Abstract: The present invention relates to a DNA sequence encoding the human milk protein .beta.-casein or an analogue or variant thereof which has either the calcium binding activity of human .beta.-casein, or opioid activity, or angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, or a combination of any two or three of these activities. The DNA sequence may optionally contain one or more intron sequences and permissive RNA splice signals. The DNA sequence is used in the production of recombinant human .beta.-casein, advantageously by means of production in transgenic non-human mammals such as bovine species. In one embodiment, the DNA sequence is inserted into a milk protein gene of a mammal such as a whey acidic protein (WAP) gene. The main use of the recombinant human .beta.-casein is as a constituent of infant formulae. It is contemplated that the recombinant human .beta.

Abstract: The attachment of H. influenzae to human cells, such as oropharyngeal cells, may be inhibited by native human .beta.-casein, a recombinant form of human .beta.-casein, and hydrolysates of both. The human .beta.-casein or hydrolysate may be contained in a liquid enteral nutritional product such as an infant formula. The enteral nutritional product may be used, for example, in the prevention and treatment of otitis media in infants. The human .beta.-casein or hydrolysate may also be administered as a throat spray or nasally using drops or a spray.

Abstract: A preventive for circulatory diseases which can prevent the onset of circulatory diseases, particularly cerebral stroke, without causing adverse effects such as blood-pressure fluctuation. The preventive contains as the active ingredient a low-molecular-weight peptide fraction prepared by the trypsinization of casein followed by partial purification.

Abstract: An enteral composition of protein, glucides, lipids and minerals, which is suitable for tube feeding, employs native micellar casein as the protein. The composition is prepared by obtaining native micellar casein and combining it with the glucides, lipids and minerals. A dispersion of micellar casein may be obtained by microfiltering milk, particularly skim milk, and glucides and minerals are dispersed in the micellar casein retentate obtained, lipids are added to the resulting dispersion and then the mixture is homogenized and sterilized. The microfiltered retentate may be diafiltered for obtaining the dispersion.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising an improved modified protein sol is used for treating and enhancing the healing of arthritis and cutaneous acne. Prior to being modified, a protein is solubilized and neutralized by an alkali solution containing a molar weight percent ratio of 95:5 KOH/NaOH. Neutralization is allowed to continue for about 5 minute, allowing for complete neutralization of the protein. The neutralized protein is then hydrolyzed by enzymatic digestion. The improved modified protein sol may be then mixed with stabilizing and preserving agents, such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone, if desired. Uses for the improved modified protein composition includes treatment of arthritis and cystic acne.

Abstract: The method of making a neurotoxic insecticide which comprises:1. Extracting a relatively heat stable, lipophilic, calcium linked, free sufhydryl, proteinaceous extract from casein, in particular the kappa casein thereof, or a casein containing material, such as skim milk, with a low molecular weight alcohol or acetone, and recovering the extract;2. Mixing the extract with one or more membrane transfer agents, such as detergents or solvents, which allow the transfer of the protein extract across normally impermeable insect membranes, whereby the extract demonstrates neurotoxic insecticidal effects.

Abstract: A method of producing denatured bovine serum albumin (BSA) milk products is disclosed which provides a container for containing the milk products and a source of heating the container for a period of time and within a certain temperature range sufficient for producing the denatured BSA milk products without substantially diminishing either the flavor or the nutritional value of the milk products. It appears that the consumption of denatured BSA milk products, as opposed to consumption of non-denatured BSA milk products, will tend to reduce the likelihood of a person acquiring Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM), atherosclerotic vascular disease, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, pernicious anemia, and other human autoimmune diseases.

Abstract: The continuous removal of solid products from a high-pressure system is achieved by operating a high-pressure pump in reverse to gradually reduce pressure at the exit line to atmospheric pressure. This process allows solid products to exit the system while at the same time maintaining high pressure in the reactor.

Abstract: A cDNA sequence encoding human .kappa.-casein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an infection protectant which is excellent in infection protective effects and is also safe. .kappa.-Casein, a sialic-acid-conjugated protein derived from cow milk, and a glycomacropeptide derived from .kappa.-casein, each of which is useful as an active ingredient in this invention, have been found to be effective for the prevention of adhesion of E. coli on cells and also for the inhibition of transformation of lymphocytes by EBV and also to have strong HI activity against virus. The infection protectant of this invention is hence believed to exhibit marked effects for the prevention of occurrence of infectious diarrhea, for mass protection against spreading of influenza, and also against canceration of lymphocytes. Since the active ingredient of the infection protectant is a substance derived from cow milk, it is free of any problem from the viewpoint of safety. Moreover, it is absolutely tasteless and odorless. It can therefore be added to foods for its application.

Abstract: Protein inhibitors of phospholipase A.sub.2 purified from inflammatory sites which have an amino acid sequence given in FIGS. 3-1 through 3-3 or an amino acid sequence physiologically equivalent thereto, a process for preparation of said inhibitory protein wherein serum of mammalian animal is enzymatically treated, and a gene coding said inhibitory protein.

Abstract: A new amino derivative, N.sup..alpha. -tert-butoxycarbonyl-N.sup..epsilon. -(N-bromoacetyl-.beta.-alanyl)-L-lysine (BBAL), has been synthesized as a reagent to be used in solid-phase peptide synthesis for introducing a side-chain bromoacetyl group at any desired position in a peptide sequence. The bromoacetyl group subsequently serves as a sulfhydryl-selective cross-linking function for the preparation of cyclic peptides, peptide conjugates and polymers. BBAL residues are stable to final HF deprotection/cleavage. BBAL peptides can be directly coupled to other molecules or surfaces which possess free sulfhydryl groups by forming stable thioether linkages. Peptides containing both BBAL and cysteine residues can be self-coupled to produce either cyclic molecules or linear peptide polymers. Such peptide derivatives are useful in preparing potential peptide immunogens, vaccines and therapeutics, and for substances such as peptides linked to polymers, plastics, enamels and ceramics.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing .kappa.-casein glycomacropeptides which comprises contacting milk raw materials containing .kappa.-casein glycomacropeptides having the pH value of 4 or lower with an anion exchanger; collecting by elution of a fraction which adsorbs on the anion exchanger; and concentrating and desalinating the eluted solution to obtain the .kappa.-casein glycomacropeptide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a .kappa.-casein glycomacropeptide comprising contacting milk raw materials containing the .kappa.-casein glycomacropeptide with an ion exchanger; collecting a fraction which does not adsorb on the ion exchanger; and concentrating and desalting the fraction to obtain the .kappa.-casein glycomacropeptide.

Abstract: Reformed casein micelles are produced from an aqueous solution or dispersion of commercially available processed casein by the sequential addition, over an extended period of time, of calcium ions and a soluble phosphate salt, after which the aqueous reaction medium is concentrated such as by ultrafiltration or diafiltration, to increase the level of casein micelles thereon and remove excess salts. The reformed casein micelles are used as a complete or partial replacement for fat in a variety of food products, particularly coffee whiteners. Coffee whiteners containing reformed casein micelles as a replacement for the fat component have functional and organoleptic properties equivalent to conventional coffee whiteners.

Abstract: A topical use pharmaceutical composition and a process for its preparation, comprising an improved enzyme-modified casein sol. Prior to being enzyme-modified, the casein is solubilized and neutralized by an alkali solution containing a molar weight percent ratio in the range of from 90:10 to 100:0, potassium hydroxide to sodium hydroxide. Said neutralization occurring for a time in the range of 5 to 35 minutes to allow for complete neutralization of the casein. The neutralized casein is then hydrolyzed or modified by enzymatic digestion by a proteolytic enzyme for a time sufficient to achieve a weight ratio of protein nitrogen to amino nitrogen in the range from 7:1 to 9:1. The improved enzyme-modified casein sol may then be mixed with stabilizing and pressuring agents, such as carrageenan, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, methyl paraben or propyl paraben.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the removal of lipids and cholesterol from protein materials comprising the steps of (a) treating the protein with an extraction mixture comprising a lower alcohol, water and an acid, in concentrations selected to extract cholesterol and lipids from the protein, and (b) removing the extraction mixture from the protein.

Abstract: A process for producing .kappa.-casein glycomacropeptides which comprises adjusting the pH of a solution of milk starting materials containing the .kappa.-casein glycomacropeptides to below 4, treating the solution by ultrafiltration with a membrane having a fraction molecular weight of 10,000-50,000, and concentrating the obtained filtrate with a membrane having a fraction molecular weight of 50,000 or less.

Abstract: A medicinal composition, particularly but not exclusively for use in fluids for medical dialysis, contains, as an agent for maintaining the osmolality of the fluid, a protein hydrolysate resulting from the action of a proteolytic enzyme on the sodium caseinate fraction of milk protein. The enzyme is preferably trypsin but other proteolytic enzymes and enzyme mixtures may be used, examples being chymotrypsin, pancreatin and pronase.The method of production involves treating the sodium caseinate in aqueous medium with the enzyme at the appropriate pH and temperature for optimum enzyme activity. The product of the enzymic hydrolysis, after filtration through a bacterial filter, adjustment of the osmolality to an appropriate level of around 300 mOsm/Kg and the pH to physiological level of about 6.6 and addition of physiological salt levels, constitutes the final product.

Abstract: An expedited process for the dispersion and neutralization of acid caseins in the manufacture of liquid caseinate that drastically reduces time and cost variables and allows for in-house production of caseinate. The process comprises the initial addition of a solubilizing agent (i.e. citrate) to an aqueous solution with a temperature of about 120.degree. F. to about 165.degree. F. prior to the addition of casein and a neutralizing agent. This process achieves a pH-perfect, soluble caseinate product in the form of a ready-to-use liquid or powdered caseinate.

Abstract: This invention relates to the production of recombinant proteins in mammals' milk. Particularly, this invention relates to an expression system comprising the mammal's casein promoter which when transgenically incorporated into a mammal permits the female species of that mammal to produce the desired recombinant protein in or along with its milk. This invention also relates to the transgenic mammal that produces the desired recombinant product in its milk.

Abstract: A casein-soluble protein complex is prepared by raising the pH of an aqueous medium containing casein and soluble protein to within the range of 7.0 to 8.0, heating to a temperature in the range of about 65.6.degree. C. to 85.0.degree. C. and holding for a time sufficient to form the complex. Precipitation of the complex is then carried out by adjusting the temperature to within the range of 32.2.degree. C. to 76.7.degree. C. and lower the pH to within the range of 4.2 to 5.5 whereby the complex precipitates. The resultant precipitated complex is unique and can be used in making processed and imitation cheeses.

Abstract: A method of preparing a solution of lactic or colostric immunoglobulins or both by processing milk or colostrum or both accompanied by precipitation of the caseins, characterized in that milk or colostrum or both are acidified to a pH of 4.0-5.5, subjected to cross-flow filtration in a filtration unit with a mean pore size of 0.1-1.2 .mu.m, and the low-molecular components removed by means of further cross-flow filtration in another filtration unit with a limit of separation of 5 000-80 000 daltons, as well as an agent for treating bacterial and viral infections that consists of a solution obtained by means of said method.