Abstract: A reaction between epoxy-terminated polyamide and an acid anhydride compound can yield a modified polyamide resin, into resin skeleton of which carboxy groups to react with epoxy resin are introduced. An adhesive agent having excellent heat-resistance can be provided by the use of a composition of this modified polyamide resin and epoxy resin. Furthermore, an adhesive tape for a semiconductor device having excellent properties can be produced by laminating the adhesive agent and the protective layer on one surface of an organic insulated film.

Abstract: A high molecular weight polyester-amide block copolymer is produced by reacting a mixture of lower molecular weight polyester and polyamide in the melt with a carbonyl bislactam, especially carbonyl biscaprolactam. The higher molecular weight block copolymer may be obtained in as short a time as 2 minutes, whereas, at least about 10 minutes is required in a conventional process, under comparable conditions, using a bislactam.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a process for the solid phase synthesis of aldehyde, ketone, oxime, amine, hydroxamic acid and &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated carboxylic acid and aldehyde compounds and to polymeric hydroxylamine resin compounds useful therefor.

Abstract: Superabsorbent fiber and film compositions comprising partially acidified, hydrolyzed, internally plasticized, crosslinked, superabsorbing fibers or film derived from polysuccinimide and processes for preparing same.

Abstract: A polyaspartic acid is obtained from an amino acid having aspartic acid as an essential component thereof without entailing formation of a bulk substance. A method for the production of polyaspartic acid is described which includes heating an amino acid having aspartic acid as an essential component thereof in the presence of water. A novel polyaspartic acid obtained by this method of production is described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for using nitric acid to oxidize polyarylene sulfide to polyarylene sulfoxide, oxidizing at least 98% of the sulfide groups of the polyarylene sulfide to sulfoxide groups. According to the invention polyarylene sulfide is treated with nitric acid at a concentration of from 60 to 80% with heating. The polyarylene sulfoxide prepared by the novel process can be used as an excellent chemical blowing agent for foaming thermoplastics.

Abstract: A melt processible Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) polymer with novel end-group structure is synthesized electrophilically using Methane Sulfonic Acid containing Methane Sulfonic Anhydride or Phosphorous Pentoxide. The product so obtained shows controlled structure with elimination of reactive end group like —COOH and is therefore melt processible by conventional techniques and exhibits high thermal and mechanical properties making it useful high temperature engineering and specialty plastics. It can be extruded into a rod, film and can also be molded into commercially useful products.

Abstract: A method for the production of polyasparagine is provided wherein the polyasparagine is prepared by ammonolysis of polysuccinimide in liquid ammonia, acting both as a solvent and as a reactant, wherein the polysuccinimide can be any polysuccinimide, such as linear, branched or cross-linked, wherein the polyasparagine produced has high %N content and is neutral as opposed to anionic or cationic.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved processes for purifying polymer preparations by removing contaminants, such as metal contaminants. The present invention also provides improved processes for producing phosphopolymers, which can yield improved polymers in terms of molecular weight, homogeneity, consistency and purity. Polymers and polymer preparations also are provided. The present invention is time, labor and energy efficient, and thus marks an improvement over past approaches.

Abstract: A thermoplastic, elastomeric block copolymer comprises at least one poly(butadiene) and at least one pair of poly(lactone) blocks flanking the poly(butadiene) block. Each poly(lactone) block is derived from a lactone having between 8 and 18 carbon atoms in the lactone ring, such as &lgr;-laurolactone and 10-hydroxyl decanoic acid lactone. Alternative methods of making these block polymers are also disclosed. In the first procedure diethyl zinc reacts with the hydroxyl end group of a butadiene polymer to form an intermediate zinc alkoxide-tipped polybutadiene which functions as the active initiating species. The laurolactone polymer then grows off the hydroxyl end groups of the butadiene to form the desired ABA block copolymer. In another related procedure for making ABA block polymers, previously prepared difunctional hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene blocks are linked with monofunctional poly(&lgr;-laurolactone) blocks using a diisocyanate and a catalyst.

Abstract: Unsubstituted oxepane-diones useful as monomers for the production of polymers, process for the synthesis thereof by oxidation of unsubstituted cyclohexanediones, process for the preparation of polyesterketone polymers by polymerization of cyclic esterketones and polyesterketone polymers so obtained.

Abstract: A process for increasing the relative viscosity (RV) of a reactant polyamide and to products produced by the process. The process includes contacting the reactant polyamide and a chain extender compound, forming the product, and quenching the product when its RV is near its maximum calculated RV value.

Abstract: Polyamides including functional groups and methods of preparing such polyamides. The polyamides are useful, for example, to prepare filaments.

Abstract: A primary object of the invention is to provide a production technology for functional polyamic acid microfine particles and functional polyimide microfine particles by which the particle shape, size and size distribution can be freely controlled. The invention is concerned with a process for synthesizing polyamic acid particles having functional groups at least on the surface from a tetracarboxylic anhydride and a diamine compound characterized by its comprising (a) a first step which comprises providing a tetracarboxylic anhydride and a diamine compound at least one of which has functional groups and preparing a first solution containing the tetracarboxylic anhydride and a second solution containing the diamine compound and (b) a second step which comprises mixing the first and second solutions under ultrasonic agitation to thereby precipitate polyamic acid microfine particles from the mixed solution.

Abstract: An invention is disclosed which pertains to components for gel coat compositions, a process for making such gel coat compositions, and a process for making gel coated articles. Low molecular weight unsaturated polymers which incorporate multiple pendent and/or terminal acrylic or methacrylic vinyl groups are made by the addition polymerization of acrylate/methacrylate monomers with epoxy acrylates such as glycidyl methacrylate, followed by ring opening of the oxirane via action of an (meth)acrylic acid in combination with a ring-opening catalyst to produce the final unsaturated polymer. Gel coat compositions containing such polymers possess improved rheological properties and may be used to create durable in-mold coatings for articles requiring good hydrolytic stability and UV resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of polyamide-6 by polymerization of &egr;-caprolactam with full re-use of extracted caprolactam and oligomers. The extract is not subjected to a pretreatment for reduction of the cyclic dimer content. By carrying out the polymerization in two steps, the first at an elevated pressure, but lower than the vapor pressure of the reaction mixture supplied, and the second at approximately atmospheric or reduced pressure, the cyclic dimer content of the polymerizate leaving the second polymerization step is kept at a constant level. The process offers a high degree of flexibility in terms of production capacity and composition and proportion of recycled lactam in the lactam feed for the polymerization.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method for preparing polyether polyol or copolymerized polyether polyol, which uses an acid catalyst consisting of heteropoly acidic salts and oxides and/or binders. It allows tetrahydrofuran and/or cyclic ether compounds to carry out the ring-opening polymerization or ring-opening copolymerization with/without telogen, and obtains polyether polyol or copolymerized polyether polyol. An acid catalyst is used in the present invention because of its low solubility in organic solvent, so its process is simpler and the catalyst is easy to recycle for repeated use. As well, its preparation process is highly advantageous.

Abstract: An aqueous binder composition suitable for use as a binder in making wool and board products including fiberglass insulation comprising a phenolic resole resin binder made from phenol and formaldehyde by using an excess amount of a basic catalyst.

Abstract: An aqueous binder composition suitable for use as a binder in making wool and board products including fiberglass insulation comprising a phenolic resole resin binder made from phenol and formaldehyde by using an excess amount of a basic catalyst.

Abstract: Proposed is a process for the production of activated carbon, in which the characteristics of the activated carbon are specifically controllable by way of adjustment of the parameters of the process.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing polymers containing a degradant component that increases the rate of polymer degradation. The process involves adding a degradant component to a fluid polymer immediately after the polymer is synthesized and while the polymer is still fluid to form a blend of the fluid polymer component and degradant component and mixing the blend of the fluid polymer component and degradant component to distribute the degradant component substantially homogeneously throughout the fluid polymer component.

Abstract: Thermally stable polymers comprising resorcinol arylate chain members are prepared using an interfacial method comprising the steps of: (a) combining at least one resorcinol moiety and at least one catalyst in a mixture of water and at least one organic solvent substantially immiscible with water; and (b) adding to the mixture from (a) at least one dicarboxylic acid dichloride while maintaining the pH between 3 and 8.5 through the presence of an acid acceptor, wherein the total molar amount of acid chloride groups is stoichiometrically deficient relative to the total molar amount of phenolic groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to resin systems useful for imparting dry-strength to paper without substantially increasing the paper's wet-strength wherein the resin system comprises a cationic component and an anionic component. The invention also relates to the process for incorporating these resin systems into paper and the paper produced containing the resin systems.

Abstract: A process for producing a vinyl aromatic-conjugated diene block copolymer, the process comprising solution polymerising at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon and a conjugated diene in the presence of a catalyst based on an alkali metal to produce copolymer chains which end with an alkali metal and treating the copolymer chains in solution with an alkyl dicarboxylic acid having at least 2 carbon atoms and the acid being in the form of a slurry in an organic liquid with the acid being granulated and having an average granule size of less than 50 microns.

Abstract: Doped polyanilines are prepared by contacting aniline with an oxidizing agent such as ammonium peroxydisulfate in aqueous solution at a temperature of at most about 10° C. in the presence of at least one organic sulfonic acid, preferably an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid such as dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid. The products may be blended with thermoplastic resins such as polystyrene to produce blends having excellent static discharge properties.

Abstract: Maghnia or Mostaganem bentonites, are activated by contacting the Maghnia or Mostaganem bentonite with an acid solution of selected concentration and then drying the Maghnia or Mostaganem bentonite to form an activated bentonite catalyst. This activated bentonite catalyst may be used to polymerize a vinyl, acrylic, cyclic ether, aldehyde, lactone or olefin monomer. In a further embodiment, a perflourinated amine or diamine is synthesized by contacting a Maghnia or Mostaganem bentonite with an acid solution of selected concentration, drying the Maghnia or Mostaganem bentonite, and absorbing a secondary amine with the Maghnia or Mostaganem bentonite to form a perflouroamide iodide salt. The perflouramide idodide salt can then be extracted with a polar solvent and neutralized by the use of a basic solution.

Abstract: The end group content of polyamide in the solid state may be reduced by treating the polyamide with gas-phase acid, anhydride, or amine. Stain- or dye-resistant polyamide fibers can be made by reducing the number of amino end groups. Reduction in the number of carboxylic end groups reduces the rate of regeneration of starting monomers during extrusion.

Abstract: This invention involves a process for manufacturing high molecular mass polyaniline in the form of emeraldine and polyaniline obtained by this process. The process includes the following steps: a) polymerising aniline or an aniline derivative to make pernigraniline by doing the polymerization in a homogeneous aqueous solution including the aniline or the aniline derivative, a protonic acid, a salt, an oxidizing agent and ethanol to yield pernigraniline, b) reducing the pernigraniline obtained in step a) to emeraldine by means of an aqueous reducing solution which does not contain aniline, and possibly an additional step of extraction and post-polymerisation with chloroform. The polyanilines thus protonated by (±)-10-camphor sulphonic acid are totally soluble in m-cresol and in hexafluoroisopropanol and produce flexible films with high electrical conductivity, i.e. 250-350 S/cm.

Abstract: Polyaryiene sulfone fiber material, especially web, is obtained by oxidizing polyarylene sulfide fiber material with a peracid/acid mixture of an organic acid at 60 to 100° C. for 10 seconds to 45 minutes. Since this process provides a substantative degree of oxidation within a very short reaction time, one advantage of the process is that the rapidity of the oxidation renders continuous processes for oxidizing polyarylene sulfide fibers economical.

Abstract: A method for modifying a protein or polypeptide is disclosed which includes the steps of dispersing a protein or polypeptide in an essentially non-aqueous medium and peracylating the protein or polypeptide with a cyclic anhydride having a carbon chain substituent selected from the group consisting of alkyl and alkenyl groups. Most preferably, the cyclic anhydride is succinic anhydride, although glutaric anhydride may also be employed. Preferably, the step of peracylating the protein or polypeptide is performed in the presence of an acid catalyst, most preferably &rgr;-toluene sulfonic acid. The resultant modified protein or polypeptide may be employed in numerous applications including drug delivery, absorbable sutures, and thermoplastic films and molded articles.

Abstract: Deaggregated substituted and unsubstituted polyparaphenylenes, polyparaphenylevevinyles, polyanilines, polyazines, polythiophenes, poly-p-phenylene sulfides, polyfuranes, polypyrroles, polyselenophene, polyaccetylenes formed from soluble precursors and combinations thereof and copolymers thereof and methods of fabrication are described. The deaggregated polymer molecules when subsequently doped show higher electrical conductivity. Agents such as lithium chloride, m-cresol and nonylphenol are used to deaggregate the polymer molecules. The deaggregating agents can be added prior to or during doping the molecules.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for manufacturing a highly efficient antislipping agent based on acrylic latexes containing small amount of solid content, wherein said acrylic latexes are composed of two different acrylic latexes containing small amount of solid content; one being flexible with a low glass transition temperature (referred to as ‘Tg’ hereafter) when dried and the other being hard with a relatively high Tg when dried, followed by blending through neutralization using aqueous ammonia. Thus, the latexes are well blended and their physical properties like homogeneity, tacky property, flexibility and hardness can be easily controlled.

Abstract: A process for decolorizing polymers or copolymers which are obtained by cationic polymerization of tetrahydrofuran or of tetrahydrofuran and alkylene oxide, in the presence or absence of a telogen, comprises a) first, if desired, removing the low-boiling components by vacuum distillation or extraction and b) heating the remaining polymer or copolymer in the presence of at least one auxiliary selected from the group consisting of solid oxides and/or sheet silicates to from 20 to 150° C.

Abstract: Method for the manufacture of a phenolic resin emulsion and/or dispersion, wherein an aldehyde, a phenolic compound and an alkaline catalyst are allowed to react at a temperature of 40-100° C. until a desired degree of condensation is achieved, and the pH of the resin is adjusted to a value below 9 using an acid in the presence of a surface active agent or a mixture thereof at a temperature below 100° C. and a phenolic resin emulsion and/or dispersion is obtained providing a colorless or light-colored glue line or surface when cured.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a high-molecular polyamide or polyester by melt-mixing polyamide or polyester having a lower molecular weight with a carbonyl bislactam having formula 1, in which n=an integer of between 3 and 15. With the process according to the invention a permanent increase in the molecular weight of a polyamide is obtained within 2 minutes, whereas this takes at least 10 minutes under comparable conditions using a bislactam according to the state of the art.

Abstract: A hydrophobic textile product of the present invention is obtained through graft polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated organic acid. The textile product characterized by: a graft polymerization rate of about 8 wt % or more; substantially no agglutination of a byproduct polymer from the graft polymerization process; a hygroscopicity of about 2.5 wt % or more under a 20° C.×65% RH environment; and an ammonia deodorizing property.

Abstract: Most generally, the invention provides a method for making a neutralized polyether polyol, comprising the steps of a) Polymerizing one or more alkylene oxides in the presence of an alkaline catalyst to form a polyalkylene oxide intermediate; and b) Neutralizing the intermediate, after the polymerization step a) is complete, with an organic acid of general formula where R1 is hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl; R2 is methyl or ethyl; and R3 is an alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl group containing one to twelve carbon atoms. The invention also comprises the novel compositions made by the above process.

Abstract: A process for eliminating color from vinyl aromatic/conjugated diene copolymers which process comprises treating the copolymers with a monocarboxylic acid having general formula R—COOH, where R is a hydrocarbon radical comprising 2 to 4 carbon atoms and R further comprises linear or branched aliphatic radicals, cycloaliphatic radicals, alkenic radicals, aromatic radicals or alkylaromatic radicals.

Abstract: An acidic substance is added to a mixture containing a compound having epithio structures and a catalyst for curing the compound and the mixture is solidified. The mixture containing a compound having epithio structures and a catalyst for curing the compound can be mildly solidified for disposal.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process for the addition of volatile materials to prepolymers prior to or during solid state polymerization processes and the subsequent conducting of said solid state polymerization process.

Abstract: A composition and uses of said composition are described for a latex based setting system for remedial and other operations within a wit bore. The composition comprises a pH-reducing agent and/or a coagulant. By controlling the amount of agent, the setting time of the system can be controlled in a range of 0.5 h to 15 h.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing and purifying tetrabutyl ammonium phenolate diphenol adduct by reacting an alkali phenolate with tetrabutyl ammonium salts in an aqueous phase and subsequently precipitating the adduct by adding phenol.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of an initially living polymer from a cement produced in a polymerization process. The living polymer cement is shortstopped, washed, stabilised, coagulated and dried. The recovery process comprises adding a short stop to the polymer in the cement, washing catalyst residue from the polymer with water, adding an antioxidant Irganox 1520 to the cement to stabilise the polymer, adding epoxidised soya bean oil to the polymer to stabilise the polymer against colour degradation, and coagulating and drying the polymer. The pH of the cement is regulated in the range of from about 3 to about 7, and preferably from about 6 to about 7, during the catalyst wash and the coagulation steps of the recovery process. A product of the process is also described.

Abstract: A method for producing polybenzazole in the presence of iron(II) ion. The polybenzazole obtained by this method can be formed into a highly strong fiber having a high elastic modulus and a heat resistant film. The method enables economical production of polybenzazole having fine tone and high polymerization degree.

Abstract: A process for emulsifying a functionalized polyolefin is described. A functionalized polyolefin having a weight average molecular weight greater than 10,000, a fatty acid, a base in an amount sufficient to neutralize the functionalized polyolefin and the fatty acid, a surfactant and water are mixed in a pressure reactor vessel to form a pre-emulsion concentrate having a solids concentrate ranging from about 55 to 90% by weight. The pre-emulsion concentrate is then heated with agitation in the reaction vessel to an emulsification temperature, preferably at or above the melting point of the highest melting polymer in the formulation, for a time sufficient to form an emulsion concentrate. Water is then added to the emulsion concentrate within the pressure reactor vessel, diluting the solids content to about 5 to 50% by weight, and heated with agitation to the emulsification temperature for a time sufficient to form a functionalized polyolefin emulsion. Preferably, the resulting emulsion is rapidly cooled.

Abstract: Rod-like aromatic heterocyclic polymers having repeating units of the formula --(--Q--Ar--).sub.m --(--Q--Ph--).sub.n)-- where Q is ##STR1## X is --O--, --S--, or --NH--; m is 0.05 to 1.0; n is 1.0-m; Ph is 1,4-phenylene; Ar is ##STR2## R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same and are either H or CH.sub.3 ; and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are CH.sub.3.

Abstract: There is provided a method of removing metal residues from a polymer cement, the method comprising polymerizing a monomer with a metal-based polymerization initiator to give a polymer cement having metal polymerization initiator residue; adding an organic-soluble acid having a pKa no greater than about 4.5 to the polymer cement, thereby forming an acid containing organic phase; mixing the organic phase with an aqueous phase containing a mineral acid; and recovering the polymer cement substantially free of metal residue.

Abstract: The invention comprises an improved recycling and recovery process for rugs, flooring, carpeting, carpeting materials, and other textiles particular from waste carpet containing at least some synthetic fiber backing materials, and at least some nylon as well, and more particularly for the separation and recovery of the nylon polymers in purified and reusable condition and also recovery of other polymeric fibers and materials which may be present and can be recycled and reused.

Abstract: Disclosed are acid hardenable phenolic resin compositions and novolac compositions modified with about 5 to about 15% by weight of at least one reactive diluent selected from the group consisting of benzylic alcohol, benzylic ether, ethylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, monoallyl or methylallyl ethers of poly(methylol) alkanes, monoallyl ether of glycerine, allyl or methallyl glycidyl ether, N-acylated arylamine, N-acylated naphthylamine, N-substituted arylsulfonamide, and N-substituted arylamine. The reactive diluent can be used to improve impact resistance and flexibility of the acid hardenable phenolic resin. Preferably, the methods for modifying mix life of acid hardenable phenolic resin by use of aryl phosphite and benzylic alcohol, and methods for modifying novolac resins, as well as methods for making the present compositions and products, such as coiled filament pipe and laminate panels, employing the compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: An absorbent resin composition which shows high speed of absorption, excels in fluid permeability, and enjoys a high absorption capacity under load comprises primary particles of an absorbent resin and granulated particles of an absorbent resin having an average particle size smaller than the average particle size of the primary particles. An absorbent article contains the composition. The absorbent resin composition is produced by a method which comprises a step of producing granulated particles by granulating particles of absorbent resin having an average particle size in the range of 10 to 100 .mu.m and a step of mixing the resultant granulated particles of the absorbent resin with the primary particles of an absorbent resin having an average particle size in the range of 150 to 800 .mu.m.