Abstract: The invention relates to 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which X denotes the n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, 1-methylpropyl, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, isobutoxy, 1-methylpropoxy or 2-methoxyethoxy radical and A is 0 or the equivalent of an inorganic acid.The preparation is effected by reducing ortho-X-substituted nitrobenzene and benzidine rearrangement of the resulting hydrazobenzene derivative. The compounds of the formula (I) are suitable for use as components in the preparation of dyes and pigments.

Abstract: Preparation of diazo compounds by transfer of diazo groups to activated methylene compounds, characterized in that an azidoformamidinium salt is used as the diazo group transferring agent, and also preparation of azo compounds by this route.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of antitumor activity of the formula: ##STR1## ps in which R.sup.1 is hydrogen, lower allkyl, halo(lower)alkyl or aryl,R.sup.2 is hydrogen, hydroxy or protected hydroxy,R.sup.3 is hydrogen,R.sup.4 is aminocarboxy(lower)alkyl, protected amino(lower)alkyl or protected aminocarboxy(lower)alkyl, andR.sup.5 is hydrogen or lower alkyl, or its pharmaceutical acceptable salt.

Abstract: Azo dyes are obtained by diazotizing an aromatic amine and combining the resulting diazonium salt solution with a sulpho-containing coupling component when the sole acid donor used for the diazotization reaction--instead of the otherwise customary mineral or fatty acids--is a low molecular weight, nonsurfactantlike aromatic sulphonic acid.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for continuous preparation of aromatic diazonium fluoride salts wherein diazotizable aromatic primary amines are continuously diazotized in a reactor containing a plurality of sequential reaction zones, wherein a portion of the diazotization agent is continuously injected into each of the reaction zones.

Abstract: A light-sensitive compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alklyl substituted phenyl.--K-- is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## --S--, --O--, and --CH.sub.2 --, or is absent; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, butoxy, and H;X-- is an anion; andR denotes a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group.

Abstract: 4-Diazo-3-methoxy-2,5-cyclohexandien-1-one, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are antibiotics having antibacterial activity against a variety of gram positive and gram negative bacteria, particularly against anaerobic bacteria. The compound can be prepared by culturing aerobically Penicillium funiculosum A.T.C.C. No. 20783 in a culture medium containing assimilable sources of carbohydrates and nitrogen.

Abstract: Radiation sensitive material suitable for the production of radiation sensitive plates for lithographic printing plate manufacture is based on a polymer including a plurality of structural units represented by the formula: ##STR1## in which, R represents H or CH.sub.3 ; each R.sub.1, which may be the same or different represents H or alkyl; R.sub.2 represents a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent radical; Ar represents a substituted or unsubstituted divalent radical derived from an aromatic or heteroaromatic compound; X represents O, S or NH; A represents an anion; Y represents a carbonyl oxy or aromatic radical; and n is an integer equal to or greater than 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to mixed ester photosensitive compounds and photosensitizer compositions comprised thereof. The photosensitive compounds and photosensitizer compositions are prepared by condensing phenolic compounds with a 1,2-naphthoquinonediazide-4-sulfonic acid halide and an organic acid halide in specific ratios. Photoresist compositions comprising the photosensitive compounds and photosensitizer compositions are also disclosed. The photosensitizer compositions exhibit excellent solution stablity and resistance to precipitation when formulated in alkali-soluble resin photoresist compositions. The photoresist compositions have improved shelf life.

Abstract: Disclosed are substituted derivatives of 5-diazobarbituric acid selected from those having the formulas: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are substituents selected from the group consisting of C.sub.3 to C.sub.12 alkyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl and C.sub.2 to C.sub.6 aralkyl groups, wherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are substituents selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 alkyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl or other C.sub.2 to C.sub.6 aralkyl groups and R.sub.5 is selected from the group consisting of .alpha.,.omega.-disubstituted C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 alkyl, methylene dicyclohexyl, or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 dialkylphenylene.These compounds provide DUV response with an absorption maximum near 260 nm. The substituents are chosen to be nonabsorbing alkyl groups that allow efficient photobleaching of the sensitizer during exposure.The sensitizers of the present invention are designed to function in the DUV region and are useful in the manufacture of semi-conductor devices.

Abstract: 4-Aralkyl-2-nitro-2'-hydroxy-3',5'-dialkyl (or cumyl)-azobenzenes are made by coupling the corresponding diazotized 4-aralkyl-o-nitroaniline with the corresponding phenol. These azobenzene intermediates are used to prepare the corresponding 2H-benzotriazole UV absorber stabilizers substituted on the 5-position of the benzo ring by an aralkyl group, preferably alpha,alpha-dimethylbenzyl.

Abstract: A bisazo compound having good electrophotographic properties is disclosed, which is represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X represents a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom or a nitro group. A process for producing the bisazo compound is also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved process is disclosed for preparing aromatic fluorides by diazotization-fluorination in hydrogen fluoride wherein the diazotized reaction mixture includes an oxidizing agent such as nitrosonium ion from excess diazotization agent. The improvement includes, prior to decomposing the diazonium fluoride, adding to the diazotized reaction mixture a member selected from hydrazine, aromatic hydrazine, semi-carbazide, thio-semicarbazide, acid salts thereof, sulfur dioxide, sodium sulfate, and sodium bisulfite to remove at least a portion of the oxidizing agent. Urea was found to be ineffective.

Abstract: Amines which are sparingly soluble in water are diazotised by first preparing a melt or solution of said amines and then precipitating them from the melt or a solution in an organic solvent by adding water, and then diazotising the resultant suspension. In this procedure, the reaction times are appreciably shorter than those of conventional processes.

Abstract: 4-Higher alkyl-2-nitro-2'-hydroxy-3',5'-di-higher alkyl (or cumyl)-azobenzenes are made by coupling the corresponding diazotized 4-higher alkyl-o-nitroaniline with the corresponding substituted phenol. These azobenzene intermediates are used to prepare the corresponding 2H-benzotriazole UV absorber stabilizers substituted on the 5-position of the benzo ring by a higher alkyl group, preferably tert-octyl or n-dodecyl.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a hydroxybenzaldoxime O-ether of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents alkyl, comprising(a) in a first step, hydrogenating a nitro-benzaldoxime O-ether of the formula ##STR2## using the calculated amount of hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst and in the presence of a diluent, and(b) in a second step, reacting the amino-benzaldoxime O-ether of the formula ##STR3## thus obtained with a diazotizing agent in acidic, aqueous solution, and, without isolation, thermally hydrolyzing the resultant diazonium salt of the formula ##STR4## in which X.crclbar. represents an equivalent of an inorganic anion, in acidic, aqueous solution.

Abstract: A method of using a tubular reactor for accelerating heterogeneous reactions and affording an increased yield rate per unit of time and space wherein the cylindrical reactor tube contains in its interior a piston having relatively flat profiling in its skirt in the form of annular ribs and grooves therebetween, inlet conduits leading into the interior of the reaction tube through the bottom closure thereof, which may also be introduced from above and extend axially through the piston an outlet tube is provided in the region of the top closure of the reaction tube, the piston being connected via a piston rod with a vibrator imparting axial oscillatory movement of the piston, these oscillations generating turbulences in the annular piston grooves which effect a thorough mixing of the reaction participants without causing any noteworthy re-mixing of the resulting reaction products with the starting components; the process involving simultaneous and continuous introduction of a suspension of an insoluble reactant

Abstract: An azo compound with the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, lower alkyl group, lower alkoxy group, halogen atom and cyano group;Y is phenylene or naphthylene group;Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are independently the divalent group represented by the following formula: ##STR2## wherein A is a divalent group derived from the aromatic hydrocarbon or heterocyclic compound including one or more nitrogen atoms in the ring; andn is 1 or 2,is disclosed. Such compounds are useful in forming a photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photoreceptor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of 1-diazo-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid by diazotizing 1-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid in weakly acid medium and in the presence of iron ions, using only 1 to 30 millimoles of an iron compound per mole of 1-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid. Such an insignificant amount is sufficient to protect the 1-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid effectively from being oxidized to 1,2-naphthoquinonesulfonic acid and to afford the desired reaction product in good yield.

Abstract: This invention relates to a diazonium compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of biotin, an antigen, an antibody, a photoreactive group, a fluorescent group and heavy metal-containing compounds;X is an alkylene group containing up to 18 carbon atoms in the principle chain and a total of up to 24 carbon atoms or a substituted alkylene group containing up to 18 carbon atoms in the principle chain with substituents selected from the group consisting of solubility-enhancing groups and cleavable --S--S-- containing moieties;Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl or heteroaryl; andY is an anion and n is an integer from 1-3.Such compounds are useful as components for nucleic acid probes.

Abstract: Azo dyes of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 is alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R.sup.3 is alkylcarbonyloxyethyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, alkoxycarbonyloxyethyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkoxy moiety, methoxyethoxycarbonyloxyethyl or ethoxyethoxycarbonyloxyethyl; and R.sup.4 is one of the definitions of R.sup.3 or cyanoethyl; or mixtures of at least two species of said formula are used for dyeing and printing hydrophobic fiber materials.

Abstract: Water-soluble compounds having fiber-reactive dye properties of the general formula ##STR1## in which A is an alkylene of 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenylene which can be substituted by 1 or 2 substituents, or is a radical of the formula ##STR2## in which W is a direct bond or a bridge member and the R' and R* each denote hydrogen, chlorine, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, carboxy or sulfo;B is chlorine or fluorine;R is hydrogen, chlorine, an alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;M is hydrogen or an alkali metal;n stands for the number zero, 1 or 2,K is a radical of the formula ##STR3## in which D is phenylene which can be substituted by chlorine, bromine, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, carboxy or sulfo, or is naphthalene with optionally 1 or 2 sulfo groups,R.sup.1 denotes hydrogen, chlorine, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sup.

Abstract: A new method of diazotization consists in using as the diazotizing agent in an aqueous, aqueous organic or organic medium the system comprising salt of nitrous acid+acid insoluble in the reaction medium, in particular organic or inorganic cation exchangers having acid groups. The diazonium salt solutions thus prepared are immediately reacted with coupling components to give azo dyestuffs, the insoluble acid and/or its salt being separated off before or after the coupling.

Abstract: A reactor for accelerating heterogeneous reactions and affording an increased yield rate per unit of time and space comprises a cylindrical reactor tube containing in its interior a piston having relatively flat profiling in its skirt in the form of annular ribs and grooves therebetween, inlet conduits leading into the interior of the reaction tube through the bottom clousre thereof, which may also be introduced from above and extend axially through the piston, an outlet tube is provided in the region of the top closure of the reaction tube, the piston is being connected via a piston rod with a vibrator imparting axial oscillatory movement of the piston, these oscillations generating turbulences in the annular piston grooves which effect a thorough mixing of the reaction participants without causing any noteworthy re-mixing of the resulting reaction products with the starting components.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition of this invention comprises:(a) a photosensitive diazo resin represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group, R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or phenyl group, X represents PF.sub.6 or BF.sub.4 and n represents a number of 1 to 200, in which a resin with the number n in the above formula being 5 or more is contained by more than 20 mol %,(b) an oleophilic high molecular weight compound with hydroxyl group and(c) a high molecular weight organic acid without hydroxyl group, and in which the content of the ingredient (c) is from 1.5 to 30% by weight based on the solid matter in said composition.The photosensitive composition of this invention can provide a photosensitive layer having high sensitivity and being excellent in storage stability and developability as well as excellent in the film strength.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of determining and controlling the diazonium ion concentration in diazotization solutions and/or in azo coupling reactions, which comprises determining said diazonium ion concentration by means of IR spectroscopy from the intensity of the N.tbd.N stretching frequency.The method is extremely selective and virtually trouble-free and permits the simultaneous determination of the concentration of different diazonium salts in mixtures.

Abstract: Novel intermediates useful in the preparation of fluorophenoxyphenoxypropionates and derivatives thereof which possess herbicidal activity selectively in the presence of broadleaf crops.

Abstract: The present invention provides a tetrazoneum salt compound represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## (wherein, X stands for an anion functional group); a disazo compound represented by the general formula (II): ##STR2## wherein, A stands for ##STR3## (wherein, R stands for an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a nitro group, halogen, a cyano group or a halomethyl group, n stands for an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3, and in case n is an integer of 2 or 3 R may be the same or different); a method for the production thereof, and electrophotographic elements using the same or like disazo compounds as the charge carrier generating materials.

Abstract: Azo dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxyethoxy andX denotes acyl,are distinguished by good levelling properties and good allround fastness properties. They dye polyester fibres in a bright blue shade.

Abstract: Triazine-substituted azobenzenesulfonamides useful as preemergent and postemergent herbicides, selected from compounds of Formulae I or II ##STR1## or agriculturally suitable salts thereof, wherein R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and A are as defined herein.

Abstract: A light-sensitive, diazonium group-containing polycondensation product is described which comprises(a) an optionally substituted diphenylamine-dianzonium salt I.(b) a compound corresponding to the formula IIR.sup.4 --O--CH.sub.2 --R.sup.5 (II)whereinR.sup.4 is H, alkyl or acyl, andR.sup.5 is an optionally substituted aromatic radical, and(c) a compound corresponding to the formula IIIR.sup.6 --O--CH.sub.2 --R.sup.8 --CH.sub.2 --O--R.sup.7 (III)whereinR.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are H, alkyl, or acyl andR.sup.8 is the radical of a compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, phenolethers, aromatic thioethers, aromatic heterocyclic compounds, and organic acid amides,with the radicals resulting from compound II being directing linked to the units of the diazonium salt I.In the production of the polycondensation product, I is first condensed with II and then with III.

Abstract: Miticidal 1-(2-alkyl-4-(or 5)-bromo (or (chloro)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-4-alkoxy-4-alkylsemicarbazides.

Abstract: Novel diazonium salts which possess excellent photo speed, good thermal stability, exceptional resistance to discoloration in the D.sub.min areas, rapid development, and allow a wide range of azo dye colors are provided. The diazonium salts are of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is tertiary butyl or tertiary amyl; Y is hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cyanoalkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, aralkoxy, aralkylthio, arylthio, alkylthio, halogen, allyl, allyloxy, allylthio, cyanoalkoxy, hydroxyalkoxy, methoxyalkoxy, trifluoroalkyl, alkylacetylamino, morpholino, or dialkyl carbonamido;R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different, and are alkyl, aralkyl, allyl, cyanoalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydrogen, acyl, cycloalkyl, beta-chloroalkyl, branched alkyl, or a structure wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may be linked together to form a heterocyclic structure; andX is an anion.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition containing a polymer, and a photosensitive material utilizing the composition are disclosed. The polymer, which may be in the form of a copolymer, includes a repeating unit of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Y is a divalent substituent; Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 independently each represents monovalent substituents; p and q are each 0 or an integer of 1 to 4; when p and q are each 2 or more, each of Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 may be the same or different; X.sup..crclbar. is an anion. The composition has high sensitivity and is capable of forming an image on a suitable photographic support without causing fog under incandescent lamps. The composition can be used to produce lithographic printing plates having high sensitivity as well as excellent ware resistance.

Abstract: Miticidal 2-(2-alkyl-4-(or 5)-bromo (or chloro)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-N-alkoxy-N-alkyldiazenecarboxamides.

Abstract: This invention relates to azo dyes which may be unsubstituted or substituted with a variety of groups known to the dye art, and containing diazonium moieties from 2-aminobenzothiazole or 2-aminobenzisothiazole type compounds, and certain coupler moieties from aniline, tetrahydroquinoline, or benzomorpholine compounds, wherein the diazonium moieties have one or two cinnamoyl substituents, and wherein one or more water-solubilizing groups such as a sulfonic acid group or its metal or amine salt may be present as a substituent in the dye molecule for acid dyeing. These dyes are particularly useful in dyeing one or more of polyamide cellulose acetate polyester, wool and other fibers.

Abstract: The coupling of an aminohalobenzeneacetonitrile with a benzene compound in the presence of an alkyl nitrite to form a halobiphenylacetonitrile via a diazo intermediate is improved by conducting the reaction at a temperature of about 0.degree.-15.degree. C. until diazotization of the aminohalobenzeneacetonitrile is substantially complete. Use of the low diazotization temperature leads to an increased yield of halobiphenylacetonitrile.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of aryldiazosulfonates by reacting aqueous solutions of aryldiazonium salts with solutions or suspensions of sulfites, in particular in a manner such that the presence of an excess of one of the two reactants during the reaction is substantially excluded. The process according to the invention makes it possible substantially to increase the yields of aryldiazosulfonates.

Abstract: Trisazo compounds having the following general formula I: ##STR1## are useful as charge carrier generating materials for electrophotographic elements. Multilayer electrophotographic elements having a charge carrier generating layer containing these compounds as charge carrier generators and having a separate charge transport layer containing a charge transport material are particularly excellent in sensitivity in the 780-800 nm wavelength region.