Abstract: Wurster's crown ligands comprise a macrocyclic ligand such as a crown ether in which a hetero atom is substituted with a 1,4-phenylenediamine group. The phenylenediamine group is covalently bound to the macrocyclic ligand by one or both of the amine nitrogens, the amine nitrogen thereby substituting for the hetero atom of the macrocyclic ligand. The resulting compounds are redox active. Methods of making and using the compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: Quaternary polycyclic polyammonium salts of the general formula and a process for their preparation are claimed, where A1, A2, A3, A4, R1, R2, X and Y have the meanings mentioned in the description.

Abstract: Texaphyrin/chemotherapeutic drug conjugates, optionally including a platinum(II) or platinum(IV) metal chelating site and/or complex, are useful for treating atheroma, tumors and other neoplastic tissue, neovascular-related diseases, as well as other conditions that are typically responsive to chemotherapy, radiation sensitization and photodynamic therapy.

Abstract: Novel macrocyclic compounds are constructed to include a ring or ring system having two bridgehead atoms with a bridge extending between the bridgehead atoms. Located in at least the bridge are two or more nitrogenous moieties that are derivatized with chemical functional groups. The ring or ring systems can include further nitrogenous moieties, either as ring atoms or on pendant groups attached to the ring. These can also be derivatized with chemical functional groups. The totality of the chemical functional groups imparts certain conformational and other properties to the compounds. In accordance with certain embodiments of the invention, libraries of such compounds are prepared utilizing permutations and combinations of the chemical functional groups and the nitrogenous moieties to build complexity into the library.

Abstract: Novel chemical compounds and mixtures of same are provided having antibacterial and other utilities. The mixtures preferably are formed by reacting a cyclic scaffold moiety with a set of chemical substituients. Libraries formed in accordance with the invention have utility per se and are articles of commerce. They can be used to screen for pesticides, drugs and other biologically active compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing acid amides by reacting an acid with an aliphatic amine in molten urea. This invention also concerns a process for metalating compounds which can be bonded to a metal ion by reacting the compound with a metal ion in molten urea. Furthermore, the invention deals with the thus obtained products and their use for the therapy and/or diagnosis of tumors or inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to new calixarenes of formula: ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents a crown ether chain that includes at least two aryl or cycloalkyl rings,R.sup.2 is a hydroxyl or alkoxy group, or the two R.sup.2 groups together form a crown ether chain such as R.sup.1, and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. The calixarenes are used to selectively extract caesium from aqueous solutions that notably have high concentrations of sodium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound of the following general formula [I] or a medicinally acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano, or halogen; R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, hydroxy, or halogen; R.sup.3 represents hydrogen, alkyl, or amidino; Ring A represents a 5 to 11-membered cyclic amino group which may be substituted, which cyclic amino group may be bridged between two carbon atoms in optional positions. The compound of this invention is useful for the prevention or treatment of cerebral tissue impairment due to the vasospasm following cerebral hemorrhage.

Abstract: What is claimed is a process for preparing macropolycyclic polyamines of the formula ##STR1## where A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3 and A.sup.4 are as defined in the description. These compounds are prepared by a novel improved process by reacting a cyclic amine of the formula ##STR2## with a compound of the formula X--A.sup.2 --Y or X--A.sup.3 --Y where A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3 and A.sup.4 are as defined in the description and X and Y are a leaving group.

Abstract: The invention relates to new porphyrin complex compounds, pharmaceutical agents that contain the latter, and the use of porphyrin complexes for the production of agents for photodynamic therapy and MRI diagnosis.

Abstract: Novel macrocyclic compounds are constructed to include large cyclic structures that are interrupted by at least one ring system. Each interrupting ring system includes two bridgehead atoms. Bridgehead atoms are bonded to one or more bridges that interconnect one or more ring systems thereby forming a large cyclic structure. Located in each bridge are two or more nitrogenous moieties that are derivatized with chemical functional groups. The ring systems can include further nitrogenous moieties, either as ring atoms or on pendant groups attached to the ring. These can also be derivatized with chemical functional groups. The totality of the chemical functional groups imparts certain conformational and other properties to the macrocyclic compounds. In accordance with certain embodiments of the invention, libraries of such macrocyclic compounds are prepared utilizing permutations and combinations of the chemical functional groups and the nitrogenous moieties to build complexity into the library.

Abstract: The present invention provides for novel therapeutic macrocycle compounds useful in photodynamic therapy that are based on the chlorin ring system. The macrocycle compounds have, in many cases, wavelengths of activation at about 670 nm, characteristics of chlorins, and are stabilized against oxidation by the attachment to the chlorin ring of a structure that comprises one or more exocyclic rings that contribute at least one nitrogen atom. Protonation or covalent modification of this nitrogen atom, or other covalent modification of the one or more exocyclic rings permits optimization of pharmacalogically relevant properties including, for example, solubility.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of radiation sensitizers and the use of texaphyrins for radiation sensitization and other conditions for which X-ray radiation has proven to be therapeutic.

Abstract: This invention provides novel bis-indolemaleimide macrocycle derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, X, W, and Y are as defined in the specification. The invention further provides the preparation, pharmaceutical formulations and the methods of use for inhibiting Protein Kinase C in mammals.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of complexes of macrocyclic chelants with paramagnetic metal trivalent ions of formula (XII) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and Me.sup.3+ are as described in the following, comprising: a) reaction of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane with triethyl orthoformate to give 5H,9bH-2a,4a,7,9a-octahydrotetraazacycloocta[cd]pentalene; b) carboxymethylation reaction in water; c) hydrolysis reaction in basic conditions; d) alkylation according to known methods with an epoxide in water; e) complexation according to known methods carried out in water by addition of a paramagnetic metal salt; f) purification by diafiltration, final desalting of the aqueous solution on ion exchange resins and g) crystallization or recovery.

Abstract: A method for producing aryl alkyl hydroperoxides which comprises selectively oxidizing an aryl alkyl hydrocarbon having the formula: ##STR1## wherein P and Q are hydrogen or an alkyl and may be the same or different from each other; x is an integer of 1-3; and Ar is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having a valence of x, with an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a transition metal complex which contains, as a ligand, a cyclic polyfunctional amine compound having at least three nitrogen atoms in the ring forming molecular chain or an open chain polyfunctional amine compound having at least three nitrogen atoms in the main chain of the molecule.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the novel compound, 1,4,7,10-tetraazabicyclo[8.2.2]tetradecan-2-one of formula (I), its preparation and the use thereof for the preparation of tetraazamacrocycles and the mono and diacetic acid derivatives.

Abstract: Texaphyrin metal complex-oligonucleotide and -oligonucleotide analog conjugates are provided where the texaphyrin is bound to an internal linkage of the oligonucleotide or oligonucleotide analog, the conjugates having catalytic activity for the hydrolysis of ribonucleic acid. Further, conjugates demonstrating catalytic turnover are described, the conjugates being especially effective under conditions where the concentration of RNA target exceeds that of available conjugate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the novel compound, 1,4,7,10-tetraazabicyclo[8.2.2]tetradecan-2-one of formula (I), its preparation and the use thereof for the preparation of tetraazamacrocycles.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of tetraazamacro-cycles of general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein n, p and q can independently be 0 or 1, comprising the following steps:a): condensation of polyamines with a glyoxal derivative;b): condensation of the resulting compound with an alkylating agent;c): oxidation of the resulting compound with an oxidizing agent, to give a mixture of oxidated products which is submitted tod): hydrolysis in acid aqueous solution, to give the compound of formula (I).

Abstract: A broad class of photosensitive compounds having enhanced in vivo target tissue selectivity and versatility in photodynamic therapy. Many furocoumarin compounds, such as psoralens, exhibit cytostatic activity when photoactivated but exhibit little in vivo specificity for selectively accumulating in any particular target tissue such as atheromatous plaques. Reactive Oxygen Producing Photosensitizers ("ROPPs") are photoactivatable compounds having an affinity for hyperproliferating cells (such as atheromatous plaque cells), which when photoactivated, produce cytotoxic reaction products. The photoactivity of a ROPP, such as a porphyrin, may be reduced by metalating the porphyrin while the selective affinity of the metalized ROPP for hyperproliferating tissue remains substantially unchanged.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound having the general Formula I in which one of the groups R.sub.1,R.sub.2,R.sub.3,R.sub.4,R.sub.5,R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 represents an ionophoric moiety and the remaining groups each independently are hydrogen, a lipophilic or hydrophilic group or a reactive group for coupling to a polymer or a biomolecule, or R.sub.2 forms an aromatic ring system together with R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 forms an aromatic ring system together with R.sub.6.the compound of the invention is useful as a luminescence indicator for cations.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for synthesizing water soluble hydroxy-substituted texaphyrins retaining lipophilicity. The synthesis comprises condensing a diformyltripyrrole with an ortho-phenylenediamine to give a nonaromatic texaphyrin having at least one hydroxy substituent, and oxidizing the condensation product to form an aromatic texaphyrin metal complex having at least one hydroxy substituent. These expanded porphyrin-like macrocycles may be used for magnetic resonance imaging and for photodynamic therapy in the treatment of atheroma and tumors.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the reaction of optionally substituted indole-3-acetamides with optionally substituted methyl indole-3-glyoxyl reagent to prepare potent PKC inhibitors. The reaction is a very efficient and robust macrocyclization methodology.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the novel compound, 1,4,7,10-tetraazabicyclo[8.2.2]tetradecan-2-one of formula (I), its preparation and the use thereof for the preparation of tetraazamacrocycles.

Abstract: Texaphyrins substituted with imidazda are provided.

Abstract: Compounds having the generic formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently alkyl of 3 through about 10 carbon atoms; provided that, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together contain at least six carbon atoms. The compounds have utility in photodynamic therapy in treatment of tumors and other diseases. The invention includes a method of treatment by contacting a tumor with the compound and then exposing the tumor to light.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the reaction of optionally substituted indole-3-acetamides with optionally substituted methyl indole-3-glyoxyl reagent to prepare potent PKC inhibitors.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel halo-substituted bis-indolemaleimide compounds of the formula: ##STR1## The invention further provides a method of preparing the disclosed compounds and the preparation of pharmaceutical formulation for use in inhibiting Protein Kinase C in mammals.

Abstract: Fluorescent dyes which are free of aggregation and serum binding are provided. These dyes are suitable for applications such as fluorescence immunoassays, in vivo imaging and in vivo tumor therapy.

Abstract: A process for preparing a N,N'-difluorodiazoniabicycloalkane salt of the formula: ##STR1## by reacting a corresponding diazabicycloalkane or diazabicycloalkane Br.o slashed.nsted acid salt and fluorine in the presence of a Br.o slashed.nsted acid or in the presene or absence of a base, by reacting a corresponding N,N'-difluorodiazoniabicycloalkane salt and an acid or salt, by reacting a corresponding diazabicycloalkane and fluorine in the presence of a Br.o slashed.nsted acid and then reacting an intermediate product and an acid or salt, or by reacting a corresponding diazabicycloalkane Br.o slashed.nsted acid salt and fluorine in the presence or absence of a base and then reacting an intermediate product and an acid or salt.

Abstract: A method has been developed which utilizes a metal-2,4-dicarbonyl complex as an organic solvent soluble metal ion source in the metallation of polyazamacrocycles including porphyrins, expanded porphyrins and porphyrinoid compounds. Use of a metal ion source which is soluble in the metallation reaction medium produces significantly higher yields of a measurably purer product than is achieved using an insoluble or only sparingly soluble metal salt as in the prior art. Additionally, because the metallation can be performed in relatively concentrated mixtures, the reaction times are dramatically shorter and the amount of waste produced is less than when simple metal salts serve as the metal ion source. Further, use of the soluble metal-2,4-dicarbonyl complex simplifies the purification protocol required for the metallated expanded porphyrin.

Abstract: A compound of Formula I: ##STR1## wherein: Q represents identical alkyl groups, cycloalkyl groups having from 5 to 7 ring atoms, or aryl or heteroaryl groups having from 5 to 12 ring atoms andR represents identical hydrogen, alkyl, alcohol or carbonyl-containing groups;or a composition containing from 5 to 100 mole % by weight of the compound of Formula I. A novel method for synthesizing the compound of Formula I comprises the steps of: (a) reacting a compound of the formula:Q--CHO or Q--CH(OS)(OS')wherein Q is as defined above andS and S' are independently lower alkyl, an aryl group containing from 5 to 14 ring atoms, and --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- where n=2-4, with an excess amount of a pyrrole in the presence of a catalytic amount of a strong Lewis or Bronsted acid;(b) removing any unreacted pyrrole or other solvents used by evaporation;(c) removing polymeric materials and removing the corresponding dipyrromethane by-product, leaving the compound of Formula I.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to low molecular weight mimics of superoxide dismutase (SOD) represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R, R', R.sub.1, R'.sub.1, R.sub.2, R'.sub.2, R.sub.3, R'.sub.3, R.sub.4, R'.sub.4, R.sub.5, R'.sub.5, R.sub.6, R'.sub.6, R.sub.7, R'.sub.7, R.sub.8, R'.sub.8, R.sub.9, and R'.sub.9 and X, Y, Z and n are as defined herein, useful as therapeutic agents for inflammatory disease states and disorders, ischemic/reperfusion injury, stroke, atherosclerosis, hypertension and all other conditions of oxidant-induced tissue damage or injury.

Abstract: Compounds having utility as light absorbing compounds, especially in the area of photodynamic therapy. Such compounds have the formula: ##STR1## where z is .dbd.O or NR.sub.14 ; R.sub.14 is alkyl or substituted alkyl; R.sub.1 is an amino acid group, a polyamine group, a polyether group or OR.sub.13 where R.sub.13 is alkyl; R.sub.4 through R.sub.11 are --H, --OH alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkylene, aryl, or aryloxy, or a carbonyl containing group, wherein carbon containing groups may be substituted with carbonyl, hydroxy, phosphoro, carboxy, halo, sulfo, amino and ether substituents, provided that; R.sub.4 may be taken together with R.sub.7 to form .dbd.O; R.sub.8 may be taken together with R.sub.9 to form .dbd.O; R.sub.10 may be taken together with R.sub.11 to form .dbd.O; and R.sub.4 and R.sub.7 may together form a chemical bond and R.sub.8 and R.sub.11 may together form a chemical bond; and R.sub.12 is hydrogen or lower alkyl; provided that if one z is O, the other z is --NR.sub.14.

Abstract: The invention is directed to phosphoramidite derivatives of macrocycles, such as porphyrins and expanded porphyrins, including sapphyrins and texaphyrins. The phosphoramidite derivatives are useful as intermediates in the preparation of macrocycle-oligonucleotide conjugates.

Abstract: Macrocycle compounds of precise molecular geometry are disclosed and claimed, useful for a variety of purposes including membranes, molecular recognition and any other purpose where specific molecular macrogeometry is important. Most preferably, the macrocycles are of the imide class, formed by way of reactions of diamines with .alpha.-anhydride, .omega.-nitro compounds, followed by cyclization with an acid chloride.

Abstract: A .beta.,.beta.'-dihydroxy meso-substituted chlorin, bacteriochlorin or isobacteriochlorin compound having the formula (I) or (II): ##STR1## wherein M is a metal. A novel method for synthesizing the compound of formula (I) or (II) comprises the steps of:a. osmylating a .beta...beta.'-unsubstituted, meso-substituted porphyrin to form an osmate ester at the .beta.,.beta.'-position, andb. reducing the osmate ester to form the corresponding .beta.,.beta.'-dihydroxy meso-substituted chlorin, bacteriochlorin or isobacteriochlorin of formula (I) or (II).

Abstract: This invention provides novel bis-indolemaleimide macrocycle derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, X, W, and Y are as defined in the specification. The invention further provides the preparation, pharmaceutical formulations and the methods of use for inhibiting Protein Kinase C in mammals.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of polymer- and other matrix-supported sapphyrins. Disclosed are silica gel, glass, resin and other polymer- and matrix-supported sapphyrins and sapphyrin-containing chromatographic and electrophoretic supports.

Abstract: A compound of Formula I: ##STR1## wherein: Q represents identical alkyl groups, cycloalkyl groups having from 5 to 7 ring atoms, or aryl or heteroaryl groups having from 5 to 12 ring atoms andR represents identical hydrogen, alkyl, alcohol or carbonyl-containing groups;or a composition containing from 5 to 100 mole % by weight of the compound of Formula I. A novel method for synthesizing the compound of Formula I comprises the steps of:(a) reacting a compound of the formula:Q--CHO or Q--CH(OS)(OS')wherein Q is as defined above and S and S' are independently lower alkyl, an aryl group containing from 5 to 14 ring atoms, and --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- where n=2-4, with an excess amount of a pyrrole in the presence of a catalytic amount of a strong Lewis or Bronsted acid;(b) removing any unreacted pyrrole or other solvents used by evaporation;(c) removing polymeric materials and removing the corresponding dipyrromethane by-product, leaving the compound of Formula I.

Abstract: Texaphyrins are provided for use as radiation sensitizers. Advantageous properties of texaphyrins for use as a radiation sensitizer include: i) a low redox potential which allows radiation-induced hydrated electrons to flow to texaphyrin rather than neutralizing hydroxyl radicals, allowing hydroxyl radicals to cause cellular damage, ii) a relatively stable texaphyrin radical that reacts readily to covalently modify neighboring molecules causing further cellular damage, iii) intrinsic biolocalization, and iv) indifference to the presence or absence of O.sub.2. These properties allow texaphyrins to be particularly effective for treating the hypoxic areas of solid neoplasms. Methods of treatment for an individual having a neoplasm or atheroma include the use of a texaphyrin as a radiation sensitizer and as an agent for photodynamic tumor therapy, or the use of a texaphyrin for internal and for external ionizing radiation. Novel texaphyrins are provided.

Abstract: A method for preparing functionalized derivatives of organic or inorganic compounds and tetrapyrrolic compounds in particular, all of which compounds have at least one sulfonic acid group, by first preparing a sulfonyl halide intermediate of the compound then reacting the intermediate with a second compound having a reactive hydroxyl or amine group to yield the desired sulfonylamide or sulfonic esters thereof. The method may be used to produce a variety of photosensitive compounds having different functionality. For example, sulfonamide or sulfonic ester reaction products of the tetrapyrrolic compounds or other photosensitive organic molecules may exhibit an enhanced ability to localize at a particular target site for phototherapy.

Abstract: A novel 5,15-diarylbenzochlorin-7-one compound having the formula (I) or (II): ##STR1## wherein M is a metal. A novel method for synthesizing the compound of formula (I) comprises the steps of:a. cyclizing a meso-(formylvinyl) 5,15-diarylporphyrin to form a cyclization reaction mixture, andb. oxidizing said reaction mixture to form the 5,15-diarylbenzochlorin-7-one of formula (I).A novel method for synthesizing the compound of formula (II) comprises the cyclizing and oxidizing steps listed above and, either prior to or after the oxidizing step, adding the step of demetallating the compound.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of an imide derivative of purpurin by reacting hexylamine with a chlorin or bacteriochlorin having a macrocycle with a six-membered anhydride ring fused thereto, said macrocycle containing a and b rings which may be saturated or unsaturated at R.sub.4 to R.sub.11 positions of the rings and which R.sub.4 and R.sub.11, positions may contain at least one group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, formyl, substituted and unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, aryl and aryloxy wherein carbon containing groups may be substituted with a substituent selected from, hydroxy, phosphoro, carboxy, halo, sulfo, amino and ether, to obtain a purpurin derivative; and reacting the purpurin derivative with a carbodiimide to obtain the imide derivative of purpurin. The invention further includes novel imides made by the method.

Abstract: Novel texaphyrin compounds having improved functionalization are described. Metal complexes of these compounds are active as photosensitizers for the generation of singlet oxygen and thus are potentially useful for treatments performed with singlet oxygen. Several of the metallotexaphyrin complexes absorb light in the physiologically important range of 690-880 nm. The complexes form long-lived triplet states and thus may act as efficient photosensitizers for generation of singlet oxygen.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a novel compound of formula ##STR1## in which R is a hydroxyl, alkyloxy, phenylalkyloxy or --NH--CH.sub.2 --COOH radical, R' and R" are identical and are each a hydroxy or methoxy radical and R'" represents a hydrogen, bromine, chlorine or iodine atom or a nitro radical. The invention is also directed to the salts of said compounds and their use.

Abstract: The present invention provides various novel covalently modified sapphyrin derivatives and conjugates; polymers including sapphyrin or derivatives thereof; and chromatographic supports including sapphyrins and other expanded porphyrins and derivatives thereof. Disclosed are water soluble sapphyrins, including polyhydroxysapphyrins and sapphyrin-sugar derivatives; sapphyrin-metal chelating conjugates; sapphyrin nucleobase conjugates; oligosapphyrins and polysapphyrins, including sapphyrin dimers, trimers, oligomers and higher polymers; and polymer supported expanded porphyrin compositions, including advantageous rubyrin- and sapphyrin-based chromatography columns and electrophoretic supports. Sapphyrin oligomers and polymers and polymer supported expanded porphyrins, such as, e.g.

Abstract: Purified imines of porphyrins, chlorins, bateriochlorins, chlorophylls, bacteriochlorophylls, purpurins, reduced purpurins, verdins, Diels Alder adducts, benzochlorins and metal complexes of the foregoing imines are disclosed. The formulas of the benzochlorinimines and of the benzochlorinimine metal complexes are set forth below: ##STR1## In specific examples, M in the metal complexes is a copper cation that is complexed with two of the nitrogens of the benzochlorinimine R' and R"" are methyl, and R1 through R8 are ethyl.

Abstract: DC107 derivatives represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## or pharmacologically acceptable slats thereof, ?wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen, lower alkoxyalkyl, aralkyloxyalkyl, lower alkoxyalkoxyalkyl, lower alkoxyalkoxyalkoxyalkyl, aralkyl, tetrahydropyranyl, COR.sup.4 or the like; R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or COR.sup.5 ; R.sup.3 represents lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aralkyl which may be substituted with substituted or unsubstituted aryl, lower alkoxyalkyl, aralkyloxyalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryloxyalkyl, lower alkoxycarbonylalkyl, lower alkanoyloxyalkyl, alicyclic alkanoyloxyalkyl or the like, or bonds to Y to represent a single bond; Y bonds to R.sup.3 to represent a single bond, or bonds to Z to represent a single bond; Z represents hydrogen or bonds to Y to represent a single bond; W represents oxygen or NR.sup.6, with the proviso that the compound wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and Z each represents hydrogen, R.sup.3 bonds to Y to represent a single bond, and W represents oxygen (DC107) is excluded.