Abstract: The invention relates to an ionic liquid composition and a method for preparing the ionic liquid. The ionic liquid comprises a cation containing the Formula I, as herein disclosed, and wherein: n is 2, R1 is selected from the group consisting of: H, C1-C12 alkyl, aryl or together with R2 may form a heterocyclic ring, and R2 is selected from the group consisting of: H, C1-C12 alkyl, aryl or together with R1 may form a heterocyclic ring, and R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C1-C12 alkyl, and wherein R1 and R2 are not simultaneously selected from hydrogen.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds and methods of synthesis thereof. The compounds set forth herein are useful for the treatment, prevention, and/or management of various disorders, such as neurological disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, neuropsychiatric disorders, disorders of cognition, learning or memory, gastrointestinal disorders, lower urinary tract disorder, and cancer. Compounds set forth herein modulate the activity of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) in the central nervous system or the periphery. Pharmaceutical formulations containing the compounds and their methods of use are also provided herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polymer conjugates of i?dolocarbazole compounds, in particular of polymer conjugates of K-252a and derivatives thereof, by a synthetic route which results in a highly pure product, with a high product yield. In a further aspect the present invention relates to novel polymer conjugates of K-252a and derivatives thereof, wherein the chemical group linking the polymer unity to the K-252a or to the K-252a derivative compound is characterised by a 5-member oxazolidindionic cyclic structure.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to spiropyrrolidine compounds of formula (I) which are inhibitors of the beta-secretase enzyme and that are useful in the treatment of diseases in which the beta-secretase enzyme is involved, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the treatment of such diseases in which the beta-secretase enzyme is involved.

Abstract: Provided are compounds that are capable of modulating the activity of the influenza A virus via interaction with the M2 transmembrane protein. Also provided are methods for treating an influenza A-affected disease state or infection comprising administering a composition comprising one or more compounds that have been identified as being capable of interaction with the M2 protein.

Abstract: A means and method for treating malaria, schistosomiasis, and cancer using a spiro or dispiro 1,2,4-trioxolane is described. The preferred 1,2,4-trioxolanes include a spiroadamantane group on one side of the trioxolane group, and a spirocyclohexyl on the other side of the trioxolane group. In comparison to artemisinin semisynthetic derivatives, the compounds of this invention are structurally simple, easy to synthesize, non-toxic, and potent against malarial parasites. The compounds of the invention unexpectedly provide a single-dose cure for malaria, as well as prophylactic activity against the same. The compounds are also active against schistosomiasis and cancer.

Abstract: The invention relates to organic compounds which have interesting pharmaceutical properties. In particular, the compounds are useful in the treatment and/or prevention of infections such as those caused by Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale, Trypanosoma cruzi and parasites of the Leishmania genus such as, for example. Leishmania donovani. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds, as well as processes for their preparation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of Formula (I); to pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, to methods of using them to treat bacterial infections, and to methods for their preparation.

Abstract: This invention concerns Spiro azepane-ox-azolidinones as voltage gated Kv1.3 potassium channel blockers, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, methods for preparing the compounds, methods for preparing novel intermediates useful for their synthesis, and methods for preparing compositions. The invention also relates to the uses of such compounds and compositions, particularly their use in administering them to patients to achieve a therapeutic effect in the treatment of diabetes, psoriasis, obesity, transplant rejection and inflammatory neuropathies, including T-cell mediated autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. The compounds have formula (1): wherein R1, R2, (R3)n, and (R4)m have the meanings given in the specification.

Abstract: Spirocyclic heterocyclic derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and methods for their pharmaceutical use are disclosed. In certain embodiments, the spirocyclic heterocyclic derivatives are ligands of the ? opioid receptor and may be useful, inter alia, for treating and/or preventing pain, anxiety, gastrointestinal disorders, and other ? opioid receptor-mediated conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to benzo-spiro-azaheterocyclic compounds of formula I, wherein R1, R2a, Rsb, R3, R?3, R4, R?4, m, n, q and p are define herein. The compounds of this invention are useful as modulators of muscarinic receptors.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention relates to compounds of Formula (I): to pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, to methods of using them to treat bacterial infections, and to method for their preparation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of Formula (I): which act as 5HT2C receptor modulators. These compounds are useful in pharmaceutical compositions whose use includes the treatment of obesity.

Abstract: A compound of the following general formula [I]: wherein each symbol has the same meaning as defined herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, and a pharmaceutical use of the same in treating organ transplant rejection, graft versus host reaction after transplantation, autoimmune disease, allergic disease and chronic myeloproliferative disease.

Abstract: Compounds that inhibit protein kinases, compositions containing the compounds and methods of treating diseases using the compounds are disclosed.

Abstract: An objective of the invention is to provide a compound effective for prevention and/or treatment of cancer. The invention relates to a compound according to by formula I, or a salt, solvate or physiologically functional derivative thereof, and a composition for prevention and/or treatment of cancer comprising the same as an active ingredient: wherein R1 to R6, x, and y are as defined in the description.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I: (wherein variables A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, B1, B2, B3, B4, D1, D2, E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, G1, G2, J, K, T, U, V, W, X, Y and Z are as described herein) which are antagonists of CGRP receptors and which are useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases in which the CGRP is involved, such as migraine. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which CGRP is involved.

Abstract: A novel scalable synthesis for the preparation of 7-(3-pyridinyI)-1,7-diazaspiro[4.4)nonane has been developed, and 7-(3-pyridinyl)-1,7-diazaspiro[4.4]nonane salts have been formed with succinic acid and oxalic acid. Additionally, 7-(3-pyridinyl)-1,7-diaza-spiro[4.4]nonane has been separated into its stereoisomers via resolution with L and D di-p-toluoyltartaric acids, giving (R)- and (S)-7-(3-pyridinyl)-1,7-diazaspiro[4.4]nonane of high enantiomeric purity. Numerous solid salts of the resulting (R)- and (S)-7-(3-pyridinyl)-1,7-diazaspiro[4.4}nonane have been prepared. Methods for the preparation of the racemic and enantiomeric salts, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such salts, and uses thereof are disclosed. The salts can be administered to patients susceptible to or suffering from conditions and disorders, such as central nervous system disorders, to treat and/or prevent such disorders.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel tricyclic spiro-oxathiine naphthoquinone derivatives, a synthetic method for making the derivatives, and the use of the derivatives to induce cell death and/or to inhibit proliferation of cancer or precancerous cells. The naphthoquinone derivatives of the present invention are related to the compound known as ?-lapachone (3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-naphtho(1,2-b)pyran-5,6-dione).

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of the following formula (I) below. This compound (I) can be produced by reacting a 2,2?-dimethylene bromide-1,1?-binaphthyl derivative, which can be produced by a relatively small number of processes, with an easily available secondary amine. This compound (I) is useful as a chiral phase-transfer catalyst.

Abstract: A method of making a compound of Formula I: is carried out by (a) providing a compound of Formula (II) or (III): wherein ring A is C3-14 aryl or C3-14 heteroaryl such as phenyl or furanyl, and then (b) combining the compound of Formula (II) or (III) with an acid to produce a compound of Formula I.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a series of compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds, and to use of the compounds and compositions as therapeutic agents. More specifically, compounds of the present invention are thiophenyl and pyrrolyl azepine compounds. These compounds are serotonin receptor (5-HT2c) ligands and are useful for treating diseases, disorders, and conditions wherein modulation of the activity of serotonin receptors (5-HT2c) is desired (e.g. addiction, anxiety, depression, obesity, and others).

Abstract: The present invention provides isoxazoline FAAH inhibitors of the formula (I): or pharmaceutically acceptable forms thereof, wherein each of G, Ra, Rb, Rc, and Rd are as defined herein. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable form thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. The present invention also provides methods for treating an FAAH-mediated condition comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable form thereof, to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: It is to provide a novel optically active dibenzazepine derivative having a high utility value as an asymmetric phase-transfer catalyst. It is an optically active 6,7-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[c,e]azepine derivative represented by the following formula (1?), (wherein R represents a divalent organic group for cross-linking the 1st position and the 11th position; R1 and R2 are the same or different, and represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, or organic group, or R1 and R2 together represent a divalent organic group; R3?and R4? are the same or different and represent a monovalent organic group, or R3? and R4? together form an organic group that forms a cyclic structure comprising an onium nitrogen atom; Ar represents a monovalent organic group; * represents optical activity, i.e., that one axially asymmetric isomer is present in excess of the other axially asymmetric isomer with respect to a bond axis that constitutes the biphenyl structure of the compound; and X? represents a counter anion).

Abstract: Provided herein are spirocyclic aminoquinolones of formula I and compositions containing the compounds. The compounds and compositions provided herein are useful in the prevention, amelioration or treatment of GSK-3 inhibitors mediated diseases. In Formula (I): X1 is O or NR8; A is bond or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C2 alkylene, wherein the substituents when present are selected from one to four Q2 groups; where Q2 is alkyl or haloalkyl; p is 0 or 1; and q is an integer of 0 to 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new CGRP-antagonists of general formula I wherein U, V, X, Y, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are defined as in the description, the tautomers, the isomers, the diastereomers, the enantiomers, the hydrates, the mixtures thereof and the salts thereof and the hydrates of the salts, particularly the physiologically acceptable salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids or bases, medicaments containing these compounds, their use and processes for preparing them.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a series of compounds of the formula (I) which reduce ?-amyloid peptide (?-AP) production and are useful in the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease and other conditions affected by ?-amyloid peptide (?-AP) production.

Abstract: The present invention provides an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes, which has a superior hypoglycemic action, and is associated with a fewer side effects such as body weight gain and the like. The resent invention relates an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes, which comprises a compound represented by wherein each symbol is as defined in the description, or a salt thereof or a prodrug thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to spiro compounds of formula XX as modulators of muscarinic receptors, wherein R1, R2, R3, Z1, Z2, L, G, n, m, t and p are defined herein. The present invention also provides compositions comprising such modulators, and methods therewith for treating muscarinic receptor mediated diseases.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I: I (where variables R1A, R1B, R2, R3, R4, A, and Z are as defined herein) useful as antagonists of CGRP receptors, and useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases in which CGRP receptors are involved, such as headache, and in particular migraine and cluster headache. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which CGRP receptors are involved.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a new general process for asymmetric hemisynthesis of harringtonines and their analogs, that are alkaloids used in chemotherapy. This process comprises direct esterification of a natural cephalotaxine with an acylating compound constituted of a side chain precursor which backbone and functionalization are entirely preformed. The invention also concerns a natural, synthetic or semi-synthetic harringtonines including their tautomeric forms and their salts of the following formula: wherein n=2 (i.e. harringtonine) or n=3 (i.e. homoharringtonine), in which the total content of impurities, possibly including enantiomeric forms, is lower than 1%, and/or the content of the major impurity is lower than 0.9%, and/or the chromatographic assay exhibits a harringtonines content higher than 97.5%.

Abstract: The present invention concerns heterobicyclic compounds of formula (I) processes for preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use as pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein n, m, A, R1 and R2 have the significance given in the description. The compounds are useful as HSL inhibitors and may be used in the treatment or prophylaxis of diabetes, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis or obesity.

Abstract: The invention is directed to nonpeptide substituted spiroheterobenzazepine of Formula I, which are useful as vasopressin receptor antagonists for treating conditions associated with vasopressin receptor activity such as those involving increased vascular resistance and cardiac insufficiency, including congestive heart failure, hyponatremia, and hypertension. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula I and methods of treating conditions such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, cardiac insufficiency, coronary vasospasm, cardiac ischemia, liver cirrhosis, hyponatremia, renal vasospasm, renal insufficiency, renal failure, diabetic nephropathy, cerebral edema, cerebral ischemia, stroke, thrombosis, or water retention are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is directed to nonpeptide substituted spiroheterobenzazepine of Formula I, which are useful as vasopressin receptor antagonists for treating conditions associated with vasopressin receptor activity such as those involving increased vascular resistance and cardiac insufficiency, including congestive heart failure, hyponatremia, and hypertension. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula I and methods of treating conditions such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, cardiac insufficiency, coronary vasospasm, cardiac ischemia, liver cirrhosis, hyponatremia, renal vasospasm, renal failure, diabetic nephropathy, cerebral edema, cerebral ischemia, stroke, thrombosis, or water retention are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to diazepan compounds which are antagonists of orexin receptors, and which are useful in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders and diseases in which orexin receptors are involved. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the treatment of such diseases in which orexin receptors are involved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to inhibitors of 11-? hydroxyl steroid dehydrogenase type 1, antagonists of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. The compounds of the invention can be useful in the treatment of various diseases associated with expression or activity of 11-? hydroxyl steroid dehydrogenase type 1 and/or diseases associated with aldosterone excess.

Abstract: Substituted spiro-amide compounds corresponding to formula I in which R5 through R8, D, X, Y and Z have defined meanings, processes for preparing such spiro-amide compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and methods of using such spiro-amide compounds for treating and/or inhibiting disorders or disease states mediated at least in part by the bradykinin 1 receptor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to substituted 5,6-dihydro-6-phenylbenzo[f]isoquinolin-2-amine compounds and methods of synthesizing these compounds. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing substituted 5,6-dihydro-6-phenylbenzo[f]isoquinolin-2-amine compounds and methods of treating cell proliferative disorders, such as cancer, by administering these compounds and pharmaceutical compositions to subjects in need thereof.

Abstract: The compound represented by formulae (I) and (II), the salt thereof, the N-oxide thereof or the solvate thereof, or the prodrug thereof and the pharmaceutical composition comprising thereof have a CXCR4-regulating effect, and they are effective in treatment and prevention of various inflammatory disease, various allergic disease, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome infection with human immunodeficiency virus, or agents for regeneration therapy. (wherein ring A represents a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group which may have a substituent(s); ring B represents a homocyclic group which may have a substituent(s) or a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent(s); and Y represents a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent(s), a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent(s), an amino group which may be protected, a hydroxyl group which may be protected or a mercapto group which may be protected; T represents ring A or an amino group which may be protected.

Abstract: The present invention relates to modulators of muscarinic receptors. The present invention also provides compositions comprising such modulators, and methods therewith for treating muscarinic receptor mediated diseases.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds. More specifically, compounds of the present invention are hexahydroazepinoindole and octahydroazepinoindole compounds. These compounds are serotonin receptor (5-HT) ligands and are useful for treating diseases, disorders, and conditions wherein modulation of the activity of serotonin receptors (5-HT) is desired (e.g. anxiety, depression and obesity).

Abstract: Compounds, compositions and methods for modulating the activity of receptors are provided. In particular, compounds and compositions are provided for modulating the activity of receptors and for the treatment, prevention, or amelioration of one or more symptoms of disease or disorder directly or indirectly related to the activity of the receptors.

Abstract: The invention is related to compounds of formula (I) that can be used as antagonists of the TGF? family type I receptors, Alk5 and/or Alk4, compositions and methods of use. The compounds of formula (I) can be employed in the prevention and/or treatment of diseases such as fibrosis (e.g., renal fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and hepatic fibrosis), progressive cancers, or other diseases for which reduction of TGF? family signaling activity is desirable.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is at least one spirocyclobutyl piperidine derivative, at least one pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one spirocyclobutyl piperidine derivative disclosed herein, and at least one method of using at least one spirocyclobutyl piperidine derivative disclosed herein for treating at least one histamine H3 receptor associated condition therewith.

Abstract: In part, the present invention is directed to antibacterial compounds.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with spiro-dihydrotetraazabenzoazulenes, i.e. spiro-5,6-dihydro-4H-2,3,5,10b-tetraaza-benzo[e]azulenes of formula I wherein R1, R2, R3, X, Y, Z, m and n are as described herein. The compounds according to the invention act as V1a receptor modulators and are useful as therapeutics acting peripherally and centrally in the conditions of dysmenorrhea, male or female sexual dysfunction, hypertension, chronic heart failure, inappropriate secretion of vasopressin, liver cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, anxiety, depressive disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, autistic spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and aggressive behavior.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having an ACC inhibitory action, which is useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cardiac failure, diabetic complications, metabolic syndrome, sarcopenia, cancer and the like, and has superior efficacy. The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (I): wherein each symbol is as in the specification, or a salt thereof.

Abstract: In part, the present invention is directed to antibacterial compounds.

Abstract: The invention is directed to nonpeptide substituted benzodiazepines of Formula I, wherein A, X, n, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, a and b are as described in the specification, which are useful as vasopressin receptor antagonists for treating conditions associated with vasopressin receptor activity such as those involving increased vascular resistance and cardiac insufficiency. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula I and methods of treating conditions such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, cardiac insufficiency, coronary vasospasm, cardiac ischemia, liver cirrhosis, renal vasospasm, renal failure, cerebral edema and ischemia, stroke, thrombosis, or water retention are also disclosed.