Abstract: A process for preparing a polyester comprising the steps of blending (A) polyethylene terephthalate before solid phase polymerization having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.3 to 0.8 dl/g in an amount of 40 to 99% by weight, with (B) polyethylene naphthalate before solid phase polymerization having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.3 to 0.7 dl/g in an amount of 1 to 60% by weight, and subjecting the blend to solid phase polymerization. The process of the invention can provide a polyester having excellent gas barrier properties, transparency and heat resistance and hardly generating acetaldehyde.

Abstract: The invention relates to a powder paint composition comprising a polymer that contains endomethylene tetrahydrophthalic acid units and a crosslinker. The polymer is obtained by preparing an unsaturated polymer in a first step, which then reacts with cyclopentadiene at a temperature between 160 ° C and 220 ° C in a second step. The polymer preferably contains more than 10 wt.% endomethylene tetrahydrophthalic acid units and is preferably an unsaturated polymer.

Abstract: A polymer comprising units of formulas (1) and (2) and having a Mw of 1,000-500,000 is provided. R1 is H, CH3 or CH2CO2R3, R2 is H, CH3 or CO2R3, R3 is alkyl, R4 is H, alkyl, alkoxyalkyl or acyl, R5 is alkyl or aryl, Y is a divalent hydrocarbon group which may contain a hetero atom and which forms a ring with the carbon atom, Z is a trivalent hydrocarbon group, k is 0 or 1, and W is —O— or —(NR)— wherein R is H or alkyl. A resist composition comprising the polymer as a base resin is sensitive to high-energy radiation, has excellent sensitivity, resolution, and etching resistance, and lends itself to micropatterning with electron beams or deep-UV rays.

Abstract: A polymer comprising units of formulas (1) and (2) and having a Mw of 1,000-500,000 is provided. R1 is H, CH3 or CH2CO2R3, R2 is H, CH3 or CO2R3, R3 is alkyl, R4 is halogen or acyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy or alkylsulfonyloxy group which may be substituted with halogen, R5 is H or alkyl, R6 is an acid labile group, Z is a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group, k is 0 or 1, and W is —O— or —(NR)— wherein R is H or alkyl. A resist composition comprising the polymer as a base resin is sensitive to high-energy radiation, has excellent sensitivity, resolution, and etching resistance, and lends itself to micropatterning with electron beams or deep-UV rays.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing polyethylene naphthalate polymers comprising: esterifying a slurry comprising NDCA or a dicarboxylic acid containing NDCA or derivatives thereof, and ethylene glycol or a glycol containing ethylene glycol or derivatives thereof to produce esterification compounds comprising bis (beta-hydroxyethyl) naphthalate or low molecular weight polymers thereof, wherein one or more primary alcohol is added to the slurry; and polycondensing the above resultant esterification compounds to produce polyethylene naphthalate polymers. The process of the present invention allows for the preparation of a slurry more easily and to maximize the manufacturing efficiency.

Abstract: A copolyether composition that can be used to produce a dyeable polyester is provided. The composition can comprise repeat units derived from a first diol such as, for example, 1,3-propanediol and a sulfonated dicarboxylic acid such as, for example, 5-sulfo-isophthalic acid. The dyeable polyester composition can comprise repeat units derived from the copolyether composition, an acid such as, for example, terephthalic acid, and a second diol such as, for example, 1,3-propanediol. Also disclosed is a process that can be used for producing the copolyether composition. The process comprises contacting the first diol with the sulfonated dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Copolyesters comprising monomeric units derived from norbornane compounds such as 2,3-norbornane dicarboxylic acid anhydride or dicarboxylate exhibit amorphous characteristics. Exemplary copolymers are obtained by polycondensation of ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid, and up to about 40 mole % cis-norbornane-endo-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride or dimethyl trans-norbornane 2,3-dicarboxylate or mixtures thereof, based upon the total moles of ester forming components of the polyester. The copolymers containing monomeric units derived from norbornane dicarboxylic acid or dicarboxylate can be obtained by melt polymerization and exhibit no or very low crystallinity. The copolyesters may be used to produce transparent, optically clear amorphous articles of manufacture such as containers, extruded objects, and packaging by melt processing techniques such as injection molding, blow molding, extrusion or thermoforming.

Abstract: Self-organized polymolecular structures, including structures having a helical, tubular or needle-like morphology, are formed by the association of molecules of an amphiphilic 2,3 di-O-substituted tartaric acid compound and molecules of a bipyridyl compound. If the tartaric compound includes a polymerizable functional group, the polymolecular structures may be stabilized by polymerization.

Abstract: Hyperbranched polyester and polyamide polymers are prepared by a one-step process of polymerizing a monomer of the formula A—R—B2 so that high molecular weight globular polymers having a multiplicity of a particular functional group on the outside surface are obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for closely linking a process for producing 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid (2,6-NDA) with a process for producing polyethylene naphthalate, thus eliminating the need for drying 2,6-NDA, handling solid 2,6-NDA, and optimizing particle size of 2,6-NDA which comprises: a) Adding an aqueous slurry of polymer grade 2,6-NDA directly into a process for making PEN, either by directly adding a stream from a 2,6 NDA process into a PEN process, or by adding water to polymer grade 2-6-NDA prior to adding the resulting slurry to a PEN process. b) Removing the slurry water during the first esterification reaction at the same time the water of reaction is removed.

Abstract: A polyester polymer is a condensation product of a diol component and a dicarboxylic acid component, and the diol component (i) includes at least one tricyclo[5.2.1.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of monomer-free, saturated and unsaturated polyester resins, or mixtures of saturated and unsaturated polyester resins, containing structural units of the general formulae (I) and/or (II), in which n =1-10, as low-emission binders for coatings.

Abstract: Processes for producing aromatic monomers useful for forming polyesters are disclosed. Cost effective steps employed in the processes permit small amounts of process-related materials typically removed from monomer to remain in an aromatic monomer product. In many cases, the presence of the process-related materials left in the monomer product by the cost effective process steps can enhance the performance of the monomer in certain applications. Aromatic monomer products and polymers produced therefrom having these advantages also are disclosed, as well as products such as pasteurizable bottles made from these polymers.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of preparing a high molecular weight copolyester bottle resin that has excellent melt processing characteristics. The method includes the steps of reacting a diacid or diester component and a diol component to form modified polyethylene terephthalate, wherein diol component is present in excess of stoichiometric proportions. Together, the diacid or diester component and the diol component must include at least 7 percent comonomer. The remainder of the diacid component is terephthalic acid or dimethyl terephthalate and the remainder of the diol component is ethylene glycol. The modified polyethylene terephthalate is copolymerized in the melt phase to an intrinsic viscosity of between about 0.25 dl/g and 0.40 dl/g to thereby form a copolyester prepolymer. Thereafter the copolyester prepolymer is polymerized in the solid phase to form a high molecular weight bottle resin that has an intrinsic viscosity of at least about 0.70 dl/g, and a solid phase density of less than 1.

Abstract: Provided is a polyethylene naphthalenedicarboxylate resin composition having excellent transparency and hue, and containing a cobalt compound as a color-controlling agent, wherein the polyethylene naphthalenedicarboxylate resin composition comprises a polyethylene naphthalenedicarboxylate, an antimony compound, a cobalt compound and a phosphorous compound which is expressed by a specific structural formula and has an acid dissociation constant pKa of 1.0 or more, and the polyethylene naphthalenedicarboxylate resin composition is produced by using an antimony compound as a polycondensation catalyst.

Abstract: Process for controlling the change of intrinsic viscosity and transesterification during solid stating of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) blend, with an effective amount of an ethylene glycol compound. The process enables the production of a copolymer based on predefined initial and final IV's and final transesterification level, by varying the solid-stating time and/or effective amount of ethylene glycol. In one embodiment, a relatively greater amount of post-consumer PET (e.g., 70%) having an IV of on the order of 0.72-0.73, is incorporated in the blend to provide a final IV on the order of 0.80-0.85, and a moderate, controlled level of transesterification; the blend is used to injection mold a sleeve layer of a preform. In another embodiment, a substantially transparent neck finish for a preform is made from a PEN/PET blend having an amount of ethylene glycol which enables substantial transesterification, without excessive increase in IV.

Abstract: Low molar mass polyester polyols having a weight-average molar mass M, of not more than 2000 g/mol, with hydroxyl numbers of from 80 to 300 mg/g and acid numbers of from 5 to 35 mg/g, comprising the stated mole fractions (in %=mol/100 mol) of structural units derived from: a) from 1 to 45% of aliphatic polycyclic polyhydroxy compounds having at least two hydroxyl groups per molecule, b) from 5 to 50% of branched aliphatic acyclic dihydroxy compounds, c) from 30 to 50% of aliphatic cyclic polycarboxylic acids, d) from 0 to 30% of aliphatic acyclic or monocyclic polyhydroxy compounds having three or more hydroxyl groups per molecule, and e) from 0 to 10% of polyfunctional compounds selected from aliphatic linear and monocyclic dihydroxy compounds, aliphatic linear and branched dicarboxylic acids, aromatic dicarboxylic acids and polycaboxylic acids having three or more carboxyl groups per molecule, and also f) from 0 to 10% of monofunctional units selected from monocarboxylic acids and monoalcohols,

Abstract: A process that can be used in an esterification and polycondensation processes to produce a polyester such as, for example, poly(trimethylene terephthalate) is disclosed. The process comprises contacting an acid with 1,3-propanediol in the presence of a catalyst comprising tin and titanium. A copolymer that contains up to 20 mole percent of another acid and/or a second alcohol is also disclosed. Further disclosed are a composition of, or comprising, a bis(3-hydroxypropyl) terephthalate prepolymer or a composition of, or comprising, a poly(trimethylene terephthalate) polymer. The bis(3-hydroxypropyl) terephthalate prepolymer and poly(trimethylene terephthalate) can each contain 10 to 100 ppm tin and 10 to 200 ppm titanium relative to the terephthalic acid content.

Abstract: A composition suitable for use as a starting material for preparing a high molecular weight polyester through melt polymerization and solid state polymerization is disclosed. The composition comprises (a) a dicarboxylic acid or diester; (b) a glycol; (c) 0.1-5 mol %, relative to said component (a), of a multifunctional acid and/or a multifunctional alcohol; and (d) 0.05-5 wt %, based on the weight of the polyester, of a hindered phenolic aromatic phosphate. A process for preparing a high molecular weight polyester utilizing the above composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to fibers, particularly binder fibers, made from copolyesters and the copolyesters themselves. The copolyesters of the invention are generally formed from a glycol component containing 1,3- or 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and ethylene glycol and at least one dicarboxylic acid component. Such copolyesters may be formed into a variety of products, especially binder fibers for nonwoven fabrics, textile and industrial yarns, and composites.

Abstract: A polyethylene-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate resin contains an antimony compound as a polycondensation catalyst, and has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.55 to 0.75 dl/g, a terminal carboxyl group content of 32 eq/ton or less, an acetaldehyde content of 8 ppm or less and a diethylene glycol component content of 0.8 to 3.0 wt %. A preform and a bottle made of the resin are also described.

Abstract: Process for producing highly stretchable, amorphous anisotropic melt-forming polymers having recurring units derived from p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, at least one aromatic diacid and at least one aromatic diol and/or hydroxyamine component, at least a portion of which is 4,4′-biphenol, which process comprises incorporating into such polymers recurring units derived from one or more aromatic monomers that provide the polymers with selected meta-linkages wherein each of said recurring units is present in the polymer in specific amounts.

Abstract: Mixtures of low molar mass polyester polyols having a weight-average molar mass Mw of not more than 2000 g/mol, with hydroxyl numbers of from 80 to 300 mg/g and acid numbers of from 5 to 35 mg/g, comprising structural units derived from aliphatic polycyclic polyhydroxy compounds having at least two hydroxyl groups per molecule, branched aliphatic acyclic dihydroxy compounds, aliphatic cyclic polycarboxylic acids, aliphatic acyclic or monocyclic polyhydroxy compounds having three or more hydroxyl groups per molecule, and polyfunctional compounds selected from aliphatic linear and monocyclic dihydroxy compounds, aliphatic linear and branched dicarboxylic acids, aromatic dicarboxylic acids and polycarboxylic acids having three or more carboxyl groups per molecule, and also monofunctional units selected from monocarboxylic acids and monoalcohols, and acrylic copolymers made by radically initiated polymerisation in the presence of cyclic compounds that can react with hydroxy or acid functional comonomers can be us

Abstract: Process for producing highly stretchable, amorphous anisotropic melt-forming polymers consisting essentially of recurring units derived from p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, an aromatic diacid, at least a portion of which comprises 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, and an aromatic diol and/or hydroxyamine component, at least a portion of which is 4,4′-biphenol; which comprises incorporating into such polymers recurring units derived from resorcinol, wherein each of said recurring units is present in the polymer in specified amounts.

Abstract: A method of producing an aromatic polyester by distilling a low-boiling fraction from a polycondensation vessel containing a reaction product obtained by acetylating raw monomers of the aromatic polyester with acetic anhydride, wherein the polycondensation vessel is provided with a partial condenser, and controlling a temperature of the low-boiling fraction distilled from the partial condenser within a range from 80 to 150° C. while the amount of the low-boiling fraction distilled from the partial condenser is within a range from 50% to 90% based on a theoretical recovery amount is provided; and according to this method, adhesion of low-molecular compounds to a partial condenser in the production can be prevented and an improvement in yield of the aromatic polyester and stabilization of product quality can be accomplished.

Abstract: A mixture of a polyester, such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) PET, and a second polymer which is poly(vinyl alcohol) or an ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer when extrusion compounded exhibits a lower residual acetaldehyde content than does PET alone when similarly treated. The invention pertains to any polyester used in the manufacture of bottles or containers which in turn are used to store consumer materials, especially food, beverages and most especially water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a biaxially oriented polyester film for magnetic recording medium having a thickness of thinner than 7 &mgr;m and satisfying the formula 1 ≤ P - ( α ⁢   ⁢ t + α ⁢   ⁢ h ) 10 ≤ 10 wherein &agr;t (×10−6/° C.) is the thermal expansion coefficient of the film in transversal direction, &agr;h (×10−6/%RH) is the humidity expansion coefficient in transversal direction and P (ppm/g) is the transversal shrinkage of the film under the load (grams) applied to the film in machine direction.

Abstract: An amorphous copolyester having a maximum melt viscosity at 1 radian/second and at about 260 to about 290° C. of about 12000 poise, a glass transition temperature ranging from about 88° C. to about 120° C., and an inherent viscosity of at least about 0.6 dl/g. The amorphous copolyesters comprise the reaction product of a diol component and a dicarboxylic acid component. The diol component comprises residues of from about 5.0 to about 50 mole % of 2,2′-(sulfonylbis (4,1-phenyleneoxy))-bis(ethanol) which has the following chemical formula: and from about 50 to about 95 mole % of a mixture of at least two diols selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, and mixture thereof. The dicarboxylic acid component comprises residues of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 1,4-cyclohexandedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides novel polyether hydroxycarboxylate copolymers which are effective sequestering agents. The polyether hydroxycarboxylate copolymer when used in a cleaning composition enhances or “builds” the cleaning efficiency of the surfactant by inactivating hardness ions. In addition, the polyether hydroxycarboxylate copolymers assist in cleaning by dispersing and suspending soils to prevent the redeposition of soils. The polyether hydroxycarboxylate copolymer has the structure wherein M+ is a cation wherein M is independently selected from hydrogen, ammonia, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, zinc, copper, organic amines, amino acids, and amino saccharides; R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; n is from about 2 to about 100; x1 and x2 are independently 0 or 1; a is from 0 to 99 mole percent; and b is from 100 to 1 mole percent, provided that (a+b) is 100 mole percent.

Abstract: An aromatic polyester composition excellent in balance between heat resistance and mechanical strength is provided. The aromatic polyester composition constitutes as essential components 100 parts by weight of an aromatic polyester essentially containing a p-oxybenzoyl unit (A) represented by the following formula (I): and a 4′-oxybiphenyl-4-carbonyl unit (B) represented by the following formula (II): and 1 to 400 parts by weight of an inorganic filler.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymer prepared from the repeat units of residues of a monomer of at least one dicarboxylic acid or ester; a monomer comprising a diol, diamine or a mixture thereof; a monomer comprising at least one sulfonate group and at least one polyester reactive group, and a monomer comprising an optical brightener agent having at least one polyester reactive group. The invention further relates to a method for preparing a polymer. The invention further relates to method of marking an article or composition with the polymer. The invention further relates to a method for detecting and separating an article contacted with the polymer. The invention further relates to an article or composition contacted with the polymer. The invention further relates to a method for enhancing the optical brightness of an article or composition, by contacting the article or composition with the polymer.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aromatic polyester resins, in which the resin obtained from the polycondensation phase in the molten state conducted by utilizing a titanium based compound as a catalyst, is subjected to a solid state polycondensation reaction in the presence of a dianhydride of a tetracarboxylic acid.

Abstract: A polymer blend including a polyester and another thermoplastic polymer. The polyester includes terephthaloyl moieties and, optionally, other aromatic diacid moieties; and ethylene glycol moieties; optionally diethylene glycol moieties; isosorbide moieties; and, optionally one or more other diol moieties. The polyester has an inherent viscosity of at least about 0.35 dL/g.

Abstract: The invention relates to amorphous and crystalline fibers, particularly binder fibers, made from polyesters and the polyesters themselves. The polyesters of the invention are generally formed from a glycol component, such as a five carbon glycol, and a dicarboxylic acid component. The polyesters may be formed into a variety of products, for example fibers, composites and other molded articles. Preferably the polyesters are binder fibers for nonwovens, textile and industrial yarns and fabrics.

Abstract: A biaxially oriented polyester film for a membrane switch, which is made from a polyester containing at least 80 mol % of ethylene-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate recurring units and which has an endothermic peak with an endothermic energy of at least 0.4 mJ/mg at a temperature of 110 to 160.degree. C.This film is produced by subjecting a biaxially oriented polyester film produced from the above polyester in accordance with a method known per se to the following steps in the order named:(1) the step of heating the film under no strain at a temperature of 150 to 180.degree. C. for 1 to 5 hours; and(2) the step of heating the film in an unrolled or rolled state at a temperature of 80 to 122.degree. C. for 5 to 200 hours.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermosetting coating composition for precoated steel sheets which are required to have high hardness, good workability and stain resistance, to a precoated steel sheet having a film of the coating composition, and to a method for producing such precoated steel sheets.

Abstract: The invention relates to fibers, particularly binder fibers, made from copolyesters and the copolyesters themselves. The copolyesters of the invention are generally formed from 1,3- or 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, ethylene glycol and isophthalic acid or esters thereof and at least one dicarboxylic acid selected from terephthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,3- or 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid or esters thereof. Such copolyesters may be formed into a variety of products, especially binder fibers for nonwoven fabrics, textile and industrial yarns, and composites.

Abstract: Process for producing highly stretchable, amorphous anisotropic melt-forming polymers having recurring units derived from p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, at least one aromatic diacid and an aromatic diol and/or hydroxyamine component, at least a portion of which is 4,4'-biphenol, which comprises incorporating into such polymers recurring units derived from resorcinol and at least one additional monomer that provides the resulting polymer with selected meta linkages, wherein each of said recurring units is present in the polymer in specified amounts.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of producing polyester and charging apparatus therefor capable of producing a high quality polyethylene naphthalate usable for photographic purpose from recovered polyethylene naphthalate which comprises subjecting an ester-forming derivative consisting essentially of naphthalene dicarboxylic acid or its lower alkyl ester and a diol compound consisting essentially of ethylene glycol to ester exchange reaction or esterification to produce polyethylene naphthalate, wherein recovered polyethylene naphthalate resin is charged before beginning of effusion of alcohol or water which is a by-product of the ester exchange reaction or esterification, and a charging apparatus comprising a slidable inner pipe capable of penetrating through a supply valve.

Abstract: A polyester resin comprising a polyester resin chip (A) and a polyester resin fine particle (B) which has the same composition as the (A) and which passes through a 10.5 mesh screen in a proportion of 0.1-300 ppm, wherein a cyclic trimer increases in a proportion of not more than 0.30 wt % upon melting at a temperature of 290.degree. C. for 60 minutes; a polyester resin characterized in that a cyclic trimer increases in a proportion of not more than 0.30 wt % upon melting at a temperature of 290.degree. C. for 60 minutes, and the contents of Na, Ca, Mg and/or Si in the polyeser resin is 0.001-5 ppm and the total of these contents is not more than 10 ppm; and production methods thereof.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of a polyester polymer or polyester copolymer under superatmospheric pressure conditions in a pipe or tubular reaction under turbannular flow conditions. Reaction material having a glycol equivalents to carboxylic acid equivalents mole ratio of from 1.0:1 to 1.2:1, together with a superatmospheric dense gaseous medium are fed co-currently to the reactor. Dicarboxylic acid and/or diol raw materials may be injected into any of the reaction zones in the process during operation to achieve the overall desired mole ratio balance. The process operates at temperatures of from about 220.degree. C. to about 320.degree. C., with turbannular flow achieved before the polymer product and gas exit the reactor process. The pressure in the reaction zones can be in the range from 15 psia to 2500 psia.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an unsaturated polyester which comprises (i) reacting an organic diol with a cyclic akylene carbonate in the presence of a first catalyst to thereby form a polyalkoxy diol, and (ii) optionally adding thereto a further amount of cyclic alkylene carbonate in the presence of a second catalyst, and (iii) subsequently polycondensing the resulting mixture with a dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: A biaxially oriented film (1) which is substantially formed from a polyethylene naphthalate copolymer comprising ethylene-2,6-naphthalate units in an amount of 90 to 99.9 mol % based on the total of all recurring units and an isophthalic acid component or a decalin-2,6-dicarboxylic acid component in an amount of 0.1 to 10 mol % based on the total of all dicarboxylic acid components and which has (2) Young's modulus of 500 kg/mm.sup.2 or more in each of a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction, (3) a plane orientation coefficient of 0.230 to 0.275 and (4) a density of 1.350 g/cm.sup.3 or more.

Abstract: A process for crystallizing a polyethylene naphthalate copolymer by:a) copolymerizing at least 60 mole % of 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, based on the total moles of carboxylic acids, with polyols such as at least 80 mole % of ethylene glycol and from 2 mole % to 20 mole % of a polyol having three or more carbon atoms, each based on the total moles of polyols, to form PEN copolymer solids, andb) subsequently crystallizing the PEN copolymer solids by heating the solids to at least their sticking temperature at an average rate of at least 10.degree. C./min, to form agglomerate-free crystallized solids.The process may be performed under agitation. The pellets heated up in a during the crystallization step do not agglomerate or suddenly expand as the temperature rises to and through the sticking temperature of the PEN copolymers. The process allows one to rapidly heat up PEN during crystallization, and do so without conducting a prior drying step or a devolitilization step.

Abstract: This invention concerns a method for recycling polyesters comprising the hydrolysis of polyesters containing repeat units derived from 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid in the presence of a carboxylic acid which gives pure 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid suitable for use as a monomer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for producing molded, shaped or extruded articles comprising the steps of:a) melt reacting, in the presence of a catalyst which is substantially free of Co compounds, at least one glycol and at least one dicarboxylic acid to form a polyester having an I.V. of at least about 0.5 dL/g, wherein said at least one glycol is selected from the group consisting of glycols having up to 10 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof and said dicarboxylic is selected from the group consisting of alkyl dicarboxylic acids having 2 to 16 carbon atoms, aryl dicarboxylic acids having 8 to 16 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof;b) adding an acetaldehyde reducing additive to said polyester to form a reduced acetaldehyde polyester; andc) forming said reduced acetaldehyde polyester into articles directly from step b.Thus, the present invention provides a process for directly producing from the melt article having extremely low acetaldehyde content.

Abstract: The process for preparing polyethylene naphthalate according to the invention is intended to obtain polyethylene naphthalate having a low impurity content from naphthalenedicarboxylic acid containing impurities.

Abstract: A method for continuously producing a polyester by continuously melt-polymerizing a raw material consisting of a dicarboxylic acid component composed of mainly an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and containing an alicyclic dicarboxylic acid or an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, or their ester-forming derivatives with a diol component, characterized in that said diol component as a distillate in the polycondensation reaction, including an adhering material, is condensed, said adhering material is separated centrifugally, and then the residual diol component, after distillation, is supplied to an esterification reaction or an ester interchange reaction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a select class of liquid crystalline polyesters and molding compositions comprising the polyesters and glass fiber. The liquid crystalline polyesters consist essentially of (1) diacid residues consisting essentially of (i) cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid residues and (ii) other diacid residues selected from terephthalic acid residues, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid residues, or a mixture thereof; (2) diol residues consisting essentially of hydroquinone residues, 4,4'-biphenol residues or a mixture thereof; and, optionally, (3) p-hydroxybenzoic acid residues. In the above definition, the moles of diol residues are equal to the moles of diacid residues and the total of the (1), (2) and (3) mole percentages is equal to 100. The liquid crystalline polyesters have melting points determined by differential scanning calorimetry equal to or less than 375.degree. C.

Abstract: Low molar mass polyester polyols having a weight-average molar mass M.sub.