Abstract: Methods and compositions for reducing frequency of urination are disclosed. The methods comprise administering to a subject having a condition that resulting in undesired frequency of urination an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more prostaglandin pathway inhibitors. The pharmaceutical compositions comprise one or more prostaglandin pathway inhibitors and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds and methods of synthesis thereof. The compounds provided herein are useful for the treatment, prevention, and/or management of various disorders, such as pain, neurological disorders, psychiatric disorders, and neuromuscular disorders. Compounds provided herein modulate the activity of opioid receptor (e.g., ?-opioid receptor) in the central nervous system or the periphery. Pharmaceutical formulations containing the compounds and their methods of use are also provided herein.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds having the formula: where R1-R6, a, b, and X are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. These compounds have neprilysin inhibition activity. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and processes and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds for the inhibition of histone deacetylase. More particularly, the invention provides for compounds of formula (I) wherein Q, J, L and Z are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention is related to novel tricyclic compounds of formula (I) having TRPA1 receptor agonistic properties, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, chemical processes for preparing these compounds and their use as pharmacological tools, or as irritant incapacitants, or in the treatment of diseases linked to the modulation of the TRPA1 receptors in animals, in particular humans.

Abstract: Compounds of the present invention and pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, are useful as modulators of ATP-Binding Cassette (“ABC”) transporters or fragments thereof, including Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (“CFTR”). The present invention also relates to methods of treating ABC transporter mediated diseases using compounds of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound represented by formula (I) and salt thereof (wherein, R1 to R6 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, unsubstituted or substituted C1-20 alkyl group and the like, R1 and R2, R3 and R4, or R5 and R6 may together form an unsubstituted or substituted 5- to 8-membered ring, A-B, in which A represents a carbon atom and B represents a nitrogen atom, represents the formula: C?N and the like, Y represents an oxygen atom and the like, X and X? each independently represent an unsubstituted or substituted C1-20 alkyl group and the like, m represents an integer of 0 to 2, and n represents an integer of 0 to 4), and a fungicide for agricultural and horticultural use that contains at least one of these compounds as an active ingredient thereof, demonstrates reliable effects and can be used safely.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds and methods for the inhibition of HDAC enzymatic activity. More particularly, the invention provides for compounds of formula (I), (I) and N-oxides, hydrates, solvates, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs and complexes thereof, and racemic and scalemic mixtures, diastereomers and enantiomers thereof, wherein L, M, n, R, W, X and Y are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention is related to novel tricyclic compounds of formula (I) having TRPA1 receptor agonistic properties, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, chemical processes for preparing these compounds and their use as pharmacological tools, or as irritant incapacitants, or in the treatment of diseases linked to the modulation of the TRPA1 receptors in animals, in particular humans.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I), wherein R, R1, R2, ring A, which ring contains one or two nitrogen atoms, and ring B are as defined in the Specification, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and uses for these compounds and compositions, in particular, in transplantation.

Abstract: Disclosed are substituted xanthines of general formula wherein R1 to R4 are defined hereinbelow, the tautomers, the stereoisomers, the mixtures thereof, the prodrugs thereof and the salts thereof, which have valuable pharmacological properties, particularly an inhibitory effect on the activity of the enzyme dipeptidylpeptidase-IV (DPP-IV).

Abstract: The present invention relates to substituted imidazo-pyridinones and imidazo-pyridazinones of general formula wherein Y and R1 to R4 are defined as in claim 1, the tautomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, the mixtures thereof and the salts thereof, which have valuable pharmacological properties, particularly an inhibiting effect on the activity of the enzyme dipeptidylpeptidase-IV (DPP-IV).

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing a 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro[1,4]benzothiazepine of formula: by reacting a [2-(acylaminoethyl)thio]arene of formula with an aldehyde or a multimer thereof, and with an acid. The invention also provides for first reacting the [2-(acylaminoethyl)thio]arene with the aldehyde or multimer thereof and a base to form an [N-hydroxymethyl-2-[acylaminoethyl)thio]arene of formula then treating the [N-hydroxymethyl-2-(acylaminoethyl)thio]arene with the acid to form the 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro[1,4]benzothiazepine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to substituted imidazo-pyridinones and imidazo-pyridazinones of general formula wherein Y and R1 to R4 are defined as in claim 1, the tautomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, the mixtures thereof and the salts thereof, which have valuable pharmacological properties, particularly an inhibiting effect on the activity of the enzyme dipeptidylpeptidase-IV (DPP-IV).

Abstract: The present invention relates to tricyclic compounds each represented by the following formula (I): (wherein, R1, R2, R2?, R3, R4, X, Y and Z have the same meanings as defined in the specification); and a drug containing the compound. Since the compounds according to the present invention exhibit an excellent squalene synthetase inhibitory effect and cholesterol synthesis inhibitory effect so that they are useful as a drug such as preventive and/or remedy for diseases in mammals including humans such as hyperlipemia, e.g., hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL cholesterolemia and/or arteriosclerosis.

Abstract: The invention comprises a process for preparing quetiapine and/or its salts, including, quetiapine fumarate. The process generally comprises reacting dibenzothiazepinone (dibenzo[bf][1,4]thiazepin-11(10H)-one) with phosphorous oxychloride in the presence of triethylamine in an aromatic organic solvent such as toluene or, preferably, xylene at reflux temperature to obtain an aromatic hydrocarbon solution of 11-chloro-dibenzo[bf][1,4]thiazepine. Thereafter, the 11-chloro-dibenzo[bf][1,4]thiazepine is reacted with 2-(2-piperazin-1-ylethoxy)-ethanol to yield, following several processing steps, quetiapine. Compound I can then be further reacted with fumaric acid at elevated temperature to yield quetiapine fumarate. The resulting quetiapine fumarate obtained is suitable for use in pharmaceutical preparations.

Abstract: New N-hydroxyamides of n-alkyl carboxylic acids omega substituted with suitable tricyclic systems characterised by a central 7-membered ring, having activity as inhibitors of histone deacetylase (HDAC).

Abstract: Compounds that inhibit cholinesterase activity and, upon hydrolysis release a pharmacologically active agent. The compounds of the invention are employed in methods to treat an individual. The pharmacologically active agent obtained by hydrolysis of the compound can treat, for example, a nervous system condition, a cholinergic deficiency and conditions or diseases associated with a deficiency in a pharmacologically active agent, such as acetylcholine.

Abstract: Provided is an improved synthesis of quetiapine and pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds for the inhibition of histone deacetylase. More particularly, the invention provides for compounds of formula (I) wherein Q, J, L and Z are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The invention relates to an orthorhombic crystal form of compound trans-5-chloro-2,3,3a, 12b-tetrahydro-2-methyl-1H-dibenz [2,3:6,7] oxepino [4,5-c] pyrrole (Z)-2-butenedioate, to methods for the preparation of this crystal form and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising an orthorhombic crystal form.

Abstract: The invention teaches the use of a tricyclic compound for promoting the endocytotic uptake of macromolecular active ingredients.

Abstract: Polycyclic heteroaryl substituted triazoles and pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds are disclosed as being useful in inhibiting the activity of the receptor protein tyrosine kinase Axl. Methods of using the compounds in treating diseases or conditions associated with Axl activity are also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel compounds according to general formula 1, wherein G1 is NR5R6 or a fused polycyclic group that are specific OT receptor agonists and/or V1a receptor antagonists. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds are useful in the treatment of, inter alia, primary dysmenorrhoea.

Abstract: Compounds of the Formula I: wherein m, n, k, A, X, Y, Z, Ar, R1, R2, R3, and R4 are as defined herein. The compounds are useful as 5-HT6 receptor antagonists. Also provided are compositions comprising, methods of using, and methods of making the subject compounds.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of compounds with the following formula where the groups are as defined below; in particular, R1 is a substituted amine; said process includes essentially the reaction of pyrrolobenzothiazepin-9-one with amine R1H to give the corresponding enamine, which is subsequently transformed into the final compound

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel dibenzoxazepine derivative, its synthesis, and its use as an ?v integrin receptor antagonist. More particularly, the compound of the present invention is an antagonist of the integrin receptors ?v?3 and ?v?5 and therefor useful for inhibiting bone resorption, treating and/or preventing osteoporosis, and inhibiting vascular restenosis, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, angiogenesis, artheroscietosis, inflammatory arthritis, cancer and metastatic tumor growth.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): wherein: R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 R7, R8, n, m, and X have any of the values defined in the specification, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds. The invention also provides therapeutic methods as well as processes and intermediates useful for preparing compounds of Formula (I). The compounds are 5-HT ligands and are useful for treating diseases wherein modulation of 5-HT activity is desired.

Abstract: Formulation components such as bleach boosting compounds selected from the group consisting of bleach boosters comprising quaternary imine cations, zwitterions, polyions having a net charge of from about +3 to about 3 and mixtures thereof, bleaching species comprising oxariridinium cations, zwitterions, polyions having a net charge of from about +3 to about ?3 and mixtures thereof, and mixtures thereof are disclosed. The bleach boosting compounds increase bleaching effectiveness even in lower temperature solutions and provides improved stability toward unwanted boosting compound decomposition. The bleach boosting compounds are ideally suited for inclusion into bleaching compositions including those with detersive surfactants and enzymes. Also provided is a method for laundering a fabric employing the bleach compounds, a laundry additive product employing the bleach boosting compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to tricyclic compounds having spiro union represented by the following formula (I) or its salt which is useful as a drug, and in particular, as an inhibitor for activated blood coagulation factor X, which can be administered orally and which exhibits strong anticoagulation action. The invention also relates to a pharmacophore which was derived from the compound and is useful in molecular designing of the FXa inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pyrrolobenzoxazepines, pyrrolobenzthiazepines and related compounds having the ability to induce apoptosis, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and to their use as anti-tumour agents.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds or salts thereof of the general formula (I): wherein each of R1 and R2 independently represents a C1-6 alkyl or C2-7 acyl group; X represents OCH2 or a group CR3R4; wherein each of R3 or R4 independently represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-3 alkyl group; R5 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-3 alkyl, C2-3 alkenyl or C2-3 alkynyl group; R6 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C2-6 alkynyl, amino, C1-6 alkylamino, di(C1-6) alkylamino or C2-7 acylamino group; each of R7 and R8 independently represents a hydrogen or halogen atom or a hydroxy, trifluoromethyl, C1-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C2-6 alkynyl, C2-7 acyl, C1-6 alkylthio, C1-6 alkoxy, C3-6 cycloalkyl; and R9 represents a hydrogen or halogen atom or a hydroxy, trifluoromethyl, C1-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C2-6 alkynyl, C2-7 acyl, C1-6 alkylthio, C1-6 alkoxy or C3-6 cycloalkyl group. The compounds or salts thereof are useful for treatment of respiratory disorders such as asthma.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound represented by the following general formula (1) or its analogue, which selectively inhibit N-type calcium channels or its analogue, and to a method for treating pain etc.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I): where: R=H, Cl, Br, F, I, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkylthio, C1-C4 alkyl, or C5-C6 cycloalkyl; R1 =C1-C4 dialkylamine, where the alkyl groups are the same or different from one another, 4-alkyl-1-piperazinyl, 4-hydroxyalkyl-1-piperazinyl, 1-imidazolyl, 4-alkyl-1-piperidinyl, or 4-alkyl-1-homopiperazinyl; R2 =H, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkylthio, C1-C4 alkyl, CHO, or CH=NOH; R3 =H, CHO; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: Compounds according to general formulae (1 and 2), wherein G1 is an azepine derivative and G2 is a group according to general formulae (9-11) are new. Compounds according to the invention are vasopressin V2 receptor agonists. Pharmaceutical compositions of the compounds are useful as antidiuretic agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel dibenzoxazepine derivative, its synthesis, and its use as an &agr;v integrin receptor antagonist. More particularly, the compound of the present invention is an antagonist of the integrin receptors &agr;v&bgr;3 and &agr;v&bgr;5 and therefor useful for inhibiting bone resorption, treating and/or preventing osteoporosis, and inhibiting vascular restenosis, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, angiogenesis, artheroscietosis, inflammatory arthritis, cancer and metastatic tumor growth.

Abstract: Compounds with formula (I) are described where the groups are as defined here below, as well as processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use for the preparation of medicaments with antipsychotic activity.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of compounds with the following formula where the groups are as defined below; in particular, R1 is a substituted amine; said process includes essentially the reaction of pyrrolobenzothiazepin-9-one with amine R1H to give the corresponding enamine, which is subsequently transformed into the final compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula I which is useful as antiviral agents, in particular, as agents against viruses of the herpes family.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I) 1

Abstract: This invention relates to certain benzoxazepinones and benzothiazepinones useful as hypocholesterolemic agents, hypotriglyceridemic agents, antiatherosclerosis agents, antifungal agents, anti-Alzheimer's agents or anti-acne agents.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds or salts thereof of the general formula (I): 1

Abstract: Chiral ligands and transition metal complexes based on such chiral ligands useful in asymmetric catalysis are disclosed. The chiral ligands include chiral C1-C6 TunaPhos ligands. The ruthenium TunaPhos complex reduces ketones to the corresponding alcohols with 95-99.6% enantioselectivity. The transition metal complexes of the chiral ligands are useful in asymmetric reactions such as asymmetric hydrogenation, hydride transfer, hydrosilylation, hydroboration, hydrovinylation, hydroformylation, hydrocarboxylation, isomerization, allylic alkylation, cyclopropanation, Diels-Alder reaction, Heck reaction, isomerization, Aldol reaction, Michael addition and epoxidation reactions.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula (I) or (II) or a salt thereof wherein R1 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; R2 and R3 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group, or R2 and R3 may combine together to represent a 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl group; R4 represents, for example, a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; R5 represents, for example, a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; R6 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; X represents —NR7—, —O—, —CHR7— or —S— in which R7 represents, for example, a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; and Y represents a phenylene group or a pyridinediyl group. The compounds are useful as agents for enhancing the activities of retinoid compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel N-substituted azaheterocyclic compounds of the general formula 1

Abstract: The present invention provides (R)-5,11-dihydro-5-[1-(4-methoxyphenethyl)piperidine-2-ylmethyl]dibenzo[b,e][1,4]oxazepine, (R)-5,11-dihydro-5-[1-(4-dimethylaminophenethyl)piperidine-2-ylmethyl]dibenzo[b,e][1,4]oxazepine, compounds analogous to them and pharmaceutical compositions containing such a compound. These compounds are useful for treating or preventing abnormal motor functions of gastrointestinal tracts, particularly irritable bowel syndrome.

Abstract: Compounds according to the formula A-B-Z-W, wherein

Abstract: Spirotricyclic azacycloalkyl compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are disclosed. The synthesis of these compounds is also described. One application of these compounds, which are alpha 1a adrenergic receptor antagonists, is in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. These compounds are selective in their ability to relax smooth muscle tissue enriched in the alpha 1a receptor subtype without at the same time inducing hypotension. One such tissue is found surrounding the urethral lining. Therefore, one utility of the instant compounds is to provide acute relief to males suffering from benign prostatic hyperplasia, by permitting less hindered urine flow. Another utility of the instant compounds is provided by combination with a human 5-alpha reductase inhibitory compound, such that both acute and chronic relief from the effects of benign prostatic hyperplasia can be achieved.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) are disclosed which are dual fibrinogen receptor and vitronectin receptor antagonists and are useful in the treatment of atherosclerosis, in the prevention of restenosis and in the prevention of tumor metastasis and tumor growth: 1

Abstract: Provided are compounds of formula (I) 1