Abstract: This invention relates to a novel 1,4-diaza-bicyclo[3.2.2]nonyl pyrimidinyl derivative and its use in the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions. The compound of the invention is found to be a cholinergic ligand at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Due to its pharmacological profile the compound of the invention may be useful for the treatment of diseases or disorders as diverse as those related to the cholinergic system of the central nervous system (CNS), the peripheral nervous system (PNS), diseases or disorders related to smooth muscle contraction, endocrine diseases or disorders, diseases or disorders related to neuro-degeneration, diseases or disorders related to inflammation, pain, and withdrawal symptoms caused by the termination of abuse of chemical substances.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): or a stereoisomer, tautomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate form thereof, wherein the variables A, B, R3 and R11 are as defined herein. The compounds of Formula (I) are useful as selective inhibitors of serine protease enzymes of the coagulation cascade and/or contact activation system; for example thrombin, factor Xa, factor XIa, factor IXa, factor VIIa and/or plasma kallikrein. In particular, it relates to compounds that are selective factor XIa inhibitors or dual inhibitors of fXIa and plasma kallikrein. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and methods of treating thromboembolic and/or inflammatory disorders using the same.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of general formula wherein A, B, p, w, x, y, and z are as defined in the specification, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in therapy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a production method of an optically active morpholine compound represented by the formula 10, which includes the following steps: wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification. The present invention also relates to a production method of an compound represented by the formula 55, which includes the following steps: wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification. According to the production method of the present invention, an optically active 2-aryl-substituted morpholine compound and 3-oxo-3-(pyrimidin-4-yl)propionate, which are important as starting materials for synthesizing 2-(2-arylmorpholin-4-yl)-1-methyl-1H-[4,4?]bipyrimidinyl-6-one having a tau protein kinase 1 inhibitory activity and useful as a therapeutic drug for Alzheimer's disease and the like, can be produced in a high yield by an industrially advantageous method.

Abstract: This invention relates to a compound of formula I, wherein R1, R2, m, n and X are as defined herein, or a physiologically tolerated salt thereof, its pharmaceutical composition and use for lowering blood glucose, treating diabetes, or increasing insulin release.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds, methods for treating or preventing a condition related to ER-stress, e.g. hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis and related conditions, and pharmaceutical compositions related thereto.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula (I) wherein R1 to R6 and m are as defined hereinabove. The compounds of the present invention are modulators, especially antagonists, of the activity of chemokine CCR5 receptors. Modulators of the CCR5 receptor may be useful in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, pain, and. in the treatment of infection by HIV and genetically related retroviruses.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, m and n are as defined hereinabove. The compounds of the present invention are modulators, especially antagonists, of the activity of chemokine CCR5 receptors. Modulators of the CCR5 receptor may be useful in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases and conditions, and in the treatment of infection by HIV and genetically related retroviruses.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the method for preparing (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(4-fluoro-4-{[(5-methyl-pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)-amino]-methyl}-piperidin-1-yl)-methanone of formula (II) by condensation between 5-methyl-pyrimidin-2-methylamine of formula (I) and cyanohydrin of formula (III).

Abstract: Compounds are provided that act as potent antagonists of the CCR9 receptor, and which have been further confirmed in animal testing for inflammation, one of the hallmark disease states for CCR9. The compounds are generally aryl sulfonamide derivatives and are useful in pharmaceutical compositions, methods for the treatment of CCR9-mediated diseases, and as controls in assays for the identification of CCR9 antagonists.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to a process to directly prepare pharmaceutically acceptable salts enriched with respect to selected rotameric salts of a basic compound, by creative choice of an acid and a solvent medium. The process is particularly useful in preparing specific rotamers of pharmaceutically useful salts in desired preponderance of a rotamer.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a compound represented by the general formula (1) exhibiting a high insecticidal effect and an insecticide comprising the compound as an active ingredient. The compound represented by the general formula (1) and an insecticide comprising the compound as an active ingredient, wherein, in the formula, A1, A2, A3 and A4 each represent a carbon atom or the like; R1 and R2 are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or the like; G1 and G2 are each an oxygen atom or the like; X represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or the like; n is an integer of 0 to 4; Q1 represents a substituted phenyl group, a substituted heterocyclic group or the like; Q2 represents a phenyl group having a haloalkyl sulfur group or the like, a heterocyclic group or the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chemokine receptor binding compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and their use. More specifically, the present invention relates to modulators of chemokine receptor activity, preferably modulators of CCR5. These compounds demonstrate protective effects against infection of target cells by a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Abstract: Solid forms of (S)-2-amino-3-(4-(2-amino-6-((R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(3?-methoxybiphenyl-4-yl)ethoxy)pyrimidin-4-yl)phenyl)propanoic acid and salts thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multi-step process for preparing a compound of Formula I: wherein R1 to R3 are as defined herein. The compounds of formula I inhibit the binding of human intercellular adhesion molecules to the Leukointegrins. As a result, these compounds are useful in the treatment of inflammatory and immune cell-mediated diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alkyne compounds of general formula I wherein the groups and residues A, B, W, X, Y, Z, R1 and R2 have the meanings given in claim 1. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one alkyne according to the invention. In view of their MCH-receptor antagonistic activity the pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention are suitable for the treatment of metabolic disorders and/or eating disorders, particularly obesity, bulimia, anorexia, hyperphagia and diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel piperidine derivatives and to the use of piperidine derivatives of formula I as agonists of chemokine receptor activity.

Abstract: There are presented compounds of the formula wherein R6 and R7 is R4 and R5 or R5 and R6 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a ring as defined in the description and X1, X2, Y1 to Y4, R1 to R13 and n are as specified in the description, and to all enantiomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or esters thereof. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, to a process for their preparation and to their use for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases which are modulated by PPAR? and/or PPAR? agonists.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with novel biaryl derivatives of formula (I), wherein m, R1, R2, R3, X1, X2 and X3 are as defined in the description and in the claims, as well as physiologically acceptable salts thereof. These compounds are antagonists of CCR-2 receptor, CCR-5 receptor and/or CCR-3 receptor and can be used as medicaments.

Abstract: 2-Substituted pyrimidines of the formula I in which the index n and the substituents L, Ra, Rb, Rc, Rz, Ru, Rv, A?, A? and A?? are as defined in the description and: R1 is C3-C10-alkyl, C3-C10-alkenyl, C3-C10-alkynyl, C3-C12-cycloalkyl, C3-C10-cycloalkenyl or a five- to ten-membered saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic heterocycle which is attached via carbon and contains one to four heteroatoms from the group consisting of O, N and S, R2 is halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl, C2-C4-alkenyl, C2-C4-alkynyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C3-C4-alkenyloxy or C3-C4-alkynyloxy, where the alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl radicals of R2 may be substituted by halogen, cyano, nitro, C1-C2-alkoxy or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl, and R3 is cyano, CO2Ra, C(?O)NRzRb, C(?O)—N—ORb, C(?S)—NRaRb, C(?NORa)NRzRb, C(?NRa)NRzRb, C(?O)NRa—NRzRb, C(?N—NRzRc)NRaRb, C(?O)Ra, C(?NORb)Ra, C(?N—NRzRb)Ra, CRaRb—ORz, CRaRb—NRzRc, ON(?CRaRb), O—C(?O)Ra, NRaRb?, NRa(C(?O)Rb), NRa(C(?O)ORb), NRa(C(?O)—NRzRb), NRa(C(?NRc)Rb), NRa(N?CRcRb), NRa—NRzRb, NRz—ORa, NRa(C(

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula I and the use thereof for the therapeutic treatment, prevention or amelioration of a disease or disorder characterized by elevated ?-amyloid deposits or ?-amyloid levels in a patient.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of Formula I wherein the variables A1, A2, R1, R2, V, W, X, Y, and Z are defined herein. Certain compounds of Formula I described herein which possess potent antiviral activity. The invention particularly provides compounds of Formula I that are potent and/or selective inhibitors of Hepatitis C virus replication. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more compound of Formula I, or a salt, solvate, or acylated prodrug of such compounds, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, or diluents. The invention further comprises methods of treating patients suffering from certain infectious diseases by administering to such patients an amount of a compound of Formula I effective to reduce signs or symptoms of the disease or disorder. These infectious diseases include viral infections, particularly HCV infections.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula where the variables are as defined in the specification, are useful for preventing or treating emphysema and related pulmonary conditions of mammals and other diseases and conditions which are responsive to RAR? agonist retinoids, such as skin related diseases, including but not limited to acne and psoriasis.

Abstract: Disclosed is the use of the compounds of formula wherein Q is —OH; —OR7; —NH2; —NHR7; —NR7R8; or —N?R9; T is —COR5; —CN; or —SO2—(C6-C12)aryl; R1 is hydrogen; —OR7, —SR7; —NHR7; —NR7R8; C1-C22alkyl; C2-C12Alkenyl; C2-C12alkinyl; C3-C12cycloalkyl; C3-C12cycloalkenyl; C7-C12aralkyl; C1-C12heteroalkyl, C2-C11heteroaralkyl; C6-C10aryl; or C1-C9heteroaryl; R2 and R3 independently from each other are C1-C22alkyl; C2-C12alkenyl; C2-C12alkinyl; C3-C12cycloalkyl, C3-C12cycloalkenyl; C7-C12aralkyl; C1-C12heteroalkyl; C3-C12cycloheteroalkyl; C2-C11heteroaralkyl, C6-C10aryl; or C1-C9heteroaryl; R4 is cyano; COR7, COOR7; CONH2; CONHR7; CONR7R8; SO2(C6-C12)aryl, C2-C12alk-1-enyl; C3-C12cycloalk-1-enyl; C2-C12alk-1-inyl; C2-C12heteroalkyl, C3-C5heterocycloalkyl, C6-C10aryl; or C1-C9heteroaryl; R5 is —COR7; —COOR7; —OR7; —SR7, —NHR7, —NR7R8; C2-C12alkyl; C2-C12alkenyl; C2-C12alkinyl; C3-C12cycloalkyl; C3-C12cycloalkenyl; C7-C12aralkyl; C1-C12alkylphenyl; C1-C12alkoxy-C8-C10aryl; C1-C12heteroalkyl; C2-C11heteroaralkyl; C

Abstract: ?-Hydroxy amide derivatives of the general formula (I) are bradykinin B1 antagonists or inverse agonists useful in the treatment or prevention of symptoms such as pain and inflammation associated with the bradykinin B1 pathway. R2a is selected from (1) a group selected from Ra. (2)(CH2)nNRbC(O)Ra. (3)(CH2)nNRbSO2Rd. (4)(CH2)nNRbCO2Ra.(5)(CH2)k-heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 groups independently selected from halogen.nitro, cyano.ORa.SRa.C1-4 alkyl and C1-3 haloakyl wherein said heterocycle is (a) a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring having a ring heteroatom selected from N.O and S. and optionally having up to 3 additional ring nitrogen atoms wherein said ring is optionally benzo-fused; or (b) a 6-membered heteromatic ring containing from 1 to 3 ring nitrogen atoms and N-oxydes thereof. Wherein said ring is optionally benzo-fused. (6)(CH2)kCO2Ra. and (7)(CH2)C(O)NRbRc.

Abstract: A quaternary nitrogen-containing corrosion inhibitor of formula wherein is an aromatic, nitrogen-containing ring of 5 to 14 ring atoms, optionally containing an additional N, O or S ring atom and optionally substituted with one or more alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl, amino, aminoalkyl, alkoxy, hydroxylalkyl, or cyano groups, or a mixture thereof, Y is a group of formula —OC(O)R1 or —C(O)R1; L is C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl or a group of formula CH2CH(OR2)CH2—; R1 is C8-C20 alkyl or C8-C20 alkenyl; R2 is H or C(O)R1; R3 and R4 are independently selected from H, alkyl, alkenyl, amino, alkoxy, hydroxylalkyl and cyano; and X is Br, Cl or I is particularly useful for inhibiting corrosion in oil and gas field applications.

Abstract: An azole derivative of formula (I) a medicament that contains the azole derivative of formula (I), a method of treating a disease with the azole derivative of formula (I), and a method of preparing the azole derivative of formula (I).

Abstract: Novel 3,4-disubstituted-4-aryl-piperidine compounds are disclosed. Pharmaceutical compositions containing the 3,4-disubstituted-4-aryl-piperidine compounds and methods of their pharmaceutical uses are also disclosed. The compounds disclosed are useful, inter alia, as antagonists of opioid receptors.

Abstract: Derivatives of 6,7-dihydro-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]imidazole-3-sulfonyl]-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid amide which exhibit good inhibitory effect upon the interaction of CAMs and Leukointegrins and are thus useful in the treatment of inflammatory disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing substituted 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-ols having the structural formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein R is benzyl, R5-benzyl, allyl, —C(O)R6, —C(O)OR8 or —CH(R7)2; R1 is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; and R5, R6, R7 and R8 are as defined in the specification; comprising a) reacting an amine of formula II R—NH2??II with 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran or HC(O)(CH2)2C(O)H, and C(O)(CH2C(O)OR4)2, wherein R4 is H or alkyl, to obtain a compound of formula III b) reacting a compound of formula III with I-R1, alkyl lithium, and optionally a lithium salt, to obtain a compound of formula I; and c) optionally converting a compound of formula I wherein R is benzyl, R5-benzyl, allyl, —C(O)R6 or —C(O)OR8 to a compound of formula I wherein R is —CH(R7)2. Intermediates in the process are also claimed.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula (I): wherein R1, R2, A, A1 and B are as defined in the specification; processes for their preparation; pharmaceutical compositions containing them; a process for preparing the pharmaceutical compositions; and their use in therapy. The compounds are useful as MMP inhibitors.

Abstract: Compounds are provided that act as potent antagonists of the CCR9 receptor, and which have been further confirmed in animal testing for inflammation, one of the hallmark disease states for CCR9. The compounds are generally aryl sulfonamide derivatives and are useful in pharmaceutical compositions, methods for the treatment of CCR9-mediated diseases, and as controls in assays for the identification of CCR9 antagonists.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds that are inhibitors of cysteine proteases, in particular, cathepsins B, K, L, F, and S and are therefore useful in treating diseases mediated by these proteases. The present invention is directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and processes for preparing them.

Abstract: N-Substituted (heteroaryl)alkyl sulfilimines are effective at controlling insects.

Abstract: There is provided compounds of Formula (I) and salts, solvates, and physiologically functional derivatives thereof: wherein R1 is hydrogen or C1-6alkyl; n is 1, 2, 3 or 4; R2 is aryl, optionally substituted by one or two groups selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy, cyano, C1-4alkyl, C1-4alkoxy, C1-4alkanoyl, haloC1-4alkyl, haloC1-4alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, C1-4alkoxycarbonyl, C1-4alkylsulfonyl and a group R3R4NSO2 (wherein R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen or C1-4alkyl) and a 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl group; or n is 0 and R1 and R2, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are joined, form a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic ring or a 9- or 10-membered bicyclic heterocyclic ring wherein at least the ring which contains the nitrogen atom to which R1 and R2 are joined is non-aromatic, and wherein the 5- or 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic ring or the 9- or 10-membered bicyclic heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted by one or two groups selected from the group consistin

Abstract: Provided are MC4-R binding compounds of the formula XVII: wherein L2 is a linker group, and P1, P2, P3, P4, Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, t, s, and R are as described in the specification. Methods of using the compounds to treat MC4-R associated disorders, such as disorders associated with weight loss, are also provided.

Abstract: In part, the present invention relates to a compound or polymer comprising a non-protein-binding moiety and at least one protein-binding group. The present invention relates to a method of screening compounds or polymers for the property of inhibiting protein aggregation in solution, a method of preparing a compound or polymer having the property of protein aggregation inhibition in solution, a method of classifying a compound or polymer as either inhibitory of protein aggregation in solution or not inhibitory of protein aggregation in solution, and to a method of determining the preferential binding coefficient, ?XP, of an additive in a protein solution. The present invention also relates to a method of suppressing or preventing aggregation of a protein in solution, a method of decreasing the toxicological risk associated with administering a protein to a mammal in need thereof, and a method of facilitating native folding of a recombinant protein in solution.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R3a, R3b, R4, and R5 are defined in the description, are useful in treating conditions or disorders prevented by or ameliorated by histamine-3 receptor ligands. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the histamine-3 receptor ligands, methods for using such compounds and compositions, and a process for preparing compounds within the scope of formula (I).

Abstract: Compounds that are useful in compositions for flat panel displays, for example, are provided. The compounds provided are polar, and are useful in low threshold voltage mixtures. The compounds provided have the general structure: CpCOCH2[A]nZ1[B]mZ2PhX1X2Y, where CpCOCH2 is the structure: A and B are independently in each instance selected from the group consisting of 1,4-cyclohexane, 1,4-phenyl, 1,3-dioxan-5,2-diyl; pyridine-5,2-diyl; and pyrimidin-5,2-diyl; n and m are independently in each instance 0, 1 or 2; Z1 and Z2 are independently a single bond, —(CH2)2—, CF2O, OCF2, CH2O, OCH2, —C?C—, COO, OOC; and Y is selected from the group consisting of: F, Cl, CN, OCH2F, CHF2, OCF3, and CF3.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a compound of formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3 and L1 are as defined herein, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound, and the use of the compound to treat allergic and/or inflammatory disorders, particularly disorders such as allergic rhinitis, asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula I and salts thereof, to a process for their manufacture, to their use in the treatment of (especially cysteine protease, such as UCH-L3- and/or USP-2 dependent) diseases or for the manufacture of pharmaceutical formulations against these diseases, methods of treatment of warm-blooded animals comprising administering the compounds and/or their salts to said animals and pharmaceutical preparations, especially for the treatment of the diseases, comprising said compounds and/or salts.

Abstract: The present application relates to pyrimidinecarboxylic acid derivatives, to processes for their preparation, to their use for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases and their use for preparing medicaments for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases, preferably for the treatment and/or prevention of cardiovascular disorders, in particular dyslipidaemias and arteriosclerosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): wherein A, B, C, G, and W1 have any of the values defined in the specification, and pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, that are useful to treat thrombotic disorders. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more compounds of Formula I, processes for preparing compounds of Formula I, and intermediates useful for preparing compounds of Formula I.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I): Wherein X, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined herein. The invention also relates to a method for preparing the aforementioned compounds and to their therapeutic use.

Abstract: Novel compounds, compositions comprising compounds, and methods for preparing and using compounds are described herein. Methods of treating or ameliorating various conditions, including insulin resistance, pancreatic beta cell apoptosis, obesity, pro-thrombotic conditions, myocardial infarction, hypertension, dyslipidemia, manifestations of Syndrome X, congestive heart failure, inflammatory disease of the cardiovascular system, atherosclerosis, restenosis, sepsis, type 1 diabetes, liver damage, and cachexia, by administering compounds described herein. Compounds presented herein may be used to modulate serine palmitoyltransferase activity.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a compound useful for the prevention and treatment of viral infectious diseases, and particularly liver diseases caused by HCV infection due to its having a high degree of replication inhibitory activity against HCV, its production method, an intermediate compound useful for its production and a pharmaceutical composition containing these compounds, and the present invention relates to a compound represented by the formula (I): (wherein A represents —(CH2)n—, etc.; B represents —(C?O)—, etc.; D represents —(CH2)m—R?, etc.; E represents a hydrogen atom, etc.; G represents —(CH2)p-J, etc.; bond Q represents a single bond or double bond; and R1, R2 and R3 may be the same or different and each represent a hydrogen atom, etc.), a prodrug thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds for modulating protein kinase enzymatic activity for modulating cellu-lar activities such as proliferation, differentiation, programmed cell death, migration and chemoinvasion. Even more specifically, the invention provides compounds for modulating c-Kit kinase activity and methods of treating diseases mediated by c-Kit activity utilizing the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof.

Abstract: The present invention concerns compounds of formula (I) a stereochemically isomeric form thereof, an N-oxide form thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, wherein -Z1-Z2- is a bivalent radical; R1, R2 and R3 are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-6alkyl, hydroxy, halo and the like; or when R1 and R2 are on adjacent carbon atoms, R1 and R2 taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula; Alk is optionally substituted C1-6alkanediyl; the bivalent radical is a substituted piperidinyl, an optionally substituted pyrrolidinyl, homopiperidinyl, piperazinyl or tropyl; R5 is a radical of formula wherein n is 1 or 2; p1 is 0, and p2 is 1 or 2; or p1 is 1 or 2, and p2 is 0; X is oxygen, sulfur or ?NR9; Y is oxygen or sulfur; R7 is hydrogen, C1-6alkyl, C3-6cycloalkyl, phenyl or phenylmethyl; R8 is C1-6alkyl, C3-6cycloalkyl phenyl or phenylmethyl; R9 is cyano, C1-6alkyl, C3-6cyclo-alkyl, C1-6alkyloxycarbonyl or aminocarbonyl; R10 is hydrogen or C1-6alkyl; and Q is

Abstract: This invention provides compounds of formula I: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate or stereoisomer thereof. The compounds of this invention possess both ?2 adrenergic receptor agonist and muscarinic receptor antagonist activity. Such compounds are useful for treating pulmonary disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.

Abstract: The use of diaryl acid derivatives of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, N-oxides, hydrates or solvates thereof, wherein the variables shown are defined in the disclosure, and their pharmaceutical compositions as PPAR ligand receptor binders. The PPAR ligand receptor binders of this invention are useful as agonists or antagonists of the PPAR receptor.