Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition that can be used to manufacture an impermeable, sealing, tight envelope, to a process for manufacturing an impermeable envelope, and to a tank. The composition of the invention comprises in % by weight relative to the total weight of the composition: from 70 to 90% of a monomer (I); from 0.1 to 1% of an activator (II), in which R is chosen from the group comprising CnH2n+2, n being an integer chosen from 1 to 10; —OH; —OCn H2n+2, n being an integer chosen from 1 to 10; and —NHR? where R? is either CnH2n+2, n being an integer chosen from 1 to 10, or an amine functional group; from 2 to 6% of a catalyst (III), in which X is chosen from the group comprising MgBr, MgI, Li and Na; and from 10 to 20% of an additive (IV), with: This composition can be used, for example, to manufacture elements that are impermeable to fluids, for example impermeable envelopes, for example that can be used in the manufacture of type IV tanks or hydraulic accumulators.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition that can be used to manufacture an impermeable, sealing, tight envelope, to a process for manufacturing an impermeable envelope, and to a tank. The composition of the invention comprises in % by weight relative to the total weight of the composition: from 70 to 90% of a monomer (I); from 0.1 to 1% of an activator (II), in which R is chosen from the group comprising CnH2n+2, n being an integer chosen from 1 to 10; —OH; —OCnH2n+2, n being an integer chosen from 1 to 10; and —NHR? where R? is either CnH2n+2, n being an integer chosen from 1 to 10, or an amine functional group; from 2 to 6% of a catalyst (III), in which X is chosen from the group comprising MgBr, MgI, Li and Na; and from 10 to 20% of an additive (IV), with: This composition can be used, for example, to manufacture elements that are impermeable to fluids, for example impermeable envelopes, for example that can be used in the manufacture of type IV tanks or hydraulic accumulators.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a lactone or lactam homopolymer, comprising the stage consisting in reacting a lactone or lactam with a nonpolymeric initiator comprising at least one hydroxyl or thiol functional group in a nonchlorinated solvent in the presence of a sulfonic acid of formula R—SO3H. It also relates to the polymer composition thus obtained and to its uses, in particular as antistatic additive.

Abstract: The present invention relates polymers comprising non-degradable blocks and degradable blocks and methods of manufacturing such polymers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition that can be used to manufacture an impermeable, sealing, tight envelope, to a process for manufacturing an impermeable envelope, and to a tank. The composition of the invention comprises in % by weight relative to the total weight of the composition: from 70 to 90% of a monomer (I); from 0.1 to 1% of an activator (II), in which R is chosen from the group comprising CnH2n+2, n being an integer chosen from 1 to 10; —OH; —OCnH2n+2, n being an integer chosen from 1 to 10; and —NHR? where R? is either CnH2n+2, n being an integer chosen from 1 to 10, or an amine functional group; from 2 to 6% of a catalyst (III), in which X is chosen from the group comprising MgBr, MgI, Li and Na; and from 10 to 20% of an additive (IV), with: This composition can be used, for example, to manufacture elements that are impermeable to fluids, for example impermeable envelopes, for example that can be used in the manufacture of type IV tanks or hydraulic accumulators.

Abstract: A process for producing polyamides from the corresponding monomers and/or prepolymers comprises the steps of (a) reacting the monomers and/or prepolymers and optionally further components under polyamide-forming reaction conditions to form polyamide, (b) treating the polyamide obtained in step (a) in a kneader above the melting temperature of the polyamide, (c) further processing the polyamide from step (b) into pellet, film, fiber or moldings, preferably pelletizing the polyamide, (d) extracting some or all unconverted monomers and any product dimers and oligomers and also optionally further components from the polyamide and/or drying the polyamide.

Abstract: A co-polyester which includes the reaction product of a polycondensation polyester and epsilon-caprolactone, wherein the polycondensation polyester comprises the reaction product of diglycolic acid and/or a derivative thereof and a diol. The co-polyester is injectable and absorbable into animal, such as human, tissue and can be used for facial cosmetic or reconstructive surgery of soft tissue. Another embodiment is directed to a method for preventing adhesion using a co-polyester comprising the reaction product of a polycondensation polyester and epsilon-caprolactone, wherein the polycondensation polyester comprises the reaction product of diglycolic acid and/or a derivative thereof and a diol, and the co-polyester comprises about 40 to 50% by weight of the polycondensation polyester based on the total weight of the co-polyester.

Abstract: This invention is the design and synthesis of a caprolactone monomer which bears a pendant protected carboxyl group. This monomer has been copolymerized with caprolactone in varying ratios. After polymerization, the protecting group can be removed and an antibiotic can be attached as a new pendant group. The bioactivity of the antibiotic-bound poly(caprolactone) polymer is described.

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing a resin particle capable of unprecedentedly realizing both excellent heat resistant keeping property and melting property. The present invention is a method for producing a resin particle (X) comprising the step of treating a resin particle (B) containing a resin (A) composed of a crystalline part (a) containing, as an essential constitutional component, a lactone ring-opening polymer (p), and a noncrystalline part (b), with liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide (C), and removing (C), wherein a heat of fusion measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of the obtained (X) satisfies the following relational formula (1): 0?H2/H1?0.9??(1) [in the relational formula (1), H1 represents a measurement value of a heat of fusion (J/g) at the time of the initial temperature elevation measured by DSC; and H2 represents a measurement value of a heat of fusion (J/g) at the time of the second temperature elevation measured by DSC].

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a melt-processable polylactam by contacting caprolactam monomer with an anionic polymerization catalyst, polymerizing said monomer and contacting the resulting polylactam with a protic compound. The anionic polymerization catalyst is chosen from the group consisting of alkali-earth-metal-lactamates and alkali-earth-metal-lactamate forming compounds and the protic compound has a pKa larger than 14. The resulting polylactam has a good melt-stability and very low cyclic dimer content.

Abstract: Methods of making copolymers are described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a segmented block copolymer including polyamide blocks, polyester blocks and polyether blocks, of general formula: (I) -[BD-BM]n- in which: BD or hard block is a polyamide block; BM or soft block represents a mixture of polyether blocks and polyester blocks; and n is the number of -BD-BM- units in said copolymer, characterized in that the percentage of polyether blocks (PE blocks) is strictly higher than 15 wt % of said copolymer, and in that said polyester blocks (PES blocks) have a glass transition temperature Tg below 10° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new high-functionality, highly branched or hyperbranched polylysines, to processes for preparing them, and to their use.

Abstract: Triptycene derivatives and method for preparing the same are provided. The triptycene derivatives may be triptycene di-ester of the formula (I) or triptycene di-acid of the formula (II): where n=1-5.

Abstract: A polyimide resin is produced by the reaction of a compound selected from 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic acid, dianhydride thereof and reactive derivatives thereof and a compound selected from diamines and diisocyanates each containing at least one phenylene group and at least one isopropylidene group. The polyimide resin is colorless and exhibits a high heat resistance, a high transparency and a low water absorption.

Abstract: A method for preparing polyester/polyamide polymers, resins and plastics from proteins is disclosed. Using nitrous acid or nitrous oxide, a protein is converted to a hydroxyl carboxyl polyamide protomer. Protomers are condensed through hydroxyl and carboxyl groups to make inter-protomer ester bonds, resulting in a polyester polyamide polymer, resin or plastic.

Abstract: Binder combinations containing polyisocyanates, special lactone-based polyols and polyester polyols and to their use for producing coatings, preferably on plastics.

Abstract: According to the present invention, organic-inorganic hybrid polymer materials with compositional gradient, and processes for preparing the same are provided. In the organic-inorganic hybrid polymer materials with compositional gradient, formation of cracks, removal of surface, or deformation such as warp and distortion, under heat shock or upon aging, hardly occurs. The organic-inorganic hybrid polymer materials with compositional gradient are comprised of an organic polymer component and a metal oxide component which are covalently bonded each other, characterized in that concentration of the organic polymer component, or of the metal oxide component is increased or decreased in the direction of thickness of the material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polyamide with low viscosity degradation after remelting which can be produced by anionic polymerization of lactam in the presence of alkaline catalysts and if necessary activators and the method for production of the polyamide. The invention relates furthermore to a method for reprocessing anionically produced polyamide.

Abstract: A modified polyamide polymer having a high amino end group content, with more than 30 percent of the amino end groups being secondary or tertiary amine, dramatically improves the dye bleed performance. The modified polyamide may be prepared by polymerization of polyamide-forming monomers in the presence of a carboxylic acid and a hindered piperidine derivative in amounts sufficient to achieve the high amino end group content.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a coating composition used for original equipment manufacturing or refinishing uses in the automotive industry, which coating composition utilizes an acrylic polymer which contains substituted or unsubstituted exomethylene lactones or lactams as a comonomer.

Abstract: Copolymers designed for use as particulate carriers containing functionalizable amino acid subunits for coupling with targeting ligands are described. The copolymers are polyesters composed of &agr;-hydroxy acid subunits such as D,L-lactide and pseudo-&agr;-amino acid subunits which may be derived from serine or terpolymers of D,L-lactide and glycolide and pseudo-&agr;-amino acid subunits which may be derived from serine. Stable vaccine preparations useful as delayed release formulations containing antigen or antigens and adjuvants encapsulated within or physically mixed with polymeric mircoparticles are described. The particulate carriers are useful for delivering agents to the immune system of a subject by mucosal or parenteral routes to produce immune responses, including antibody and protective responses.

Abstract: (Co)polyamides, for example the polyamides 6 and 66, are prepared via the improvedly catalyzed polycondensation of (co)polyamide-forming (co)monomers, even in the presence of normally catalyst-inhibiting matting agents (e.g., microparticulate TiO2), the catalyst therefor comprising solid nanometric TiO2 particulates having diameters of less than 100 nm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the hydrolytic polymerisation of &egr;-caprolactam to polyamide-6, comprising a step (a) in which ring opening of part of the &egr;-caprolactam to the corresponding amino caproic acid is effected in the presence of water and a step (b) in which polyaddition and polycondensation are effected under preferably anhydrous reaction conditions, in which at least one of the steps (a) and (b) is carried out in a reactor in which a self-renewing interface between the molten phase and the gas phase with a large surface/volume ratio of the molten phase is effected. The method is preferably effected in an horizontal scraped-surface reactor, since relatively strong mixing of the molten phase can be achieved in these and the molten phase is present in a thin layer, a large gas volume is present having a relatively high partial pressure of the water vapour and the thin layer is constantly renewed by shear forces.

Abstract: The invention provides a poly(imide-benzoxazole) (PIBO) copolymer prepared from a trimellitic anhydride halide monomer and a bis(o-diaminophenol) monomer. The PIBO copolymer is characterized by the following recurring unit: wherein X is —O—, —S—, —C(CF3)2—, —C(CH3)2—, —CO—, —CH2—, —SO2—, —SO—, or deleted; and n is an integer. The PIBO copolymers of this invention are particularly useful as dielectric layers in semiconductor devices because they possess hydroxyl groups which create better adhesion to semiconductor substrates.

Abstract: Polyamide polymers with side chains from a polyamide backbone, preferably containing carbon to carbon unsaturation which provides unique conductive and color change properties, are described. In particular, unsaturation is in the form of side chains from the polyamide backbone, with aligned diacetylene groups in each side chain which are aligned and in the same plane.

Abstract: A polyamide and a process for preparing the polyamide are disclosed.

Abstract: Polyacetylene compounds and process for the preparation thereof from a chiral dihydroxy amide are described. The compounds preferably have diacyl groups attached to the amide. The compounds are useful for making films which are electrically conductive, near infrared absorbing, polarizing, and have the characteristic optical and other properties of polyacetylenes.

Abstract: An article having a non-thrombogenic surface and a process for making the article are disclosed. The article is formed by (i) coating a polymeric substrate with a crosslinked chemical combination of a polymer having at least two amino substituted side chains, a crosslinking agent containing at least two crosslinking functional groups which react with amino groups on the polymer, and a linking agent containing a first functional group which reacts with a third functional group of the crosslinking agent, and (ii) contacting the coating on the substrate with an antithrombogenic agent which covalently bonds to a second functional group of the linking agent. In one example embodiment, the polymer is a polyamide having amino substituted alkyl chains on one side of the polyamide backbone, the crosslinking agent is a phosphine having the general formula (A)3P wherein A is hydroxyalkyl, the linking agent is a polyhydrazide and the antithrombogenic agent is heparin.

Abstract: In order to improve smoothness and contamination resistance of the surface of a golf ball while impact resistance of a coating film is preserved, a painted golf ball constituted of a body and a coating film formed on the body is fabricated by using urethane resin-based paint, acrylic resin-based paint or epoxy resin-based paint for the coating film, the paint containing modified polysiloxane having at least one hydroxyl or carboxyl group in one end of a polysiloxane chain at a ratio of 0.1 to 10% by weight relative to a resin component of the paint, and the modified polysiloxane having a molecular weight of 700 to 7000.

Abstract: Polyacetylene compounds and process for the preparation thereof from a chiral dihydroxy amide are described. The compounds preferably have diacyl groups attached to the amide. The compounds are useful for making films which are electrically conductive, near infrared absorbing, polarizing, and have the characteristic optical and other properties of polyacetylenes.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a coating composition used for original equipment manufacturing or refinishing uses in the automotive industry, which coating composition utilizes an acrylic polymer which contains substituted or unsubstituted exomethylene lactones or lactams as a comonomer.

Abstract: The invention relates to carbodiimide-based block copolymers, a method of preparing them and also their use as hydrolysis stabilizers in ester-group-containing polymers.

Abstract: Condensation copolymers are disclosed which are polymerized from a first monomer which is capable of polymerization by condensation polymerization, e.g., ring opening lactone polymerization, and a second monomer which is effective to suppress the crystallization of the copolymer. It is disclosed that suppression of the crystallization can provide enhanced mechanical properties in films made from the copolymers. As a result, films prepared from the copolymers of the present invention can have properties rendering them suitable for use as biodegradable trash bags as well as for other uses.

Abstract: Polymers and processes for synthesizing the polymers from .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated lactones, particularly 2(5H)-furanone, and amines with side chains. The polymers are used as hydrogels, as polymers that can bind metals and form complexes that are soluble in organic solvents, as polymers useful as flocculants in water purification, as polymers useful on non-fouling surfaces for biofilm suppression, polymers for use on non-thrombogenic surfaces, and polymers with uses as thin conductive films for microchips and other electronic devices. The process is a polymerization reaction involving the cyclic .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated lactone and a primary amine or primary ammonium compound.

Abstract: Polyimide precursor solutions comprise an organic liquid and the reaction product of an aromatic dianhydride and an aromatic diaminobenzoxazole capped, on at least one terminal end, with a bifunctional chain extender. The bifunctional chain extender has one functional group reactive with the amine of the aromatic diaminobenzoxazole or the anhydride of the aromatic dianhydride and another functional group which does not form amic acid linkages, but which is capable of further reaction to increase the molecular weight of the polyimide precursor under conditions other than those used to react the aromatic diamine and aromatic dianhydride to form the polyimide precursor. These polyimide precursors can be converted into polyimidebenzoxazole polymers.

Abstract: This invention relates to adhesion agents and compatibility agents, respectively, on the basis of partially crystalline, high-molecular block (co)polyester amides, produced by direct esterification of carboxyl-terminated or hydroxycarboxyl-terminated polyamide precondensates and hydroxyl-terminated or hydroxycarboxyl-terminated polyester segments, characterized in that the block (co)polyester amides form two crystalline phases and comprise as segments(A) at least one polyamide or copolyamide block having a uniform number average molar mass of at least 1000 g/mole,(B) at least one aromatic polyester and/or copolyester block having a uniform number average molar mass of at least 1000 g/mole, and(C) at least one further diol component of the general structureHO--R--OH,wherein R is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic or partially aromatic (co)polyesters, aliphatic polyethers, aliphatic (co)polyester amides, polycarbonates or aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymerisable double-bond derived polyamides obtainable by reacting the polyamide in an aqueous solution with a compound which contains both a polymerisable double bond and an oxirane ring. These derived polyamides may be processed to provide graft polymers with improved properties.

Abstract: A liquid system for executing the anionic lactam polymerization is proposed, which contains activator as well as catalyst and selectively additives and which is liquid at room temperature and remains stable when stored.

Abstract: A semiconductor device capable of preventing the occurrence of defect of electroconductivity, wherein a semiconductor chip 1 equipped with electrodes 11 is mounted on an auxiliary wiring plate 2 in the state of facing the surface of the electrode 11 side, leading conductors 23 are disposed in the inside of the auxiliary wiring plate 2, one end of each leading conductor 23 forms an internal electrode 21 projecting from the surface of the auxiliary wiring plate 2 at the side of mounting the semiconductor chip 1, the other end of the leading conductor 23 forms an external electrode 22 projecting from the surface of the auxiliary wiring plate opposite to the side of mounting the semiconductor chip 1, and each of the internal electrodes 21 is connected to each of the electrodes 11 of the semiconductor chip 1, at least a gap between the semiconductor chip 1 and the auxiliary wiring plate 2 is encapsulated with a heat-welding polyimide resin layer.

Abstract: Crystane, low melting .epsilon.-Caprolactone polymers which undergo accelerated hydrolysis, and their use as lubricant coatings and/or as coatings containing bioactive agents, as carriers of viable cells, and as coatings for open-cell microporous template or constucts for tissue regeneration; the polymers bearing basic functionalities can be linked ionically or covalently to the ester chain which induces autocatalyzed hydrolysis.

Abstract: There are proposed a method and a device for manufacturing polyamides, in which polyamide granulate manufactured by polycondensation in the molten mass is after-condensed in the solid phase, being heated. The polyamide granulate is heated in one step to a first temperature of between 70.degree. C. and 150.degree. C., and held for a predetermined period of time at this temperature, and then, in a second step, is heated to a second higher temperature, however lying beneath the melting point, and is after-condensed at this temperature, until the desired average degree of polycondensation is achieved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aromatic polyamide pulp and its preparing process which has both excellent physical properties and high degree of polymerization wherein aromatic diamine is reacted with aromatic diacid chloride in amides and/or urea-based polymerization solvent containing inorganic salts and/or a little of Lewis acid compound. The present invention can easily provide the pulp of high polymerization degree and high orientation by stirrer in the continuous transferable polymerization-orientation-gelation apparatus within a short time without use of a tertiary amine affecting human body and without regard to isotropic or anisotropic, and continuous or uncontinuous ejection.

Abstract: An ester-amide block copolymer of the formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R is an aromatic hydrocarbon group with 6-20 carbon atoms and G is a residue of an aliphatic polyester, an aliphatic polycarbonate, an aliphatic polyethercarbonate or a polyorganosiloxane, and having a weight average molecular weight of 30,000-1,000,000. This copolymer is advantageously prepared by polycondensing an activated acyl lactam-terminated aromatic amide of the formula (2) with a diol of the formula (3) by bulk polymerization in a molten state: ##STR2## wherein R and G are the same as defined above.

Abstract: Disclosed are cosmetic melanins of different colors produced by procedures involving oxidative polymerization of monomeric precursors of melanin and/or co-monomers that enhance substantivity or adherence of the melanins to the skin and hair. Also disclosed are methods for preparing cosmetic melanins and methods for using these compositions topically to produce a natural-appearing tan and to prevent damage to skin caused by UV exposure.

Abstract: Isomaleimides and polyisomaleimides can be prepared by a method comprising the steps in sequence: admixing a maleamic acid or polymaleamic acid with an acid halide, reacting the admixture with a tertiary amine at a temperature sufficiently low to suppress the formation of a maleimide, and isolating the resulting isomaleimide or polyisomaleimide. Polymerization of a polyisomaleimide with a polynucleophilic monomer (polythiol, polyol, polyamine) produces novel polymers.

Abstract: Polyimide precursor solutions comprise an organic liquid and the reaction product of an aromatic dianhydride and an aromatic diaminobenzoxazole capped, on at least one terminal end, with a bifunctional chain extender. The bifunctional chain extender has one functional group reactive with the amine of the aromatic diaminobenzoxazole or the anhydride of the aromatic dianhydride and another functional group which does not form amic acid linkages, but which is capable of further reaction to increase the molecular weight of the polyimide precursor under conditions other than those used to react the aromatic diamine and aromatic dianhydride to form the polyimide precursor. These polyimide precursors can be converted into polyimidebenzoxazole polymers.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing polyamide molded articles having improved resistance to discoloration while also having good heat stability involving preparing masterbatch pellets of at least a polyamide and a heat stabilizer, diluting the polyamide masterbatch pellets with a dilution polyamide resin to form a polyamide mixture, and molding the polyamide mixture into a molded article.

Abstract: A random copolymerized polyamide resin is prepared by reacting a lactam of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.2-11 alkylene group optionally substituted with a substituent having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, with a hexamethylenediamine-adipic acid salt while concentrating the aqueous solution of the salt to a concentration of at least 70% by weight and while maintaining a uniform reaction phase at all times by controlling the pressure over and the temperature of the reaction medium such that the hexamethylenediamine-adipic acid salt does not precipitate, said pressure being up to not greater than 2 kg/cm.sup.2 .multidot.G and said temperature being up to not greater than 150.degree. C., and then mixing in the solution of the lactam of formula (I) thereby effecting copolymerization and forming a polyamide resin having a relative viscosity measured by the sulfuric acid solution method (1% at 25.degree. C.) of 1.5 to 8.0.

Abstract: A process for the batch preparation of polylaurolactam in the melt, involving introducing molten, anhydrous laurolactam at a temperature of up to 280.degree. C. into a pressure-resistant reactor heated externally to a maximum of 290.degree. C.; introducing steam having a temperature in the range from 170.degree. to 280.degree. C. and a pressure in the range from 8 to 64 bar into the laurolactam until the laurolactam is heated under pressure to a temperature in a range from 280.degree. to 290.degree. C., to give a ring opened precondensed product; and, if desired, after release of pressure, polycondensing the ring opened precondensed product.