Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## wherein Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 represent unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, allyl, benzyl or a group --O--R.sup.2 -NR.sup.3 R.sup.4, R.sup.2 represents alkylene and --NR.sup.3 R.sup.4 is an open chain or cyclic organic amino group, are effective initiators for the photopolymerization of unsaturated compounds or for the photocrosslinking of polyolefins. They can be obtained by different methods which are in themselves known, in particular by reaction of the corresponding haloalkyl ethers or haloalkyl ketals with primary or secondary amines.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and each is H, halogen, phenyl, alkyl, alkoxy or alkylthio,R.sup.3 is H or alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl,R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are identical or different and each is alkyl, phenyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl orR.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together are a --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 -- bridge, a --(CH.sub.2).sub.5 -- bridge or a --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 -- bridge,R.sup.6 is alkyl andX.sup..crclbar. is Cl.sup..crclbar., Br.sup..crclbar., I.sup..crclbar., CH.sub.3 SO.sub.4.sup..crclbar. or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 SO.sub.4.sup..crclbar., a process for their preparation from Mannich bases of the formula ##STR2## and alkylating agents, and the use of these quaternary ammonium compounds as initiators for the photopolymerization of polymerizable mixtures containing olefinically unsaturated compounds, especially for the preparation of aqueous polymer dispersions or polymer solutions.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## wherein m and n are 0, 1 or 2, X represents oxygen, imino, benzylimino, or morpholinoethylimino, Y represents CO, CONH, COO or SO.sub.2, and NR.sub.1 R.sub.2 represents a dimethylamino, diethylamino, dipropylamino, dibutylamino, allylamino, isobutenylamino, cyclopentylamino, cyclohexylamino, cycloheptylamino, cyclooctylamino, N-methyl N-cyclopentylamino, N-methyl N-cyclohexylamino, N-allyl N-cyclohexylamino, adamantylamino, diethoxyethylamino, dimethylaminoethylamino, dimethylaminopropylamino, N-methyl N-dimethylaminopropyl-amino, benzylamino, 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylamino, phenethylamino, p-chlorophenethylamino, tetrahydrofurfurylamino, tetrahydropyranylmethylamino, pyrrolidino, isoxazolidinyl, piperidino, 4-hydroxypiperidino, 4-m-chlorophenyl-4-hydroxypiperidino, homopiperidino, 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridyl, morpholino, 2-methylmorpholino, 2,6-dimethylmorpholino, 2-morpholinoethylamino, thiamorpholino, piperazino, 4-methylpiperazino, 4-(.alpha.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (III): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is alkyl of up to 3 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 is alkyl of up to 3 carbon atoms optionally joined to R.sub.1 so that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 and the carbon atom to which they are attached form a spiro-cyclopentyl or spiro-cyclohexyl ring, and wherein the configuration about the .beta.-lactam ring is trans, are useful in the preparation of antibacterial .beta.-lactam compounds.A process for the preparation of the compounds of the formula (III), is also desired.

Abstract: A process for the production of compounds of formula I, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms,R.sub.2 is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or bromine, andR.sub.3 is bromine, iodine, isobutyl, tert. butyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl; or phenyl, optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine or alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; or a radical of formula II, ##STR2## in which either R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are the same or different and each signifies alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms,orR.sub.4 and R.sub.5 together signify the radical --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, in which n is 4 or 5, the radical --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --0--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, the radical --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --, or the radical --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --N(R.sub.6)--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, in which R.sub.6 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Hydroxyketone and hydroxy imine intermediates are also disclosed.The compounds of formula I are known to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity.

Abstract: N-{3- and 4-[R.sub.1 -(phenyl)-C(.dbd.X)]-phenyl-lower-alkyl}amines, useful as anti-inflammatory agents, are prepared either by reduction of 3- or 4-[R.sub.1 -(phenyl)-CO]-phenyl-lower-alkanoylamines, which are also useful as anti-inflammatory agents; by benzoylating a phenyl-lower-alkylamine; by reaction of a 3- or 4-lithiophenyl-lower-alkylamine with a R.sub.1 -(phenyl)-carboxaldehyde, a R.sub.1 -(phenyl)-lower-alkyl ketone or a R.sub.1 -(phenyl)-carbonitrile or by transformations involving manipulations of a carbonyl or carbinol group.

Abstract: Aminated .gamma.-dialdehyde and the quaternary ammonium salts thereof are prepared by acid hydrolysis of their respective corresponding 2,5-dialkoxy 3-amino 4-hydroxy tetrahydrofurans or by acid hydrolysis of their respective corresponding tetraalkyl acetals. The aminated .gamma.-dialdehydes and the quaternary ammonium salts thereof are usefully employed in cosmetic compositions to tan the skin or to strengthen or restructure the hair.

Abstract: Ketoalkanesulfenyl and ketoalkanethiosulfenyl carbamates exhibit exceptional pesticidal activity.

Abstract: Herbicidal alkyl-substituted cycloalkanapyrazoles of the formula: ##STR1## where N IS 3, 4 OR 5;R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl;Q is methyl;X is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyano or methoxy;Y is hydrogen, fluorine or chlorine;Z is hydrogen or fluorine;V is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or OR; andR is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; with the proviso thatA. when n is 3, R.sub.1 is hydrogen;B. when n is 5, R.sub.1 is hydrogen, Y is hydrogen or fluorine, Z and V are hydrogen and X is fluorine, chlorine or bromine;C. when V is OR, X and Y are chlorine and Z is hydrogen;D. when V is fluorine or chlorine, X is fluorine, chlorine or bromine and Z is hydrogen.Preferred for their higher activity or favorable cost or both are those compounds of formula I where, independently,1. R.sub.1 is hydrogen and n is 4,2. Y is hydrogen or fluorine, V is hydrogen and Z is hydrogen.Most preferred for their outstanding herbicidal activity are those compounds of formula I where n is 4, R.sub.

Abstract: Squaric acid is prepared by reacting hexachlorobutadiene with an excess of morpholine in the presence of an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent while maintaining the temperature between 110.degree. C and 120.degree. C, and then converting the resulting 1,1,3-trichloro-2,4,4-trimorpholino-butadiene to 3-morpholinotrichloro-2-cyclobuten-1-one, which in turn is hydrolyzed in the presence of strong acid to produce the desired squaric acid.

Abstract: Ketoalkanesulfenyl and ketoalkanethiosulfenyl carbamates exhibit exceptional pesticidal activity.

Abstract: Butyrophenone compounds having excellent psychotropic activities represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a halogen atom, R.sup.2 is a lower alkyl group, and Z is a group of either one of the formulae: ##STR2## (wherein the dotted line indicates the optional presence of an additional single bond linkage, R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group but only when said additional single bond linkage is not present and R.sup.4 is a hydrogen atom or a phenyl or benzyl group optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkyoxy and trifluoromethyl on the benzene ring (except monohalophenyl)), ##STR3## (wherein the dotted line indicates the optional presence of an additional single bond linkage, R.sup.5 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group and R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a lower alkyl group), ##STR4## (wherein R.sup.8 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group and R.sup.