorenes as a diol component, and this novel polymer is excellent in transparency and heat resistance, has small optical anisotropy, is excellent in moldability, dimensional stability and chemical resistance and is industrially suitable for use in the fields of optical materials, fibers, films and sheets.

Abstract: This invention relates to liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs) derived from (I) hydroquinone and/or 4,4'-biphenol and/or bis(4-hydroxylphenyl) ether, (II) terephthalic acid, (lII) 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid and/or 4,4'-bibenzoic acid, (IV) 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, (V) 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, and optionally (VI) an aliphatic diol in specified ratios. In addition to forming exceptionally tough films, the LCPs are useful as molding resins or for blending with other thermoplastic polymers.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for use in the preparation of poly(butylene terephthalate) from dimethyl terephthalate, comprising: (a) a titanium compound primary catalyst, from about 0.0005 PHR to about 5 PHR; (b) a first co-catalyst containing at least one of Zn, Co, Mn, Mg, Ca, or Pb series compounds, between about 0.0001 PHR and 5 PHR; and (c) a second co-catalyst containing an alkali metal phosphate, an alkali metal phosphite, an alkali hypophosphite, or an alkali metal polyphosphate between about 0.0001 PHR and 5 PHR; wherein PHR represents parts of the primary catalyst or the co-catalyst per one hundred parts, by weight, of dimethyl terephthalate. Preferred titanium compounds include tetrabutyl titanate or tetra(isopropyl)titanate. Preferred metal compounds for use as first co-catalyst are metal acetates. The alkali metal phosphate can be a phosphate salt containing one, two, or three metal groups; and the alkali metal phosphite can be a phosphite salt containing one or two metal groups.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for use in the preparation of poly(butylene terephthalate) from dimethyl terephthalate, comprising: (a) a titanium compound primary catalyst, from about 0.01 PHR to about 1 PHR; and (b) an alkali metal phosphate or alkali metal phosphite co-catalyst, from about 0.001 PHR to about 1 PHR; wherein PHR represents parts of the primary catalyst or the co-catalyst per one hundred parts, by weight, of dimethyl terephthalate. Preferred titanium compounds include tetrabutyl titanate or tetra(isopropyl) titanate; the alkali metal phosphate can be a phosphate salt containing one, two, or three metal groups; and the alkali metal phosphite can be a phosphite salt containing one or two metal groups. With this catalyst composition, the transesterification rate was increased by 10 percent or more. Furthermore, the reaction product poly(butylene terephthalate) shows an increased intrinsic viscosity over those without the co-catalyst, indicating a greater degree of polymerization.

Abstract: This invention relates to a polymeric vehicle comprising a modified polymer containing covalently bonded mesogenic groups. The modified polymer may be used as the sole component of the polymeric vehicle for a coating to which may be added solvents and known additives to provide a formulated coating. The polymeric vehicle may further include other modified or unmodified polymers and cross-linking resins. The polymeric vehicle provides a coating binder and coating film of high hardness, flexibility and impact resistance.

Abstract: Crosslinkable, polyaromatic, polyether or polyester oligomers can have glass transition temperatures above 900.degree. F. while exhibiting desirable toughness for aerospace applications and ease of processing. A plurality (i.e. three or more) of generally linear aryl arms extend outwardly like spokes from a central aromatic hub through ether or ester linkages. Each spoke usually includes electronegative linkages, and is capped with one or two crosslinking functionalities (i.e. unsaturated hydrocarbon sites) which may be thermally or chemically activated to complete the advanced composite during curing. Among other methods, linear and multidimensional polyether oligomers are synthesized using nitrophthalic anhydride or halophthalic anhydride, dialcohols, or polyols, diamines, and suitable end caps.

Abstract: Granules collected from a solution of a polycarbonate, an integrated structure of independent fine particles constituting the granules being formed at least on the surfaces of the granules; and a process for preparing the granules of the polycarbonate which comprises the steps of adding a poor solvent to the polycarbonate solution, and then agitation-granulating fine particles of the polycarbonate into the granules, while stirring involving a shear force-imparting function is carried out under heating. According to the present invention, the polycarbonate or the like can be collected from its organic solvent solution as the granules having good drying properties.

Abstract: Polyester resins suitable as binders for electrophotographic toners and for acceptor layers for the thermal diffusion printing process based on hydroxyl-containing prepolymers of olefinically unsaturated monomers obtained by(1) polymerization of a mixture of(a) from 60 to 90% by weight of styrene or of a styrene derivative,(b) from 0 to 40% by weight of one or more C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: The description relates to novel liquid-crystalline polyesters containing the following repeating units: A having the formula: ##STR1## and B having the formula ##STR2## The novel polyesters are of use e.g. as starting materials for production of fibres with improved mechanical properties. They can either be converted as such into fibres or can be added to conventional fibre-forming matrix polymers.

Abstract: Novel thermotropic liquid crystalline polyesters derived from t-butylhydroquinone, terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid are described. These polymers are useful as molding resins.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for blow molding articles from liquid crystal polymers containing ionic moieties in the backbone. The ionic moieties increase the melt viscosity of the polymers sufficiently high to blow mold articles therefrom. An illustrative liquid crystal polymer is made from 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid and sodium 5-sulfoisophthalate.

Abstract: Hydroxy-substituted-bis-phenyl cyclopropanes of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are selected from H or OH, at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 being o, m or p-OH, are useful as monomers to provide cross-linkable polymers useful in fiber reinforced plastics, thermosetting molding compounds, elastomers, advanced composites and other applications; the compounds (I) may be produced by the base catalyzed decomposition of a pyrazoline of formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined hereinbefore.

Abstract: Aqueous filler composition comprising a polyester resin, which is built up of the educts (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) or their ester-forming derivatives, the sum of the reactants corresponding to 100 mol-% and the ratio of the sum of the hydroxyl equivalents (eg OH) to the sum of the carboxyl equivalents in the reactants being between 0.5 and 2.0, where(a) is at least one dicarboxylic acid which is not a sulfo or phosphorus monomer,(b) is 0 to 15 mol-% of at least one difunctional sulfo or phosphono monomer, the functional groups of which are carboxyl and/or hydroxyl groups, having at least one sulfonate or phosphonate group,(c) is at least one difunctional compound which is derived from a glycol containing two --C(R).sub.

Abstract: This invention provides an improved process for preparing phenol-functional polyester resins which are useful in thermosetting coating compositions. The process involves a polycondensation reaction comprising a two-step charging procedure and suitable reaction conditions.

Abstract: Thermally depolymerizable polyoxalate and polymalonate polymers which contain hydrocarbon groups having from 6 to 30 carbon atoms and a tertiary carbon atom attached to at least one of the bridging oxygen atoms in the structure are usable as binders for powdered glass ceramic or metallic materials, and as rheological control agents in paste formulations.

Abstract: A resin composition for toners, composed essentially of a suspension polymerizate of:(a) 5 to 40% by weight per total polymer of a polyester comprising at least one aromatic diol component an at least one aliphatic diol component, and having a weight average molecular weight of 3,000 to 30,000, an acid value of 0.5 to 10 mgKOH/g, and an OH value of 10 to 60 mgKOH/g;(b) 60 to 95% by weight per total polymer of a vinyl monomer; and(c) 0.1 to 1.0% by weight per total polymer of a divinyl monomer,wherein said suspension polymerizate hasa glass transition temperature of 40.degree. to 70.degree. C.,an acid value of 0.1 to 10 mgKOH/g, anda softening temperature of 100.degree. to 160.degree. C.