Abstract: A terminal-modified imide oligomer having an unsaturated group as a terminal group and an imide bond inside of the oligomer which is produced by reacting 2,3,3',4'-or 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid or its derivative, a diamine compound, and an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or its derivative and/or an unsaturated monoamine in an organic solvent is disclosed. This oligomer has a logarithmic viscosity of not more than 1.0. This logarithmic viscosity is measured under the conditions of concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml-solvent (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) and a temperature of 30.degree. C., and has a melting point of 50.degree. to 300.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel heat stable polyamide-imide polymers having excellent flow properties and moisture stability which render them more readily processible into fibers, films, sheets and other molded articles. The polymers are prepared by forming the polycondensation product of one or more aromatic diamines, one or more tetrafunctional aromatic dianhydrides, and a difunctional aromatic carboxylic acid or amide-forming derivative thereof containing the groups ##STR1## linking two aromatic moieties, wherein R is CF.sub.3 or phenyl. In addition to improved flow properties, the polyamide-imide polymers of this invention also exhibit improved solubility properties in most organic solvents, improved resistance to attack by chlorinated solvents such as trichloroethylene as compared with polyimides, improved hydrophobic properties as well as excellent thermal properties, including resistance to thermooxidative degradation.

Abstract: There are provided copolymers having repeating units of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is --S--, --O-- or --NH--; and wherein y ranges from about 0.02 to 0.20 and z is 1.0-y.

Abstract: There are provided aromatic heterocyclic polymers having repeating units of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is --S--, --O-- or --NH--.

Abstract: There are provided aromatic heterocyclic polymers having repeating units of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is --H or R.sub.2 is ##STR2## R.sub.3 is ##STR3## and R.sub.4 is R.sub.2 or ##STR4## and B is ##STR5## wherein X is --S--, --O--, or --NH--.

Abstract: There are provided copolymers having repeating units of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is --H or ##STR2## R.sub.2 is ##STR3## R.sub.3 is ##STR4## and R.sub.4 is R.sub.2 or ##STR5## and B is ##STR6## wherein X is --S--, --O-- or --NH--; and wherein y ranges from about 0.02 to 0.20 and z is 1.0-y.

Abstract: Thin films of polyimide having electrical insulation, low thermal expansion, high glass transition temperature, and good adhesion are made by dispersing fine domains of relatively flexible polyimide which is fluorinated in a matrix of relatively rigid polyimide.

Abstract: Methods of solution processing of rigid chain and ladder polymers to films, coatings, or fibers from isotropic or anisotropic solutions in aprotic organic solvents containing Lewis acids are disclosed.

Abstract: A patterned thin film suitable for use in electric and electronic devices, prepared from a polymer or a mixture of the polymer and other known compounds capable of forming a thin film by LB technique, said polymer having linear recurring units wherein an organic group R.sup.1 having at least 2 carbon atoms and a valence of at least 2 is combined alternately with an organic group R.sup.2 having at least 2 carbon atoms and a valence of at least 2 through a bivalent group formed by a reaction of an acid group A containing a hetero atom and a basic group B containing a hetero atom, and wherein a hydrocarbon-containing group R.sup.3 having 10 to 30 carbon atoms which may contain a substituent group, is linked by covalent or ionic bond to said recurring units, the number of groups R.sup.3 being at least 2 per 10 recurring units.

Abstract: Alkoxylated amido-containing polyamines which are suitable as oil demulsifiers are obtainable by condensing a dicarboxylic acid of 3 to 20 carbon atoms or one of its functional derivatives with a polyalkylenepolyamine having 2 or more carbon atoms and 2 or more amino groups and reacting the product with a total of from 1 to 200 moles/mole of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide and/or 1,2-butylene oxide.

Abstract: This invention discloses a unique process for the preparation of N-substituted phenyl polybenzimidazole polymers from unsubstituted polybenzimidazole polymers. An unsubstituted polybenzimidazole polymer is first reacted with an alkali hydride to produce a polybenzimidazole anion which is then reacted with a substituted or an unsubstituted phenyl fluoride to produce N-substituted phenyl polybenzimidazole polymer. The N-substituted phenyl polybenzimidazole polymer produced by this process can be formed into a wide range of products, such as membranes, films resins or fibers. The produce can be designed to meet special applications by the choice of the substitutent. These N-substituted phenyl polybenzimidazole polymers can be utilized for numerous applications including reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, electrodialysis, ion exchange and affinity chromatography.

Abstract: Novel polymers containing amide and imide moieties are produced by reaction of a spirodilactam precursor selected from 4-oxoheptanedioic acid compounds or 1,6-dioxa [4,4] spirodilactones, a primary diamine and an aromatic tricarboxylic acid compound. The polymer products have relatively high glass transition temperatures.

Abstract: Thermosettable prepolymers are prepared by reacting (A) the reaction product of (1) a heterocyclic material having one or more rings therein, at least one nitrogen atom in a ring and at least two substituent groups which have at least one reactive hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a hetercyclic ring such as 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine; (2) a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid mono- or dianhydride such as pyromellitic dianhydride; and (3) a compound containing both a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group and at least one group selected from (a) a heterocyclic material having one or more rings, at least one nitrogen atom in a ring and at least one substituent group which has at least one reactive hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a heterocyclic ring such as 2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine or (b) a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid mono- or dianhydride group such as cis-5-norbornene-endo-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride; with (B) an aqueous or al

Abstract: The instant invention involves a process for producing continuous polybenzimidazole films. The process is comprised of the following steps:(a) preparing a solvent solution of a polybenzimidazole polymer;(b) continuously casting the solution upon a support;(c) evaporating a sufficient amount of the solvent to form a self-supporting film in an oven;(d) washing the film in a nonsolvent;(e) removing the film from the support; and(f) continuously collecting the continuous film.

Abstract: An amphiphilic high polymer comprises a linear recurring unit containing at least divalent organic group (R.sub.1) having at least two carbon atoms, at least divalent organic group (R.sub.2) having at least two carbon atoms, and at least one C.sub.10-30 hydrocarbon-containing group (R.sub.3) which may have one or more substituent groups, said organic groups R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 being connected to each other by a divalent connecting group, and said hydrocarbon-containing group R.sub.3 being boned to said recurring unit by a covalent bond, and the method for producing the same comprises polycondensating a combination of monomers containing R.sub.1 and R.sub.2.

Abstract: There are provided copolymers having repeating units of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is --H or ##STR2## wherein X is --S--, --O-- or --NH--; and wherein Y ranges from about 0.02 to 0.20 and z is 1.0-y.

Abstract: There are provided heterocyclic polymers having repeating units of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is --H or ##STR2## R.sub.2 is ##STR3## R.sub.3 is ##STR4## and R.sub.4 is R.sub.2 or ##STR5## and B is ##STR6## wherein X is --S--, --O-- or --NH--.

Abstract: This invention discloses a unique process for the preparation of N-substituted polybenzimidazole polymers from unsubstituted polybenzimidazole polymers. An unsubstituted polybenzimidazole polymer is first reacted with an alkali hydride to produce a polybenzimidazole anion which is then reacted with a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or alkenyl methyl halide to produce an N-substituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl polybenzimidazole polymer. The substituted polybenzimidazole polymer produced by this process can be formed into a wide range of products, such as membranes, films, resins or fibers. The product can be designed to meet special applications by the choice of the substituent. These substituted polybenzimidazole polymers can be utilized for numerous applications including reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, electrodialysis, ion exchange and affinity chromatography.

Abstract: This invention discloses a process for the preparation of substituted polybenzimidazole polymers by reacting an unsubstituted polybenzimidazole polymer with a pyrocarbonate to produce an oxyformulated polybenzimidazole polymer. The oxyformulated polybenzimidazole polymer can be heated to convert it to an N-substituted polybenzimidazole polymer. Membranes, fibers and other products produced from the products of these reactions are highly resistant to chemical reactions with broad utility as fibers or membranes.

Abstract: A process for producing cyanoethyl derivatives of hydroxyethylated polybenzimidazole is provided. The process comprises the steps of preparing an hydroxyethylated polybenzimidazole solution, mixing with that solution a base with a pka of at least 9 to form an hydroxyethylated polybenzimidazole anion and reacting the anion with acrylonitrile to produce a cyanoethyl derivative of the hydroxyethylated polybenzimidazole polymer. The derivative can be formed into ultrafilters, ion exchange membranes and for other such separatory articles.

Abstract: Polyaminoamides of formula: ##STR1## in which A.sub.1 represents a divalent radical of structure: ##STR2## in which a and b=0 or 1 ##STR3## in which c and d=0 or 1 or ##STR4## B.sub.1 represents: (1) in the proportions of 60 to 100% (in moles), the radical ##STR5## in which x.sub.1 =2 and n.sub.1 =1 or 2, or alternatively, x.sub.1 =3 and n.sub.1 =1 and e=0 or 1(2) in the proportions of 0 to 40% (in moles), the radical (II) above in which x.sub.1 =2 and n.sub.1 =0 or the radical ##STR6## (3) in the proportions of 0 to 20% (in moles), the radical--NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.6 --NH--;in radicals A.sub.1 and B.sub.1, Y represents a residue of an ultraviolet radiation-absorbing molecule, anda+b+c+d+e.gtoreq.1,it being understood that when a, b, c, d or e are zero, the nitrogen atom is then bound to a hydrogen atom;the ratio m/p is between 0.05 and 0.5;A.sub.2 represents a bivalent radical which has one of the following structures: ##STR7## B.sub.

Abstract: Thermosettable prepolymers are prepared by reacting (A) the reaction product of (1) a heterocyclic material having one or more rings therein, at least one nitrogen atom in a ring and at least two substituent groups which have at least one reactive hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a heterocyclic ring such as 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine; (2) a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid mono- or dianhydride such as pyromellitic dianhydride; and (3) a compound containing both a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group and at least one group selected from (a) a heterocyclic material having one or more rings, at least one nitrogen atom in a ring and at least one substituent group which has at least one reactive hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a heterocyclic ring such as 2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine or (b) a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid mono- or dianhydride group such as cis-5-norbornene-endo-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride; with (B) an aqueous or a

Abstract: A thin film comprising a polymer having linear recurring units wherein an organic group R.sup.1 is combined alternately with an organic group R.sup.2 through a bivalent bonding group, wherein each of said group R.sup.1 and said group R.sup.2 has a valence of at least 2 and has at least 2 carbon atoms; each of said linear recurring units having at least one hydrocarbon-containing group R.sup.3 having 10 to 30 carbon atoms bonded with covalent bond, and a device having the thin film. The thin film of the invention is formed by building-up layers of the above polymer by LB technique, and the obtained film can be subjected to ring closure and to elimination of a known LB compound added as occasion demand by heat treatment to provide a thin film having a thickness of not more than 10,000 .ANG. and excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance and mechanical properties, and the device having the thin film is useful particularly as electric and electronic devices.

Abstract: Provided are novel para-ordered aromatic heterocyclic polymers having repeating groups of the following formula ##STR1## wherein Y is --O--, --S--, or --NH--, n is 1 or 2, and Q is ##STR2## wherein Z is --O-- or --S--. There are also provided methods for preparing the above polymers.

Abstract: By the use of small amounts of novel amide resin reaction products of dibasic dimerized or trimerized fatty acids, an alkanolamine and a polyalkylene polyamine, improved drilling mud formulations are obtained. In those oil mud drilling formulations that contain organophilic clays, one is able to maximize the viscosity and gelation of the formulations, resulting in less preparation time and less material usage, especially the clay. In accordance with the invention, one is able to thicken or gel oil-mud systems at usual operating temperatures even when using low viscosity/low aromatic oils as the external phase, and to maximize the yield of organophilic clays readily in a short period of time, at low shear rates. The amide resin extends the utility of organophilic clays in low viscosity oil-mud systems. They produce more shear thinning fluids, higher yield points and quicker gel strengths while maintianing low plastic viscosities.

Abstract: Sintered polybenzimidazole articles are obtained by compacting a particulate, dried polybenzimidazole resin under a pressure of 2,000 to 10,000 psi in a mold, heating the formed article to a temperature in the range of 825.degree. to 950.degree. F. for at least four hours, cooling the polybenzimidazole article to below 800.degree. F. while maintaining the article under a pressure of 2,000 to 10,000 psi, and thereafter heating the constrained formed polybenzimidazole article to a temperature in the range of 825.degree. to 950.degree. F. for at least one hour.

Abstract: Thermosettable prepolymers or polymers are prepared by reacting (A) the reaction product of (1) a heterocyclic material having one or more rings, at least one nitrogen atom and at least two substituent groups which have at least one reactive hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a heterocyclic ring such as 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine; (2) a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid mono- or dianhydride such as pyromellitic dianhydride; and (3) a material containing a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group and at least one group selected from (a) a heterocyclic material having one or more rings, at least one nitrogen atom and at least one substituent group which has at least one reactive hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a heterocyclic ring such as 2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine or (b) a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid mono- or dianhydride group such as cis-5-norbornene-endo-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride; with (B) an aqueous or alcoholic solution of

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of high strength polybenzimidazole filaments and molded products made from such filaments. The filaments produced by this process contain from about 10 to about 50 percent by weight residual solvent and can be heated at a temperature of about 350.degree. C. to about 600.degree. C. to produce three-dimensional foamed articles.

Abstract: Poly(p-phenylene-2,5,furandicarbonamide), with an inherent viscosity of at least 1.5 dl/g measured at 30.degree. C. on a 5 g/dl solution in 98% sulphuric acid, is prepared by performing the condensation at 100.degree. C. at most and using a molar excess of triphenylphosphite of 1-20% in respect to the total amounts of p-phenyleediamine and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid which are started from. Anisotropic solutions of the aforementioned polyamide, filaments and films thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: Oligomeric and/or polymeric radiation-reactive polyimidazole and polyimidazo pyrrolone precursors which are soluble in organic solvents, can be prepared with high purity, i.e., especially without chloride, in a simple manner if an aromatic and/or heterocyclic tetraamino compound is reacted in the presence of a carbodiimide, with an olefinically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid and a dicarboxylic acid, or with an olefinically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid and an aromatic and/or heterocyclic tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, or with an olefinically unsaturated tetracarboxylic acid diester, in the form of an addition product of the tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and an olefinically unsaturated alcohol. The radiation-reactive precursors prepared in this manner are suitable, for instance, for the manufacture of highly heat-resistant relief structures.

Abstract: A polyamide and/or polyimide is prepared by using N,N'-dimethylethyleneurea or N,N'-dimethylpropyleneurea as a solvent upon polycondensation of a polycarboxylic acid and a diisocyanate at a temperature above 100.degree. C. in the presence of an alkali metal carbonate, alkali metal hydrogencarbonate, alkali metal hydroxide or an alkali metal salt of a polycarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Novel liquid crystalline extended chain polymer compositions comprising a high concentration of one or more extended chain homopolymer(s), copolymer(s), or block polymer(s) and certain strong acids are prepared by admixing a high concentration of one or more selected homo- or hetero-bifunctional monomer(s) with or without oxidation protecting atoms or groups and one or more of a substantially non-oxidizing strong acid(s) having a high or low P.sub.2 O.sub.5 content. Such compositions are capable of exhibiting excellent cohesive strength, and are especially suited to the production of high molecular weight ordered polymer fibers by dry-jet wet spinning. These liquid crystalline compositions are capable of being drawn through long air gap distances and spun at exceptionally high spin draw ratios. Fibers, films and other articles formed from these liquid crystalline compositions exhibit exceptionally high physical and heat resistant properties.

Abstract: Polymer compositions containing repeating units from 0 to 95 mol percent of aromatic dicarboxylic acids containing 8 to 16 carbon atoms and having at least three carbon atoms between carboxyl groups or esters thereof, repeating units from 0 to 95 mole % 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, repeating units from 5 to 100 mol % trimellitic acid or anhydride, and repeating units from 5 to 100 mol % 4-(aminomethyl)cyclohexanemethanol, and wherein the mol % of the repeating units from the trimellitic acid or anhydride does not exceed the mol % of repeating units from the 4-(aminomethyl)cyclohexanemethanol.

Abstract: Thermosettable prepolymers are prepared by reacting (1) an aromatic heterocyclic material having one or more rings and at least one nitrogen atom and at least two reactive substituent groups which have at least one reactive hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a heterocyclic ring such as 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine or 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine, (2) a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid cyclic mono- or dianhydride such as pyromellitic dianhydride and (3) a material containing a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group and at least one group selected from (a) a heterocyclic material having one or more rings and at least one nitrogen atom and at least one substituent group which has at least one reactive hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a heterocyclic ring such as 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine, and (b) a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid cyclic monoanhydride or dianhydride such as cis-5-norbornene-endo-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymeric polyamine having a molecular weight of from 1000 to 16000 and containing from 2 to 4 primary amino groups per molecule, the polymeric polyamine being the condensation product of a polycarboxylic acid or ester with a stoichiometric excess of a polyamine having terminal aminopropoxy groups and a molecular weight below 500.

Abstract: A polyamide composition comprising a polycondensate of 60 to 100 mole % of terephthalic acid component units and 40 to 0 mole % of units of an aromatic carboxylic acid other than terephthalic acid with an aliphatic alkylene-diamine having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and having a gel proportion of 6 to 90% as measured at 50.degree. C. in concentrated sulfuric acid.

Abstract: The invention provides a substituted polybenzimidazole product produced by employing a cyclic carbonate to attach hydroxyalkyl substituents at the reactive imidazole hydrogen sites on the polybenzimidazole polymer. The substituted polybenzimidazole polymer membranes produced by this process exhibit improved hydrophilicity and chemical stability over prior art polybenzimidazole membranes. Substituted polybenzimidazole polymer ultrafilters produced by this process filter a broad range of molecular weight compounds.

Abstract: Polyamides containing free amino groups and suitable for use as curing agents for polyepoxy compounds are derived from (a) a polybasic acid component comprising polymeric fatty acid together with from 10 to 90 mole %, based on the total acid component, of one or more aromatic dicarboxylic acids containing two carboxylic acid groups and one benzene ring, each carboxylic acid group being directly linked to a benzene ring, and (b) a polyamine component containing at least 50 mole % of one or more aliphatic polyamines containing at least three amino groups per molecule.Cured resinous composition may be prepared by reacting the polyamides with polyepoxy compounds and curable composition contain the polyamides together with polyepoxy compounds.

Abstract: This invention describes an improved cationic wet strength resin prepared from: an epichlorohydrin-ammonia intermediate reaction product; polyalkyleneamine-amide, and epichlorohydrin. This resin is not only efficient in imparting wet strength to paper but also provides that the treated paper is easier to repulp than paper treated with conventional epoxidized polyalkyleneamine-amide.

Abstract: Novel polymers and molding compositions are prepared from acyl halide derivatives of tricarboxylic acids and diamines and about 1 to about 10 percent by weight of phthalic anhydride, or trimellitic anhydride or aniline moieties. The polymers are useful in engineering plastics.

Abstract: This invention provides novel polymers which are characterized by a recurring structural unit that contains a pendant quinoid structure and that exhibits nonlinear optical response.The following structure is illustrative of an invention polymer: ##STR1## where m is an integer of at least 3.

Abstract: A two stage process for the production of benzimidazole/aromatic amide polymers and copolymers and wholly aromatic polyamides is provided wherein an aromatic amine component comprising an aromatic diamine or triamine and optionally, an aromatic tetraamine is reacted with an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and/or ester. The reactants are heated with agitation in a first stage to a temperature at least sufficient to initiate condensate evolution. The agitation is then discontinued and the reaction is allowed to proceed, in many cases with the formation of a foam while heating is continued. The reaction mass is then allowed to solidify by cooling and is crushed to a ground prepolymer which is heated with agitation in a second stage to a temperature higher than that of the first stage until the desired polymer is obtained. The invention also includes certain benzimidazole/aromatic amide polymers and copolymers as new compositions of matter.

Abstract: Novel compositions comprising a high concentration of one or more extended chain homopolymer, copolymer, or block polymer and certain polyphosphoric acids are prepared under conditions to exercise control of molecular weight as characterized by intrinsic visoscity. Such compositions are optically anisotropic (liquid crystlaline), capable of exhibiting excellent cohesive strength, and are especially suited to the production of high molecular weight ordered polymer fibers by dry-jet wet spinning. These liquid crystalline compositions are capable of being drawn through long air gap distances and spun at excptionally high spin draw ratios. Fibers, films and other articles formed from these liquid crystalline compositions exhibit exceptionally high physical and heat resistant properties.

Abstract: A product formed by reacting a polymeric polyamidoamine with a low molecular weight polyamine under reactions conditions to cause transamidation and then further reacting the transamidation product with a compound which is polyfunctional with respect to amino groups present in the transamidation product. The resultant material is useful in paper making processes as a retention and drainage aid.

Abstract: An ungelled composition is prepared as the half-amide reaction product of a diester of oxalic acid and a material containing one or more primary and/or secondary amino groups and one or more different functional groups. The ungelled composition is useful as a crosslinking agent for amine group containing materials and as an intermediate in the preparation of resinous compositions for fire protective coatings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to agents for increasing the retention of fibres, fillers and pigments and for accelerating drainage in papermaking, and as flocculating agents in the working up of effluents from papermaking by filtration, sedimentation and flotation. They are characterized in that they contain, as active components, one or more nitrogen-containing condensation products which can be obtained by reacting (A) aliphatic polyol-ether-amines which are free from halogen groups, contain cohesive polyether segments and carry no amino groups within these segments, with (B) compounds which are polyfunctional towards amino groups, optionally in the presence of (C) polyaminopolyamides and/or (D) polyalkylenepolyamines, component (B) being employed in an amount such that water-soluble polycondensates which have a viscosity of 100 to 1,000 mPa.s at 25.degree. C. in 25% strength aqueous solution are formed.

Abstract: Polymer compositions containing repeating units from 0 to 95 mol percent of aromatic dicarboxylic acids containing 8 to 16 carbon atoms and having at least three carbon atoms between carboxyl groups or esters thereof, repeating units from 0 to 95 mol % 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, repeating units from 5 to 100 mol % trimellitic acid or anhydride, and repeating units from 5 to 100 mol % 4-(aminomethyl)cyclohexanemethanol, and wherein the mol % of the repeating units from the trimellitic acid or anhydride does not exceed the mol % of repeating units from the 4-(aminomethyl)cyclohexanemethanol.

Abstract: In a multilayer printed circuit board comprising an insulating substrate and a plurality of circuit elements provided thereon in layers, each of which is composed of a circuit pattern and an insulating resin layer provided over the circuit pattern, the circuit patterns arranged adjacently to each other being portionwise connected electrically through via at least one hole, the improvement in which said insulating resin layer comprises a photoset resin of an aromatic polyamide having at least 10 molar % of a constitutional unit of the formula (Ia): ##STR1## wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently is a hydrogen atom or a residue of a reactive organic compound, Ar.sup.1 is a divalent aromatic residue, and Ar.sup.2 is a divalent aromatic residue possessing a photosensitive group.

Abstract: A two stage process for the production of polybenzimidazoles is provided wherein an aromatic tetraamine, e.g., 3,3',4,4'-tetraaminobiphenyl, is reacted with a dicarboxylic component consisting of at least one compound having the formula: ##STR1## in which R' is a divalent organic radical and may be the same or different in the various molecules making up the dicarboxylic component and the Y's may be the hydrogen, aryl or alkyl, with no more than 95% the Y's being hydrogen or phenyl. The reactants are heated with agitation in a first stage to a temperature above the melting point of the tetraamine until the viscosity of the mixture rises as indicated by an agitator torque of at least 1.5 times that before the rise in viscosity. The agitation is then discontinued and the reaction mixture is allowed to foam while heating is continued. The foam is then allowed to cool to a friable mass and is crushed to a ground prepolymer which is heated with agitation in a second stage until the desired polymer is obtained.

Abstract: There are provided polyisoimides having repeating units of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## wherein Me is --CH.sub.3 and wherein X is ##STR3## The polyisoimides of the present invention are soluble in a variety of solvents, including DMAC, THF and the like.The polyisoimides of the present invention are used to produce cured resins having high strength and temperature characteristics as well as low void contents. Curing is effected by heating the polyisoimides at temperatures ranging from about 200.degree. C. to about 370.degree. C.