Abstract: The invention relates to agents for coloring keratinic fibers, in particular human hair, including in a cosmetic carrier at least one compound of the formula (I). The structures the of the general formula (I) have a heterocycle A which bears a quaternary nitrogen atom and thus a positive charge. The invention furthermore relates to the use of these novel azo dyes in agents for coloring hair and to the dyes themselves.

Abstract: This invention relates to coloured polymer particles preferably with surface functionality for charge retention, a process for their preparation, the use of these particles for the preparation of an electrophoretic device, colour electrophoretic displays comprising such particle, and new water-soluble dyes.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel group of azo quencher compositions that are useful as quenchers of fluorescence and to methods for making and using them. The quenchers contain an azo bond and 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-methyleneindoline ring system. The quenchers can be derivatized to facilitate their conjugation to a variety of biologically relevant compounds, including lipids, nucleic acids, peptides, proteins, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dyes of the general formula CAT+ Y? (I), where Y? is an anion selected from the group of the cyanoborates, fluoroalkylphosphates, fluoroalkylborates or imidates and CAT+ is a cation selected from the group of the azine, xanthene, polymethine, styryl, azo, tetrazolium, pyrylium, benzopyrylium, thiopyrylium, benzothiopyrylium, thiazine, oxazine, triarylmethane, diarylmethane, methine, acridine, quinoline, isoquinoline or quaternary azafluorenone dyes, for colouring plastics and plastic fibres, for the preparation of flexographic printing inks, as ball-point pen pastes, as stamp ink, for colouring leather and paper, for use in data acquisition systems, reprography, in ink microfilters, in photogalvanics, laser technology and the photo industry.

Abstract: The present invention relates to thiol/disulphide azo quinolinium compounds for dyeing keratin fibres. The invention relates to a dye composition comprising a particular thiol/disulphide azo quinolinium chromophore-containing thiol or disulphide dye, and to a process for dyeing keratin fibres such as the hair, using said composition. It similarly relates to novel particular thiol/disulphide azo quinolinium chromophore-containing dyes and to the uses thereof in dyeing keratin fibres. The dyeing process according to the invention makes it possible to dye keratin fibres without damaging them, in a manner which is particularly persistent with respect to shampooing operations and common attacks. Moreover, the novel dyes according to the invention extend the colour range to violets and blues. This process also makes it possible to dye bleached keratin fibres in a strong and chromatic manner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dyes of the general formula CAT+ Y? (I), where Y? is an anion selected from the group of the cyanoborates, fluoroalkylphosphates, fluoroalkylborates or imidates and CAT+ is a cation selected from the group of the azine, xanthene, polymethine, styryl, azo, tetrazolium, pyrylium, benzopyrylium, thiopyrylium, benzothiopyrylium, thiazine, oxazine, triarylmethane, diarylmethane, methine, acridine, quinoline, isoquinoline or quaternary azafluorenone dyes, for colouring plastics and plastic fibres, for the preparation of flexographic printing inks, as ball-point pen pastes, as stamp ink, for colouring leather and paper, for use in data acquisition systems, reprography, in ink microfilters, in photogalvanics, laser technology and the photo industry.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display has a first substrate plate and a second substrate plate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the plates. A polarizing coating, having molecules of one or more organic dyes capable of forming a lyotropic liquid crystalline phase, is formed overlying a selected surface of each plate. Orientation of the polarizing coating is obtained by applying a force to the dye molecules when in the liquid crystal phase and subsequently converting the liquid crystal phase to a solid film.

Abstract: The present invention provides dyes of formula I-XXXIV, described in detail below, and dichroic light polarizers based on the dyes. In the dichroic light polarizers of this invention the dye molecules are aggregated into particles oriented in a predetermined direction on a surface of a substrate to enable the dye to polarize light transmitted through the dye. In another embodiment, a dichroic light polarizer includes a molecularly oriented layer of an organic dye on a surface of a substrate. The layer has a non-periodic arrangement of different polarizing elements. Each of the polarizing elements have differing orientations of the polarization vector in the substrate plane and/or differing colors. The dichroic light polarizer may contain one or more additional dye layers and may have a transparent layer intermediate to the dye layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are dyes having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or chlorine,R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,R.sub.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,R.sub.5 is hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl, andAn.sup..crclbar. is an anion, in which R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are not both ethyl at the same time, compositions containing the dyes and methods of using and preparing the dyes. The dyes are especially useful for dyeing polyacrylonitrile.

Abstract: The cationic or basic aminobenzothiazole dyes disclosed herein are particularly suitable for dyeing paper.Paper is dyed with these dyes in blue or violet shades of good fastness properties.

Abstract: Colorants and compositions useful as a fugitive or permanent colorant for a variety of substrates, or as intermediates for their manufacture, and having one or more improved properties of enhanced aqueous washability, compatibility with and non-extractibility from thermoplastic resins, or reactivity with resins having reactive functionality, said composition having the formula C(Z).sub.

Abstract: The present invention provides primary hydroxyl enhanced colorants having markedly improved reactivities in e.g., polyurethane foams for imparting permanent coloring thereto, the colorants having the formulaC--(Z).sub.1-4are provided wherein C is an azo, methine, or azamethine chromogen and Z is a poly(oxyalkylene) moiety comprised of (1) at least two (A) units independently selected from those of the formulae--CH.sub.2 CH(O--T)CH.sub.2 O-- or --CH.sub.2 CH(O--T)CH.sub.2 O--Tand (2) from none to about 200 (B) units of the formula (--RO--) wherein R is straight or branched chain hydrocarbon of 2-4 carbons, T is a moiety of the formula--CH.sub.2 CH(R.sub.1)--O--(RO).sub.0-40 --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OHwherein R.sub.1 is selected from unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, aryl, alkenyloxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl or aryloxyalkyl, and wherein the A units comprise at least 0.5 percent of the total A+B units.

Abstract: Quaternized azo dyes whose diazo components are derived from a five-membered nitrogen-containing aromatic aminoheterocycle and whose coupling components are derived from the aniline series are prepared by reacting to corresponding neutral dye-bases with an alkylating agent in .gamma.-butyrolactone as inert diluent.

Abstract: Basic dyes of the formulaChr.sup..sym.[FeCl.sub.4 ].sup..crclbar.where Chr.sup.a is a dye cation are useful for dyeing acrylonitrile polymers or acid-modified polyesters.

Abstract: Novel cationic azo compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylene, R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, R.sub.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, acylamino or halogen, R.sub.5 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 - alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or halogen, one or more or R.sub.5 independently of each other being present on the ring to which R.sub.5 is attached, and A is an anion. Also provided is the production, and the use of these novel compounds as dyes for dyeing and/or printing, especially polyacrylonitrile materials, neutral blue dyeings having in particular good fastness to light being obtained.

Abstract: There are provided compounds which give quasi-liquid crystals, which comprise a mesogenic group, which can contain bridging groups, a bridging group and a spiropyran moiety having a 2H pyran ring, a terminal group being attached to the mesogenic group. The mesogenic group contains two aromatic, heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring structures. The compounds are prepared by a coupling reaction of mesogenic groups with a spiropyran compound via a suitable bridging group. There is provided a process for producing quasi-liquid crystalline (QLC) films which are useful for producing a wide variety of devices based on the optical non-linearity of generation of second harmonics by such films. Such devices can also be based on ferroelectric, pyroelectric, piezoelectric effects and photoactivity of such oriented QLC films.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous process for the preparation of cationic azo or hydrazone dyes from heterocyclic diazo components and coupling components. The diazo component is diazotised in water and an acid, the diazo solution is coupled with the coupling component and continuously alkylated, preferably using sufficient acid that, after the alkylation, a two-phase system forms, consisting of an aqueous solution which is substantially free from dye and a highly concentrated oil phase or solid dye.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel 1,2,3-thiadiazole-axo compounds of formula ##STR1## wherein R is unsubstituted or substituted alkyl or alkenyl,R.sub.1 is hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted alkyl or alkenyl,R.sub.2 is hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl, orR.sub.1 and R.sub.2, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, are a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring which may contain one or two additional hetero atoms as ring members and/or may be substituted, or R.sub.1 together with R.sub.3 ortho to the amino group form a partially hydrogenated, unsubstituted or substituted 5-or 6-membered heterocyclic ring which may contain an additional N or O atom as ring member,R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently of the other hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkanoylamino or halogen,R.sub.5 is hydrogen or together with R.sub.4 in ortho-position forms the member which completes a fused benzene ring,R.sub.7 is hydrogen, optionally substituted phenyl or alkyl, andX.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the cytology of blood, bone marrow and lymph node cells and the method of differentiating, identifying and enumerating said cells among a plurality of cells of hematopoietic origin. More specifically, the invention is directed to the use of a single cationic sulfur-containing azo dye in solution capable of staining said cells in a fixative. The dye is a water soluble quaternary azo dye identified in the Color Index as Basic Blue 41 capable of staining a plurality of cells including malignant cells of hematopoietic origin wherein the stained cells acquire individual color characteristics permitting the differentiation, identification and enumeration of each stained cell. The stained cells obtained by the process of this invention have individual color characteristics which permit the identification and differentiation by use of various instruments including, for example, an image analyzer, microscope, photomicroscope, and the like.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein each of R and R.sub.1 is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl substituted by 1 to 3 C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy or halo substitutents orR and R.sub.1 taken together are trimethylene or tetramethylene,each of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is independently allyl, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, phenyl (C.sub.1-4 alkyl) or C.sub.2-4 alkyl monosubstituted by hydroxy, cyano or carbamoyl, ##STR2## wherein R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are as defined in the specification, andA.sup..crclbar. is an anion, and mixtures thereof with cationic 5-hydroxypyrazole dyes, are useful for dyeing and printing materials dyeable with basic dyes, e.g., homopolymers and copolymers of acrylonitrile and asymmetrical dicyanoethylene, polyamides and polyesters modified to contain acidic groups, leather and paper.

Abstract: Chlorozincate salts of benzothiazonium azo compounds are prepared by reacting benzothiazolium azo compounds with an dialkylsulfate having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl radicals, which process comprises carrying out the reaction in an aqueous medium at a temperature of from 10.degree. to 80.degree. C. in the presence of an acid acceptor and the alkylation with the use of from 1.8 to 2.5 mols of the dialkylsulfate, calculated on the starting azo dyestuff, at a pH not exceeding 7. The prepared benzothiazolium azo compound is precipitated as chlorozincate salt, especially with the use of an alkali metal chloride. According to this process, the chlorozincate salts are obtained in higher purity. A perceptible decomposition of the benzothiazolium azo compound does not occur. Chemicals, for example the alkylation agent and acid-binding agents need be used in a small quantity.

Abstract: Described is a process for the production of substantially dustless water-soluble dye or optical brightener compositions, which process comprises mixing a dry, solid inorganic salt, heated to at least 50.degree. C., with a mixture of at least one dye or optical brightener, an adhesive as e.g. sorbitol, a dust binding surface active agent and further additives. Such compositions are negligibly dusty to dustfree, and retain these properties even after storage for months, particularly in the case where spray-dried material is used.