Abstract: A resin comprising a structural unit represented by formula (I0): wherein A1, A2 and A3 each independently represent a C2-C18 divalent hydrocarbon group, R1, R2, R3 and R4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 saturated hydrocarbon group, X1 and X2 each independently represent *—O—CO—, —O—CO—O— or —O—, and * represents a binding site to A2 or A3.

Abstract: Copolymerization of elemental sulfur with functional comonomers afford sulfur copolymers having a high molecular weight and high sulfur content. Nucleophilic activators initiate sulfur polymerizations at relative lower temperatures and in solutions, which enable the use of a wider range of comonomers, such as vinylics, styrenics, and non-homopolymerizing comonomers. Nucleophilic activators promote ring-opening reactions to generate linear polysulfide intermediates that copolymerize with comonomers. Dynamic sulfur-sulfur bonds enable re-processing or melt processing of the sulfur polymer. Chalcogenide-based copolymers have a refractive index of about 1.7-2.6 at a wavelength in a range of about 5000 nm-8????. The sulfur copolymer can be a thermoplastic or a thermoset for use in elastomers, resins, lubricants, coatings, antioxidants, cathode materials for electrochemical cells, dental adhesives/restorations, and polymeric articles such as polymeric films and free-standing substrates.

Abstract: To provide a transparent plastic substrate having a high cut rate of blue light, a plastic lens and a transparent plastic member. A transparent plastic substrate containing a benzotriazole compound represented by the formula (1), a plastic lens containing the transparent plastic substrate, and a transparent plastic member containing a benzotriazole compound represented by the formula (1).

Abstract: To provide a transparent plastic substrate having a high cut rate of blue light, a plastic lens and a transparent plastic member. A transparent plastic substrate containing a benzotriazole compound represented by the formula (1), a plastic lens containing the transparent plastic substrate, and a transparent plastic member containing a benzotriazole compound represented by the formula (1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyarylene sulfide resin, a method for producing the same, a poly(arylene sulfonium salt), and a method for producing the same. The production method comprises a step of obtaining a poly(arylene sulfonium salt) comprising a terminal group including at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a carboxy group, a hydroxy group and an amino group, and a step of dealkylating or dearylating the poly(arylene sulfonium salt) to obtain a polyarylene sulfide resin, and a polyarylene sulfide resin comprising a terminal group including a functional group obtainable by the production method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a polyarylene sulfide resin comprising: reacting a sulfoxide represented by the following formula (1) with a particular aromatic compound to obtain a poly(arylenesulfonium salt) having a particular constitutional unit; and dealkylating or dearylating the poly(arylenesulfonium salt) to obtain a polyarylene sulfide resin having a particular constitutional unit, wherein R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, etc.; Ar1 and Ar2 each independently represent an arylene group optionally having a substituent; and Z represents a direct bond, etc.

Abstract: A preferred embodiment of the present invention can provide an optical material composition that includes an episulfide compound that is represented by formula (1) and a polymerizable compound that is different from the episulfide compound that is represented by formula (1). The optical material composition makes it possible to stably and inexpensively store the polymerizable compound and to achieve an optical material that has a favorable hue and that has favorable lightfastness and transparency. (In the formula, m is an integer from 0 to 4, and n is an integer from 0 to 2.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing a high-quality thiourethane-based optical material using a general-purpose polyisocyanate compound. According to the method, the pH of a polythiol compound is adjusted to 3.1 to 7 to prevent the occurrence of whitening, which is a problem of the prior art arising from the dissolution of a pressure-sensitive adhesive from a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape upon lens casting. The pH adjustment increases the reaction rate of a resin composition including the polythiol compound. The use of the polythiol compound whose pH is adjusted enables the production of a thiourethane-based optical material that does not suffer from whitening at the edges of the optical lens and nonuniformity polymerization. Further disclosed are a resin composition for a thiourethane-based optical material, and an optical material including a resin produced by the method.

Abstract: The invention has as subject matter a method for producing a polyurethane cast resin, wherein the production comprises the steps of mixing at least one thiol component with at least one isocyanate component, degassing of the mixture and hardening of the polyurethane polymer in a one-stage process. Cast resins for electronic or optoelectronic components of for the production of optical lenses are obtained by the method of the invention that have good mechanical properties and very good optical properties at the same time by a suitable combination of polythiols as hardening component with commercially available isocyanates. The addition of special isocyanates is also not very necessary, as is the case for carrying out the method in several stages. The method in accordance with the invention results in an economical, one-stage process in the properties of the cast resin that are necessary for the application range.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a composition for optical material, which is capable of providing a homogeneous optical material, can be prepared through pre-polymerization reaction between (a) an inorganic compound having a sulfur atom and (b) an episulfide compound using a hindered amine as a catalyst, followed by mixing with (c) a polythiol compound and (d) a polyisocyanate compound. Moreover, this composition for optical material can be polymerized and cured to thereby provide an optical material having high refractive index (ne of 1.73 or higher), high strength (an elongation of 13% or more in three-point bend test and good drilling resistance), and high heat resistance (a softening point of 70° C. or higher, as measured by TMA).

Abstract: Thiol-terminated polythioether compositions and sealants prepared using the thiol-terminated polythioether compositions that exhibit enhanced retention of elongation following exposure to high temperature are disclosed. The enhanced retention of elongation is realized by incorporating certain phenolic antioxidants into the composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile) and a polymer electrolyte membrane thereof. In particular, the present invention provides sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile) having a triple bond at its both ends and a polymer electrolyte membrane with superior mechanical properties prepared by heating sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile) and forming cross-links between ends of sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile).

Abstract: High molecular weight disulfide polymers are synthesized in aqueous media by exposing dithiol compounds to a mild oxidizing environment in the presence of a tertiary amine catalyst. The unique oxidizing system polymerizes monomers through the formation of sulfur-sulfur bonds between dithiol compounds. The same oxidizing system may be used to make disulfide-crosslinked gels from compounds containing multiple thiol groups. The oxidizing system is comprised of oxygen at atmospheric concentration and dilute hydrogen peroxide. A filler such as carbon black may be incorporated into the polymer or cross-linked gel during polymerization. A polydisulfide polymer is provided having a weight average molecular weight of greater than about 100,000 g/mol and a polydispersity index of about 2 or less. A tetrathiol composition results from a reaction of a diacrylate with a trithiol.

Abstract: The present invention provides water-soluble, polymer derivatives having a thiol-selective terminus suitable for selective coupling to thiol groups, such as those contained in the cysteine residues of proteins, as well as methods for preparing the water-soluble, polymer derivatives having a thiol-selective terminus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel polyimidothioethers-inorganic nanoparticle hybrid material, which exhibit good surface planarity, thermal dimensional stability, tunable refractive index, and high optical transparency upon forming into films. The present invention also relates to polyimidothioethers which is an intermediate for preparing the present hybrid material, and their preparation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing high-functionality polyetherols by reacting at least one trifunctional or higher-functionality alcohol and if appropriate further di- and/or monofunctional alcohols and/or modifying reagents, with the aid of acidic catalysts, where the trifunctional or higher-functionality alcohol is not glycerol. The present invention further relates to high-functionality polyetherols obtainable by such a process and to the use of these high-functionality polyetherols as adhesion promoters, thixotropic agents, rheology modifiers of polymers, phase transfer reagents, micro- or nanocontainers for biologically active compounds, for example for active medical ingredients, biocides, herbicides or fungicides, as pigment dispersants, an additive in printing inks or as structural units for preparing polyaddition or polycondensation polymers or for treatment of seed.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for making a cured sealant. The methods include depositing an uncured sealant composition on a substrate and exposing the uncured sealant composition to actinic radiation to provide a cured sealant. The uncured sealant composition includes a thiol-terminated polythioether and a polyene comprising a polyvinyl ether and/or a polyallyl compound. Related sealant compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing polyarylene sulfide, in which the polyarylene sulfide is prepared by a polymerization reaction of reactants including a diiodo aromatic compound and a sulfur compound, the method including: further adding 0.01 to 10.0 wt. % of diphenyl disulfide with respect to the weight of the polyarylene sulfide to the reactants to form the polyarylene sulfide having a melting point of 265 to 320° C. The diphenyl disulfide included in the reactants according to the present invention costs far less than other conventional polymerization inhibitors to dramatically lower the production cost, and the polyarylene sulfide prepared using the diphenyl disulfide exhibits low iodine content and very excellence in thermal stability.

Abstract: A thiol-ene polymeric material is disclosed. The material is produced by the photopolymerization of reactants having thiol and olefin moieties. The material can incorporate encapsulated components, including cells. Additionally, the material can be derivatized by reacting the polymeric material with components such as proteins.

Abstract: The invention relates to a curable composition preferable as a raw material for optical materials such as adhesive agents for optical elements, coating agents for optical elements, resist materials, prisms, optical fibers, information recording substrates, filters and plastic lenses, and more specifically to a curable composition characterized by containing (A) an episulfide compound, and (B) a polymerization catalyst comprising a tetraalkylphosphonium dialkylphosphate represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 to R6 are the same or different, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having a hydroxyl group and 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and linear, branched or cycloaliphatic.

Abstract: A copolymer containing, in addition to recurring elements of a sulfonated poly(arylene) containing exclusively recurring structural element(s) of the general formulas —[—Ar1(SO3M)n-X—]— and —[—Ar2(SO3M)n-Y—]—, wherein X and Y, which are identical or different from each other, each represent an electron-acceptor group, Ar1 and Ar2, which are either identical or different from each other, represent an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5-18 ring atoms; wherein the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system, in addition to the SO3M and the substituents X and Y, optionally comprises additional substituents which are not electron-donor groups; M represents monovalent cation and n is an integral number between 1 and 4; and wherein X, Y, Ar1, Ar2, M and n can be identical or different in various structural elements, independently of each other, one or several additional elements of at least one additional monomer or macromonomer.

Abstract: Metal ligand-containing prepolymers, compositions containing metal ligand-containing prepolymers, methods of synthesizing metal ligand-containing prepolymers and the use of metal ligand-containing prepolymers in aerospace sealant applications are disclosed. The metal ligand-containing prepolymers have metal ligands incorporated into the backbone of the prepolymer. Cured sealant compositions comprising the metal ligand-containing prepolymers exhibit enhanced properties suitable for aerospace sealant applications.

Abstract: A resin composition for an optical material that has excellent balance of refractive index of resin, Abbe number, heat resistance, specific gravity, and resin strength, a resin obtained by curing the resin composition, and an optical material are provided. A polymerizable composition comprising the following is used: An alicyclic isocyanate compound represented by the formula (1) and/or the formula (2): ?(In the formula (1), n represents integer of 0 to 3) ?and (a) at least one compound of the polythiol compound having at least two thiol groups in one molecule and/or the polythiol compound having at least two thiol groups and at least one (poly)sulfide bond other than the thiol group in one molecule, and (b) at least one compound of the polyhydroxy compound having at least two hydroxy groups in one molecule and/or the (poly)hydroxy(poly)mercapto compound having at least one hydroxy group and at least one thiol group.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel monomers of Formula (I) useful for preparation of phase-separated biocompatible polymers or polymer compositions. These polymers or polymer compositions may be bioresorbable and/or biodegradable and have desirable mechanical properties, such as fracture and/or fatigue toughness, which have not been a primary design criteria for such polymers previously. The polymers or polymer compositions are useful in a variety of medical applications, such as in the fabrication of medical devices. Therefore, methods for preparing these polymers or polymer compositions and medical devices are also encompassed by this disclosure.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to mercaptofunctional high ?? EO chromophores and EO polymers, and particularly to mercaptofunctional high ?? EO chromophores and EO polymers useful for making electro-optical devices and systems. Mercaptofunctional high ?? EO chromophores are covalently bonded to poly(imido sulfide) polymers producing high Tg, low optical loss, covalently bonded, high ?? EO chromophore containing polymers. Methods of synthesizing these EO materials using mild polymerization conditions are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dispersion comprising metallic, metal oxide or metal precursor nanoparticles and a polymeric dispersant, the dispersant comprising an anchor group with affinity for the metallic, metal oxide or metal precursor nanoparticles that is chemically bonded to a polymeric backbone characterized in that the dispersant has a 95 wt. % decomposition at a temperature below 300° C. as measured by Thermal Gravimetric Analysis. It further relates to metallic fluids or inks prepared from the dispersion and to the preparation of the dispersion and the metallic fluid or inks.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing an injection-molded article, where the method is capable of obtaining a molded article having a high crystallinity while reducing the amount of flash generated and has excellent productivity. A polyarylene sulfide-based resin composition is injection-molded at a mold temperature of 100° C. or less using a mold on the inner surface of which a heat-insulating layer constituted of porous zirconia is formed. It is preferable that the heat-insulating layer is formed by a spraying method. Preferably, the heat-insulating layer has a thermal conductivity of 2 W/(m·K) or less. Preferably, the heat-insulating layer has a thickness of no less than 200 ?m.

Abstract: By using an amine hydrochloride represented by the formula (1) as a catalyst, a polythiourethane resin which is suitably used for a transparent resin for optical use, can be obtained without using an organotin compound which has been conventionally used as a catalyst for polythiourethane resins and without being affected by the acidity of an additive: wherein R1, R2 and R3 independently represent a monovalent or higher valent linear aliphatic, branched aliphatic, cyclic aliphatic or aromatic organic residue which may have a hydroxyl group or an amino group; and R1, R2 and R3 may be arbitrarily bonded to each other to form a ring.

Abstract: The polymerization catalyst for a polythiourethane-based optical material of the present invention includes a sulfonate represented by the following general formula (1). Furthermore, in the formula, R1, R2, R3 and R4 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R1, R2, R3 and R4 may be bonded to each other to form a ring. R5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and X represents a nitrogen atom or a phosphorus atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photo-polymerized, patterned or unpatterned liquid crystal polymer, especially a liquid crystal polymer film or a liquid crystal polymer network, comprising thio-ether units of formula (I) * covalent bond, which links the unit of formula (I) to the residue of the polymer wherein LC1 is selected from the group of liquid crystal residues, X1 is selected from the group of aliphatic organic residues, and n1 is an integer ?0 and m1 is an integer ?0; with the proviso that if n1 is 0, then m1 is >0, and if m1 is 0, then n1>0; which is prepared in an atmosphere containing oxygen, preferably with an amount of 0.1?oxygen?50%, more preferably 1?oxygen?25%, most preferably in air; with the proviso that polymer dispersed liquid crystals are excluded. Further, this invention relates to a composition used for the preparation of that photo-polymerized liquid crystal polymer of the invention, to processes of the preparation of that liquid crystal polymer and to its use.

Abstract: The present invention provides sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile) and a polymer electrolyte membrane thereof. In particular, the present invention provides sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile) having a triple bond at its both ends and a polymer electrolyte membrane with superior mechanical properties prepared by heating sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile) and forming cross-links between ends of sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile).

Abstract: High molecular weight disulfide polymers are synthesized in aqueous media by exposing dithiol compounds to a mild oxidizing environment in the presence of a tertiary amine catalyst. The unique oxidizing system polymerizes monomers through the formation of sulfur-sulfur bonds between dithiol compounds. The same oxidizing system may be used to make disulfide-crosslinked gels from compounds containing multiple thiol groups. The oxidizing system is comprised of oxygen at atmospheric concentration and dilute hydrogen peroxide. A filler such as carbon black may be incorporated into the polymer or cross-linked gel during polymerization. A polydisulfide polymer is provided having a weight average molecular weight of greater than about 100,000 g/mol and a polydispersity index of about 2 or less. A tetrathiol composition results from a reaction of a diacrylate with a trithiol.

Abstract: A thiol-ene polymeric material is disclosed. The material is produced by the photopolymerization of reactants having thiol and olefin moieties. The material can incorporate encapsulated components, including cells. Additionally, the material can be derivatized by reacting the polymeric material with components such as proteins.

Abstract: Methods of preparation and application of sulfur functionalized polymers. More particularly, triazine, cyclotriphosphazene and/or phenyl derivatives can be polymerized to form sulfur functionalized polymers. The materials can be used for separating heavy metals from gas and liquid. The invention is a solid extractant or sorbent that upon exposure or contact with a gas and/or liquid can remove contaminates or impurities. The material can be employed as a solid agent to remove mercury and other heavy metal from combustion, calcinations and/or industrial gases. Also, the material can be applied as extracting agent for removing mercury and other heavy metal from a liquid phase. Further, the material can be used for removing/recovering hazardous elements from radioactive nuclear waste; or can be used for removing organic compounds from gases and liquids.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to mercaptofunctional high ?? EO chromophores and EO polymers, and particularly to mercaptofunctional high ?? EO chromophores and EO polymers useful for making electro-optical devices and systems. Mercaptofunctional high ?? EO chromophores are covalently bonded to poly(imido sulfide) polymers producing high Tg, low optical loss, covalently bonded, high ?? EO chromophore containing polymers. Methods of synthesizing these EO materials using mild polymerization conditions are also described.

Abstract: The present invention discloses processes for forming polythiol compositions from olefinic hydrocarbons such as cyclooctadiene, cyclododecatriene, and trivinylcyclohexane. The polythiol compositions produced from these processes, including the sulfur-containing compounds of these compositions, also are described.

Abstract: A resin composition excellent in tintability and resin strength, a resin obtained by curing such a resin composition, and an optical component is provided. A polymerizable composition containing an isocyanate compound suitably used for transparent resin materials, at least one polythiol compound which may have one or more (poly) sulfide bonds in a molecule, and at least one polyhydroxy compound having two or more hydroxy groups in a molecule and/or at least one (poly)hydroxy(poly)mercapto compound having one or more hydroxy groups and one or more thiol groups is used.

Abstract: Provided is a production process by which polyarylene sulfide can be obtained at a low temperature and in a short time, which production process is a process for producing polyarylene sulfide, comprising heating a cyclic polyarylene sulfide in the presence of a zero-valent transition metal compound. Examples of zero-valent transition metal compounds include complexes comprising, as metal species, nickel, palladium, platinum, silver, ruthenium, rhodium, copper, silver, and gold, and heating is preferably carried out in the presence of 0.001 to 20 mol % of the zero-valent transition metal compound based on sulfur atoms in the cyclic polyarylene sulfide.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a multimeric agent and a multimeric conjugate formed from this multimeric agent and a biologically active agent. Said multimeric conjugates have a longer life time in vivo and an increased avidity compared to the unmodified biologically agent. The present invention is further directed to a pharmaceutical or diagnostic composition containing said conjugate as well as to a method of its production. The invention additionally provides the use of said conjugates for the detection, determination, separation and/or isolation of a specific binding partner and for the diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment of diseases in which the specific binding partner is directly or indirectly involved.

Abstract: Higher diamondoid derivatives capable of taking part in polymerization reactions are disclosed as well as intermediates to these derivatives, polymers formed from these derivatives and methods for preparing the polymers.

Abstract: According to a preferable embodiment of the present invention, a composition for a resin comprising an inorganic compound having a sulfur atom and/or a selenium atom, an episulfide compound, and a mercaptodisulfide compound can be provided. According to another preferable embodiment of the present invention, a composition for a resin having the viscosity thereof decreased to facilitate a cast polymerization operation and thus to improve the tonality of the obtained optical material can be provided. According to still another preferable embodiment of the present invention, an optical material obtained by curing the above-described composition for a resin and having a high refractive index can be provided.

Abstract: Novel benzoxazine-thiol adducts are described, which may be may be cured to produce compositions useful in coating, sealants, adhesive and many other applications.

Abstract: To obtain a close-contact multi-layer type diffractive optical element having a homogeneous high-refractive-index and low-dispersion resin layer, an acrylate-terminated oligomer, obtained by allowing excess bifunctional acrylate to react with bifunctional thiol, is used as a resin precursor for the high-refractive-index and low-dispersion resin layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymerizable composition comprising Component (a): a polythiocarbonate polythiol, Component (b): an episulfide compound, and optionally Component (c): an organic compound having a functional group that is reactive to the episulfide compound. The polymerizable composition can be cured to provide a polythioether having excellent optical properties (a high refractive index and a high Abbe's number) as well as excellent mechanical properties (a high bending distortion and a high glass transition temperature) and thus exhibiting excellent properties as an optical material.

Abstract: The invention provide a new lens curing method for making hydrogel contact lenses. The new lens curing method is based on actinically-induced step-growth polymerization. The invention also provides hydrogel contact lenses prepared from the method of the invention and fluid compositions for making hydrogel contact lenses based on the new lens curing method. In addition, the invention provide prepolymers capable of undergoing actinically-induced step-growth polymerization to form hydrogel contact lenses.

Abstract: Polymerizable compositions containing at least one metal thietane compound represented by general formulas (110), (201) or (120), respectively, wherein said formulas are as follows: and wherein the identified moieties and n, p, q and r are defined.

Abstract: The invention relates to a curable composition preferable as a raw material for optical materials such as adhesive agents for optical elements, coating agents for optical elements, resist materials, prisms, optical fibers, information recording substrates, filters and plastic lenses, and more specifically to a curable composition characterized by containing (A) an episulfide compound, and (B) a polymerization catalyst comprising a tetraalkylphosphonium dialkylphosphate represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 to R6 are the same or different, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having a hydroxyl group and 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and linear, branched or cycloaliphatic.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polythiocarbonate poly(thio)epoxide in which a hydrogen atom in a mercapto group of a polythiocarbonate polythiol is substituted with a (thio)epoxy-containing group. By using this compound as a starting material, there can be obtained a polythioether or a sulfur-containing polyether having, in addition to excellent optical properties (a high refractive index and a high Abbe's number), excellent mechanical properties (a high bending distortion) and a high glass transition temperature.

Abstract: Hydrolytically and thermo-oxidatively stable sulfonated polyarylenes include the structural element —X—Ar(SO3M)n-Y—. The aromatic ring carrying the sulfonic acid group is substituted exclusively by electron-acceptor bridge groups X and Y and, if applicable, by other non-electron-donor substituents. Their synthesis and application are also included.

Abstract: A biaxially oriented polyarylene sulfide film which has an excellent elongation at break and flatness is provided. The biaxially oriented film may be a biaxially oriented polyarylene sulfide film which is substantially composed of a polyarylene sulfide resin (A), wherein one of the elongations at break in the machine direction and in the transverse direction of the film is not lower than 110%; one of the breaking stresses in the machine direction and in the transverse direction of the film of the film is not higher than 200 MPa; and both of the heat shrinkage ratio in the machine direction of the film and that in the transverse direction of the film at 260° C. for 10 minutes are not less than 0% and not more than 10%.