Abstract: The invention is directed to making inorganic materials consisting of a metal and a group 16 element in the stoichiometric ratio of 2:3 from single source precursors having the same 2:3 metal to heteroatom stoichiometric ratio.In particular, the invention discloses a process for making aluminum oxide from single source precursors that have an aluminum to oxygen ratio of 2:3. The precursors are organoaluminum tetrametallic compounds containing organooxy bridging groups and organo terminal groups. As these compounds tend to be viscous liquids or oils, they can be applied to a substrate surface then pyrolyzed to eliminate the organic ligands and produce aluminum oxide in situ, without using gas phase deposition techniques.

Abstract: An at least semiconductive polymer film is provided by infiltrating novel rigid-rod heterocyclic polymer film containing a 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-diyl moiety, with a conductive metal salt. These polymers have repeating units of the formula ##STR1## wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## wherein Q is --H or --C.sub.6 H.sub.5. Alternatively, the metal salt in the semiconductive polymer film can be reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a thermoplastic elastomer comprising preparing a blend of a rubber and a thermoplastic resin, in which the rubber is at least partially vulcanized by using a phenolic curative. The invention is that, to overcome problems with surface quality, an effective amount of a Lewis base is added after the desired degree of vulcanization of the rubber is obtained.The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of an UV-stable thermoplastic elastomer.

Abstract: A process for degrading thermoplastic polyolefins, in particular high or medium density polyethylenes, uses as a catalyst a mineral solid containing copper or a mineral solid containing aluminium and silicon and with an acid nature, at a temperature of 200.degree. C. to 450.degree. C., degradation being accompanied by incorporation of the degradation products into a heavy hydrocarbon such as a bitumen base.Incorporating degraded thermoplastic polyolefins, in particular degraded high or medium density polyethylenes, into heavy hydrocarbons can produce compositions with industrial and road applications.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of powder compositions, containing organosilicon compounds and redispersible in water, by spray drying of an aqueous mixture containing one or a plurality of organosilicon compounds and one or a plurality of water-soluble organopolymers in the presence of antiblocking agents. The invention is characterized in that a portion of the antiblocking agent is conveyed to the dried powder stream, as long as it is still suspended in the stream of gas, or the remainder of the antiblocking agent is added to the dried powder.

Abstract: An adhesive, which contains olefinic polymers and less than 1% by weight of free monomers, is manufactured via catalytic hydrogenation. It is preferably used in the area of cosmetics, in the foods sector, in medicinal plasters and transdermal systems.

Abstract: A process for substantially stabilizing the color of a fluid which comprises an olefin is disclosed. The process comprises contacting the fluid with a composition, which comprises aluminum, zirconium and a borate, under a condition effective to stabilize the color of the fluid.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymeric composite material in which metal sulfide microparticles having optical characteristics are uniformly dispersed and suspended in a high polymer material at high concentration. The polymeric composite material comprises metal sulfide microparticles formed by a reaction of a functional group in a matrix forming material having the functional group, the metal sulfide microparticles being dispersed in a matrix. It is desirable that the matrix includes a compound having the structure represented by formulae (1) to (5).

Abstract: A process has been developed to substantially reduce the residual monomer resulting at the end of the emulsion polymerization reaction. The process consists in submitting the latex to a redox process after the polymerization reaction. The recommended environment consists of vinyl monomers and/or conjugated dienes homo or copolymer that has a residual monomer content not in excess of 100,000 ppm at the end of the reaction. After the chemical depletion, residual monomer contents of 50 to 1000 ppm are achieved in a process that lasts from 0.5 to 5 hours at most.

Abstract: A method for the production of an absorbent resin having a very small residual monomer content either by adding to an absorbent resin powder a substance capable of reacting with the residual monomer in the absorbent resin powder thereby forming an absorbent resin composition having a water content in the range of 10 to 70% by weight and heat-treating the absorbent resin composition at a temperature in the range of 100.degree. to 200 .degree. C. while retaining the water content of the absorbent resin or by adding to an absorbent resin powder a substance capable of reacting with the residual monomer in the absorbent resin powder thereby forming an absorbent resin composition having a water content in the range of 25 to 55% by weight, heat-treating the absorbent resin composition at a temperature in the range of 120.degree. to 200 .degree. C.

Abstract: A process for activating double metal cyanide catalysts is disclosed. A polyol starter or starter/catalyst mixture is heated under vacuum under conditions effective to achieve improved stripping compared with that which can be achieved through conventional vacuum stripping. Coupling vacuum stripping with inert gas sparging or stripping in the presence of an organic solvent gives a starter/catalyst mixture that activates rapidly in an epoxide polymerization process. Rapid activation makes process start-ups reliable and reduces cycle time. The process gives polyols with lower viscosity, lower polydispersity, and lower unsaturation for better polyurethanes.

Abstract: A process is described for removing heteropoly compounds from heteropoly compound-contaminated polyethers, polyesters and/or polyether esters, which comprises admixing the polymer or a solution of the same with a compound which contains at least one heteroatom which is selected from the group consisting of central atoms of heteropolyacids, is non-protic and is of a polarity so low that its addition leads to the heteropoly compounds separating out in a separate phase, and separating off the precipitated heteropoly compound phase. The remaining polymer phase is preferably further purified using a solid adsorbent.

Abstract: The color of hydrocarbon resins having carbon-carbon double bonds and containing color bodies is lightened by a hydrotreating process consisting essentially of contacting the resin with hydrogen at a hydrogen pressure of 1 to about 20 bar (14.5 to about 290 psi) in the presence of a catalyst that promotes the hydrogenation of the color bodies without substantially changing the softening point or the content of carbon-carbon double bonds in the resin. The preferred catalyst is nickel/zinc oxide on SiO.sub.2.

Abstract: In the production of polyethylene naphthalate of the present invention, the esterification reaction between naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol is conducted while causing water to be present in a reaction system from a start of reaction, in the presence of at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of nitric, carboxylic, phosphoric and hydrogenphosphoric acid metal salts and alkyl amines according to necessity, to thereby attain an esterification ratio of 45 to 80%, so that a liquid mixture of naphthalenedicarboxylic acid esterification reaction products containing naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, carboxyl-hydroxyethoxycarbonylnaphthalene and bis(hydroxyethoxycarbonyl)naphthalene is obtained. Subsequently, a crystallized reaction product is separated from this liquid mixture to thereby obtain a mixture of esterification reaction products. Thereafter, this mixture having ethylene glycol added thereto according to necessity is subjected to polycondensation.

Abstract: Processes for the isolation of a telechelic isobutylene polymer in a non-aqueous system to prevent the generation of waste water having a solvent dissolved therein and processes for the preparation of a telechelic isobutylene polymer having more advantageous unsaturated groups. A process for the isolation of an isobutylene polymer includes a cationic polymerization reaction in a non-aqueous system in the presence of a catalyst MX.sub.n wherein M represents a metallic atom and X may be the same or different and represents a halogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group. The process comprises conducting the cationic polymerization reaction, conducting a ligand exchange reaction of said catalyst, and then removing a component containing M.

Abstract: A poly(arylamine) composition comprising one or more compounds of Formula (I): ##STR1## wherein: R is independently in each occurrence a C.sub.1-24 hydrocarbyl, C.sub.1-24 hydrocarboxy, C.sub.1-24 hydrocarbylthiooxy, or C.sub.1-24 hydrocarbylcarboxyl;Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are independently in each occurrence a C.sub.6-18 aryl moiety optionally substituted with a C.sub.1-12 hydrocarbyl, C.sub.1-12 hydrocarbyloxy, C.sub.1-12 hydrocarbylthiooxy, or C.sub.1-12 hydrocarbylcarboxyl;A is independently in each occurrence hydrogen or a halogen;x is independently in each occurrence a positive number from 0 to 1;n is independently in each occurrence a whole number of from 0 to 4; andm is a number of from about 5 to about 1000.

Abstract: An saturated nitrile-conjugated diene copolymer obtained by copolymerizing acrylonitrile with butadiene in the presence of a free radical initiator and an alkylthiol compound as a molecular weight modifier. A part of the monomers is incorporated in a monomer charge before polymerization, and the remainder thereof is added in a polymerization mixture during polymerization. The alkylthiol compound has 12 to 16 carbon atoms, which include at least three tertiary carbon atoms, and further has a sulfur atom directly bound to at least one of the tertiary carbon atoms. The copolymer has a Mooney viscosity of 15 to 450 and a bound nitrile content of 10 to 60% by weight. The breadth (.DELTA.AN) of compositional distribution of the unsaturated nitrile in the copolymer is 3 to 20. The copolymer is used in combination with a sulfur-containing vulcanizer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for depolymerizing polyesters by subjecting the polyesters to catalysts and organic solvents which are substantially free of oxygen and water in order to produce macrocyclic polyester oligomers substantially free of hydroxybutyl terminated linear impurities.

Abstract: Polycarbonate compositions are redistributed by melt equilibration using diethyldimethylammonium hydroxide as the redistribution catalyst. This catalyst affords an odorless polycarbonate product having a very low residual amine level.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel reaction products of azlactones and organometallic nucleophiles and the method of making these reaction products. The invention also relates to methods of using such reaction products to prevent or eliminate microbial and fungal growth on substrates. Reaction products can be provided that show improved antifouling and antimicrobial action.

Abstract: There is provided an aromatic polycarbonate obtained by reacting a carbonate precursor substance with a dihydric phenol comprising mainly 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenol)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane having specific characteristics. This aromatic polycarbonate has the following characteristics. That is, with respect to 5 wt % solution of the aromatic polycarbonate in methylene chloride, after being filtered through a filter having a pore diameter of 0.1 .mu.m, the light transmittance at 400 nm measured by using a quartz cell having an optical path length of 250 mm, is 85% or more in terms of light transmittance per cm of the polymer; and when 0.7 g of the aromatic polycarbonate is dissolved in 100 ml of methylene chloride, the specific viscosity of the thus obtained solution measured at 20.degree. C., is in the range of 0.160 to 0.418.

Abstract: Polycarbonate compositions are redistributed by melt equilibration using as the redistribution catalyst a tetraorganophosphonium hydroxide, preferably a tetra-(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)phosphonium hydroxide. Such catalysts have numerous advantages including greater redistribution efficiency, decreased color in the redistributed product and the capability of employment in the anhydrous state.

Abstract: Oxide thin films are deposited onto functionalized self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) which are bonded to various surfaces. The resulting oxide thin films have ordered, uniform densely packed crystalline structures.

Abstract: An integrated process for the manufacture of lactide from a solution of lactic acid in de-ionized water comprising the sequential steps:A. Dehydrating the aqueous lactic acid in at least two stages to effect condensation polymerization of the lactic acid and the formation of oligomers in which the average number of monomer units is 8-25, the dehydration stages being conducted in equipment fabricated from low ferrous materials;B. Thermally cracking the oligomers in the presence of depolymerization catalyst to form lactide vapor of which the average residence time within the cracking zone is less than 15 seconds;C. Condensing the lactide vapor and fractionally distilling the condensate to remove concentrated lactide as a liquid sidestream; andD. Subjecting the concentrated lactide sidestream to melt crystallization to separate purified lactide having an Acidity Potential less than 6.

Abstract: There is provided an aromatic polycarbonate obtained by reacting a carbonate precursor substance with a dihydric phenol comprising mainly 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenol)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane having specific characteristics. This aromatic polycarbonate has the following characteristics. That is, with respect to 5 wt % solution of the aromatic polycarbonate in methylene chloride, after being filtered through a filter having a pore diameter of 0.1 .mu.m, the light transmittance at 400 nm measured by using a quartz cell having an optical path length of 250 mm, is 85% or more in terms of light transmittance per cm of the polymer; and when 0.7 g of the aromatic polycarbonate is dissolved in 100 ml of methylene chloride, the specific viscosity of the thus obtained solution measured at 20.degree. C., is in the range of 0.160 to 0.418.

Abstract: The invention of this patent application relates to carboxylic acid polymer compositions and in particular relates to concentrates of polymers which are subsequently used to prepare gels formed of diluted and neutralised polymer. Said polymers are currently supplied in a powder form. The polymers prepared by the addition of multivalent cations provide a concentrate which is the invention of this application and can be provided in either an aqueous form or granular or pelletised form which serves to eliminate existing problems in the powder form relating to the dispersion of the powder in water, the development of electrostatic charges in the said powder and the dusting of the powder. The concentrate of the invention provides a polymer for subsequent dilution and neutralisation for use as a gel wherein the conversion from one state to another is greatly improved.

Abstract: The color of hydrocarbon resins having carbon-carbon double bonds and containing color bodies is lightened by a hydrotreating process comprising contacting a resin having a weight average molecular weight Mw of 250-10,000 with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst that promotes the hydrogenation of the color bodies without substantially changing the content of carbon-carbon double bonds in the resin. The preferred catalysts are copper chromite and copper/zinc.

Abstract: Polymers, which have polyurethane and/or polyurea groups and contain finely divided fillers, are synthesized by reacting compounds, which contain at least two hydroxyl and/or amino groups, with at least difunctional isocyanates, optionally in the presence of catalysts, and mixing with suitable fillers. The compounds, containing hydroxyl and/or amino groups, and the isocyanates, are separately mixed intimately with finely divided solids so that flowable powders are obtained. The powders obtained are mixed in a stoichiometrically required amount, and the powder mixture is subjected to the action of shear forces at, if necessary, a higher temperature. The mixture of solids obtained has a shelf life of several days or weeks without reaction between the reactive compounds contained therein.

Abstract: A process for the redistribution of an organic polycarbonate composition. The process involves melt equilibrating a starting polycarbonate composition (which may be a single polycarbonate or a mixture of polycarbonates, and may be or include recycled polycarbonate) having an initial weight average molecular weight in the presence of a carbonate redistribution catalyst and in the absence of branching agents, under conditions such that a redistributed polycarbonate composition is formed having a weight average molecular weight different from, and typically lower than, the initial weight.

Abstract: A preparation process of aliphatic polyester having a weight average molecular weight of 15,000 or more by conducting a direct polycondensation reaction of an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol or a mixed aliphatic polyhydric alcohol and an aliphatic polybasic acid or a mixed aliphatic polybasic acid, or additionally a hydroxycarboxylic acid or a mixed hydroxycarboxylic acid or an oligomer of the hydroxycarboxylic acid in a reaction mixture containing an organic solvent.The aliphatic polyester thus obtained contains an extremely small amount of impurities, has low color and can exhibit satisfactory strength in the form of films, filaments and other shaped articles.

Abstract: Iron and titanium oxide thin films are deposited onto functionalized self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) which are bonded to silicon or glass substrates. The resulting oxide thin films have ordered, uniform densely packed crystalline structures.

Abstract: Poly(arylene sulfide/sulfone) polymers are treated in order to increase melt stability and decrease impurities by contacting the poly(arylene sulfide/sulfone) polymer with a soluble zinc compound and an acidic solution. In one embodiment, the polymer is treated first with the soluble zinc compound, followed by treatment with the acidic solution. In another embodiment, the polymer is treated in one step with a solution comprising a water soluble zinc compound in an acidic solution.

Abstract: A method of production of polyvinyl chloride resin for paste processing comprises recovering in 98% or more the polyvinyl chloride resin from an aqueous dispersion of the polyvinyl chloride resin for paste processing as aggregates by adding an organic fluid which is at most barely soluble in water and does not dissolve or swell the polyvinyl chloride resin to the aqueous dispersion in the presence of an aggregating agent, followed by separating the aggregated polyvinyl chloride resin particles from the aqueous phase of the aqueous dispersion. By the addition of the aggregating agent, dispersion of the resin particles into a medium is improved, fluidity of a sol thereof and the physical properties of molded articles formed therefrom are improved and blocking during the drying process is prevented.

Abstract: Process for the recovery of polymers by dissolving in an aqueous alkaline or acid medium and precipitating in a strong, turbulent, aqueous flow with subsequent ripening of the precipitated particles in a laminar flow.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a polyethylene naphthalate possessed with high viscosity, characterized by sloving of various problems of the prior art by controlling the rate of the polycondensation reaction.Particularly, the present invention provides a process for preparing polyethylene naphthalate from an esterification reaction product of naphtalene dicarboxylic acid or an alkyl ester thereof and a diol, which comprises polycondensing the esterification reaction product in the presence of a polycondensation catalyst in two steps wherein the first step is carried out at a pressure ranging from 500 to 30 torr and the second step is carried out at a pressure ranging from 10 to 0.1 torr with controlling the reaction rate such that the differential increase of the intrinsic viscosity of the resultant polymer can satisfy the following equations:IV(t.sub.1)-IV(t.sub.0)<0.4 dl/g (1)IV(t.sub.2)-IV(t.sub.0)>0.3 dl/g (2)wherein: IV(t.sub.

Abstract: A process for preparing a resin having a low iodine value, comprising treating a resin having a residual unsaturated bond with a cationic polymerization catalyst. According to the process, a resin in which residual unsaturated bonds are decreased can be prepared, and the obtained resin having a low iodine value can be suitably used as raw materials for flame retarders, adhesives and the like.

Abstract: A polyoxymethylene copolymer excellent in stability and mechanical properties which is comprised of oxymethylene units and oxyalkylene units and has a molecular weight of 10,000 to 200,000. The proportion of oxyalkylene units to oxymethylene units is 0.07 to 0.5% by mole and the ratio of the absorbance of terminal formate groups to that of methylene groups determined by infrared spectrophotometry is not more than 0.025. A process for producing the copolymer is also disclosed.

Abstract: Alumina-based adsorbents containing at least one compound of an alkali or alkaline earth metal, wherein the alkali or alkaline earth metal values are present in an amount ranging from 15 mmole to 100 mmole per 100 g of alumina, are useful for the adsorptive purification of polyolefins prepared by the polymerization of olefins in the presence of a metallic coordination catalyst, to remove contaminating catalyst metal values therefrom with but negligible monomer/solvent isomerization.

Abstract: A process is provided comprising the steps of contacting a Group VIII metal hydrogenation catalyst residue containing polymer solution with water and a trialkyl aluminum, separating the residue from the solution and recovering a polymer solution preferably comprising less than 5 ppm by weight, based on the solution, of the hydrogenation catalyst residue metal.

Abstract: A selective procedure is described for the removal of catalytic residues based on AlCl.sub.3 or its complex compounds deriving from the (co) polymerization of olefinic and diolefinic cuts, allowing the production of almost colourless hydrocarbon resins. This procedure involves putting the polymerized mass in contact with organometallic compounds, treating the resulting mixture with water or aqueous solutions, either acidic or basic, and separating the organic phase, which at this point is without inorganic residues.

Abstract: A process for the precipitation of aqueous plastics dispersions containing polyvinyl alcohol, preferably from waste waters, and separation of the polymeric solids content, which comprises adding the following to the dispersion in order, with thorough mixing:a) a boric acid component,b) a basic compound for making the pH alkaline, thenc) an iron salt andd) a cationic polymeric polyelectrolyte, and isolating the precipitate which forms in the alkaline medium. The process according to the invention is advantageously applicable in all relevant sectors of technology and waste water treatment in which polymer dispersions containing polyvinyl alcohol are used or have to be disposed of, and where waste waters in which dispersions containing polyvinyl alcohol are present have to be processed. Degrees of clarification of more than 95% can be achieved.

Abstract: The nuisance metal-corrosive property is effectively lowered by mixing an heating polyarylene sulfide resins with (i) zinc carbonate; (ii) zinc carbonate and an alkaline earth metal chloride; (iii) zinc oxide and/or hydroxide; or (iv) zinc oxide and/or hydroxide, and an alkaline earth metal chloride in the presence of a good solvent for the resins.

Abstract: Poly(arylene sulfide/sulfone) polymers are treated in order to increase melt stability and decrease impurities by contacting the poly(arylene sulfide/sulfone) polymer with a soluble zinc compound and an acidic solution. In one embodiment, the polymer is treated first with the soluble zinc compound, followed by treatment with the acidic solution. In another embodiment, the polymer is treated in one step with a solution comprising a water soluble zinc compound in an acidic solution.

Abstract: Catalyst residue (e.g., trace Group VIII metal) is removed from a polyketone solution, and from the polyketone resin itself, by passing the solution through a column comprising a metal oxide (e.g., silica gel) which is effective in removing the residue therefrom or by mixing the polyketone solution with particulate metal oxide.

Abstract: An absorbent resin is produced by a method which comprises adding to 100 parts by weight of an absorbent resin powder an aqueous liquid containing 7 to 100 parts by weight of water and a reducing substance in the presence of 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of at least one additive selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble fine powders and surfactants. The absorbent resin thus produced excels in absorption properties and exhibits a low residual monomer content.

Abstract: The viscosity of copolymers of a) ethylene, b) C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 acrylates, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 methacrylates, or vinyl esters of C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 carboxylic acids, and c) at least one alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid of 3-12 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, and monoesters of dicarboxylic acids is increased, while maintaining gel content at a level of less than 3%, by treatment with a mixture of an organic peroxide and a chromium (III) salt.

Abstract: The use of aluminum sulfate to neutralize alkaline solutions yields a gelatinous precipitate. When neutralization of the solution causes other materials to precipitate along with the gel, filtration of the precipitated materials is very difficult because of the gel. When the combination of magnesium sulfate and aluminum sulfate is used as the neutralizing agent for an alkaline stripper solution of a photoresin, the voluminous sludge may be filtered quickly.

Abstract: A method is described for removing catalyst residues comprising AlCl.sub.3 and/or its complexes from polymer products deriving from the (co)polymerization of olefinic cuts, the method comprising bringing the polymerized mass into contact with organometallic compounds, treating the resultant mixture with water or with aqueous acid or basic solutions, and separating the organic phase, which is substantially free of inorganic residues.

Abstract: Epoxy-modified hydrocarbon resins of this invention are prepared by copolymerizing hydrocarbon olefins mainly consisting of aromatic olefins such as indene, styrene, and coumarone with phenols and epoxidizing the copolymers with epichlorohydrin and are useful as modifiers and base polymers for coatings, adhesives, rubbers, and IC encapsulants and also as raw materials for the compatibilizers for incompatible polymer systems because of their capability of undergoing crosslinking or grafting reactions with polymers having functional groups or chemical compositions reactive with the epoxy groups.

Abstract: A method of modifying a synthetic resin comprises treating a solution or dispersion of the synthetic resin containing water-soluble electrolytes as impurities is treated with basic or acidic, water-insoluble fine particles which have been purified and classified, whereby cations having origin in the electrolytes are fixed in the acidic fine particles or anions having origin in the electrolytes are fixed in the basic fine particles. Synthetic resins modified in accordance with the modification method are produced.