Abstract: A sterically hindered phenol and phosphite based compound represented the following formula: and its use as an antioxidant in a wide range of materials including, but not limited to, food, plastics, elastomers, composites and petroleum based products is disclosed herein.

Abstract: A resin having a fluorene structure, a relatively high carbon concentration in the resin, a relatively high heat resistance and a relatively high solvent solubility has a structure represented by wherein each of R3 and R4 independently denotes a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, a carbon atom at the bridgehead of a fluorene backbone or (di)benzofluorene backbone is bonded with a carbon atom of each of other aromatic rings, and a carbon atom of each of aromatic rings of a fluorene backbone or (di)benzofluorene backbone is bonded with a carbon atom at the bridgehead of other fluorene backbone or (di)benzofluorene backbone. The resin can be applied to a wet process. Methods for producing the resin, for forming an underlayer film useful for forming a novel resist, and for pattern forming using the material, and an underlayer film excellent in heat resistance and etching resistance for multilayer resist are described.

Abstract: A polymer dye has repeating units of formula (I): Each of R1, R2, and R3 is independently a monocyclic carbocyclic group, a condensed polycyclic carbocyclic group, a monocyclic heterocyclic group, or a condensed polycyclic heterocyclic group. In any case, each of R1, R2, and R3 independently may have a substituent. R1 is a divalent group, and R2 and R3 are monovalent groups. D is an organic dye group and n is an integer of from 0 to 10. The polymer dye has a number-average molecular weight of from 500 to 500,000. The dye can be a component in a film. The dye can also be included in various industrial materials in automobiles; communication instruments, such as mobile phones, PDA, remote controllers, mobile information terminals, electronic dictionaries, and electronic organizers; home electric appliances; construction parts; and the like.

Abstract: The invention pertains to novel aromatic ether ketone polymers derived from bio-based feed-stocks, comprising recurring units of formula (Rb): wherein: —E is selected from the group consisting of: —each of R, equal to or different from each other, is selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, ether, thioether, carboxylic acid, ester, amide, imide, alkali or alkaline earth metal sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, alkali or alkaline earth metal phosphonate, alkyl phosphonate, amine and quaternary ammonium; —j is zero or is an integer from 1 to 4, to a process for their manufacture and to the use of the same for manufacturing shaped articles.

Abstract: Compositions, synthesis and applications for furan, thiophene and selenophene derivatized benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b?]dithiophene(BDT)-thienothiophene (BDT-TT) based polymers, namely, poly[(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethyhexyl)selenophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b?]dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-(4-(2-ethylhexanoyl)-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene)-2-6-diyl (CS-15), poly[(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethyhexyl)selenophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b?]dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-(4-(2-ethylhexyl)-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene)-2-carboxylate-2-6-diyl (CS-16), poly[(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethyhexyl)furan-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b?]dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-(4-(2-ethylhexyl)-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene)-2-carboxylate-2-6-diyl (CS-18) and poly[(4,8-bis(5-hexylfuran-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b?]dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-(4-(2-ethylhexanoyl)-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene)-2-6-diyl (CS-24) are disclosed. Further, an organic solar cell constructed of a derivatized benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b?]dithiophene(BDT)-thienothiophene (BDT-TT) based polymer is discussed.

Abstract: A polymer dye has repeating units of formula (I): Each of R1, R2, and R3 is independently a monocyclic carbocyclic group, a condensed polycyclic carbocyclic group, a monocyclic heterocyclic group, or a condensed polycyclic heterocyclic group. In any case, each of R1, R2, and R3 independently may have a substituent. R1 is a divalent group, and R2 and R3 are monovalent groups. D is an organic dye group and n is an integer of from 0 to 10. The polymer dye has a number-average molecular weight of from 500 to 500,000. The dye can be a component in a film. The dye can also be included in various industrial materials in automobiles; communication instruments, such as mobile phones, PDA, remote controllers, mobile information terminals, electronic dictionaries, and electronic organizers; home electric appliances; construction parts; and the like.

Abstract: Provided are hyperbranched poly(ether-ketone)-based nanocomposites with the following generic formula: wherein n is the degree of polymerization and R is carboxylic acid (COOH) and various functional groups that could be derived from COOH, such as benzothiazole, benzoxazole, benzimidazole, esters, and amines. Also provided are a process for preparing the above composite and a chain-end conversion methodology to tailor thermal and solubility properties.

Abstract: A method for polymerizing 1,4-dioxane-2,5-diones in the presence of a generally protic initiator and at least one catalyst including at least one metal-free organic compound. The latter is a non-metal organic catalyst most often selected from among pyridines of which DMAP is a derivative, sulfonic acids, polycyclic tertiary amines, phosphazenes, thioureas, thioureas/amines, and guanidines. The invention also relates to polymers obtained by the method.

Abstract: Polyketal polymers, and methods of making and using such polyketal polymers are disclosed herein. The polyketal poylmers can be useful for applications including, for example, medical devices and pharmaceutical compositions. In a preferred embodiment, the polyketal polymers are biodegradable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing polyketone with improved catalytic activity and intrinsic viscosity, and specifically a process for preparing polyketone, using a mixed solvent of 40 to 60 mol % acetic acid and 40 to 60 mol % water, as a liquid medium, and the precursor of palladium chloride-1,3-bis[di(methoxyphenyl)phosphino]propane, as a catalyst component.

Abstract: The invention relates to formaldehyde-free, carbonyl- and ring-hydrogenated ketone-aldehyde resins based on alkyl aryl ketones and formaldehyde and having a low OH-functionality, a low fraction of crystallisable compounds, low viscosity, very low colour number, and very high heat stability and light stability, and also to a process for preparing them.

Abstract: A resin is based on ketones and aldehydes and is prepared in methanol or ethanol in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst. The resin features a very broad solubility and low intrinsic color.

Abstract: The invention relates to formaldehyde-free, OH-functional, carbonyl- and ring-hydrogenated ketone-aldehyde resins based on alkyl aryl ketones and formaldehyde and having a low fraction of crystallisable compounds, low viscosity, very low colour number, broad solubility, and very high heat stability and light stability, and also to a process for preparing them.

Abstract: The invention relates to formaldehyde-free, carbonyl-hydrogenated ketone-aldehyde resins based on formaldehyde and having a low fraction of crystallizable compounds, low viscosity, very low color number, and very high heat stability and light stability, and also to a process for preparing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing polyketone with improved catalytic activity and intrinsic viscosity, and specifically a process for preparing polyketone, in which as a catalyst component, an organometallic complex comprising palladium acetate, 1,3-bis[bis(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)phosphino]propane, and an anion of an acid with pKa of 4 or lower, as a liquid medium, a mixed solvent of methanol and 1000 to 10000 ppm of water, and upon polymerization, benzothiazole or benzophenone is added.

Abstract: The invention described herein provides ketone-aldehyde resins, especially cyclohexanone-formaldehyde resins, with low water content and high thermal stability and yellowing resistance, and to a process for preparing them and their use.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes for preparing modifiable poly(aralkyl ketone)s having active methylene group(s) in the main chain comprising reacting an aralkanoic acid or mixtures thereof in the presence of one alkane or aryl sulfonic acid and a condensing agent. Also disclosed are novel modifiable poly(aralkyl ketone)s obtainable by the processes of the inventions.

Abstract: Sulfonated polyimide polymers incorporating bulky monomers are disclosed. The polymers have a liquid crystalline structure and exhibit high conductivity, high water uptake and water stability over a range of relative humidities and temperatures. The polymers are particularly adapted for use as a polymer electrolyte membrane in fuel cells.

Abstract: Polyketones are manufactured by reacting an aromatic carboxylic acid with a biractive aromatic compound, using as a catalyst a combination of a carboxylic acid anhydride and phosphoric acid, or equivalent thereof. The product polymers are useful as molding resins.

Abstract: This invention provides crosslinkable-group-containing polyimides of various known thermoplastic polyimide backbone structures, which are provided with far better heat resistance, chemical resistance and mechanical properties than known polyimides of the structures without impairing excellent moldability or formability, superb sliding property, low water absorption property, outstanding electrical properties, high thermal oxidation stability and high radiation resistance, all of which are inherent to the structures.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel, economic processes for preparing nitrated and sulfonated polymers and aminated and sulfonated polymers. Also provided are the polymers prepared by these processes. The invention also provides for membranes comprising the polymers, methods for preparing the membranes and their use in electromembrane processes, particularly in fuel cells.

Abstract: Ordered poly(arylene-vinylene)terpolymers, process for their preparation and their use as electroluminescence materials Poly(arylene-vinylene) terpolymers comprising repeating units of the formula (I), where the symbols have the following meanings: Ar1, Ar2, Ar3 are identical or different and are monocyclic or polycyclic, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl groups which may be linked via one or more bridges or be fused, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 are identical or different and are each H or a hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms which may be substituted, preferably by F, and may also contain heteroatoms, preferably O, are suitable as electroluminescence materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to carbodiimide-based block copolymers, a method of preparing them and also their use as hydrolysis stabilizers in ester-group-containing polymers.

Abstract: A novel polyalkyl ether/polyaryl ether sulfone or ketone copolymer and a specific polyether ester copolymer are useful for producing a medical material to be used to contact the blood; and methods for producing the medical material comprising said polyalkyl ether/polyaryl ether sulfone or ketone copolymer or a specific polyether ester copolymer.

Abstract: Sodium salt of (poly-(2,5-dihydroxy-phenylene))-4-thiosulfonic acid, being a cyclo-linear polymer, is proposed as the regulator of a cell metabolism. There are provided for the production of the claimed preparation: interaction of para-benzoquinone and sodium thiosulfate at the molar ratio of 10:1 to 2:1, separation of a final product, and purification from admixtures. The interaction of para-bernzoquinone and sodium thiosulfate is made in a water-organic medium, preferably in the water-acetone one, at the temperature of 40 to 70 C.

Abstract: A novel class of polyaryleneamines improved in physical and chemical properties, particularly in heat resistance and solvent resistance, and a process for producing the same are disclosed: said polymers having tertiary arylamino units bound in series.

Abstract: A novel polyalkyl ether/polyaryl ether sulfone or ketone copolymer and a specific polyether ester copolymer are useful for producing a medical material to be used to contact the blood; and methods for producing the medical material comprising said polyalkyl ether/polyaryl ether sulfone or ketone copolymer or a specific polyether ester copolymer.

Abstract: This invention relates to new blue anthraquinone colorants having Formula I ##STR1## wherein R and R1 are the same or different and are selected from hydrogen and unsubstituted or substituted C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl 2-furyl, 2-thienyl, or phenyl; R2 is aryl; X is a group selected from hydroxy, C1-C6 alkanolyloxy, carboxy, C1-C6 carbalkoxy and carbamoyloxy.The colorants are useful for copolymerizing into polymers such as polyesters and polyurethanes. In particular, they are advantageous for preparing colored sulfopolyesters which are useful for coloring human hair.

Abstract: Methods of removing a pigment stain from a substrate comprise cleaning the substrate with a detergent composition comprising polyamine N-oxide polymer formed of units having structural formula (I) ##STR1## wherein P is a polymerizable unit, the N--O group may be attached to or form part of P, A is ##STR2## --O--, --S--, or --N--; --x-- is 0 or 1; and R is an aliphatic, ethoxylated aliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic or alicyclic group and the nitrogen of the N--O group may be attached to or from part of R.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polyphosphazenes is provided that includes the cationic solution polymerization reaction of a phosphoranimine, using a main group or transition metal halide, or other appropriate halide salt, including a linear phosphazene salt of any chain length, or a preformed non-phosphazene polymer containing a main or transition metal chloride, as an initiator. In a preferred embodiment, triarmed-star polyphosphazenes having the formula N{RN(H)R'.sub.2 P--(N.dbd.PR'.sub.2).sub.n }.sub.3 are prepared via this method. Also, a methods for synthesis of the monomer Cl.sub.3 P.dbd.NSiMe.sub.3 and cyclic trimer N.sub.3 P.sub.3 X.sub.6 from the reactants N(SiR.sub.3).sub.3 and PX.sub.5 are also described.

Abstract: A soluble rigid-rod macromonomer is provided which has the following formula: ##STR1## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N, and each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is H or a solubilizing side group, provided that at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group. The solubilizing side groups provide the macromonomers with a solubility of at least 0.5% by weight in the solvent system from which they are formed. E is a reactive end group, and the macromonomer has an average degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than 6. Such macromonomers are chemically incorporated into polymer systems to provide stronger stiffened polymers.

Abstract: A soluble rigid-rod macromonomer is provided which has the following formula: ##STR1## wherein each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is H or a solubilizing side group, provided that at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group. The solubilizing side groups provide the macromonomers with a solubility of at least 0.5% by weight in the solvent system from which they are formed. E is a reactive end group, and the macromonomer has an average degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than 6. Such macromonomers are chemically incorporated into polymer systems to provide stronger stiffened polymers.

Abstract: A method is provided for the preparation of polyquinoline polymers based on Friedlander condensation polymerization. The method comprises mixing monomers which, when polymerized, form a polyquinoline polymer, together with a catalyst and a solvent, wherein the catalyst comprises an alkyl phosphate.

Abstract: Polyarylketones are made by electrophilic substitution using a dispersant for the polymer. The dispersant comprises a polymer having first pendent groups which are substantially compatible with the reaction mixture but are substantially incompatible with the polymer and second pendent groups which comprise Lewis bases. Preferred dispersants are copolymers of aliphatic vinyl compounds and N-vinyl pyrollidone, particularly of 1-eicosene (CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.17 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2) and N-vinyl pyrollidone in which the ratio of first groups to second groups is in the range 1.5:1 to 0.5:1, and more preferably is 1:1.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a linear alternating copolymer of carbon monoxide with ethene and another olefinically unsaturated compound (A) wherein a copolymer of which the molar ratio (r.sub.1) of the monomer units originating in the olefinically unsaturated compound A to the monomer units originating in ethene is in the range of from 1:100 to 1:3, is prepared by contacting the monomers in the presence of a liquid diluent with a catalyst composition which is based on(a) a source of a Group VIII metal, and(b) a bidentate ligand of the general formula R.sup.1 R.sup.2 M.sup.1 --R--M.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4 (I) wherein M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 independently represent a phosphorus, arsenic or antimony atom, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently represent unsubstituted or substituted hydrocarbyl groups and R represents a bivalent bridging group which consists of three atoms in the bridge of which the middle atom is a carbon or silicon atom which carries two monovalent substituents R.sup.5 and R.sup.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polyphosphazenes is provided that includes the cationic solution polymerization reaction of a phosphoranimine, using a main group or transition metal halide, or other appropriate halide salt, including a linear phosphazene salt of any chain length, or a preformed nonphosphazene polymer containing a main or transition metal chloride, as an initiator.

Abstract: Rigid-rod and segmented rigid-rod polymers, methods for preparing the polymers and useful articles incorporating the polymers are provided. The polymers incorporate rigid-rod backbones with pendant solubilizing groups attached thereto for rendering the polymers soluble.

Abstract: Rigid-rod and segmented rigid-rod polymers, methods for preparing the polymers and useful articles incorporating the polymers are provided. The polymers incorporate rigid-rod backbones with pendant solubilizing groups attached thereto for rendering the polymers soluble.

Abstract: Polyaryl ether ketones are prepared by electrophilic polycondensation using acyl halides as monomer components in the presence of a Lewis acid, by a process in which from 0.001 to 60% by weight of an inert filler or of a component which can be converted into an inert filler during working up are added to the reaction mixture before or during the polycondensation.

Abstract: Polyetheramidoamine hydrogels consisting of polyetheramidomaine and/or polyamidoamine prepolymers crosslinked by Michael's nuceophilic polyaddition with alpha-omega-diamino monomers or with alpha-omega-diamino monomers or oligomers; said hydrogels having a swelling degree in water higher than 500% and are useful as superabsorbent materials.

Abstract: The invention is a composition of an inorganic-organic polymer composite and a method of making it. The inorganic portion of the fundamental polymer composite polymer repeat is a speciated inorganic heterocyclic compound, and the organic portion of the polymer repeat is a cyclic organic radical anion compound having at least two charged sites. The composition of the present invention is made by combining a cyclic organic radical anion compound with a speciated inorganic heterocyclic compound by a nucleophilic substitution thereby forming a polymer of an inorganic-organic composite. The cyclic organic radical anion compound is preferably generated electrochemically. The nucleophilic substitution is alternately carried out chemically or electrochemically. A preferred embodiment of the present invention includes performing the nucleophilic substitution at the cathode of an electrochemical cell.

Abstract: Electroactive polymers are provided which contain alternating phenyl rings and nitrogen atoms, and which contain both quinoid mer units and benzenoid mer units. The polymers are formed by poly(condensation) of N-phenylhydroxylamine or derivatives thereof under anhydrous conditions in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst. Methods for producing films, fibers and shaped articles of the polymers are provided as well.

Abstract: This invention relates primarily to organofunctional monomers, predominantly dimethacrylates and/or diacrylates containing one or more (predominantly two carboxyl groups, with moieties that provide sufficient affinity with water to allow any desired amount of water and/or miscible fugitive solvents to be mixed homogeneously with these monomers and formulations containing them. The activity of water in the monomer formulations can be adjusted so that it is equal to the water activity in biological tissues. This promotes biocompatibility and enhances the adhesive characteristics of polymers prepared from these formulations. Probability statistics are disclosed that optimize the compositions of polymer reaction products.

Abstract: Electroactive polymers are provided which contain alternating phenyl rings and nitrogen atoms, and which contain both quinoid mer units and benzenoid mer units. The polymers are formed by poly(condensation) of N-phenylhydroxylamine or derivatives thereof under anhydrous conditions in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst. Methods for producing films, fibers and shaped articles of the polymers are provided as well.

Abstract: Aromatic polyimides with acetylenic end groups are cured by coupling together thermally or catalytically using cuprous salts as catalysts to increase molecular weight with little or no by-product formation. These polyimides can be shaped and formed prior to the coupling.The acetylenic end-capped aromatic polyimides are formed by the reaction of an aromatic dianhydride, an acetylenic organic monoamine compound which will provide the reactive end groups and optionally an aromatic diamine.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an epoxy-containing polymeric material having nonlinear optical properties, particularly a glycidyl amine polymer, and a process for making the nonlinear optical (NLO) epoxy-containing polymeric material including poling the polymeric material under high voltage at elevated temperature for a period of time to bring about orientation of the nonlinear optical functionalities in the polymer. The polymers have enhanced thermal stability and good NLO properties.

Abstract: A curable fluorine-containing polyimide of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a group derived from an aromatic tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride by the removal of two acid anhydride groups,R.sup.2 is a group derived from an aromatic diamine by the removal of two amino groups,A.sup.1 is a residue of the formula: ##STR2## (wherein R.sup.2 is the same as defined above, and Z is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms),A.sup.2 is a residue of the formula: ##STR3## (wherein R.sup.1 and Z are the same as defined above), and n is a number of 0 to 90, and at least one of the groups R.sup.1 and R.sup.

Abstract: Sizing for carbon fibers with uncapped or capped linear polyamideimides.The uncapped linear polyamideimides useful as carbon fiber sizings generally contain repeating units having the general formula: ##STR1## Wherein R.sub.2 =a trivalent organic radical and generally benzenetriyl;R.sub.3 =a divalent organic radical; andn=an integer sufficiently large to provide a strong, tough coating.Useful capped, linear polyamideimide oligomers may be formed by including end caps with an unsaturated functionality (Y) containing a residue selected from the group consisting of: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 =lower alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, halogen, or mixtures thereof;j=0, 1, or 2;i=1 or 2;G=--CH.sub.2 --, --O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --SO--, --CO--, --CHR--, or --CR.sub.2 --;T=methallyl or allyl;Me=methyl; andR=hydrogen, lower alkyl, or phenyl.Prepregs and composites having carbon fibers sized with such polyamideimides are also described.

Abstract: There are disclosed dibenzofuran amorphous polymer comprising a recurring unit represented by following formula (II) and having a molecular weight giving a reduced viscosity of at least 0.2 dl/g as measured in the form of a 0.5% (W/V) solution in N-methyl-pyrrolidone at 25.degree. C., a process for producing said amorphous polymer, a dibenzofuran copolymer comprising, in addition to a recurring unit represented by following formula (II), at least one type of recurring unit represented by following general formula (III) in a specific proportion and having a molecular weight giving a reduced viscosity of at least 0.2 dl/g as measured in the form of a 0.5% (W/V) solution in concentrated sulfuric acid at 25.degree. C., and a process for producing said copolymer. ##STR1## wherein A is --O--, --CO--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, a divalent alkylene group or a single bond and n is a number of 0, 1 or 2.

Abstract: Sizing for carbon fibers with uncapped or capped linear polyamideimides.The uncapped linear polyamideimides useful as carbon fiber sizings generally contain repeating units having the general formula: ##STR1## Wherein R.sub.2 =a trivalent organic radical and generally benzenetriyl;R.sub.3 =a divalent organic radical; andn=an integer sufficiently large to provide a strong, tough coating.Useful capped, linear polyamideimide oligomers may be formed by including end caps with an unsaturated functionality (Y) containing a residue selected from the group consisting of: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 =lower alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, halogen, or mixtures thereof;j=0, 1 or 2;i=1 or 2;G=--CH.sub.2 --, --O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --SO--, --CO--, --CHR--, or --CR.sub.2 --;T=methallyl or allyl;Me=methyl; andR=hydrogen, lower alkyl, or phenyl.Prepregs and composites having carbon fibers sized with such polyamideimides are also described.