Abstract: Novel biodegradable phosphoester polyamines are disclosed. The biodegradable phosphoester polyamines may be utilized as cross-linkers for sprayable compositions which may be used as tissue adhesives or sealants.

Abstract: A flame retardant polymer is prepared from renewable content. In an exemplary synthetic method, a bio-derived flame retardant polymer is prepared by a polycondensation reaction of a biobased diol (e.g., isosorbide) and a phosphorus-containing monomer (e.g., phenylphosphonic dichloride). The biobased diol may be obtained either directly from, or through modification of, a biological product. Preferably, at least 50% of the mass of the biobased diol is obtained directly from a biological product. The phosphorus-containing monomer may be a phosphonic dichloride, dichlorophosphate, alkyl/aryl phosphonate, or other phosphorus-containing monomer known for flame retardancy.

Abstract: Providing a process for advantageously producing spherical particles of furfuryl alcohol resin using only furfuryl alcohol without using a harmful aldehyde as a starting material. In the process, furfuryl alcohol is subjected to a self-condensation reaction in the presence of an acid catalyst, whereby a fluidic condensation resin of furfuryl alcohol is obtained. The condensation resin of furfuryl alcohol is granulated and cured using water as a reaction medium in the presence of a dispersion stabilizer and an acid catalyst having a pKa of not more than 1.5, whereby spherical cured resin particles are formed.

Abstract: A new synthetic method to prepare high molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) with a very narrow molecular weight distribution (PDI<1.5) is described. The method involves a metal free initiator system, thus avoiding dangerous, flammable organometallic compounds.

Abstract: A polymeric polyphosphite and copolymeric polyphosphite is described which contains a cycloaliphatic moiety, preferably cyclohexane dimethanol, in the polyphosphite backbone chain.

Abstract: A polymeric polyphosphite and copolymeric polyphosphite is described which contains a cycloaliphatic moiety, preferably cyclohexane dimethanol, in the polyphosphite backbone chain. Incorporation of the polymeric polyphosphite into synthetic polymers reduces the yellowness index of any polymer into which the polymeric polyphosphite additive has been added, as well as increased hydrolytic stability as well as increased resistance to migration in food packaging.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyalkylenepolyamines by catalyzed alcohol amination, in which (i) aliphatic aminoalcohols are reacted with one another or (ii) aliphatic diamines or polyamines are reacted with aliphatic diols or polyols with the elimination of water in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: A polymeric polyphosphite and copolymeric polyphosphite is described which contains a cycloaliphatic moiety, preferably cyclohexane dimethanol, in the polyphosphite backbone chain.

Abstract: A compound comprising a backbone with a perfluoropolyether chain. The compound also has one or more cyclophosphazene rings attached to or incorporated into the backbone. The compound further includes at least two functional groups attached to the backbone, attached to the one or more cyclophosphazene rings, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is related to palladium complexes having substituted diarylideneacetone ligands and coupling and polymerization processes thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a curable cyclic phosphazene compound having a low dielectric constant, a low dielectric loss index and high thermal stability, and a method of preparing the same. The curable cyclic phosphozene polymer prepared using the compound has a low dielectric constant and excellent thermal properties, compared to conventional phosphozene polymers.

Abstract: There is provided a method for preparing a low-molecular weight poly(alkylene carbonate) of which the molecular weight and chain shape are precisely controlled, by introducing a phosphorous compound having a hydroxyl group as a chain transfer agent in order to regulate the molecular weight, in alternating copolymerizing an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide by using trivalent metal complex prepared from a Salen type ligand containing a quaternary ammonium salt, and a polymer prepared by the method. Since poly(alkylene carbonate) prepared according to the present invention includes a phosphate or phosphonate group in the polymer chain, it has flame-retarding property.

Abstract: The present invention provides a plastic hairclip features in enabling to open and close by plastic resilience intrinsically. The plastic hairclip comprises a mount retainer, a lever retainer with a pair of releasing tabs, a hinged pivotal root and a pair of open-able jaws, which functions to accommodate, hold and release a hair bundle by intrinsic plastic resilience thereof. The plastic hairclip is made of a polymerized plastic mixture by 55% of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM), 30% of ethylene glycol (EG), 10% of phosphotungstic acid (PTA), 1% of optical brightener and 4% of polypropylene (PP) or butadiene-styrene copolymers sold under the trademark, K-Resin with 5% tolerance for each individual component respectively. Thereby, the plastic hairclip product features in good malleability, re-plasticization ability and tenacity as well as good artistic effect in shining brightness and eco-friendly effect.

Abstract: The present invention provides modified metal surfaces, methods of preparing the same, and intermediates thereto. These materials are useful in a variety of applications including biomaterials.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyester using a catalyst, which catalyst enables producing a polyester excellent in color tone and transparency at a high reaction velocity; the catalyst; and a method for producing the catalyst, which catalyst comprises: (1) at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of metal elements of Group 4A of the Periodic Table, (2) at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of metal elements of Group 2A of the Periodic Table, aluminum, manganese, iron, cobalt, zinc, gallium and germanium, (a) when the total amount of metal atoms derived from metal element (1) is represented by t (mol/catalyst kg), and the total amount of metal atoms derived from metal element (2) is represented by m (mol/catalyst kg), the value of m/t is within 0.50?m/t?3.50.

Abstract: A phosphine-based polymer having Formula (I) is provided. The invention also provides a poly(lactic acid) material including poly(lactic acid) and the disclosed phosphine-based polymer, wherein the phosphine-based polymer has a weight ratio of 0.05-10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the poly(lactic acid).

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free flame retardant obtainable by polycondensation of phosphoric monomers with esterifying monomers. The phosphoric monomer is an adduct of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and ring-substituted DOPO derivatives to unsaturated carboxylic acids. Monovalent and polyvalent alcohols are used as esterifying monomers. The flame retardant has an average molecular weight of more than 20,000 and an average degree of polymerization Pn of at least 55, and is preferably used for the production of polyamide fibers and polyester fibers by melt spinning.

Abstract: A process for producing a phosphonitrilic acid ester. The process comprises using a specific compound as a catalyst to react phosphonitrile dichloride with at least one member selected among phenol compounds and/or alcohol compounds in the presence of a reaction solvent. Alternatively, the process comprises reacting a liquid reaction mixture obtained in a first stage with at least one member selected among phenol compounds and/or alcohol compounds without isolating phosphonitrile dichloride from the mixture.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a process for producing an ether (co)polymer in which molecular weight control is easy and post treatment of the reaction liquid after polymerization (solvent recovery, etc.) is easy; a chain transfer agent to be used in the production process; and an ether (co) polymer obtained according to the production process. The process for producing an ether (co) polymer of the invention is characterized in that an ether monomer is polymerized in a solvent, in the presence of a catalyst comprising a condensate of an organotin compound and an alkyl phosphate, and a chain transfer agent comprising, as the major ingredient thereof, an aliphatic polyalcohol of the following general formula (I), thereby producing an ether (co)polymer. Cx(OH)yHz. In the formula, X indicates an integer of from 2 to 8; Y indicates an integer of from 2 to (2X+2); Z indicates an integer of 2X+2?Y; and the hydroxyl groups are bonded at any positions.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin contains a polymer, and the polymer includes a divalent phosphate residue having a spiro ring, represented by formula (1), in a molecule and has a number average molecular weight of at least 2,000: wherein R1 is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having the carbon number of 1 to 20, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having the carbon number of 1 to 20, and a nitro group; p and q are integers satisfying p+q=0 to 16; X independently represents oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or an unshared electron pair; Y is independently selected from oxygen, sulfur, and a methylene group; and n and m are integers satisfying n+m=0 to 4.

Abstract: An ink-jet ink is provided. The ink-jet ink includes a compound of formula (1) to form a cured film with high-flame retardancy.

Abstract: Polymerization catalysts for polyesters include: (1) metal elements selected from metal elements of Group 4A of the Periodic Table; and (2) metal elements selected from metal elements of Group 2A of the Periodic Table, aluminum, manganese, iron, cobalt, zinc, gallium and germanium. The catalysts are in a liquid state with a turbidity of at most 20% in a light path length of 10 mm, and a ratio the total amount of metal atoms derived from the above metal element (2) to the total amount of metal atoms derived from the above metal element (1) is from 0.50 to 3.50.

Abstract: Disclosed are polyphosphazenes of Formula 1 showing a sol-gel behavior with a temperature change, a preparation method thereof, and injectable thermosensitive polyphosphazene hydrogels using the same

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the treatment of polyazole films, in which a film is passed at least twice through a trough filled with a liquid, with the film being unrolled from a spool and rolled up on a further spool and the direction of travel of the film is changed during the treatment by altering the direction of rotation of the spools.

Abstract: A process for preparing high molecular weight polymers or copolymers by Suzuki coupling. The catalyst used in the process comprises a source of palladium and a source of a phosphine characterized in that at least one substituent on the phosphine is an ortho substituted aryl group. The process is suitable for the preparation of polymers for use in electronic and optoelectronic applications.

Abstract: A phosphorus-containing compound represented by formula (I) and a preparation method thereof are provided. An addition reaction is performed for an organic cyclic phosphorus compound with an aryl aldehyde compound, and then a condensation reaction is performed with an aryl compound having active hydrogen in the use of an organic acid as a catalyst to obtain the proposed phosphorus-containing compound. This phosphorus-containing compound can be used as a hardener for resin, and improves flame retardant properties and thermal resistance for a flame retardant epoxy resin composition, thereby suitably applied to resin compositions used for manufacturing printed circuit boards and laminated circuit boards in electronic or electric products.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards phosphorous containing organic materials, processes for making them and uses thereof. These materials preferably impart and/or exhibit resistance to attack, for example they may be useful as flame retardant additives and/or materials. The materials are especially radiation-curable polyester polymers. The phosphorous component used has at least one P—C bond resistant to hydrolysis or transesterification. It can be bis(hydroxymethyl)isobutylphosphineoxide, bis(hydroxypropyl)isobutylphosphine oxide and trishydroxymethylphosphine oxide. In other embodiments, it is 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenantrene-10-oxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of preparing glycol carboxyethylmethylphosphinate, which comprises a) reacting elemental yellow phosphorus with methyl chloride in the presence of an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide to form a mixture which includes the alkali and/or alkaline earth metal salts of methylphosphonous, phosphorous and hypophosphorous acids as main constituents, b) esterifying the methylphosphonous acid from the mixture obtained by a), c) removing the methylphosphonous ester from the mixture, d) adding the thus obtained methylphosphonous ester to an acrylic ester, e) hydrolyzing the diester thus obtained, f) esterifying the resulting carboxyethylmethylphosphinic acid with ethylene glycol directly to the glycol carboxyethylmethylphosphinate. The invention also relates to the use of the glycol carboxyethylmethylphosphinates prepared according to the invention as reactive flame retardants for polymers.

Abstract: Biodegradable, flowable or flexible polymer compositions are described comprising a polymer having the recurring monomeric units shown in formula I: wherein: each of R and R′ is independently straight or branched alkylene, either unsubstituted or substituted with one or more non-interfering substituents; L is a divalent cycloaliphatic group; R″ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, heterocyclic or heterocycloxy; and n is 5 to 1,000, wherein said biodegradable polymer is biocompatible before and upon biodegradation. In one embodiment, one or more of R, R′ or R″ is a biologically active substance. Amorphous compositions containing a biologically active substance, in addition to the polymer, and methods for controllably releasing biologically active substances using the compositions, are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the preparation of polymeric phosphate flame retardants with a molecular weight of at least about 1500 and a softening temperature of at least about 10° C. comprising the steps of (a) reacting a phosphorus oxyhalide with a monohydroxyaromatic compound, (b) removing substantially all of any remaining phosphorus oxyhalide; (c) reacting the monoaryldichlorophosphate product with a dihydroxyaromatic compound and (d) reacting the product of step (c) with a monohydroxyaromatic compound. The solid polymeric flame retardant has a linear structure and less than 10 ppm halogen bound to phosphorus. Also disclosed are resinous compositions comprising the solid polymeric phosphate made by the method of the invention and at least one other polymeric resin.

Abstract: A polymer composition is provided including copolymer particles bearing phosphorus acid groups dispersed in an aqueous medium, wherein the polymer composition is substantially-free of water soluble phosphorus acid compounds. Also provided is a monomer composition containing at least one phosphorus acid monomer and a method of preparing the polymer composition from the monomer composition. The monomer composition is substantially-free of inorganic phosphorus acid compounds. A method is provided for applying the polymer composition to a substrate. The polymer composition is useful as a coating composition to prepare coatings for metal substrates, which have improved solvent resistance.

Abstract: Phosphorus-comprising polyol, oligomer derived from this phosphorus-comprising polyol, polymer derived from this oligomer, processes for their preparation and uses of these. The present invention relates to a phosphorus-comprising polyol. The invention also relates to an oligomer derived from this phosphorus-comprising polyol and to the composition comprising this oligomer. The invention also relates to a polymer derived from this oligomer. The invention also relates to processes for the preparation of this phosphorus-comprising polyol, of this oligomer, of this polymer and of this composition. The invention also relates to the uses of this phosphorus-comprising polyol, of this oligomer, of this polymer and of this composition. The composition can be cross-linked by irradiation and exhibits flame-retardant properties.

Abstract: Biodegradable terephthalate polymers are described comprising the recurring monomeric units shown in formula I: wherein R is a divalent organic moiety; R′ is an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic residue; x is ≧1; and n is 0-5,000, wherein the biodegradable polymer is biocompatible before and upon biodegradation. Processes for preparing the polymers, compositions containing the polymers and biologically active substances, articles useful for implantation or injection into the body fabricated from the compositions, and methods for controllably releasing biologically active substances using the polymers, are also described.

Abstract: Products of the reaction between I) the reaction product of reactants comprising A) a linking agent of formula I R4(Y)3  (I)  wherein each Y group is a halogen atom or one Y group is a halogen atom and two Y groups represent an oxygen atom, which is attached to two adjacent carbon atoms in the R4 group to form an epoxy group, and R4 is an alkanetriyl group containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms; and B) a compound formula II R3(EO)n(PO)m(BO)pX  (II)  wherein R3 is a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or araliphatic oxy or thio group having from 1 to 36 carbon atoms or a secondary amino group having from 2 to 36 carbon atoms; n is a number of from 0 to 50; m is a number of from 0 to 50; p is a number of from 0 to 50; and X is hydrogen, or X can be a mercapto group or an amino group in place of a terminal —OH group, provided that when X is mercapto or amino; the sum of n, m, and p must be at least 1; and the mole ratio of A:B is from about 0

Abstract: Polymers comprising the subunit 1

Abstract: The invention provides an improved process for the synthesis of compounds carrying at least one phosphate group, especially polyalkylene glycol phosphate compounds, said process comprising the steps of: (a) reacting a compound containing at least one primary alcohol moiety with a diaryl- or diaralkyl-halophosphate whereby to form the corresponding diaryl- or diaralkyl-phosphate ester; (b) reductively cleaving the resulting product; and (c) if desired, repeating steps (a) and (b) with the product of step (b) whereby to produce a compound carrying two or more phosphate groups. Advantages of the process in accordance with the invention are that this avoids the production of by-products and results in products which are low in impurities. Also provided are novel diaryl- and diaralkyl-phosphate ester compounds, in particular polyethylene glycol diphenylphosphate ester and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: Biodegradable, flowable or flexible polymer compositions are described comprising a polymer having the recurring monomeric units shown in formula I: wherein: each of R and R′ is independently straight or branched alkylene, either unsubstituted or substituted with one or more non-interfering substituents; L is a divalent cycloaliphatic group; R″ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, heterocyclic or heterocycloxy; and n is 5 to 1,000, wherein said biodegradable polymer is biocompatible before and upon biodegradation. In one embodiment, one or more of R, R′ or R″ is a biologically active substance. Amorphous compositions containing a biologically active substance, in addition to the polymer, and methods for controllably releasing biologically active substances using the compositions, are also described.

Abstract: Biodegradable polymers are described comprising the recurring monomeric units shown in formula I or II: wherein X is —O— or —NR′—, where R′ is H or alkyl; L is a branched or straight chain aliphatic group having from 1-20 carbon atoms; M1 and M2 are each independently (1) a branched or straight chain aliphatic group having from 1-20 carbon atoms; or (2) a branched or straight chain, oxy-, carboxy- or amino-aliphatic group having from 1-20 carbon atoms; Y is —O—, —S— or —NR′—, where R′ is H or alkyl; R is H, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, heterocyclic or heterocycloxy; the molar ratio of x:y is about 1; the molar ratio n:(x or y) is between about 200:1 and 1:200; and the molar ratio q:r is between about 1:99 and 99:1; wherein said biodegradable polymer is biocompatible before and upon biodegradat.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved processes for purifying polymer preparations by removing contaminants, such as metal contaminants. The present invention also provides improved processes for producing phosphopolymers, which can yield improved polymers in terms of molecular weight, homogeneity, consistency and purity. Polymers and polymer preparations also are provided. The present invention is time, labor and energy efficient, and thus marks an improvement over past approaches.

Abstract: Biodegradable polymers are described comprising the recurring monomeric units shown in formula I or II: wherein X is --O-- or --NR'--, where R' is H or alkyl; L is a branched or straight chain aliphatic group having from 1-20 carbon atoms; M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 are each independently (1) a branched or straight chain aliphatic group having from 1-20 carbon atoms; or (2) a branched or straight chain, oxy-, carboxy- or amino-aliphatic group having from 1-20 carbon atoms; Y is --O--, --S-- or --NR'--, where R' is H or alkyl; R is H, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, heterocyclic or heterocycloxy; the molar ratio of x:y is about 1; the molar ratio n:(x or y) is between about 200:1 and 1:200; and the molar ratio q:r is between about 1:99 and 99:1; wherein said biodegradable polymer is biocompatible before and upon biodegradat.

Abstract: A polymer composition including phosphorus substituents which comprises:(a) a phosphono-substituted carboxylic acid or an ester of such acid; and(b) a mono- or polyfunctional entity polymerizable with (a).Substances suitable for use as (a) are aliphatic or aromatic phosphono substituted dicarboxylic acids or esters thereof.Substances suitable for use as (b) are polyhydric alcohols, aliphatic mononuclear or polynuclear aromatic polycarboxylic acids or esters or anhydrides thereof. Also suitable for use as (b) are aliphatic or aromatic polyamines and aliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanates or polyepoxides.

Abstract: Halogen-free, oligomeric or polymeric, alkylene-bridged alkyl phosphonates having the general formula ##STR1## where n is a whole number of from 1 to 20;R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl;R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are each C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkyl andR.sup.3 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkyl.The use of such phosphonates as, or in connection with, a flame-retardant (e.g. for polyurethane foams, resins and composites, epoxy resins, phenolic resins, paints, varnishes or textiles).

Abstract: A process for making a phosphoester polymer comprising the recurring monomeric units of formula I: ##STR1## wherein: X is --O-- or --NR"--, where R" is H or alkyl;L is a divalent organic moiety;R' is H, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, heterocyclic, or heterocycloxy; andn is between about 25 to 2,000,is described. The process comprises the steps of:(a) polymerizing in the presence of a solvent p moles of a di-XH compound having formula II:H--X--L--X--H IIwherein X and L are as defined above, with q moles, where p.apprxeq.q, of a phosphorodihalo compound to form a polymer of formula I, wherein n is about 12 to 1000, having a first molecular weight Mw.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a storage-stable, phosphorus-modified epoxy resin having an epoxide value of 0.05 to 0.6 mol/100 g and comprising 5 to 25% by weight of an ester-anhydride formed from a phosphonic acid diester, phosphinic acid ester or mixture of these esters and phosphorus pentoxide, and to a process for its preparation by reaction of 95 to 75 parts by weight of an epoxy resin (A) having an epoxide value of 0.1 to 0.8 mol/100 g and 5 to 25 parts by weight of the ester-anhydride in the presence or absence of a solvent at -20 to 150.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flame-resistant epoxy resin mixture comprising epoxy resins, phosphorus-containing compounds and a curing agent, wherein the epoxy resin mixture comprises phosphorus-containing structural units of the formula I ##STR1## in which R1 is an alkyl or aryl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R2 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R is an alkylene, cycloalkylene or arylene group having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to a phosphorus-modified epoxy resin having an epoxide value of from 0 to 1.0 mol/100 g, comprising structural units derived from(A) polyepoxide compounds having at least two epoxide groups per molecule and(B) diphosphinic acids,to a process for their preparation and to their use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to phosphorus-modified epoxy resins of the formulae (I) and/or (II) ##STR1## The invention furthermore relates to a process for the preparation of these phosphorus-modified epoxy resins and to their use for the production of shaped articles, coatings or laminates.

Abstract: The invention relates to an organic phosphorus compound-containing which comprises an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) produced by polymerizing free-radically polymerizable monomers comprising at least an allyl group-containing monomer and an epoxy resin.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel oligomeric compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which L is a group of the formula ##STR2## where the oxygen in the group L is in each case bonded to the phosphorus in the recurring structural units and the radical R.sub.2 or the carbon in the 4-position of the piperidinyl ring in the group L is in each case bonded to the oxygen in the recurring structural units; and the general symbols are as defined in claim 1, as stabilizers for organic materials against oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation.

Abstract: A method for the alkylsulfonation of polymeric and cyclic trimer phosphazenes that includes reacting the phosphazene with a sultone. This method can be used to prepare sulfonated phosphazenes that are useful as biomedical materials, membranes, reversibly cross-linkable polymers, surfactants, and polyelectrolytes.