Abstract: Copolymers of 2-pyrrolidone and C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 lactams (caprolactam and piperidone) are provided in solid form, at relatively high rates and molecular weights by polymerization in the presence of alkaline catalysts and carbon dioxide, by the inclusion of an auxiliary catalyst and a copolymerization promoter comprising certain onium salts and N-acyl lactams, respectively.