Sulfur Attached Indirectly To The Diazine Ring By Nonionic Bonding (e.g., Thiamines, Etc.) Patents (Class 544/327)
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Patent number: 4544401Abstract: N-(heterocyclicaminocarbonyl)pyridinesulfonamides; are useful for the regulation of plant growth and as pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicides.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 1981Date of Patent: October 1, 1985Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: George Levitt
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Patent number: 4543413Abstract: Aniline compounds having general formula: ##STR1## wherein A represents an optionally substituted 6-membered heterocyclic group containing one or two nitrogen atoms; p=0 or 1; and Z represents an acyl group of alternatively, when A represents a pyrazinyl group and p is 1, may represent a hydrogen atom; n=0, 1 or 2; and X represents a halogen atom or a group R, OH, OR halogen substituted R, COOH, COOR, NO.sub.2, CN, or NH--CO--NH.sub.2 optionally substituted by R, wherein R is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or alkaryl; or an acid addition salt, N-oxide or metal salt complex thereof, have useful fungicidal, plant growth regulating and herbicidal properties.Type: GrantFiled: April 20, 1984Date of Patent: September 24, 1985Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: David Munro
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Patent number: 4536576Abstract: N-(heterocyclicaminocarbonyl)arylsulfonamides in which the aryl radical is substituted in the 2-position by a carboxy radical, ester, thioester, or amide thereof; e.g. N-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]-2-methoxycarbonylbenzenesulf onamide or N-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]-2-methoxycarbonylbenze nesulfonamide; are useful for the regulation of plant growth and as pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicides.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 1983Date of Patent: August 20, 1985Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: George Levitt
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Patent number: 4534896Abstract: Antibacterial activity and .beta.-lactamase inhibitory activity is exhibited by .beta.-lactams having a 3-acylamino substituent and in the 1-position a group having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.5 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 1983Date of Patent: August 13, 1985Assignee: E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc.Inventors: Uwe D. Treuner, Hermann Breuer
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Patent number: 4533660Abstract: Antibacterial activity is exhibited by .beta.-lactams having a sulfate substituent in the 1-position and an acylamino substituent in the 3-position.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 1981Date of Patent: August 6, 1985Assignee: E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc.Inventors: Eric M. Gordon, Miguel A. Ondetti
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Patent number: 4533498Abstract: Compounds of formula (I), pharmaceutically acceptable salts, quaternary derivatives and N-oxides thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable solvates of any of the foregoing: ##STR1## wherein p is 1 to 3;B is C.sub.1-7 alkyl, C.sub.3-8 cycloalkyl, C.sub.3-8 cycloalkyl-C.sub.1-2 alkyl, or a group (CH.sub.2).sub.t R.sub.11 where t is 1 or 2 and R.sub.11 is thienyl or furyl optionally substituted or is phenyl optionally substituted; and(i) A is a group of formula (II): ##STR2## in which either (a) one of X and Y is CO and the other is NH; or X is CO and Y is NR.sub.6 ; and or(b) one of X and Y is CO and the other is NH; or(ii) A is a group of formula (III): ##STR3## in which one of X and Y is CO and the other is NH, having useful pharmacological properties, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, a process and intermediates for their preparation, and the use of the compounds.Type: GrantFiled: January 26, 1984Date of Patent: August 6, 1985Assignee: Beecham Group p.l.c.Inventors: Francis E. Blaney, Michael S. Hadley, Francis D. King, Eric A. Watts
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Patent number: 4505910Abstract: Herein is disclosed amino-pyrimidine derivatives, therapeutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof, processes for their preparation, methods of using the derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions. The derivatives are useful for increasing cardiac contractility in a mammal.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 1983Date of Patent: March 19, 1985Assignee: American Home Products CorporationInventor: Jehan F. Bagli
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Patent number: 4496571Abstract: The invention relates to carbonyl derivatives which are histamine H-2 antagonists and which inhibit gastric acid secretion. According to the invention where is provided a guanidine derivative of the formula I: ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, same or different, are hydrogen or 1-10C alkyl, 3-8C cycloalkyl or 4-14C cycloalkylalkyl, each alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl optionally carrying one or more F, Cl or Br atoms, provided that one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is halogen substituted, or R.sup.2 is hydrogen and R.sup.1 is R.sup.5 -E-W in which W is 2-6C alkylene optionally substituted by 1 or 2 1-4C alkyls, E is O, S, SO, SO.sub.2 or NR.sup.6 in which R.sup.6 is H or 1-6C alkyl, R.sup.5 is H or 1-6C alkyl optionally substituted by 1 or 2 1-4C alkyls, or R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are joined to form a pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine, piperazine or N-methylpiperazine ring, or R.sup.2 is H and R.sup.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1982Date of Patent: January 29, 1985Assignees: ICI Americas Inc., Imperial Chemical Industries, PLCInventors: Tobias O. Yellin, David J. Gilman, Philip N. Edwards, Michael S. Large, Derrick F. Jones, Keith Oldham
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Patent number: 4472402Abstract: The compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent halogen atoms and n=3 or 4, are endowed with anti-viral activity, particularly in the treatment of herpetic keratitis and of Herpes genitalis.Type: GrantFiled: January 4, 1984Date of Patent: September 18, 1984Inventor: Loris J. Bononi
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Patent number: 4455424Abstract: The present invention relates to naphthoquinone derivatives of formula I, ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 signifies a halogen atom, a nitro group or an unsubstituted or substituted alkoxy or amino group,R.sub.2 signifies the atoms necessary to form an unsaturated ring system, which ring system has 1 or 2 nuclei and is unsubstituted or substituted,R.sub.3 signifies an unsubstituted or substituted s-triazinyl or pyrimidyl radical, andn is 0, 1 or 2,which compounds are free from sulphonic acid groups are useful as pigments or disperse dyes.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1977Date of Patent: June 19, 1984Assignee: Sandoz Ltd.Inventor: Bansi L. Kaul
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Patent number: 4450162Abstract: New 4-anilinopyrimidine derivatives of formula (I): ##STR1## (wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and each represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together represent a C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkylene group;R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group;n is 0, 1 or 2; andR.sup.4 represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkanesulphonyl group, a cyano group, a carboxy group or a C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 alkoxycarbonyl group and, when n is 2, the two groups represented by R.sup.4 may be the same or different or they may together represent a methylenedioxy group)and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof have been found to have strong antidepressant activity, with low toxicity and very few side-effects.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1982Date of Patent: May 22, 1984Assignees: Sankyo Company, Limited, Ube Industries LimitedInventors: Toshiharu Kamioka, Isao Nakayama, Takeo Honda, Takashi Kobayashi, Tokio Obata, Katsutoshi Fujii, Mikio Kojima, Yuji Akiyoshi
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Patent number: 4441910Abstract: Novel thiophenes or furans show herbicidal activity and may also have post- and pre-emergence crop tolerance, especially to corn.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 1982Date of Patent: April 10, 1984Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Rafael Shapiro
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Patent number: 4435402Abstract: Compounds having the formula (I) ##STR1## [wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each alkyl or halogen, or they are trimethylene or tetramethylene; R.sup.3 is hydrogen or alkyl; A is alkylene; and R.sup.4 is optionally substituted phenyloxy or benzyloxy substituted with at least one alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkenyl, trifluoromethyl or nitro; optionally substituted phenyl substituted with one or two halogen atoms, alkyl or alkoxy; furyl or thienyl] and their salts.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 1982Date of Patent: March 6, 1984Assignees: Sankyo Company, Limited, Ube Industries, LimitedInventors: Hideakira Tsuji, Shinjiro Yamamoto, Kazuto Nakagami, Takeo Honda, Katsutoshi Fujii, Takashi Kobayashi, Tokio Obata, Mikio Kojima, Yuji Akiyoshi
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Patent number: 4435206Abstract: N-(heterocyclicaminocarbonyl)pyridinesulfonamides are useful for the regulation of plant growth and as pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicides.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 1981Date of Patent: March 6, 1984Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: George Levitt
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Patent number: 4435205Abstract: N-(Heterocycliccarbamoyl)arylsulfonamides, such as N-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonamide , methanesulfonate are useful for plant growth retardation, brush control and weed control in crops.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 1982Date of Patent: March 6, 1984Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: James J. Reap
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Patent number: 4434167Abstract: Pyrimidyl thioureas of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 individually represent hydrogen, halogen, a linear or branched alkoxy group, or a linear or branched alkyl group, said groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. These compounds are useful for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and hypertension.Compositions containing these compounds as well as methods of use and preparation thereof are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 1981Date of Patent: February 28, 1984Assignee: Beiersdorf AktiengesellschaftInventor: Wolfgang Stenzel
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Patent number: 4416817Abstract: Novel 3-methoxy-2-oxoazetidine derivatives, which are shown by the following formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is amino, acylated amino or protected amino, are of value as intermediates for the synthesis of useful compounds represented by the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 has the same meaning as defined above, as drugs in the treatment of bacterial infections.Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 1981Date of Patent: November 22, 1983Assignee: Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Taisuke Matsuo, Michihiko Ochiai
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Patent number: 4412856Abstract: The novel compounds of the formula I are useful selective herbicides for postemergence application in crops of cereals, maize and rice.In formula I, ##STR1## A is an unsubstituted or substituted amino group, Q is a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene bridge, Y is an oxygen or sulfur atom or an unsubstituted or substituted nitrogen atom, and Z is an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, naphthyl or heterocyclic radical, which phenyl radical, containing the bridge member Y, can additionally carry one to four further substituents.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1981Date of Patent: November 1, 1983Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Hans-Georg Brunner, Rolf Schurter, Henry Szczepanski
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Patent number: 4398939Abstract: This invention covers thiophenesulfonylureas of Formula I, agriculturally suitable compositions containing them, and their method-of-use as general and/or selective preemergent and/or postemergent herbicides or plant growth regulants.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1981Date of Patent: August 16, 1983Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: George Levitt
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Patent number: 4394506Abstract: N-(heterocyclicaminocarbonyl)arylsulfonamides in which the aryl radical is substituted in the 2-position by a carboxy radical, ester, thioester, or amide thereof; e.g. N-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]-2-methoxycarbonylbenzenesulf onamide or N-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]-2-methoxycarbonylbenze nesulfonamide; are useful for the regulation of plant growth and as pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicides.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 1979Date of Patent: July 19, 1983Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: George Levitt
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Patent number: 4376774Abstract: This invention relates to a new class of thienamycins (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters which are useful as antibiotics: ##STR1## wherein the stylized radical (hereafter referred to as R'): ##STR2## attached to the amino nitrogen group of thienamycin represents a mono- or polycyclic N-containing heterocyclic group; R is, inter alia, hydrogen, substituted and unsubstituted: alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, heterocyclylalkenyl, aralkenyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aralkyl, --NR.sub.2, COOR, CONR.sub.2, --OR, or CN.Type: GrantFiled: May 29, 1979Date of Patent: March 15, 1983Assignee: Merck & Co., Inc.Inventor: John Hannah
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Patent number: 4369058Abstract: N-(heterocyclicaminocarbonyl)arylsulfonamides, such as 3-isocyanato-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]benze nesulfonamide or methyl [3-[[(4- methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]aminosulfonyl]phenyl]carbamat e, are useful for the regulation of plant growth and as herbicides.Type: GrantFiled: March 11, 1981Date of Patent: January 18, 1983Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: George Levitt
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Patent number: 4362874Abstract: Quaternary compounds of the formula[(K.sup..sym..sub.m --X--).sub.n R]m.multidot.n.multidot.An.sup..crclbar.whereinK.sup..sym. denotes a cationic organic radical,X denotes a linking member,R denotes the radical of a heterocyclic reactive group,m denotes the numbers 1 or 2,n denotes the numbers 1 or 2 andAn.sup..crclbar. denotes an anion,can be used for increasing the affinity of anionic dyestuffs for natural or synthetic fibre materials containing nitrogen or hydroxyl groups.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1980Date of Patent: December 7, 1982Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Walter Kalk, Karl H. Schundehutte, Manfred Soll
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Patent number: 4358596Abstract: A process for the preparation of 1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl ureas of the general formula ##STR1## in which a 1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-carbohydroxam acid derivative of the formula ##STR2## is dissolved in an inert organic solvent with an acid halide of the formulaR.sub.4 -X IIIto form an acylated derivative which then reacts with an amine of the formula ##STR3## to form the desired product.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1981Date of Patent: November 9, 1982Assignee: Schering AGInventor: Hans-Rudolf Kruger
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Patent number: 4324789Abstract: 2,3-Unsaturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds with a 3-nitro group and a 2-heterocyclyl alkylamino group. The alkyl group of 2-position substituents is preferably interrupted by sulfur or oxygen. The compounds of the invention are preferably dihydropyrroles or tetrahydropyrridines or pyrimidines. The compounds of the invention are histamine H.sub.2 -receptor antagonists.Type: GrantFiled: June 16, 1980Date of Patent: April 13, 1982Assignee: Smith Kline & French Laboratories LimitedInventors: Michael L. Roantree, Rodney C. Young
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Patent number: 4323681Abstract: 4-Amino-2-substituted-5-pyrimidinecarboxamidoximes and carbothioamides are immunomodulatory agents useful in the treatment of immune system diseases and disorders.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 1980Date of Patent: April 6, 1982Assignee: American Home Products CorporationInventors: Milton Wolf, Richard L. Fenichel
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Patent number: 4315931Abstract: Unsubstituted or substituted 5-phenyl- and 5-benzyl-4-amino-pyrimidine-2-imidoacid esters, their preparation, drugs containing these compounds, and their use in infectious diseases.Type: GrantFiled: July 3, 1978Date of Patent: February 16, 1982Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Peter Scharwaechter, Klaus Gutsche, Wilhelm Kohlmann, Gerd Kroemer, deceased, by Norma Kroemer, legal representative, by Helmut Kroemer, legal representative, by Maria M. Kroemer, legal representative
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Patent number: 4288368Abstract: Compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or arylalkyl;R.sub.2 is hydrogen and R.sub.3 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy or halogen, or together R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 can be .dbd.O or --X--(CH.sub.2).sub.t --X-- wherein X is oxygen or sulfur and t is 2 or 3;R.sub.4 is hydrogen or alkyl;R.sub.5 is hydrogen, alkyl or trifluoromethyl;R.sub.6 is alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl, arylalkyl or a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic group having 1 or 2 nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms in the ring;R.sub.7 is aryl;m is 0, 1 or 2; andn is 1 or 2have useful hypotensive activity.Type: GrantFiled: July 30, 1979Date of Patent: September 8, 1981Assignee: E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc.Inventor: Rudiger D. Haugwitz
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Patent number: 4287338Abstract: The present invention provides novel substituted sulfooxy-pyrimidinium, -pyridinium, and -triazinium hydroxide inner salts. These compounds are useful for the treatment of hypertension and peripheral vascular diseases. They are formed by reacting the corresponding aminopyrimidine, aminotriazine, and aminopyridine N-oxides with a latent sulfate source such as pyridinium-sulfur trioxide complex, triethylamine-sulfur trioxide complex, chlorosulfonic acid or chlorosulfuryl chloride.Type: GrantFiled: March 10, 1980Date of Patent: September 1, 1981Assignee: The Upjohn CompanyInventor: John M. McCall
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Patent number: 4269837Abstract: Novel guanylamidines and the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof having activity as hypoglycemic agents are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 1980Date of Patent: May 26, 1981Assignee: Pfizer Inc.Inventors: David S. Watt, Jeffrey L. Ives
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Patent number: 4255425Abstract: The compounds are sulphoxides of heterocyclicthioalkylthioureas, ureas and guanidines which are useful to produce inhibition of histamine H-2 receptors.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 1978Date of Patent: March 10, 1981Assignee: Smith Kline & French Laboratories LimitedInventor: George R. White
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Patent number: 4224445Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein A together with the two carbon atoms to which it is attached forms the group ##STR2## and the broken line represents the double bond in group (a); R.sub.1 represents a lower alkyl group; R.sub.2 represents the residue of an aromatic heterocyclic ring containing from 1 to 4 hetero atoms, which may be substituted by one or two lower alkyl groups, or a phenyl group which may be substituted by halogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl, trifluoromethyl or lower alkoxy and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group.Also provided are methods for their preparation. The thienothiazine derivatives provided by this invention have anti-flammatory, analgesic and anti-rheumatic activity.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 1978Date of Patent: September 23, 1980Assignee: Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.Inventors: Otto Hromatka, Dieter Binder, Rudolf Pfister, Paul Zeller
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Patent number: 4221585Abstract: N-(heterocyclicaminocarbonyl)sulfonamides, such as N-[(2,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-4-yl)aminocarbonyl]-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide are useful for the regulation of plant growth and as preemergence and postemergence herbicides.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 1978Date of Patent: September 9, 1980Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: George Levitt
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Patent number: 4189493Abstract: Disclosed are N-derivatives of thienamycin having structures I and II. ##STR1## wherein: the bifunctional radical may contain additional unsaturation in the ring; and wherein n is an integer selected from 1-6; p is 0, 1 or 2; R.sup.1 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl having 1-6 carbon atoms, and aryl having 6-10 carbon atoms; and Z is imino (.dbd.NH), oxo (.dbd.O), hydrogen, amino, or alkyl having 1-6 carbon atoms. Such compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable salt and ester derivatives are useful as antibiotics. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of such compounds pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and methods of treatment comprising administering such compounds and compositions when an antibiotic effect is indicated.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 1977Date of Patent: February 19, 1980Assignee: Merck & Co., Inc.Inventors: Burton G. Christensen, John Hannah, David H. Shih
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Patent number: 4181740Abstract: The present invention provides 1-(p-azidobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-3-indolylacetic acid and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters and processes of preparation.Type: GrantFiled: May 13, 1977Date of Patent: January 1, 1980Assignee: Pierrel S.p.A.Inventors: Silvia Tricerri Zumin, Alberto Bianchetti
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Patent number: 4181517Abstract: 1,2,3-Thiadiazole-2-id-derivative of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is hydrogen or alkyl which may be substituted in one or several places by oxygen or sulfur and wherein R.sub.1 has the meaning as given in the attached specification and wherein X is oxygen or sulfur and B is a univalent metal atom. The compounds have properties suited for controlling the natural growth and natural development of plants and in addition have a superior defoliating property.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 1978Date of Patent: January 1, 1980Assignee: Schering AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans-Rudolf Kruger, Reinhart Rusch, Friedrich Arndt
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Patent number: 4145341Abstract: Dyes having the formula: ##STR1## IN WHICH D is the radical of a diazo component; andA is the radical of a pyrimidine coupling component bearing two unsubstituted or substituted amino groups as substituents. The dyes are eminently suitable for dyeing natural and synthetic polyamides; brilliant colorations are obtained.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1975Date of Patent: March 20, 1979Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Johannes Dehnert, Guenter Dunkelmann
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Patent number: 4126620Abstract: 2,4,5,6-Tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole-4-carboxamide and 4-thiocarboxamide derivatives useful as antisecretory and anti-ulcer agents are prepared by hydrolysis or thiohydrolysis of the corresponding 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole-4-carbonitriles or, in the case of the thiocarboxamides, by reaction of the 4-carboxamide with phosphorus pentasulfide.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 1977Date of Patent: November 21, 1978Assignee: Sterling Drug Inc.Inventors: Malcolm R. Bell, Rudolf Oesterlin
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Patent number: 4096180Abstract: Organic compounds containing one or more alcoholic hydroxyl groups are transformed into fluorine compounds by reacting them with sulfur tetrafluoride in liquid hydrogen fluoride solution, at temperatures between around -80.degree. C. and +20.degree. C. The method can be descriptively termed "fluorodehydroxylation", because it represents the reaction:ROH.fwdarw.RF.Type: GrantFiled: January 3, 1977Date of Patent: June 20, 1978Assignee: Merck & Co., Inc.Inventor: Janos Kollonitsch