Abstract: Novel polyketene-aminal polyamides are disclosed which have the following recurring unit ##STR1## wherein R is a divalent hydrocarbon radical, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 when taken separately are independently selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, aralkyl, and cycloalkyl, and when taken together as R.sub.1 with R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 with R.sub.4 with the respective nitrogen atoms to which they are attached represent independently a heterocyclic group having from 5 to 7 ring atoms.The polyamides are prepared by reacting together the appropriate diisocyanate [R(NCO).sub.2 ] and appropriate ketene-aminal to form the polymer directly without the evolution of any by-products or volatiles.The novel polymers are thermoplastic and can be formed or shaped using any of the techniques known to those skilled in the thermoplastic polymer art.

Abstract: An organic polyurethane resin capable of water and aqueous organic solvent redispersibility comprising the reaction product of at least one hydrophilic diol, at least one hydrophobic diol, at least one organic diisocyanate and, optionally, at least one chain extender.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of finely divided, stable and relatively low viscosity dispersions of ionic polyisocyanate polyaddition products in compounds having hydroxyl groups by reacting(1) organic polyisocyanate with(2) compounds having primary and/or secondary amino groups and/or primary hydroxyl groups in(3) compounds having at least one hydroxyl group,with the proviso that compounds (3) have secondary hydroxyl groups if compounds with primary hydroxyl groups are used as compound (2), and further characterized in that at least one of the components (1) or (2) has groups which are ionic and/or capable of salt formation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to water soluble or water dispersible polyurethane elastomers which have a substantially linear molecular structure and which contain both ethylene oxide units incorporated in polyether chains and sulphonate groups, characterized in that they contain from about 0.5 to 20% by weight of ethylene oxide units of the formula --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O-- arranged within polyether chains and from about 0.1 to 25 milliequivalents, per 100 g of solid, of sulphonate groups of the formula --SO.sub.3.sup..crclbar. in the form of structural units of the formula--O--X--Rarranged in end positions and/or side positions, whereinX represents a polyalkylene oxide chain having from 5 to 90 chain members, at least about 40% of which chain members constitute ethylene oxide units andR represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 18 carbon atoms containing at least one sulphonate group --SO.sub.3.sup..crclbar. andto a process for their production.

Abstract: A photo-hardenable adhesive composition particularly suitable for use in the bonding of glass to other materials, especially plastics, as in the production of safety glass and armoured glass laminates and comprising(A) a photopolymerisable ester of an .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated acid and a hydroxylated urethane or urea and having a moleculare weight of 500 to 10,000(B) a photoinitiator(C) a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or cycloaliphatic N,N-dialkylamino alcohol ester of an .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, said alcohol having an alkylene moiety of up to six carbon atoms between hydroxy and the amino functions, and(D) an .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid in an amount equal to one mole per mole of C, (C) and (D) being capable of reacting together to form a betaine, and preferably(E) at least one further copolymerisable monomer or oligomer and which may comprise an excess of (C) or (D) over equimolar.

Abstract: The incorporation of formic acid modified low equivalent weight amino polyols as crosslinkers in molded polyether polyurethane semiflexible foams is disclosed. These formic acid modified amino polyols result in foams which, when molded, display improved flowability, lower molded density and decreased usage per part. These improvements are demonstrable over nonformic acid modified low equivalent weight amino polyols and other commercial crosslinkers. The resulting foams find use in energy absorbing applications in the automotive industry and other industries.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of polyurethane polymers in ammonium salt form are prepared by reacting diisocyanates with a polyhydroxy, carboxylic acid to form an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer that is united with an unsaturated fatty acid ester polyol to provide carboxylic-containing, water-dispersible polyurethanes having properties exhibited by organic solvent-based, oil-modified polyurethanes. The aqueous dispersions can be formed by neutralization of "oil-modified," carboxylic group-containing, water-dispersible polyurethanes with ammonium salt-forming materials such as ammonia and amines. The aqueous dispersions are especially desirable coating compositions.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of inorganic-organic synthetic materials having high strength, elasticity, dimensional stability under heat, and flame resistance, consisting of a polymer-polysilicic acid gel composite material in the form of a solid/solid xerosol, said process comprising mixing(a) an organic polyisocyanate,(b) an aqueous basic solution and/or an aqueous basic suspension having an inorganic solid content of from 20-80% by weight preferably from 30-70% by weight,(c) a flowable inorganic compound and optionally(d) catalysts and other additives and allowing the resulting mixture to react, characterized in that mixing is carried out by first combining components (a) and (b), optionally with the addition of all or part of component (d), to form a stable primary dispersion and thereafter adding component (c), optionally the addition of all or part of component (d), to form a final dispersion.

Abstract: There is described a polyurethane anionomer which is particularly suitable as a textile sizing agent because it is water-soluble and sufficiently hydrolysis-resistant to be recoverable by ultra-filtration. It is superior to previously known ionomers in being hard, tough and having a smooth surface.This anionomer is produced by reacting organic diisocyanates with tri- or tetra-ethylene glycol and optionally other aliphatic glycols as well as glycols bearing carboxyl, carboxylate, sulphonic acid or sulphonate groups in selected ratios which render the anionomer water-soluble after neutralization of an appropriate amount of the carboxyl or sulphonic acid groups. Aqueous solutions can be formed by dissolving the solid anionomer in water and these solutions can be used to size textile fibers with the recovery of excess anionomer by ulra-filtration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of modified polyether polyols by the radical polymerization of a mixture of acrylonitrile, styrene, a salt of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid containing a primary, secondary or tertiary monoamine or polyamine and optionally copolymerizable compounds with a polyether polyol.

Abstract: A water-insoluble, water-nondispersible polyurethane resin and a sheet material with improved physical properties and dyeability are produced by using a quaternary nitrogen atom-containing polyol and a low-molecular weight polyfunctional compound having no quaternary or tertiary nitrogen atom.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium hydroxide-containing polymers and their use in coating applications are disclosed. The quaternary ammonium hydroxide-containing polymers are prepared from reacting a polyglycidyl ether of a cyclic polyol with a tertiary amine in the presence of a sufficient amount of water for the formation of quaternary hydroxide groups.The quaternary ammonium hydroxide-containing polymers are particularly good as electrocoating resins in that they electrodeposit without generating acid counterion. They are also good in other conventional coating applications such as dip, flow, spray and roll coating in that the resulting coating can be baked without the generation of corrosive acid.

Abstract: Water insoluble polyurethane polyether polymers that are soluble in ethanol at pH 11 characterized by a molecular weight above 6,000 and having carboxylate groups and hydroxyl groups in the polymer backbone are prepared by reacting a mixture of polyols, a polyfunctional lactone and a polyfunctional isocyanate proportioned so as to provide the desired polymer properties. The polymer so prepared contains lactone groups and hydroxyl groups in the polymer backbone. The lactone ring is opened by treating the polymer with an alkaline aqueous solution of a water miscible organic solvent to produce a water insoluble polyurethane polyether resin containing carboxylate groups and hydroxyl groups in the polymer backbone. The carboxylate groups may be in the form of a carboxylic acid group or its alkali metal or quaternary ammonium salt. The product is soluble in mixtures of water with a water miscible organic solvent and may be used in the preparation of surgical drapes and burn dressings.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a suspension which is stable in storage comprising:(1) 0.5 to 80%, by weight, based on the total suspension, of an inorganic filler in(2) 20 to 99.5%, by weight, based on the total suspension, of polyhydroxyl compounds containing aliphatic or cycloaliphatic combined hydroxyl groups,wherein said polyhydroxyl compounds (2) contain from 0.05 to 10% by weight based on (1)+(2) of a graft polymer and stabilizer which was produced by the free radical polymerization of(a) from 1 to 35%, by weight, based on the graft polymer, of an olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid and(b) from 0 to 60%, by weight, based on the graft polymer, of other olefinically unsaturated monomers, in the presence of(c) from 5 to 99%, by weight, based on the graft polymer, of polyhydroxyl compounds,wherein the carboxyl groups of the graft polymer are completely or partially neutralized by organic or inorganic bases.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the preparation of dihydroxypolyurethanes containing carboxyl groups and chemically fixed ionic groups, comprising reacting(A) dihydroxypolyesters having molecular weights of from 600 to 8,000;(B) organic diisocyanates;(C) compounds containing carboxyl groups and groups having a higher isocyanate-reactivity than said carboxyl groups; and(D) compounds containing ionic groups and isocyanate-reactive groupswherein the products of said process contain from 0.01 to 1.0%, by weight of carboxyl groups and from 0.1 to 10 milliequivalents of ionic groups per 100 g of polyurethane.

Abstract: A cationic electrodeposition-coating resin is prepared by reacting(1) a polyisocyanate with(2) a polyol and(3) a monofunctional blocking agent at a molar ratio of excess of isocyanate groups to total of hydroxyl groups of the polyol and functional groups of the monofunctional blocking agent to obtain an intermediate (A) having isocyanate groups; and reacting a tertiary amine having at least two hydroxyl groups with the intermediate (A) at a molar ratio of excess of hydroxyl groups of the tertiary amine to isocyanate groups of the intermediate (A); and cationizing the resulting reaction product (B).

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to novel polyurethane cationic electrolyte-stable dispersions characterized by lateral or terminal polyalkylene oxide polyether chains containing from 2 to 10%, by weight, of ethylene oxide units, based on the total weight of the polyurethane; a content of ##STR1## groups of from 16 to 100 milliequivalents per 100 g of polyurethane; an average particle size of from 50 to 300 m.mu.; and a solids content of from 10 to 45%.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to novel polyurethanes which have a substantially linear molecular structure and which are dispersible in water, and the method of producing such polyurethanes. The polyurethanes of the present invention are characterized by an ethylene oxide unit content of from 0.5 to 10%, by weight, and by an ionic content of from 0.1 to 15 milliequivalents per 100 grams of polyurethane.

Abstract: Binders for cathodically depositable aqueous coating compositions comprising the reaction product, having an NCO-value of zero, of(A) polymers carrying reactive hydroxyl groups and having a hydroxyl number of at least about 40 mg KOH/g; and(B) compounds carrying per molecule an average of 0.8 to 1.5, and preferably 1.0, free isocyanate groups and at least one teritary basic aliphatically bound nitrogen atom.Optionally, the reaction product of (A) and (B) can include as(C) a compound carrying an average of 0.8 to 1.5, and preferably 1.0, free isocyanate groups and from 1 to 3 olefinic double bonds.Coating compositions containing the partially or totally neutralized reaction product when depositrd cathodically in an electrodeposition system will cure at relatively low temperatures and relatively short curing times to provide films having good resistance to water, chemicals, and corrosion.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to compounds having an average molecular weight of from 300 to 12,000, containing: at least one hydroxyl group and at least one urethano-aryl-sulfonic acid group and a method for their preparation. The process is characterized as a process for the preparation of compounds having a number average molecular weight of from 300 to 12,000 having at least one hydroxyl group and at least one urethano-aryl-sulfonic acid group, comprising: reacting at from 0.degree. to 190.degree. C.(A) compounds having a molecular weight of from 62 to 10,000 having at least two hydroxyl groups; with(B) aromatic isocyanato sulfonic acids, wherein the equivalent ratio of the total quantity of isocyanate groups (including any isocyanate groups present in dimerized form) to sulfonic acid groups is from 0.5:1 to 50:1 and the equivalent ratio of the sum of hydroxyl groups in (A) to NCO groups is from 1.5:1 to 30:1. The invention is also directed to the product by the process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of aqueous dispersions or solutions of polyurethanes which have urea end groups and contain non-ionic hydrophilic segments and which are capable of being cross-linked with the aid of cross-linking agents which are reactive with urea groups, characterized in that prepolymers which have isocyanurate end groups and which(i) have an average molecular weight of less than about 15,000 and(ii) contain from about 2 to 30%, by weight, of ethylene oxide units corresponding to the following formula:--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--within a polyether chain (containing ethylene oxide units)are reacted at from about 10.degree. to 70.degree. C.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of inorganic-organic synthetic materials having high strength, elasticity, dimensional stability under heat, and flame resistance, consisting of a polymer-polysilicic acid gel composite material in the form of a solid/solid xerosol, said process comprising mixing(a) an organic polyisocyanate,(b) an aqueous basic solution and/or an aqueous basic suspension having an inorganic solid content of from 20 to 80% by weight, preferably from 30 to 70% by weight,(c) an organic compound containing at least one isocyanate reactive hydrogen atom and at least one non-ionic-hydrophilic group and(d) optionally catalysts and other additivesand leaving the resulting mixture to react, characterized in that components (a) and (b), optionally with the addition of part or all of component (d) are first mixed together to form a stable primary dispersion and thereafter component (c), optionally with the addition of all or part of component (d), is added to form the fi

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the preparation of modified polyisocyanates which contain sulfonic acid alkyl ester groups and in which the isocyanate groups may be at least partly in the dimerized form, comprising: reacting isocyanatoaryl sulfonic acids having at least two isocyanate groups and wherein the isocyanate groups may be at least partly in the dimerized form, optionally as mixtures with mono and/or polyisocyanates which are free from sulfonic acid groups, with di- and/or tetrahydrofurans at 0.degree. to 190.degree. C., wherein the equivalent ratio of isocyanate groups, including any isocyanate groups present in the dimerized form, to sulfonic acid groups is greater than 1 and the equivalent ratio of di- and tetrahydrofuran groups to sulfonic acid groups is from 0.1:1 to 10:1.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the preparation of modified polyisocyanates which contain sulfonic acid alkyl ester groups and in which the isocyanate groups may be at least partly in the dimerized form, comprising: reacting isocyanatoaryl sulfonic acids having at least two isocyanate groups and wherein the isocyanate groups may be at least partly in the dimerized form, optionally as mixtures with mono and/or polyisocyanates which are free from sulfonic acid groups, with lactones at 0.degree. to 190.degree. C., wherein at least one of said lactones is a 6 to 9 membered ring lactone and the equivalent ratio of isocyanate groups, including any isocyanate groups present in the dimerized form, to sulfonic acid groups is greater than 1 and the equivalent ratio of lactone groups to sulfonic acid groups is from 0.1:1 to 10:1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of substantially linear isocyanate polyaddition products having side-chain hydroxyl groups by the reaction of reactive systems which contain free isocyanate groups and oxazolidine groups with water, characterized in that(a) substantially linear prepolymers which contain both isocyanate groups and oxazolidine groups in end positions or(b) a mixture containing substantially linear isocyanate prepolymers and bis-oxazolidinesare chain lengthened by mixing with water, using a quantity of water calculated to provide at least about 1 mol of water per mol of oxazolidine groups present in the reaction mixture. The present invention also relates in particular to an embodiment of this process in which the prepolymers used contain chemically built-in hydrophilic groups and/or external emulsifiers, and water is used in such excess that the reaction leads directly to aqueous dispersions or solutions of the polyaddition products.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of new, non-foamed urethane and/or urea group-containing polyisocyanate polyaddition products which contain both cationic and also anionic groups chemically bound into the same molecule of said polyisocyanate polyaddition products, to the polyaddition products obtainable by this process and to the use thereof for coating flexible and non-flexible sheet-form materials.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to compounds having an average molecular weight of from 300 to 12,000, containing: at least one hydroxyl group and at least one urethano-aryl-sulfonic acid group and a method for their preparation. The process is characterized as a process for the preparation of compounds having a number average molecular weight of from 300 to 12,000 having at least one hydroxyl group and at least one urethano-aryl-sulfonic acid group, comprising: reacting at from 0.degree. to 190.degree. C.(A) compounds having a molecular weight of from 62 to 10,000 having at least two hydroxyl groups; with(B) aromatic isocyanato sulfonic acids, wherein the equivalent ratio of the total quantity of isocyanate groups (including any isocyanate groups present in dimerized form) to sulfonic acid groups is from 0.5:1 to 50:1 and the equivalent ratio of the sum of hydroxyl groups in (A) to NCO groups is from 1.5:1 to 30:1. The invention is also directed to the product by the process.

Abstract: The present disclosure is concerned with a process for the preparation of carboxylate containing polyurethane and the polymers so produced. Hydroxyl bearing components are reacted with tri- or tetra-carboxylic acid monoanhydrides so as to incorporate free carboxyl groups into the component, a proportion of the carboxyl groups are neutralized to ionic salts and hydroxyl component is then reacted with polyisocyanates and simultaneously or subsequently with chain extending agents. The polymer may be obtained as a dispersion in water and the chain lengthening agent may be water, formaldehyde or water soluble amines or hydrazines.

Abstract: Water-soluble polyurethanes are obtained by reacting sulfonated anionic polyesters containing about 0.8 to 2% sulfur with at least one diisocyanate to form film-forming polyurethanes which are directly soluble in water. The polyurethanes of the invention are advantageously applied in aqueous solution form as sizing for textiles and for bonding leathers.

Abstract: A urea compound having carboxylate radical is obtained by reaction of aminoaminocarboxylate represented by the formula: ##STR1## (where R.sub.1 l is a hydrocarbon-based radical, and R.sub.2 is ethylene radical or a substituted ethylene radical) with diisocyanate, optionally in the presence of diamine and/or water. The reaction may be achieved by interfacial polymerization, solution polymerization, or solvent-free polymerization.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to an improved process for the production of cellular or non-cellular polyurethane urea elastomers, in which diamines which contain ester groups are used as chain lengthening agents. A characteristic feature of the process according to the invention is the use of salts of aromatic diaminocarboxylic or sulphonic acids as a portion of the chain lengthening component. Elastomers produced by this process are distinguished by their improved mechanical properties, in particular their increased tensile strength and tear propagation resistance as well as their reduced permanent elongation.

Abstract: Water soluble, high solids urethane coating compositions comprising a polycaprolactone derivative, an aliphatic polyisocyanate and water. The polycaprolactone derivative is a water soluble, carboxyl modified oligomer addition reaction product mixture obtained by the reaction of polycaprolactone polyol and an anhydride of a polycarboxylic acid to produce a water insoluble adduct that on reaction with an inorganic or organic base produces the water soluble, carboxyl modified oligomer addition reaction product mixtures which are eminently suitable for the production of urethane coating compositions of this invention. The polycaprolactone polyol reacted with the polycarboxylic acid has an average at least two hydroxyl groups in the molecule, a hydroxyl number of from about 15 to about 600 and an average molecular weight of from about 290 to about 6,000. The carboxylic acid anhydride has at least one intramolecular carboxylic anhydride group.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a composition containing PCS from polyisocyanates which comprises the following steps in the stated order:Step 1: Mixing a polyisocyanate with(a) an aqueous solution of an alkali metal or ammonium bisulphite or metabisulphite, or an aqueous solution of a mixture of any two or more of these salts, and(b) a compound or mixture of compounds containing on average one or more tertiary amino group per molecule, and(c) at least one water miscible solvent containing a hydroxy and/or ether group.Step 2: Mixing the reaction mixture from Step 1 with either or both of(d) at least one mineral acid or a solution thereof(e) an aqueous dispersion, emulsion, or latex of at least one water-insoluble organic polymer prepared from the polymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer or an organic polymer containing a plurality of urethane linkages.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a process for preparing aqueous dispersions from solid polymer precursors which are polyester or polyurethane oligomers containing both hydrophilic centers and cross-linking sites and subsequently coating substrates with the thus obtained dispersions. The aqueous dispersion is applied to a substrate and dried with resultant cross-linking of the film.

Abstract: Stable concentrated polymer mixtures suitable for the treatment of textile and other materials, are prepared by mixing:A. an aqueous dispersion, emulsion, or latex containing more than 20% by weight of at least one water-insoluble organic polymer,B. a solution containing at least 10% by weight of at least one polycarbamoyl sulfonate; andC. one or more stabilizers.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of water dispersible polyurethanes by reacting polyisocyanates with sulphonate group containing diols. The sulphonate diols have the general formula: ##STR1## WHEREIN A and B, which may be the same or different, each represents a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,R represents hydrogen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a phenyl group,X.sup.(+) represents an alkali metal cation or ammonium group which may be substitutedn and m, which may be the same or different, each represents an integer between 0 and 30 inclusive,o and p, represent 0 or 1, andq represents an integer of 0 or 2.Sufficient amounts of this diol are used to provide the final polymer with a sulphonate group content of about 0.1 to 6 wt.%. In a preferred embodiment, a prepolymer is formed in substance with the sulphonate bearing diol, the polyisocyanate and optionally other reactive hydrogen bearing compounds.