Abstract: A purified cyclohexanol of the present invention has a methylcyclopentanol concentration of 10 to 1000 ppm by weight and a cyclohexylcyclohexene isomer concentration of 15 to 500 ppm by weight. A method for producing cyclohexanol of the present invention comprises: Step 1 of producing a solution (I) containing cyclohexanol, methylcyclopentanol, and water by a hydration reaction of cyclohexene; Step 2 of separating the solution (I) into a water phase and an oil phase; Step 3 of obtaining a partially purified cyclohexanol containing methylcyclopentanol from the oil phase; and Step 4 of separating and removing methylcyclopentanol in the partially purified cyclohexanol so as to obtain a purified cyclohexanol having a methylcyclopentanol concentration of 10 to 1000 ppm by weight and a cyclohexylcyclohexene isomer concentration of 15 to 500 ppm by weight.

Abstract: Metal-accumulating plants for preparing compositions including a metal catalyst derived from the plants. The composition is substantially devoid of organic matter. Also, carrying out chemical reactions with the compositions prepared from metal-accumulating plants.

Abstract: In a process for oxidizing a feed comprising cyclohexylbenzene, the feed is contacted with oxygen and an oxidation catalyst in a plurality of reaction zones connected in series, the contacting being conducted under conditions being effective to oxidize part of the cyclohexylbenzene in the feed to cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide in each reaction zone. At least one of the plurality of reaction zones has a reaction condition that is different from another of the plurality of reaction zones. The different reaction conditions may include one or more of (a) a progressively decreasing temperature and (b) a progressively increasing oxidation catalyst concentration as the feed flows from one reaction zone to subsequent reaction zones in the series.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for separating an amide from an amino acid ionic liquid. The method includes the step of providing a polar solvent and an extracting agent to the amino acid ionic liquid, so as to separate the amide from the amino acid ionic liquid. In the method of the present invention, there is no need to add ammonium for neutralization, such that no byproduct, ammonium sulfate, is formed. In addition, after the amide is separated from the amino acid ionic liquid, the amino acid ionic liquid can be recycled.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing amides, in which an amino acid ionic liquid is used as both a reaction medium and a catalyst to catalyze Beckman rearrangement of a ketoxime, so as to produce an amide. In the method, the rearrangement is conducted by catalyzing a ketoxime with an amino acid ionic liquid having the asymmetric property at a moderate reaction temperature during a short reaction time, so as to produce an amide without adding other catalysts such as concentrate sulfuric acid. The method has advantages such as avoiding corrosion in equipments with pipelines, the high conversion rate of ketoximes and the high selectivity of amides.

Abstract: In a process for oxidizing a hydrocarbon to a product comprising at least one of the corresponding hydroperoxide, alcohol, ketone, carboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid, the hydrocarbon is contacted with an oxygen-containing compound in at least one oxidation zone in the presence of a catalyst comprising a cyclic imide having an imide group of formula (I): wherein X represents an oxygen atom, a hydroxyl group, or an acyloxy group and wherein the oxygen-containing compound supplied to said at least one oxidation zone has a water content of less than or equal to 0.6% by weight of the oxygen-containing compound.

Abstract: In a process for producing a cycloalkylaromatic compound, an aromatic compound, hydrogen and at least one diluent are supplied to a hydroalkylation reaction zone, such that the weight ratio of the diluent to the aromatic compound supplied to the hydroalkylation reaction zone is at least 1:100. The aromatic compound, hydrogen and the at least one diluent are then contacted under hydroalkylation conditions with a hydroalkylation catalyst in the hydroalkylation reaction zone to produce an effluent comprising a cycloalkylaromatic compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst composition for preparing an amide, including an amino acid ionic liquid having a cation of formula (I) and an anion selected from the group consisting of an inorganic acid group, an organic acid group and a combination thereof, wherein the numbers of the anion and the cation are such that the amino acid ionic liquid is electroneutral; and a Bronsted acid. The present invention also provides a method for preparing an amide in the presence of the catalyst composition, and the method has advantages such as decreasing viscosity of ionic liquid, and increasing conversion rate of ketoximes and selectivity of amides.

Abstract: In a process for oxidizing a hydrocarbon to a corresponding hydroperoxide, alcohol, ketone, carboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid, the hydrocarbon is contacted with an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst comprising a cyclic imide of the general formula (I): wherein each of R1 and R2 is independently selected from hydrocarbyl and substituted hydrocarbyl radicals having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or from the groups SO3H, NH2, OH and NO2, or from the atoms H, F, Cl, Br and I provided that R1 and R2 can be linked to one another via a covalent bond; each of Q1 and Q2 is independently selected from C, CH, N and CR3; each of X and Z is independently selected from C, S, CH2, N, P and an element of Group 4 of the Periodic Table; Y is O or OH; k is 0, 1, or 2; 1 is 0, 1, or 2; m is 1 to 3, and R3 can be any of the entities listed for R1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing amides, in which an amino acid ionic liquid is used as both a reaction medium and a catalyst to catalyze Beckman rearrangement of a ketoxime, so as to produce an amide. In the method, the rearrangement is conducted by catalyzing a ketoxime with an amino acid ionic liquid having the asymmetric property at a moderate reaction temperature during a short reaction time, so as to produce an amide without adding other catalysts such as concentrate sulfuric acid. The method has advantages such as avoiding corrosion in equipments with pipelines, the high conversion rate of ketoximes and the high selectivity of amides.

Abstract: A process for preparing N-alkenyl compounds by reacting the corresponding NH compounds with alkynes in the liquid phase in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of at least one stabilizer, and the use of stabilizers for increasing the selectivity in a process for preparing N-alkenyl compounds by reacting the corresponding NH compounds with alkynes in the liquid phase in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: A method for producing a lactam, which comprises subjecting an alicyclic primary amine to an oxidation reaction in the presence of a catalyst comprising a silicon oxide, to thereby obtain a lactam. A catalyst comprising a silicon oxide which is for use in the above-mentioned method.

Abstract: A method for producing a lactam, which comprises subjecting an alicyclic primary amine to an oxidation reaction in the presence of a catalyst comprising a silicon oxide, to thereby obtain a lactam. A catalyst comprising a silicon oxide which is for use in the above-mentioned method.

Abstract: A process of producing an aliphatic aldehyde-acid (e.g., adipaldehyde-acid) and/or an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid (e.g., adipic acid) comprising oxidizing a cyclic ketone (e.g., cyclohexanone) with molecular oxygen in the presence of a fixed catalyst which comprises a composite of a carrier and at least one metal element belonging to the groups 4 to 11 of the Periodic Table supported on the carrier and has an acid amount of 0.06 mmol/g or more per unit weight of the carrier.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the cyclizing hydrolysis of an aminonitrile compound into a lactam in the presence of a catalyst. The invention relates more particularly to a process for the cyclizing hydrolysis of an aminonitrile compound in the presence of a macroporous particulate catalyst obtained by deposition/impregnation of an oxygenated compound onto a macroporous support such as alumina. The invention applies in particular to the preparation of &egr;-caprolactam by cyclizing hydrolysis of aminocapronitrile.

Abstract: N-Alkoxymethylactams are obtained by reacting lactams with formaldehyde and hydroxyl-containing compounds selected from diol monoethers. The substituted lactams are useful as an additive to melamne impregnating resings.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing a high purity caprolactam which comprises converting cyclohexene obtained by the partial hydrogenation of benzene into cyclohexanol through hydration, converting the cyclohexanol into cyclohexanone through dehydrogenation, converting the cyclohexanone into cyclohexanone oxime through oximation and converting the cyclohexanone oxime into caprolactam through the Beckman rearrangement, characterized by comprising isolating and purifying the methylcyclopentanol from the cyclohexanol prior to use of such cyclohexanol in dehydrogenation and feeding the isolated methylcyclopentanol directly to oximation in order that the methylcyclopentanol is not fed to dehydrogenation. The process of the invention advantageously provides an economic method for producing a caprolactam with greater purity.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel indole derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein A represents a --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, --CH.dbd.CH--, ##STR2## group and B represents a methylene, carbonyl, or thiocarbonyl group or A represents a --CO--CO-- or ##STR3## group and B represents a methylene group, E represents an alkylene group or a 2-hydroxy-n-propylene, 2-hydroxy-n-butylene, or 3-hydroxy-n-butylene group,G represents an alkylene group,R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen, chlorine, or bromine atom or a trifluoromethyl, nitro, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, or phenylalkoxy group,R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen, chlorine, or bromine atom or a hydroxyl, alkoxy, phenylalkoxy, or alkyl group orR.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together represent an alkylenedioxy group,R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen, chlorine, or bromine atom or an alkyl group,R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or phenylalkyl group,R.sub.